介词的用法总结

介词的用法总结（共6篇）

篇1：介词的用法总结

介词属虚词，不能单独使用，必须和名词、代词或动名词构成介词短语，在句中做表语、定语、状语、补语等成分：至少分为5类

时间：强调动作的延续性时候常用during，而强调动作，发生在段时间中的某一点时候常用in；in(从现在开始)，after(从过去开始)；

地点：小处at, 大处in;at表附近，in表里，in内 to外，若表接壤on在前；above, below任意点，over, under表垂直，on是一般要接触；over 还可表越过, 覆盖, 在„对面under还可以表示正在„之中；

through内部，cross表面，by表示的是旁边；

by和beside“在„旁边”一般可以相互替换；by还含有“倚、靠”等意near “在„附近” 距离上比by和beside稍远, 且两物体之间不接触off在(离岸边不远的)海面;与„相距；

原因：because 是从属连词它表示的语气最强，在回答why的问句时，必须用because as 是从属连词，说明一般的因果关系语气比because弱，说明比较明显的原因，since意为“由于，既然”，表示对方已知的无需加以说明的原因或事实，语气比because弱，但是比as 强。for是并列连词，用来附带解释或说明前面一句的情况，有时他它表示的理由是推测性的，它所引导的分句只能放在另一分句后；

工具：by后一般跟动名词或交通通讯工具的名词，through 后面常常是具体的人或物，有时也跟抽象名词；in +材料、语言、声音、现金等，with+具体的工具、身体器官等；

except for后接的词同句子中的整体词（主语）不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节，一个方面；except后接的词同整体词（主语）一般是同类，指在同类的整体中除去一个部分； With+东西”表示行为的主体通常是人把该物体当作工具来使用；by+东西”表示并非“人”而是该“东西”才是行为的主体；

属性：to表“依附”关系.(即:介词to前的事物是后面事物的补充部分，可以独立存在)of 表“所有”关系。(即: 介词of前的事物是后面事物不可分割的部分)for 表 “适合”关系.(即:介词for前的事物只适合后面这一特定事物)；

by表示在原有的基础上增加或减少了to表示总数增加或减少到；

With表示属于人和物的显著特点;about表示附属于人或物不可捉摸的的特点； In表示附属与人或物的内部固有特点；

With用于构成“with+n（pron）+补语”复合结构，该结构主要做状语，表示方式，原因，条件等，也可做定语但必须后置；

篇2：介词的用法总结

对不起。

Thank you for coming to see me.

谢谢你来看我。

You can’t see the wood for the trees.

你只见树木，不见森林。

That’s for you.

这是给你的。

Here is a letter for you.

这是你的信。

Have you room for me there?

篇3：常见英语介词的用法及区别

一、概念

介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类, 短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组, 在句中作状语、表语、补语或介词宾语。

二、时间介词的用法辨析

1、时间介词in、on、at、by的用法辨析

A. 介词in用来表示一天中某段时间 (早、午、晚) , 指年、月、季节、周次等。如:in the morning, in spring, in the first week, in the Christmas holidays, in the eighteenth century, in ancient times.

B. 介词on用来表示某一天 (日子、日期、年月日) 或星期几, 星期加上早午晚等。如:on the second of January/on January the second, on February the thirteenth l893, on a summer evening, on New Year’s Day, on my birthday, on winter day, on Sunday, on Saturday afternoon, on the morning of 18th.

On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet. 他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会。

