初二动词不定式练习题

初二动词不定式练习题（精选6篇）

篇1：初二动词不定式练习题

Infinitives 动词不定式

教学目标：

1.掌握动词不定式的几种形式

2.掌握动词不定式在句子中可以作什成分

3.掌握动词不定式用法/功能 4.掌握运用动词不定式注意事项 教学难点：动词不定式用法

教学方法：通过放映幻灯片，教师讲解，学生思考，最后总结的方法来实现本课的教学任务。

教学过程：

Step1.出示幻灯片让学生了解动词不定式的几种形式 1.动词不定式的基本形式

 to + 动词原形



有时可以不带to(秃头不定式）2.动词不定式的否定形式 not/never + to do not/never + do 3.不定式的逻辑主语

It’s good for you to do morning exercises.The question is too difficult for us to answer.It’s too dark for me to see anything in the room.It’s very kind of you to think of the others.如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不定式前加一个for(of)引起的短语。介词for(of)的宾语叫不定式的逻辑主语。

Step2.请学生思考：动词不定式在句子中可以作什成分？ 学生得出结论：

1.作 主语 2.作宾语

3.作宾语补足语 4.作定语 5.作状语 5.作状语 6.作表语

7.与疑问词等连用

Step3.出示幻灯片让学生根据总结结果加强记忆。Step4.讨论动词不定式用法/功能，并总结：(1).作主语

To see is to believe.It’s exciting to surf on the Internet

作主语的不定式如果很短，通常位于句首；若不定式（短语）较长时，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语（即动词不定式）放在后面以避免头重脚轻。(2)宾语

I want to go home.The workers decided to get better pay.I found it necessary to talk to him again.常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有： want, hope, wish, refuse, learn, would like, choose, decide, agree, pretend, expect, plan …

He found it very difficult to get to sleep 不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式”结构。感官动词和使役动词等后接不定式作宾补 时，需省to。但在被动语态中要还帽子。The boss makes them work 15 hours a day.I saw the accident happen yesterday.He was made to do his work(by me).(3).宾补

The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.He often helps me(to)repair my bike.常用动词不定式作宾补的动词有： tell, ask, want, warn, wish, allow, encourage, expect, teach, help(4).定语

I have something to say.He has a lot of homework to do.He is looking for a room to live in.There is nothing to worry about.动词不定式若在句中作定语，常放在被修 饰的名词或代词后。如果不定式中的动词 是不及物动词,则要带上与之搭配的介词，构成及物动词短语。(5)状语

He got up early to catch the train.Let’s stop to have a rest.I’m very happy to see you.He’s too young to go to school.She is old enough to dress herself 动词不定式作状语主要用来表示目的，原因，或结果等。(6).表语

My job is to help the patient.Your task is to clean the classroom.不定式可以放在be动词后，形成表语。(7)与疑问词连用

He didn’t know what to say.(宾语)

How to solve the problem is very important.(主语)

My question is when to start.(表语)不定式与疑问词who, which, when, how, what

等连用，形成带疑问词的不定式。在句中起名

词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。

在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。

Why do sth.? Why not do sth.? Step5出示幻灯片让学生注意几个易错点。

1.有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同：

remember to do

记住要做某事；

remember doing 记得曾经做过某事

forget to do

忘记要做某事

forget doing

忘记曾经做过某事

stop to do

停下来去做某事

stop doing

停止做某事

go on to do

继续做另一件事

go on doing

继续做原来在做的事 I remember seeing you somewhere before.我记得以前在哪儿见过你。

Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.离开时请记得关好灯。I forgot to tell her about it.我忘记告诉她这件事。I forgot telling her about it.我忘记了曾把这件事告诉过她。

2.感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补，也可跟v-ing作宾补，前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表示动作正在进行。I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。（说明他下楼了这件事）I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。（说明他下楼时的情景）I heard someone calling me.I heard my name called.Step6.通过练习来加强学生对本课知识的掌握。

Fill in each blank with the proper word from the brackets: 1.Mike wants ________(go)to a park on Sunday.2.The teacher often tells us ___________(not be)late.3.My brother is too young ________(join)the army.4.It takes me an hour _____(do)my homework every day.5.Do you have anything _________(say)?

