非谓语动词不定式

非谓语动词不定式（共6篇）

篇1：非谓语动词不定式

非谓语动词 之 动词不定式

动词的非谓语形式有三种：

(1)动词不定式：to study(to + 动词原形)

(2)分词：studying(现在分词)、studied(过去分词)

(3)动名词：studying(形式与现在分词相同)

一、动词不定式

(一)作主语。在不定式短语作主语的句子中，往往用 it 作形式主语，而不把不定式短语放在句子的后面。如：

To die like that is a terrible thing.=It is a terrible thing to die like that.It’ll be a great shame for you to forget her.你要是把她忘了，那可太不应该了。

It’s not proper for us not to accept the invitation.我们不接受邀请不合适

但是，下列形容词做表语时，不定式的逻辑主语由 of 引出：

careless粗心的，clever聪明的，cruel残忍的，foolish愚蠢的，good好的，kind好心的，naughty淘气的，nice好的，polite礼貌的，right正确的，rude无礼的，silly愚蠢的，stupid傻的，unwise不明智的，wise明智的，wrong错误的，等等。

因为这些形容词都是描写人的性格和特点的形容词。“It is + 形容词 +of sb + to do sth”这样的句型更强调某人如何如何。而“for sb to do sth”这一结构更强调做某事如何如何

(二)作宾语及宾语补语。

1、有些及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语。常见的这类动词有：afford负担得起，agree同意，arrange安排，ask要求，attempt试图，beg乞求，begin开始，choose选择，claim声称，consent同意，dare敢，decide决定，decline谢绝，desire欲想，demand要求，determine决心，expect期待，fail失败，forget忘记，hate讨厌，help帮助，hope希望，intend打算，learn学习，like喜欢，long渴望，manage设法，mean打算，need需要，offer主动提出，plan计划，prefer更喜欢，prepare准备，pretend假装，promise答应，refuse拒绝，remember记得，seek寻求，seem好像，tend倾向，threaten威胁，undertake承担，volunteer志愿，want想要，wish希望等。

2、不定式可以和how, which, what, who, whom, whose, when, where还有whether等词连用作宾语。常跟这种结构作宾语的动词有：ask询问，advise建议，consider考虑，decide决定，discover发现，discuss讨论，explain解释，find out查明，forget忘记，inquire打听，know知道，learn学会，remember记得，show演示，tell告诉，teach教，think想，understand懂得，wonder想知道，等等。例如：How to live a happy life is a difficult question to answer.3、有些动词需要不定式作宾语补足语。这种动词常见的有：ask请求，advise劝告，allow允许，beg乞求，believe相信，call on号召，cause促使，compel强迫，command指挥，direct指导，enable使…能够，encourage鼓励，expect期望，feel觉得，force迫使，get使得，hate不喜欢，have使，hear听见，help帮助，inspire鼓舞，intend 打算,invite邀请,instruct指示，know知道，lead引导，let让，like喜欢，listen to 听，look at看，make 使得, notice注意到, observe观察，order命令，permit允许，persuade说服，prefer更喜欢，press施加压力，remind提醒，request请求，teach教，tell告诉，urge敦促，want 想要，warn警告，wish希望，等等。

Tony knew his girl friend to be a shy college student.4、有些动词要求省掉to的不定式作宾语补语。这样的动词有：feel觉得，have使，hear听见，help帮助，let让，listen to 听，look at看，make使，notice 注意，see看见，observe 观察，watch观看 等，一类是感官动词，一类是使役动词。

A policeman saw the accident happen.一位警察看见事故发生。

上述help后面的不定式省掉to与保留to都可以。在被动语态中，上述动词后面的不定式要把省去的to还原。

I heard the dog come in.我听见那条狗进来。

=The dog was heard to come in.有人听见那条狗进来。

I saw her go out by bike.我看见她骑着自行车出去了。

=She was seen to go out by bike.有人看见她骑着自行车出去了。

在had better(最好)，would rather(宁愿)，would sooner(宁愿)，would(just)as soon(宁愿)，cannot but(不能不，不由得不)，cannot help but(不能不，不由得不)等成语后面也跟不带to的不定式：

He would rather listen to others than talk himself.Rather than和sooner than同义，都是“宁可”，“与其…(不如)”，“不是…(而是)”的意思。当它们放在句首时，其后跟不带to的不定式;在其它位置时其后的不定式可带也可不带to:

Sooner than marry that man, she would earn her living as a waitress.He decided to write rather than telephone.他决定写信，不打电话。

The manager believes it is important to invest in new machinery rather than to increase wages.经理相信重要的是投资买新机器，而不是增加工资。

4、有些动词要求省掉to的不定式作宾语补语。

在Why 起首的疑问句中跟不带to的不定式：

Why not come with us? 为什么不跟我们一起来呢? =Why don’ t you come with us?