C. 介词at用来表示黎明、午、夜、点与分, 节日、年龄等, 如:at noon, at night, at dawn, at 6:20 (以上短语都不用冠词) , at the present day。

D. 介词by表示“……的时候”、“到”、“等到……已”等用在天、时间的前面。如:by 2 o’clock。

2、时间介词in与after 的用法辨析

A. 介词in + 一段时间用于一般将来时。如:We’ll go to school in three weeks.

B. 介词after + 一段时间用于一般过去时。如:My mother came back after half an hour.

C. 介词after + 时间点常用于一般将来时。如:We’ll go out for a walk after supper.

3、时间介词for与since的用法辨析

A. 介词for表示一段时间如:I have been living here for 10 years.

B. 介词since表示从过去某一时间以来如:I have been living here since 2000.

4、时间介词during与for的用法辨析

A. 当所指的时间起止分明时, 用介词during。如:He swims every day during the summer.

B. 如果一段时间不明确, 则用介词for。如:I haven’t seen her for years.

5、时间介词before与by的用法辨析

A. 介词before表示“在……之前”如:He won’t come back before five.

B. 介词by表示“到……时为止, 不迟于……”, 如:The work must be finished by Friday.

6、时间介词till与until用法的异同

A. till和until用在肯定句中, 均可表示“直到……为止”;用在否定句中, 均可表示“在……以前”或“直到……才”。如:①I will wait till/until seven o'clock.②Tom didn't come back till/until midnight.

B. till多用于普通文体, 而until则用于多种文体, 并且在句子开头时, 用until而不用till。如:Until he comes back, nothing can be done.

7、不用介词表达时间的几种情况

当表示时间的词前有this, that, next, last, one, any, each, every, some或all时, 其前面不用介词, 如:this morning, next Sunday, last Sunday, any day。

三、方位介词与地点介词的用法辨析

1、方位介词on, over, above的用法辨析

A. 介词on表示一物放在另一物上面, 两者紧贴在一起, 如: The book is on the table.

B. 介词over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系, 即“在……上方”, 如:Is there any bridge over the river?

C. 介词above表示一般的“高于……”, “在……之上”, 如:There was an electric clock above his bed.

2、方位介词under与below的用法辨析

A. 介词under是over的反义词即“在……下方”, 如:They were seen under the tree.

B. 介词below是above的反义词即“低于……”, “在……之下”, 如:They live below us.

3、方位介词across、through、over、past的用法辨析

A. 介词across着重于“从一边到另一边”, 强调从表面穿过。如:She went across the street.

B. 介词through着重于“穿越”, 强调从一定的空间内穿过。如:The sunlight was coming in through the window.

C. 介词over多表示从“上方越过”, 如:He failed to go over the mountain;he had to go round it.

D. 介词past表示从“面前经过”, 如:Someone has just gone past the window.

4、方位介词in、on、at、to、for的用法辨析

A. 介词in表示“排、行、组”, 如:We are in Team One.

B. 介词on表示“左、右”, 如:Li Ping is on my left.

C. 介词at表示“前、后”, 如:I sit at the front of the classroom.

D. 介词to表示目的地或去的目的, 如:Will you take a train to Nanjing?

E. 介词for表示动身去某地, 如:He got on a train for Shanghai.

5、方位介词at、to的用法辨析

介词at和to都可以表示方向;用at表示方向时, 侧重于攻击的目标, 往往表示恶意;用to表示方向时, 突出运动的位置或动作的对象, 侧重表示善意。试比较下列各句:

①She came at /to me. 她向我扑/走过来。

②Jake ran at/to John. 杰克向约翰扑过去/跑去。

③He rushed at/to the woman with a sword. 他拿/带着剑向那妇女扑/跑过去。

④He shouted at/to the old man. 他大声喝斥那老人/他大声向那老人说。

⑤I heard her muttering at/to Li. 我听见她在抱怨李/我听见她在同李低声说话。

⑥She talked at/to you just now. 她刚才还说你坏话呢/她刚才还同你谈话呢。

⑦She threw a bone at/to the dog. 她用一块骨头砸狗/她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。