6.His parents often make him _______(do)a lot of exercises.7.He took lessons _________(learn)how _________(sing).8.Mother told him ___________(not play)football in the street.9.I’m very glad ____________(pass)the exam.10.Your skirt is nice.Let me _________(have)a look.11.The students were made ___________(copy)the text three times.12.You’d better ________(not go)there because it is dark.13.I have a lot of homework _________(do)every day.14.The little boy likes _____________________(answer)

questions.15.Would you like __________(join)us? 16.Mr.Wang taught me ___________(play)basketball.17.My watch needs _______________________(repair).18.I find it important ________(learn)English well.19.It is difficult ______________(answer)this question.20.Yesterday I saw the accident _________(happen).21.The important thing is __________(save)lives.22.I often help my mother ____________(do)housework.23.We often hear Mary ___________(sing)in her room.24.We are tired.Let’s stop ____________(have)a rest.25.It’s very kind of you __________(think)so much of us.26.It’s easy for me ____________(repair)the bike.27.There is nothing ___________(worry)about.28.I am rich enough ____________(buy)a car.29.Why not __________(go)with me? 30.Don’t forget _________(close)the door when you leave.Correct the mistakes: 1.The man was tired enough to stop having a rest.2.What words can you use describe the beautiful scene? 3.The teacher told us to not make so much noise.4.They are often seen play on the playground.5.You’d better not to go out alone at night.6.I want to find a chair to sit.7.It’s very nice for you to help me.8.It’s good of you to do morning exercises.9.He found this difficult to learn Japanese.10.I often hear him singing in the next room.11.He needs seeing a doctor.

篇2：初二动词不定式练习题

动词不定式：（to）+ do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。

一、不定式的形式：

主 动 被 动

一般式 to do to be done

进行式 to be doing /

完成式 to have done to have been done

完成进行式 to have been doing /

否定式：not /never + (to) do

二、不定式的句法功能：

1.作主语：

eg.)To make a speech here is an honor.

To lose heart means failure.

动词不定式短语作主语时，常用形式主语it作形式主语，如上两句可用如下形式：

It is an honor to make a speech here.

It means failure to lose heart.

常用结构：

It+be+ adj./n.+ for sb. to do sth.

It+be+ adj. + of sb. to do sth. =sb. be + adj. + to do sth.

(常见形容词:clever, silly, foolish, stupid, wise, kind, rude, impolite, careless, cruel, crazy, etc.)

Eg.)It’s necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English.

It is foolish of you to make such a mistake.=You are foolish to make such a mistake.

2.作表语：

eg.)Her wish is to become a novelist.

He appears to have caught a cold.

不定式一般紧跟在系动词如be, seem, remain, appear等后面,用来说明主语的内容。这类结构中的主语一般为名词，如：idea, purpose, hope, plan, intention, wish, dream, etc.

eg.) My purpose is to teach them a lesson.

有时句子主语也可以是不定式或名词性从句。

Eg.) To be strict with students is to be responsible to them.

What I want to do is (to )tell you the truth.

如果主语中含有do的任何形式, 那么不定式可以省去to.

Eg.) The only thing he could do was ( to) tell the truth.

比较:

A组: Sth.+be +不定式(作表语)---表示主语的具体内容

Sth.+be +不定式(作表语)---表示时态(将来时)

Eg.)He is to tidy up the room.

His plan is to tidy up the room.

B组:动名词和不定式在句中作表语的区别:

1. 一般情况下,区别不大,可通用

eg.) Seeing is believing.

=To see is to believe.

2. 动名词表示的动作较抽象、或是习惯性的, 而不定式表示某次具体的动作.

Eg.)My job is typing papers.

My job now is to type these papers.

3.作宾语：

A. 动词+ to不定式

常见动词: hope, wish, long, want, refuse, pretend, promise, agree, aim, decide, expect, offer, fail, plan, learn, manage, intend, desire, etc.

eg.) I longed to become an artist.

He helped (to) bring up the orphan.