5、不定式作宾语而后面还有宾语补语时，常用it来代替不定式短语，而把真正作宾语的不定式短语放在补足语后面。常见的动词有：consider认为，feel觉得，find发现，make使，think认为，等等。例如：I think it best to go.我想最好走。

Do you consider it right to send our doctors over?

注意：hope希望，demand要求，suggest建议，这三个词不能跟不定式作宾补。

I hope that you’ll be happy.我希望你快乐。

I suggest that you take him seriously.我建议你要把他当回事。

I advise you not to take him seriously.我建议你不要把他当回事。

We demanded that they give us a definite answer.我们要求他们给个确切的答

(三)作定语。不定式短语作定语时，一般放在被修饰的词之后，有些名词的后面常用不定式作定语。常见的有：ability能力，agreement一致，协议，ambition抱负、野心，anxiety焦急，attempt试图，campaign战役，chance机会，claim声称，courage勇气，decision决定，determination决心，drive努力，eagerness殷切的心情，effort努力，failure失败，hope希望，intention目的意图，motive force动力，movement运动、协议，need需要，opportunity机会，plan计划，promise诺言，readiness乐意，refusal拒绝，reluctance勉强不愿，resolution决心，tendency倾向，right权力，struggle斗争，threat威胁，time时候，way方法，willingness愿意，wish希望。

与这些词相对应的形容词或动词常接动词不定式。如ability →be able to, refusal →refuse to 等。

作定语时不定式表示将要发生的动作。

There is not any one to save him.没有任何能救他的人。

He’s a not a man to tell lies.他不是那种撒谎的人。

(四)作表语。放在系动词之后。

To gamble is to commit suicide, but not to get rich.赌博就是自杀，而不是致富。To criticize others is to make enemies.批评别人就是树敌。

To do everything is to do nothing.什么都做等于什么也做不成。

(五)不定式短语和疑问词连用(who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how,还包括

whether)

(1)做主语。

例如：

Who to turn to is what she wants to know.找谁帮忙是她想知道的。

It’s problem what to do.干什么还是个问题。

How to be wealthy, healthy and happy will always remain a question mark.(2)做表语。例如：

The question is which to take first.问题是先拿哪一个。

What remains for you to explain is how to put the plan into practice and whose help to seek.剩下需要你解释的是怎样实施计划以及寻求谁的帮助。

The question is which of the methods to adopt.(3)作宾语，常用这一结构作宾语的动词有ask, consider, decide discuss, explain, forget, find out, guess, inquire, know, learn, remember, see(=understand), show, settle(=decide), tell(=know), think, understand, wonder等。

I’ve found out where to buy them cheaply.我发现了在哪里买这些东西便宜。

Do you remember when to switch off the machine?

有些双宾语及物动词，也可用这个结构做直接宾语。常用的有tell, inform, show, advise, ask, teach,等。如：

I showed her how to use the remote control.我向她演示怎样使用遥控器。

The salesman told him which switch to turn on first.(4)做定语。例句:

I must find a pen with which to fill in this form(=to fill in this form with).(六)作状语。不定式短语作状语，表示目的、原因、结果等。位置一般在句尾或句首。

(1)表示目的。如:

We waved flags, beat drums and blew bugles to encourage the players.为了强调，有时用in order to(为了)或so as to(以便)加动词原形，放在句首或句尾均可。例如;In order to improve my English, I read China Daily every day.有些不定式习惯用语放在句首或句尾，作独立成分。例如：

To be frank(with you), this is not satisfactory.老实(和你)说，这不令人满意。

To be fair, she is an honest girl.说句公道话，她是一个诚实的姑娘。

To tell you the truth, you are wrong..实话告诉你，你错了。

(2)表示原因。例如:

To hear him talk in that manner, you would think him a foreigner.不定式短语可以和表示情绪的形容词和过去分词连用，有时说明产生这种情绪的原因，有时不是说明原因，而是和形容词一起说明主语的情况。

常见的这类形容词和过去分词有：

able有能力的，afraid 害怕的，amazed 感到惊异的，angry生气的，anxious 急于的，astonished 感到惊讶的，careful小心的，certain有把握的，clever聪明的，comfortable舒服的，cruel残忍的，deep深的，delighted 高兴的，difficult有困难的，disappointed感到失望的，determined 有决心的，eager 急于的，easy容易的，fit 合适的，foolish 愚蠢的，fortunate 幸运的，free自由的，frightened感到害怕的，glad高兴的，good好的，happy幸福的，hard艰苦的，lucky 幸运的，overjoyed 高兴的，pleased高兴的，possible 可能的，proud 自豪的，ready 准备好的，relieved 感到轻松的，right正确的，sad悲伤的，shocked感到惊讶的，sorry难过的，sure 肯定的，surprised感到惊讶的，unable没能力的，useless没用的，willing 愿意的，worthy 值得的，wrong 错误的等。