⑧He presented a pistol at/to me. 他用手枪对着我/他赠送我一支手枪。

6、地点介词at与in的用法辨析

A. 介词at表示较小的地方, 如家、村、乡村等, 如:He livesat a small village.

B. 介词in表示较大的地方, 如大城市、国家、洲等, 如:Helives in Beijing.

7、地点介词at与on的用法辨析

A. 介词at用于门牌号, 如:He lives at No.200, Nanjing Road.

B. 介词on用于路名, 如:He lives on Nanjing Road.

8、地点介词in、on、to的用法辨析

A. 介词in表示“包含”如:Beijing is in the north of China.

B. 介词on表示“紧邻”如:Canada lies on the north of the U.S.

C. 介词to表示“没接触”如:France lies to the south of England.

四、其他易混介词的用法辨析

1、原因介词because、as、for的用法辨析

A. 介词because指直接的、明确的原因, 用来回答why的问句, 语气最强。如:The boy was absent because he was ill.

B. 介词as指一种显而易见、谈话双方已知的理由。如:She stayed at home as she had no car.

C. 介词for指一种间接原因, 甚至只是一种附带的说明, 仅用于句尾。如:It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.

2、材料介词of和from的用法

A. 介词of用于成品与材料的性质不变时, 如:The desk is made of wood.

B. 介词from用于成品与材料的性质已变时, 如:Wine is made from grapes.

3、表示“用”的介词in、with、by的用法辨析

A. 介词in表示“用材料、语言、单位”。如:①Can you say itin English? ②The length is measured in meter, kilometer, andcentimeter. 长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。

B. 介词with表示“用工具、某物”等有形的, 如:with a pen.

C. 介词by表示“用、以、靠、通过……方法”等无形的, 如:He prefers traveling by car.

4、介词between与among的用法辨析

A. 介词between表示“在两者之间”, 如:Don’t sit betweenthe two girls.

B. 介词among表示“在……当中 (三者或以上) ”, 如:They lived among the mountains.

5、介词besides与except的用法辨析

A. 介词besides表示“除……之外 (全部计算在内) ”, 如: We have seen the crocodile besides Frank.

B. 介词except表示“除……之外 (不计算在内) ”, 如:Weare all Chinese except Tom in our class.

6、介词in表特征、状态、方面、方式、心情及常用短语

①The Democratic Party was then in power. 那个时候民主党执政。

②Many who came in despair went away in hope. 许多人带着绝望情绪而来, 却满怀希望而去。

③The house was in ruins. 这栋房子成了废墟。

④His mind was in great confusion. 他脑子里很乱。

⑤A good teacher must be an example in study. 一个好的教师必须是学习上的模范。

⑥All the speeches were taken down in shorthand. 所有报告都用速记记录下来了。

还有一些短语也用in, 如:in jest诙谐地, in joke开玩笑地, in spite恶意地, in high spirits兴高采烈地, in fairness公正地, in revenge报复, in mercy宽大, in sorrow伤心地, in all总计, in advance事前, in the meantime在此期间, in place适当地, in hopes of (或in the hope of) 怀着……希望, in connection with和……有关, in contact with和……联系, in addition to除……以外, in case of倘若, 万一, in conflict with和……冲突, in depth彻底地, in respect回顾, in behalf of代表……利益, in the least一点, 丝毫, in alarm惊慌、担心, in the long run从长远说来, in one’s opinion在……看来, in a word总之, in vain无益地, 白白地, in case如果、以防, in detail详细地, in haste急急忙忙地, in conclusion总之, in spite of尽管, in other words换句话说, in return作为回报, in the name of以……名义, in doubt怀疑, in love恋爱中, in debt负债, in hesitation犹豫不决, in wonder在惊奇中, in public (secret) 公开地 (秘密地) , in good health身体健康。

综上所述, 正确使用介词的关键是:先记住介词的汉语意思, 然后参照例句来加深理解, 并在今后的学习中多积累, 勤实践, 细心体会介词应用当中的细微差别, 灵活应用就一定能把介词掌握好。

摘要：本文通过对常用时间、地点、方位等介词的使用进行分类整理, 并加以辨析, 使得学生对常用介词的使用有较为全面的了解, 克服学生对介词的恐惧心理, 帮助学生正确使用介词。

关键词：介词,时间,方位,地点

参考文献

[1]陈璞.英语介词365[M].四川辞书出版社, 2002.