B.动词+(间接宾语)+疑问词+ to不定式

常见动词: know, decide, wonder, learn, remember, understand, find out, etc.

eg.) I don’t know what to say to comfort her.

The farmer showed us how to milk the cow.

C.动词+ it+宾语补足语+( for sb.)+ to不定式：

常见动词:find, consider, think, make, feel, etc.

eg.) Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.

I think it important for you to recite some English articles.

D.介词but, except后可接to不定式作宾语。

注意句中谓语或非谓语部分含有do，那么不定式可省去to

eg.)Seeing the room crowded, I had no choice but to stand in the dark.

Seeing the room crowded, I could do nothing but stand in the dark.

4.作宾语补足语：

A. 动词/动词词组+宾语+to不定式

常见动词: want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, allow, permit, help, advise, persuade, cause, force, warn, invite, urge, encourage, prepare, call on, would like, wait for, etc.

eg.)I got them to join us in the discussion.

They are waiting for the school bus to come.

B. 动词+宾语+不带to的不定式

常用动词: feel (一感) ; hear, listen to(二听); make, let, have(三让); see, watch, observe, notice, look at(五看) ;help (半帮助,可带to或不带to)etc. 但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to.

Eg.) I saw him cross the road.

He was seen to cross the road.

比较: I saw him crossing the road.

He was seen _____the road.

I saw him carried downstairs.

He was seen ____ downstairs.

5.作定语：(考点集中在动词不定式与被修饰词的逻辑关系的判断上)

A.与被修饰名词构成动宾关系：

Eg.) I have a meeting to attend.

He found a good house to live in. (如果不定式是vi，其后应有适当的介词.)

如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词：

eg.)He has no place to live.

This is the best way to work out this problem.

注意如果句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语,不定式就用被动语态表示。比较:

I am going to the post office, for I have a letter to post.

I am going to the post office, do you have any letter to be posted?

B. 与被修饰名词构成主谓关系：

Eg.)He is the right person to do that job.

He is the first to get here.

注意不定式+介词修饰名词也可以转换成介词+关系代词（whom或which）+不定式。

Eg.) Mary is a nice companion to travel with.

Mary is a nice companion with whom to travel.

I got a piece of paper to write on.

I got a piece of paper on which to write.

C．说明所修饰名词的内容：

Eg.) We have made a plan to finish the work.

Jane expressed a wish to earn her own living.

6.作状语：

A.表目的：

Eg.) He worked day and night to pay off the debt .

She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.

注意不定式逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：

To save money, every means has been tried. (×)

To save money, he has tried every means. (√)

= He has tried every means in order to/so as to save money.

= In order to save money, he has tried every means.

B.表结果：

Eg.)I visited him only to find him out.

Would you be so kind as to tell me the way to the garden Hotel?

His behavior is such as to make his friends angry.

The patient is strong enough to walk about.

too…to…结构

Eg.)It’s too dark for us to see anything.

The question is too simple for him to answer.

注：对少数几个表示心情或倾向的形容词，如：glad, ready, pleased, willing, anxious, happy, satisfied, etc.用于too…to…结构时表示肯定意义。

eg.)They were too anxious to leave.

I am only/but too glad to do you the favor.

C.表原因：

Eg.)They were very excited to hear the news that their team had won the game.

7.作插入语和同位语：

常见插入语:to tell (you) the truth/to be frank; truth to tell实不相瞒;to start/begin with; to conclude; to make matter worse; to be more exact确切地讲;to make a long story short长话短说，简而言之;to be fair公平地说，凭心而论;to be sure肯定地，毫无疑问地;

eg.)To tell (you) the truth, I don’t like the way _______he talked.

To make matter worse/___ ____, the computer broke down.

We have made a plan to finish the work.

Her wish to be an air hostess has never come true.

三、不定式的时态:

1.一般式－(to)+动原：不定式的一般式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后。

Eg.)The policeman made the thief stand in the corner.

The play is said to be made into a film soon.

2.进行式－to be+现分：不定式的进行式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词动作同时发生。(seem, appear, happen, pretend等动词的结构中)

Eg.)The boy pretended to be working hard.

=The boy pretended that he was working hard.

He seems to be reading in his study.