He’ll be angry to hear these words.听到这些话他会生气的。

You’re lucky to have me as your teacher.有我当你们老师，你们很幸运。

He feels proud to be on the school football team.(3)不定式做结果状语只限于下面几个词：learn得知，find 发现，see 看见，hear 听见，to be told被告知，make 使得 等。only+不定式常表示出乎意料的结果。例如:

He hurried to the airport to learn that the flight had already taken off.(4)不定式还可以与“be said, be reported,…”等连用构成复合谓语。这一结构可变成“It’s said, It’s reported,…”(见被动语态部分)。如：

It’s reported that an explosion has happened and it’s known that three have been killed.(七)不定式的时态。动词不定式一般有三种时态形式，即一般式、进行式和完成式。

(1)一般式(to+动词原形)：表示与主句谓语动词动作同时(或几乎同时)发生或在主句谓语动词之后发生的事情。例如：

We’re happy to have you on our side.有你在我们这边我们很高兴。

I saw him go out.(2)进行式(to be+现在分词)：表示主句谓语的动作发生时，不定式动作正在进行。例如：

She’s said /believed to be living nearby.(3)完成式(to have+过去分词)：表示在主句谓语的动作之前发生的事情。

如：I’m glad to have met your parents here.我很高兴在这儿见到了你父母。

动词不定式的完成式和下列动词的过去时连用，表示过去没有实现的事情：plan, hope, expect, be, intend, mean, wish, 等。注意一定是它们的过去时。另外还有should/would like/love。这个结构表示“本打算/想/计划…”的意思。例如：

The game were to have taken place in Room

He planned to have gone abroad last week.(八)不定式的被动语态。当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。不定式的被动形式有两种：

一般式：to be+过去分词

完成式：to have been+过去分词

You’re lucky to have been accepted.你很幸运已经被接受了。

These criminals are to be hanged.这些罪犯是将被绞死的。

(九)为了避免重复，不定式可省略，但to有时保留，有时不保留。例如：

You will make it if you try(to).如果你努力，你会成功的。

George says he is going to leave Shanghai, but I don’t think he really wants to.George 说要离开上海，但是我不认为他真的愿意走。

后面常省略不定式而保留to的结构，还有：

used to常常 be going to 打算

mean to打算 ought to应该

plan to 计划 want to要想

(十)两个不定式由and, or, except, but, than 连接时，第二个可省略to，尤其是两个不定式紧密相连时。例如:

I intend to call on him and discuss this question again.We had nothing to do except(to)look at the posters outside the cinema.句子中but后面的不定式带不带to，取决于but前面的句子里含不含do，只要有与do/did有关的词(do作谓语，to do作定语等等)，but后面的不定式就省掉to。例如：

I can do nothing but go there alone.除了独自一个到那里去，我别无选择。

1.用动词不定式结构完成下列句子：

1)Let’s _______(早回家).→ go home early

2)I am going _____(问问题).→ to ask some questions

3)I’ve been hoping ______(会见格林先生)ever since I left school → to see Mr.Green

4)It is difficult ______(照顾这么多小娃娃).→ to look after so many babies

5)He likes _____(在月光下散步).→to walk in the moonlight

6)She is afraid ____(独自去).→ to go alone

7)I pretended ______(睡着了).→ to be asleep

8)I should like _____(今晚去看那个话剧).→to go to watch that drama tonight

9)Be careful ____(别着凉).→not to catch cold

10)Mr.Green seemed ____(越来越不喜欢他).→to dislike him more and more

11)It is too heavy _____(你搬不动).→for you to carry

12)You have to work hard ____(考试及格).→to pass the examination

13)Tom intends ____(找个新工作).→to look for a new job

14)What do you want ____(吃)? →to eat

15)I hate _____(这么早离开),but I am afraid ____(我不得不这么早离开).→to leave so early;I have to

16)The enemy soldiers refused ____(再战斗下去).→ To fight anymore

17)He decided _____(成为物理学家).→to become a physicist

18)The woman came out ____(看看在发生什么事).→to see what was happening

19)I mean _____(完成这个任务), one way or another.→to accomplish the task

20)He was planning _____(和她一起去).→to go with her

21)He seems _____(过去是个猎手).→to have been a hunter

22)I happened _____(看过这本书).→to have read the book

23)I happened ____(正挨着他站着)when he was shot.→to be standing next to him

24)The enemy is believed ____(已被击败).→to have been defeated

25)The teacher wanted the composition ______(当堂做完).→to be finished in class

26)He appears _____(是你的朋友)but I doubt if he is.→to be your friend

篇2：非谓语动词不定式

形式：不定式、分词、动名词。

I. 不定式

一、主语（体现名词特征）

To know the main facts is not enough.