篇4：介词without用法总结

1. (表否定)没有，无，不需。如：

The letter was posted without a stamp. 那封信没贴邮票就寄出去了。

We got there without any trouble. 我们到了那儿，一路上没遇到任何麻烦。

You’ll get wet if you go out in the rain without an umbrella. 雨天外出不带伞会淋湿的。

I suddenly realized I’d come out without any money.

我突然意识到，我一点儿钱也没带就出来了。

2. (用在no, not, never等否定副词之后，强调肯定)没有……不，没有……则不能……，每……必定……。如：

You can’t get rich without taking risks. 人不冒险不富。

The old man cannot walk without a stick. 那位老先生离开手杖就走不了路。

Don’t go out without a coat; you’ll catch a cold. 别不穿外套出去，会感冒的。

I never think of him without seeing this picture. 每次看到这张照片，我都会想起他。

3. (与v-ing形式连用)不，无，没。如：

She entered the room without knocking. 她没敲门就进了房间。

It goes without saying that health is above wealth. 健康胜于财富这个道理是无需多说的。

They had to stand for hours without changing position. 他们得一动不动地站几个小时。

It wasn’t very polite of you to serve yourself without asking.

不问一声就自己吃起来是不太礼貌的。

4. (表条件)若无，若非。如：

I don’t like to go to a country without knowing something of the language.

我要是不懂得一点那个国家的语言，就不想到那个国家去。

Without water, we cannot live. 没有水，我们就活不了。

Can you see without your glasses? 你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗？

二、作表语的用法

without引出的介词短语通常用作状语，但有时也可用作表语。如：

She is completely without shame. 她恬不知耻。

My investigations were without result. 我的调查毫无结果。

The houses in this village are without tap water. 这个村子里家家户户都没有自来水。

We were without electricity for three hours but it’s on again now.

我们的电停了3小时，现在又有了。

三、后接复合宾语的用法

without后接复合宾语的常用结构如下：

1. without+宾语+副词。如：

I’d be lost without you here. 没有你在这儿，我会一筹莫展。

I’m very nearsighted without my glasses on. 我要是不戴眼镜近视得厉害。

2. without+宾语+介词短语。如：

We’d be better off without them as neighbors. 要是没有他们做邻居，我们就过得更愉快了。

I don’t like sweet coffee; I like it better without sugar in it.

我不喜欢加糖的咖啡，我更喜欢咖啡不加糖。

3. without+宾语+动名词。如：

Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 无人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。

They debated for hours without a decision being taken. 他们争论了几个小时，也没作出决定。

4. without+宾语+不定式。如：

Without anyone to help, how can we go on? 没有人帮忙，我们怎么能进行下去?

It was boring to sit there without anything to do. 无所事事地坐在那里太无聊了。

5. without+宾语+过去分词。如：

Without another word exchanged, they started off. 没有再交谈一句，他们就出发了。

四、用于虚拟语气

without有时可表示条件，引出虚拟语气，与but for大致同义。如：

Without（But for） appropriate software, a computer would be a mere box.

如果没有合适的软件，电脑只是一个空盒子罢了。

Without（But for） you, our project wouldn’t have succeeded.

如果没有你的话，我们的计划就无法成功了。

Life would be quieter without the telephone. 要是没有电话，生活就会清静一些了。

Without your advice I would have failed. 假若没有你的劝告，我想必已失败了。

五、without A and B与without A or B

两者基本同义，相当于without A and without B，即同时否定A、B两者。如：

We were cast away by the storm on an island without food or water.

我们因风暴而流落在一个小岛上，没有食物，也没有淡水。

I found myself in a strange place without money or friends.