=It seems that he is reading in his study.

3.完成式－to have +过分：不定式的完成式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词动作之前.

eg.)I regretted to have told a lie.

I happened to have seen the film.

The novel is said to have been translated into several foreign languages.

=It is said that the novel has been translated into several foreign languages.

比较: I must be off now. I am pleased to have met/meeting you all.(分手告别时)

Pleased to meet you, Mr. Cook.(初次见面时)

四、不定式的语态:

主动式和被动式

A. 如不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者, 不定式需用被动语态－to be +过分

eg.) He dislikes to be praised in public.

The only animal to be seen in the desert was the camel.

B. 主动的形式表示被动:

①句中存在不定式的逻辑主语, 构成逻辑上的主谓关系：

eg.) The master gave his dog a few bones to eat.

I have a lot of papers to type.

(比较:I am free now. Do you have any papers to be typed?)

②在“形容词+不定式”结构中, 如不定式与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,那么不定式多用主动语态.

常见形容词：hard, difficult, easy, fit, cheap, expensive, interesting, etc.

Eg.) The water is fit to drink.

The couch is comfortable to sit on.=It is comfortable to sit on the couch.

The sentence is easy _____ (explain). =It is________

The tea is bitter _______(taste).

③在there be结构中,倾向于用不定式主动语态表示被动意义.

Eg.) There is always much work to do in the house.

④下列句子惯用不定式主动语态.

Eg.) The house is to let/to be let. 这房子待出租。

He is not to blame. 他不该受责备。

但在be + to不定式以及be likely to结构中，如果主语是不定式所表示的承受者，那么不定式仍须用被动语态。

Eg.) The collection of poems is to be published within a year.

The results of the exams remain to be seen.

He is likely to be made monitor of our class.=It is likely that he is made ….

五、不定式的否定式： not/never + (to ) 不定式

eg.) They hurried along in order not to be late.

The boy promised never to play truant again.

六、不定式的省略与保留：保留to,省略do动词。

Ⅰ.不定式符号的省略与保留:

1. 在had better, would rather, would rather…than…, would sooner…than…, cannot but, why (not) 等结构后面的不定式符号to通常被省略。如:

eg.) You’d better tell her the truth.

2. 动词不定式短语作介词but, except, besides的宾语，且介词之前有行为动词do或其它形式时，不定式符号to通常被省略。

Eg.) What do you like to do besides swim?

My mother could do nothing but wait for the doctor to arrive.

Now he had given himself no choice but to tell her.

3. 两个或多个不定式短语表示并列关系时，后面不定式短语的不定式符号to通常被省略；如果表示对比关系，则不定式符号to通常保留。

eg.) They didn’t tell me whether to go on or to stop. （对比关系）

She told the child to stay there and wait till she came back. （并列关系）

4．在某些感官动词或使役动词（如：hear，listen to， notice，observe， see， watch， make等）之后充当宾语补足语

的不定式中，不定式符号to总是被省略， 但在被动语态的句子中，不定式符号to通常保留。

Eg.) They made that man work all the morning.

That man was made to work all the morning.

5.不定式短语作表语，不定式符号to通常保留，但当what引导的名词性从句作主语，或all，everything等后接定语从句作主语，从句谓语部分含有动词do 或do的其他形式时，作表语的不定式可以保留也可省略不定式符号to。

eg.) The greatest happiness is to work for the happiness of all.

The only thing I can do is (to) go on y myself.

II.不定式符号后面动词的省略与保留

1.为了避免重复，在hope， wish， want， like， love，decide， mean， prefer， have to， be able to， be going to， used to， ought to等动词及习语后面出现与上文相同的不定式时，常保留不定式符号to，而把其它部分省略。

Eg.) Ms King lied to us because she had to.

2.当不定式在ask, advise, persuade, wish, allow, permit, tell, expect, force, invite, beg等动词后面充当宾语补足语时, 为了避免重复, 常保留不定式符号to，而把后面的动词省略.

eg.) She wants to come , but her parents won’t allow her to.

If he doesn’t want to go there, don’t force him to.

He didn’t come, though we had invited him to.