It is a great pleasure to be here.

It made me happy to find Marry there.

Is it a good idea to go swimming today?

What fun it is to read Mark Twain’s book!

It’s important for us to master English.

It’s kind of you to say so.

二、表语（体现形容词特征）

To see is to believe.

To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.

My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.

Cf. I am to leave tomorrow.

You are to answer for it.

三、宾语（体现名词特征）

1.agree, ask, choose, decide, demand, determine, expect, hope, learn, like, love, long, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等后面可以接宾语不定式。

He agreed to smoke no more.

What did he say he wanted to do?

2.decide, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, see, wonder后可以接不定式特殊结构。

what to do.

where to go.

whom to ask.

I don’t know who to do it.

when to stop.

how to get there.

Which to choose.

从例句得出不定式特殊结构的规律：没有进行时态、没有被动语态、没有why.

四、宾补（体现形容词特征）此时宾语是不定式的逻辑主语。

1. 感觉动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe, listen to, look at。

Did you see him go out?

2. 表示“致使”等意思的动词have, let, make, advise, cause, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, invite, permit, persuade, teach, tell, want, warn等。注：有下划线的动词接省略to的不定式宾补。

I made him leave without any hesitation.

I can’t get her to talk.

3.心理状态的动词consider, declare, find, prove, believe, discover, feel, judge, suppose等。

We found him to be dishonest.(to be可以同时省略)

4.短语动词long for, would like, prepare for, wait for, call on等。

The Party has called on us to learn from Lei Feng.

五、定语（体现形容词特征）

It’s time to go to bed.

Have you anything to say for your self?

I have no wish to quarrel with you.

I’ve brought this chair to sit in.

You’ve given me much to think about.

He’s always the first to come and the last to leave.

六、状语（体现副词特征）

1.目的状语(句首或句末)

He was running to catch the bus.

She opened the door for the children to come in.

I took my shoes to be mended.

He went early in order/ so as not to miss the train.

(In order) To draw maps properly, you need a special pencil.

2.结果状语（句末）

She went abroad, never to return.

Would you be so kind as to lend me some money?

He is such as fool as to think he is right there.

The ice is thick enough to walk on.

That’s much too heavy for you to lift.

She woke up early to find it was raining.

I got to the station only to be told the train had gone.

3.原因状语（句末）

He laughed to see such fun.

She seemed surprised to meet us.

I pretended to be happy to know him.(原因)

I pretended to be happy to stop my mother from worrying.(目的)

原因不定式与目的不定式的区别：（1）如果不定式前可以加上in order或，就是目的状语；（2）如果表示目的不定式结构表示的动作后于谓语动词的动作；如果表示原因，不定式结构表示的动作先于谓语动词的动作。

*关于不定式与形容词搭配

A．句子的主语是不定式结构的逻辑主语。

（1） 表示喜怒哀乐的形容词angry, glad, happy, proud, sorry, thankful, astonished, delighted, disappointed, excited, interested, moved, pleased, satisfied, surprised, worried等；

He was delighted to see his old friend again.

（2） 表示运气的形容词lucky, fortunate等；

We are lucky to make such a good friend.

（3） 表示心理状态、个人态度的形容词afraid, anxious, determined, eager, free, ready, willing, prepared, able, disable等；

She was afraid to go out at night.

(4) 表示可能性、确定性的形容词likely, certain, sure;

*He is likely to see Marry.= He will probably see Marry.

=It is likely that he will see Marry.

*She’s certain to do well in the exam.= She will certainly do well in the exam.

= It is certain that she will do well in the exam.

*James was sure to need help.= James will surely need help.

=James will need help, that’s sure.

(5)表示性格特征、行为表现的形容词brave, clever, cruel, foolish, good, honest, kind, lazy, modest, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, wise等；

John was careless to break the cup.

=It was careless of John to break the cup.

转换成由how引导的感叹句时，it is/was常省略，如上句：

How careless of John to break the cup!

B．句子的主语是不定式结构的逻辑宾语。

（1）能转换的

Mary is easy to teach.

=To teach Mary is easy.

=It is easy to teach Mary.

Mary is easy for you to teach.

=It is easy for you to teach Mary.

=For you to teach Mary is easy.

Mary is an easy pupil for you to teach.

=Mary is a pupil easy for you to teach.

这类句型中的形容词通常为cheap, dangerous, difficult, easy, expensive, impossible, funny, interesting, pleasant, hard, important, improper, nice, splendid, strange, useful等。

如果不定式为不及物动词，则要加上介词或副词，如：

Mary is pleasant to talk to.

Foreign countries are often exciting to go to.

（2）不能转换的

The coffee is bitter to taste.

The grass is very smooth to walk on.

This map is clear to read.

These cookies are tasty to eat.

注意：不定式有时用被动语态与主动语态没有区别，如：

This is too important a matter to leave/ to be left until tomorrow.

These books are not strong enough to use/ to be used as a platform.

篇3：非谓语动词——动词不定式

动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,有时不能带to。它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但它具有名词、形容词、副词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语,它可以有自己的宾语和状语,并和其一起构成不定式短语,不定式的否定形式是在to前加not。

Please tell Tom to come here on time tomorrow.

The doctor asked her not to eat too much meat.

一、不定式作主语

To keep the environment clean is our duty.

在日常英语中,特别是当主语较长而谓语较短时,常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语——动词不定式放在句子后面,避免头重脚轻。

It is good for our health to drink more water every day.

二、不定式作宾语

常用在及物动词want,begin,decide,forget,hope, like,learn等的后面。

I want to buy a computer.

He decided to give up smoking.

不定式后面有宾语补足语时,可用先行词it作形式宾语,把真正的不定式宾语后置。动词后能接复合宾语的有: think, find, believe, suppose, make等。由于宾语和宾补有逻辑上的主谓关系,所以有时候将宾语和宾补换成从句的形式。

He found it difficult to learn English well.

=He found that it’s difficult to learn English well.

三、不定式作宾语补足语

1.动词 ask,tell,want,teach,allow等后跟带to的动词不定式作宾补。

The teacher asked us to do Exercise 1.

The policeman told the children not to play football in the street.

2.使役动词(let,make,have)和感官动词(feel,see, watch,notice,hear)后跟不带to的不定式。

The boss made the workers work twelve hours a day.

感官动词后既可跟不定式也可跟现在分词,它们的区别是:用不定式表示动作的全过程或经常性、习惯性的动作:用现在分词表示当时正在进行的动作。

I saw the boy climb the wall.(我看见小孩爬墙了)

I saw the boy climbing the wall.(我看见小孩在爬墙)

3.不带to的不定式在被动结构中,必须带上to。

She is often heard to sing in the next room.

The boy was made to stand in the classroom.

四、不定式作表语

一般紧跟在be,get,seem等系动词的后面,用于说明主语。

My wish is to be a doctor.

The maths teacher seemed to be angry.

五、不定式作定语

不定式作定语时与所修饰的名词或复合不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系,要放在所修饰的词后面。

I have a lot of things to do today.

He needs some paper to write on.

六、不定式作状语

动词不定式具有副词的功能,修饰动词、形容词和副词,用作目的、原因、结果、条件等状语。当表示目的时,为了更突出,可将不定式放在前面。

They will go to the station to meet the guests.

To catch the early bus, he got up early.

七、不定式和疑问词连用

该结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。

He didn’t tell me what to do next.

He didn’t tell me how to do it.

篇4：假考非谓语动词、实考谓语动词

非谓语动词是高考英语中的必考重点内容，同学们在平时的练习中也做了大量的非谓语动词练习，久而久之，同学们容易滋生思维定势，把一些实际上是考查谓语动词的试题也误选为非谓语动词。下面笔者把高考试题中容易误选为非谓语动词但实考谓语动词的类型做个小结，以期对同学们的学习有所帮助。

类型一：祈使句中的谓语动词

祈使句是省略了主语的一类句子。认清祈使句也是破解选择谓语的重要手段之一。因此，一定要掌握标志性的连词and，or，otherwise及破折号、逗号和冒号的功能。

例1.Mary，______ here—everybody else，stay where you are.(2006全国卷I)

A.come B.comes

C.to come D.coming

解析：从后面的破折号可知，破折号前后是并列分句。Mary之后有逗号，可见不是主语，而是呼语。第一分句是带上了呼语的祈使句，故用动词原形作谓语。答案为A。

例2.There are 8 tips in Dr.Rogers lecture on sleep，and one of them：______ to bed early unless you think it is necessary.(2004 重庆卷)

A.doesnt go B.not to go

C.not going D.dont go

解析：从句中连词and及标点符号冒号可知，空格处为祈使句。如果此句不是冒号，而是is，则答案为非谓语动词作表语。本题正确答案为D。

类型二：并列句中谓语动词

一个句中通常不能出现两个(或以上)的谓语动词，但是如果句中有连词and，or，but，so等，则可以有并列谓语。

例3： At last，we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and______ down to eat our picnic lunch.