3.在特定的上下文中, 为了避免重复, 如果不定式为一般式to be…或完成式to have done时, 则不定式符号to和be或have常一并保留, be或have之后的部分通常要省略.

eg.) ---Aren’t you the headmaster?

--- No, but I don’t want to be.

--- Hasn’t he finished the report?

--- No, but he ought to have.

补充:

不定式符号后面动词的省略与保留：

Eg.)1. If you don’t want to do it, you don’t need to.

2.---Ought I to finish the work today?

---Yes, you ought to.

注：㈠以上例句中的不定式符号to均不能省略。但如省略名词后的不定式时，则to可以一起省去。

Eg.) Never will Tom miss school for no reason; he hasn’t the courage (to).

I will come as soon as I have got the chance (to).

㈡ want 和would like如用于从句中，to通常可以省略。

Eg.) Come whenever you want (to).

You can stay here as long as you like (to).

㈢如不定式带有系动词be或助动词have, 则须保留be或have.

Eg.) ---Are you a teacher?---No, but I used to _be_.

--- Sorry, I haven’t finished my work yet?---Well, you ought to have.

㈣另外两种省略to的情况.

⑴ 如主语部分含有动词do,则作表语的不定式可省略to

eg.) What I want to do is run a night school.

⑵当两个或两个以上的不定式并列使用时,除第一个不定式以外,其余的不定式一般要省略to.

Eg.) It is up to you to decide whether to stay or leave.

篇3：非谓语动词——动词不定式

动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,有时不能带to。它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但它具有名词、形容词、副词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语,它可以有自己的宾语和状语,并和其一起构成不定式短语,不定式的否定形式是在to前加not。

Please tell Tom to come here on time tomorrow.

The doctor asked her not to eat too much meat.

一、不定式作主语

To keep the environment clean is our duty.

在日常英语中,特别是当主语较长而谓语较短时,常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语——动词不定式放在句子后面,避免头重脚轻。

It is good for our health to drink more water every day.

二、不定式作宾语

常用在及物动词want,begin,decide,forget,hope, like,learn等的后面。

I want to buy a computer.

He decided to give up smoking.

不定式后面有宾语补足语时,可用先行词it作形式宾语,把真正的不定式宾语后置。动词后能接复合宾语的有: think, find, believe, suppose, make等。由于宾语和宾补有逻辑上的主谓关系,所以有时候将宾语和宾补换成从句的形式。

He found it difficult to learn English well.

=He found that it’s difficult to learn English well.

三、不定式作宾语补足语

1.动词 ask,tell,want,teach,allow等后跟带to的动词不定式作宾补。

The teacher asked us to do Exercise 1.

The policeman told the children not to play football in the street.

2.使役动词(let,make,have)和感官动词(feel,see, watch,notice,hear)后跟不带to的不定式。

The boss made the workers work twelve hours a day.

感官动词后既可跟不定式也可跟现在分词,它们的区别是:用不定式表示动作的全过程或经常性、习惯性的动作:用现在分词表示当时正在进行的动作。

I saw the boy climb the wall.(我看见小孩爬墙了)

I saw the boy climbing the wall.(我看见小孩在爬墙)

3.不带to的不定式在被动结构中,必须带上to。

She is often heard to sing in the next room.

The boy was made to stand in the classroom.

四、不定式作表语

一般紧跟在be,get,seem等系动词的后面,用于说明主语。

My wish is to be a doctor.

The maths teacher seemed to be angry.

五、不定式作定语

不定式作定语时与所修饰的名词或复合不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系,要放在所修饰的词后面。

I have a lot of things to do today.

He needs some paper to write on.

六、不定式作状语

动词不定式具有副词的功能,修饰动词、形容词和副词,用作目的、原因、结果、条件等状语。当表示目的时,为了更突出,可将不定式放在前面。

They will go to the station to meet the guests.

To catch the early bus, he got up early.

七、不定式和疑问词连用

该结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。

He didn’t tell me what to do next.

He didn’t tell me how to do it.

篇4：动词不定式考点专项练习

radios as well as cassette tape recorders

in the world.