(2005上海卷)

A.sitting B.having sat

C.to sit D.sat

解析：答案选 D。由句中的 and 可知，此句为并列结构，空格处填 sat，与其前的谓语动词 found 并列。

例4.______ straight on and youll see a church.You wont miss it.(2004 湖北卷)

A.Go B.Going

C.If you go D.When going

解析：从句中“and youll see”的暗示可知，前一分句为祈使句，答案选A。

类型三：对话答语中省略主语的谓语动词

在会话中，答语者往往为了突出要表达的主要词语而常常会省略次要的或与前面重复的词语。有一部分考题正是以对话形式出现，在答语中设置空缺。其解题方法是：把答语带入到问语中，如果是对问语的某一部分进行回答或是整个答语的某一部分，则用非谓语动词；而如果根据语境另外出现了一个新句子，只是省略了主语的则要用谓语动词。

例5.—I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend.

—______good.(2006 湖北卷)

A.Sound B.Sounded

C.Sounding D.Sounds

解析：根据语境，答语应该是：It (that we can go skiing on the weekend) sounds good，这是一个省略了主语的答语，应选谓语动词。答案选D。

例6.—What should I do with this passage?

—______the main idea of each paragraph.(2005 重庆卷)

A.Finding out B.Found out

C.Find out D.To find out

解析：答案选 C。此题是 You should find out ...的省略。

类型四：句中带有插入语的谓语动词

该类题的设题特点是主语和谓语之间插入其他成分或句子来迷惑考生而误选非谓语动词。

例7.The country life he was used to____greatly since 1992.(2005 山东卷)

A.change B.has changed

C.changing D.have changed

解析：此题容易受插入的定语从句的影响而误选C，但是仔细分析句子结构后可知此题是(that) he was used to作定语，修饰先行词The country life。而主句缺谓语，所以该排除选项C。又因为时间状语since 1992可知时态该用现在完成时；再加上主语是The country life，所以本题正确答案为B。

例8.Professor Smith，along with his assistants，______ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.(2005 上海卷)

A.work B.working

C.is working D.are working

解析：通过分析句子的成分可知along with his assistant为插入语。本题缺少谓语动词，所以先排除非谓语动词选项B。 又从题意“他们正日以继日的工作”可知时态该用现在进行时；又因为主语是Professor Smith，所以答案C为正确选项。

【巩固练习】

1.______ the website of the Fire Department in your city，and you will learn a lot about firefighting.

A.Having searched B.To search

C.Searching D.Search

2.______ him enough time to get home before you telephone.

A.Give B.To give

C.Giving D.Given

3.To test eggs，______ them in a bowl of water： if they float，theyre bad；if they sink，theyre good.

A.put B.putting

C.to put D.to be putting

4.Ive never seen anyone run so fast—______David go.

A.just watch

B.just to watch

C.just watching

D.just having watched

5.Stanley，______ hello to your nephew.

A.come and say B.comes and says

C.to come and say D.coming and saying

6.Dont stand out there in the cold—______in here and get warm.

A.come B.comes

C.to come D.coming

7.Before you send the letter，______ with Bill to see if the address is right.

A.check B.to check

C.checking D.checked

8.If they dont understand it the first time， ______over it again until they do.

A.go B.to go

C.going D.to be going

9.If youre going on a long car journey， ______sure the vehicles are in good condition.

A.making B.to make

C.make D.having made

10.______ your hand over your mouth when you cough.

A.Put B.Putting

C.To put D.To be putting

11.______ the road along and youll find his house on the right.

A.Follow B.Following

C.To be following D.Having followed

12.Hoping he would not be seen，Bob rushed in，______ his book and rushed out.

A.picking up B.pick up

C.to pick up D.picked up

13.______ right away or youll miss the first train.

A.Start out B.Starting out

C.To start out D.Started out

14.______ good care of the vegetables so that they can remain fresh.

A.Take B.Taken

C.Having taken D.Taking

15.______ from the top of the building，and youll find the city more beautiful.

A.Look B.To look

C.Looking D.Looked

16.______ some of this juice—perhaps youll like it.

A.Trying B.Try

C.To try D.Having tried

17.Dont be discouraged.______ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.

A.Taking B.To take

C.Take D.Taken

18.______，so she had to be sent to the hospital.

A.Being ill

B.Her mother was ill

C.Her mother being ill

D.Having been ill

19.______ many times，but he still didnt understand it.

A.Having been told

B.Though he was told

C.To have been told

D.He was told

20.First______ the rice by washing it，then ______ it in boiling water.

A.prepare；cook B.preparing；cooking

C.preparing；cook D.prepare；cooking

21.She cycled too fast round the corner， ______ her balance and______ off.

A.losing；falling B.lost；fell

C.losing；fell D.lost；falling

22.She set out soon after dark______ home an hour later.

A.arriving B.to arrive

C.having arrived D.and arrived

23.______ along the quiet road at forty miles an hour，and then an old man suddenly started to cross the road in front of me.

A.Driving

B.I was driving

C.Having driven

D.When I was driving

24.______ money if you can and many poor children in the poor mountainous areas will be able to go back to school.

A.Having given B.Given

C.To give D.Give

25.—Id like to take a weeks holiday. —______it.Were just too busy.

A.Forget B.Forgetting

C.Forgets D.Forgot

26.—Then lets have fish，beef with ____ tomatoes and a soup.OK? —______nice.

A.Sound B.Sounded

C.Sounding D.Sounds

27.—Each of the students，working hard at ____ his or her lessons，______ to go to ____ university. —So do I.

A.hope B.hopes

C.hoping D.hoped

28.The girl______ forward to buying a new diamond ring.

A.referred to looks

B.refers to looking

C.referred to looking

D.referring to look

29.—We havent heard from Jane for a long ____time. —What do you suppose______ to her?

A.was happening B.to happen

C.has happened D.having happened

30.The day we had looked forward to______ at last.

A.coming B.come

C.came D.comes

参考答案：

1-5 DAAAA 6-10 AAACA

11-15 ADAAA 16-20 BCBDA

篇5：非谓语动词不定式

1．定义：具有名词、形容词及副词性质并具有时态、语态变化。

2．形式：（以do为例）

主动语态

被动语态 一般时

to do

to be done 进行时

to be doing 完成时

to have done

to have been done 完成进行时

to have been doing

3．用法：

（1）用作主语：

To speak good English is not easy.or: It is not easy to speak good English.（采用形式主语 it 以避免头重脚轻）It took me an hour to do the work.（2）用作宾语：

She decided to take the examination.I hope to meet him soon.（3）宾语补足语：

They expected us to help them.Hewants his son to study hard.金牌重点：

不定式作宾补，如谓语动词是感官动词，使役性动词（see, hear, notice, watch, make, have, let...），则不定式符号“to”须省略，但在被动语态中不能省。I heard them sing in the classroom.I made her clean the room.The girl is heard to sing an English song.（4）用作表语： To teach is to learn.His job is to sell cars.（5）用作状语，表示目的，结果：

We come to school to study English.（目的）

= in order to I hurried to the store, only to find it closed.（结果）

（6）定语：不定式短语作定语须位于名词之后。He asked for a piece of paper to write it on.= to write it on the piece of paper.The poor man has no house to live in.= to live in the house.Have you anything to do?

= to do anything

4．不定式的时态意义：

She seems to dance very well.（现在情况）

She seems to be dancing in the dancing hall.（正在进行）She seems to have danced well.（过去情况）

Has was happy to have been staying with his uncle.（动作持续一段时间）

5．不定式语态：

The doctor [wrecommend]recommended[/w] him to air the room.The doctor recommended the room to be aired.She expects the police to find her bicycle.She expects her bicycle to be found by the police.She felt a bit puzzled as he had asked her such a question.She felt a bit puzzled to have been asked such a question.6．不定式否定形式：not to do...He got up early in order not to miss the train.测试精编

1.Did you find out ________ the pie out of oven? A.to take

B.have taken

C.when to take

D.being taken

2.You would be irritated if you watched the mail ________ on your desk every day.A.putting up

B.to be put up

C.to pile up

D.pile up

3.We shall set Jim ________ the passage.A.explaining

B.explained

C.to explain

D.explain

4.In fact, she would rather leave for San Francisco ________ in Los Angeles.A.tostay

B.than stay

C.than staying

D.than have stayed

5.Madame Curies is believed ________ the radium.A.discovering

B.having discovered

C.to have discovered

D.to discover

（后设答案，大家不要偷看哦~(*^__^*)嘻嘻„„）

KEYS

1.C

2.D

3.C

4.B

篇6：非谓语动词

1.There ______ no classes yesterday, we paid a visit to the Great Wall.A.wasB.beingC.wereD.had been

2.The policeman rushed into the room only ______ an old lady lying on the ground.A.foundB.findC.findingD.to find

3.The boy lay on the ground, his eyes ______ and his hands ______.A.closing;tremblingB.closed;trembling

C.closed;trembledD.closing;trembled

4.______, the girls raced on to the second runners.A.Stick in handB.With a stick in her hand

C.Sticks in handD.Sticks in hands

5.Each of them got up early ______ to catch the early bus.A.to hopeB.hopingC.so thatD.and

6.How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!

A.hearingB.heardC.hearD.to hear

7.We should prevent pollution ______ happily.A.from livingB.livingC.to livingD.to live

8.I am busy now, so I can’t help ______ the machine.A.repairB.to have repairedC.repairingD.fixing

9.Jane came very close ______ a gold medal for Britain in the Olympics.A.to winB.winningC.to winningD.to be won

10.The boy seated himself in the corner with his back ______ to his father.A.turningB.to turnC.to be turnedD.turned

11.----By the way, when did you get your bedroom ______?