A. producing B. to produce

C. having produced D. produced

2. The purpose of new technology is to make

life easier， ____it more difficult.

A. not making B. not make

C. not to make D. nor to make

3. Helen had toshout ___above the sound

of the music .

A. making herself hear

B. to make herself hear

C. making herself heard

D. to make herself heard

4. I don’t know whether you happen ，

but I am going to study in the U.S.A this

September.

A. to be heard B. to be bearing

C. to hear D. to have heard

5. The news reporters hurried to the airport，

only ______the film stars had left.

A. to tell B. to be told

C. telling D. told

6. You were silly not _______your car.

A. to lock B. to have locked

C. locking D. having locked

7. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.

A. don’t make B. not make

C. not making D. not to make

8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had

been ordered ____clear warnings before firing any shots.

A. to issue B. being issued

C. to have issued D. to be issued

9. I’d rather have a room of my own， however small it is，

than_______ a room with someone else.

A. to share B. to have shared

C. share D. sharing

10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________

in broad daylight yesterday.

A. robbed B. to have been robbed

C. being robbed D. having been robbed

11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed

in a fire.

A. being destroyed

B. having been destroyed

C. to be destroyed

D. to have been destroyed

12. The meeting _______next week is sure

to be a great success.

A. to take place

B. to be taken place

C. to have taken place

D. being taken place

13. As a result of my laziness，I failed

my work in time.

A. and finished B. to finish

C. and finishing D. to finished

14. I am sorry written you a letter at

the time.

A. to have not B. to not have

C. not to have D. not having

15. Will you lend him a magazine ？

A. to be read B. for reading

C. to read D. he read

16. He could do nothing but for

the bus _________.

A. wait，to come B. wait，come

C. waiting，coming D. waited，came

17. It is a problem that doesn’t need ________ right now.

A. to solve B. solving

C. being solved D. to be solving

18. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very

angry and I think he means _______ trouble.

A. making B. to make

C. to have made D. having made

19. I remember him the bike needed .

A. hearing， saying， to repair

B. to hear， say， to repair

C. hearing， say， repairing

D. to hear， saying， to be repaired

20. — You should have thanked her before you left.

— I meant _______， but when I was leaving I couldn’t

find her anywhere.

A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing so

篇5：动词趣话: 后接不定式的动词

aim打算，目标是

refuse拒绝

contrive 策划，设法

promise允诺

decide决定

determine决定

fail未能成功

agree同意，赞同

care喜欢（用于否定和疑问句）

desire想要

mean意愿意欲

hesitate犹豫，不愿

expect期望，希望，想要

yearn 渴望

pretend假装

want*

arrange安排

resolve决心

choose选择

offer提出，提供

strive努力奋斗

learn学习

neglect*疏忽，忘记（后接不定式、动名词意义相同）

prepare准备

long渴望

afford能够，供给

threaten威胁

seek 寻找

deserve应得

篇6：动词不定式用法小结

动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。

一.作主语

To be a doctor is hard.做医生很难。

To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。

动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为：

It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.再如：

It’s important to plant trees in spring.二.作表语：

动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例：

His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。

My job is to feed animals.我的工作是饲养动物。

Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是当医生。

三.作宾语

动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：

I want to tell you a story.我想给你讲个故事。

They begin to work at eight every morning.他们每天早晨8点开始工作。

Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。

Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？

*如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省“to”例：

（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我们一起去游泳。

（2）若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）很长，可用it作形式宾语。

I find it’s interesting to learn English with you.我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。

He found it hard to catch up with others.他觉得赶上别人很困难。

四.作宾语补足语。

The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.老师让我们早晨读半小时英语。

The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.老师常告诉Jim不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。

五.动词不定式作定语

动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。例：

Who was the first one to arrive? 谁第一个到的？

She has no paper to write on? 她没有纸写字？

The best way to learn English is to use it.学英语最好的方法是使用它。

六.动词不定式作目的状语：

动词不定式作目的状语常用在go, come, hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。

He went to see his sister yesterday.他昨天去看妹妹了。

They got up early to catch the early bus.他们早起去赶早班车。

有时可以把不定式（短语）提前，放于句首，表示强调目的。例：