----Last week.A.to paintB.paintedC.paintingD.to be painted

12.He likes ______, but he doesn’t like ______ today because it is too cold.A.to swim;to swimB.swimming;swimming

C.to swim;swimmingD.swimming;to swim

13.There is ______ what the weather will be like.A.not knowingB.no knowingC.not knowD.no known

14.The novel is said ______ into many languages.A.to translateB.being translated

C.to have been translatedD.having been translated

15.I’m examining the composition he has just finished ______ the possible mistakes in it.A.correctingB.to correctC.correctedD.correct

16.They would not allow him ______ across the enemy line.A.to risk goingB.risking to go

C.for risk to goD.risk going

17.He spent as much time as he could _____ the child.A.teachingB.to teachC.teachD.for teaching

18.----Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?

----I ______, but I had an unexpected visitor.A.hadB.wouldC.was going toD.did

19.How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!

A.hearingB.to hearC.heardD.hear

20.______ the room, a letter was laid on the ground.A.EnteringB.Having entered

C.He enteredD.Mrs Green entering

21.They set out ______ for the ______ boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lost

C.to search;lostD.to search;missed

22.______ her mother had come, her face lit up.A.HearingB.Having heard

C.When hearingD.When she heard

23.They arrived at their university very late, ______ the gate closely shut.A.foundB.to findC.findD.finding

24.----Do you have anything more ______, sir?

----No.You can have a rest or do something else.A.typingB.to be typedC.typedD.to type

25.The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.A.to be informedB.on informing C.informedD.informing

26.With a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the time.A.to settleB.settlingC.settledD.being settled

27.Will those ______ the children from abroad come to the headmaster’s office?

A.teachingB.teachC.who teachesD.who teaching

28.After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A.being interviewedB.interviewed

C.interviewingD.having interviewed

29.They apologized for ______ to attend the meeting.A.their not being ableB.their being not able

C.them not ableD.them being able not

30.They would not allow him ______ across the enemy line.A.to risk goingB.risking to go C.for risk to goD.risk going

31.______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may produce variants(变异

体)of genes in human bodies.A.Being exposedB.Having exposed

C.ExposedD.After being exposed

32.China became the 143rd member of the World Trade Organization on December 11, 2001, thus ______ its 15-year wish to join the global trade body.A.having realizedB.realizedC.realizingD.to realize

33.Tom looked at Jenny, tears ______ his eyes, and shouted out the words ______ in his heart for years.A.filling;having hiddenB.filled;hidden

C.filling;hiddenD.filled;hiding

34.They apologized for ______ to attend the meeting.A.their not being ableB.their being not able

C.them not ableD.them being able not

35.Which will you enjoy ______ your vacation, traveling abroad or working in the countryside?

A.to spendB.spendC.spendingD.spent

36.----Will you please tell us how you can seize the robbers?

----I will spend a whole week ______ in your room to wait for their coming.A.lockingB.to lockC.lockedD.being locked

37.I regret ______ you that they are unable to come to your wedding tomorrow.A.informingB.having informed

C.to have been informedD.to inform

38.He wondered if he could slip out of the lecture hall without anyone ______.A.noticingB.noticedC.to noticeD.being noticed

39.After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A.being interviewedB.interviewed

C.interviewingD.having interviewed

40.He spoke in such a high voice ______ out in the street.A.as to be heardB.to be heardC.as to hearD.to hear

41.As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be set up in every town ______ 50 households or more.A.havingB.to haveC.to have hadD.having had

42.The building project ______ next year is, I think, not easy ______ in time.A.being carried out;to complete B.carried out;to be completed

C.to be carried out;to complete D.to be carried out;to be completed

43.The reason ______ she gave for not coming to the party is that her mother wouldn’t allow her to.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.because

44.Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the Grand Hotel? I thought it was on this corner, but I seem to ______ a mistake.A.makeB.be makingC.having made D.have made

45.----Here’s a new pair of shoes for you.----Thank you, but there’s no need ______ a new pair for me.A.to have boughtB.to buyC.buyingD.to be buying

46.What worried the boy most was ______ to visit his father in the hospital.A.his not allowingB.his not being allowed

C.having not been allowedD.his being not allowed

47.To do a bit for the motherland, ______.A.working hard is necessary

B.to learn a foreign language is needed

C.it is important to master science

D.one should serve the people whole-heartedly

48.Everything ______ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.A.to takeB.takenC.to be takenD.taking

49.The officials discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next month.A.carry outB.carrying outC.to carry outD.carried out

50.With a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the time.A.to settleB.settlingC.settledD.being settled

51.----Do you have anything more ______, sir?

----No, you can have a rest or do something else.A.typingB.to be typedC.typedD.to type

52.The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.A.to be informedB.on informingC.informedD.informing

答案：

1------5BDBAB6------10DDACD 11------15BDBCB16------20AACBD 21------25CDDBC26------30AAAAA 31------35ACCAA

41------45ACADA

51-----55BC