我发现自己身处一个陌生的地方，既无钱财，又无朋友。

篇5：介词用法总结

一：表示相对，针对

be strange(common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive, immune, vulnerable, indispensable)to Air is indispensable to life.Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation.This injection will make you immune to infection 二：表示对比，比较

1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.2:一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous A is similar to B in many ways.3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown.4:to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如: World is usually compared to a stage

Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介词to就要改成rather than ,如: The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.Many people prefer spending money to earning money.They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.5:to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative

Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.三:表示修饰关系

1:表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question，solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter 2:表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path the approach to a bridge引桥

the approach to science

Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.The access to education 接受教育的机会

The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利

4:表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition, heir to throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress advisor to the Prime Minister

5:表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission

The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom.Everyone has an equal right to ……..6:表示栅栏或障碍的词汇, ,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress 7:表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.8:表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:

The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests.Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business

9:另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to door,invitation to party，guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school

四:to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste

五:表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to

He’s liable to seasickness.You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.六:表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold o,adhere to,cling to He still holds on to his original views.七:表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to He’s confined to the house by illness.He confined his remarks to scientific mangement.八:表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get(be)to,used to,be accustomed to Finally,the students got used to my teaching method.十:表示起因和原由,如wing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog.The famous artist attributed his success to his wife.十一:表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to I aim to be an excellent college teacher.His conceit lead to his failure.These bad condition has given rise to a lot of crises 十二:表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to，All military adventures by the two super powers are doomed to fail.十三:表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to

In addition to relief supplies,he also presented with some money.The annual output of steel amounts to 1200 tons.十四:表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote to,commit to He is determined to devote all his life to his.十五:表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to反date back to The church dates back to the 13th century.十六:表示方位概念.如:close to,next to I don’t like wool next to my skin.十七:表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to, He usually appeals to arms t o settle the territory dispute.十八:表示有关注,关于:as to,with regard to

十九:表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to，We should attach primary importance to job training.二十:表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in proportion to According to today’s newspaper,the match will be postponed.The lending countries subscribe towards capital stock in proportion to their economic importance.二十一:表示应该或必须含义的句式,如: It’s time to get up.We are supposed to get here at seven.It’s up to this country to ban nuclear weapons.二十二：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant to,link to

Investigate all the facts related to the problem.People often linked walth to happiness.二十三：表示反对和赞同。

1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,be adverse to,be resistant to,be contradictory to,object to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to

These buildings are resistant to earthquake.They are to tally opposed to any changes being made in the plans.2:to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to，The employer consented to give him a salary raise.表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to,adjust to,conform to,habituate to,fit to,suit to,correspond to,cater to

She tried to habituate herself to the style of plain living.Your action should conform to the interests of the people.They offered various foods to cater to the need of customers.His words doesn’t fit to his actions.Suit your writing style to the masses.3:表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrender to,give in to,confess to,admit to.The minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数

Countries nearby oceans are always subject to earthquake.He confessed to having robbed the woman of her wallet.We’re not the kind of people to yield to any military threat.常用词组

篇6：初中介词英语用法总结

1. in 表示在某地范围之内。

如: Shanghai is/lies in the east of China.

上海在中国的东部。

2. to 表示在某地范围之外。

如: Japan is/lies to the east of China.

日本位于中国的东面。

3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤。

如: Mongolia is/lies on the north of China.

蒙古国位于中国北边。

♥表示计量的介词：at, for, by

1. at表示“以……速度”“以……价格”。

如: It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour.

它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。

I sold my car at a high price.

我以高价出售了我的汽车。

2. for表示“用……交换,以……为代价”。

如: He sold his car for 500 dollars.

他以五百元把车卖了。

注意:at表示单价(price) ,for表示总钱数。

3. by表示“以……计”,后跟度量单位。

如: They paid him by the month.

他们按月给他计酬。

Here eggs are sold by weight.

在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。

♥表示材料的介词：of, from, in

1. of成品仍可看出原料。

如: This box is made of paper.

这个盒子是纸做的。

2. from成品已看不出原料。

如: Wine is made from grapes.

葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。

3. in表示用某种材料或语言。

如: Please fill in the form in pencil first.

请先用铅笔填写这个表格。

They talk in English.

他们用英语交谈。

注意: in指用材料,不用冠词;而with指用工具,要用冠词。

请比较: draw in pencil 与draw with a pencil.

♥表示工具或手段的介词：by, with, on

1. by用某种方式,多用于交通。

如：by bus 乘公共汽车

by e-mail. 通过电子邮件

注意: 表示搭乘交通工具时,用by时不用冠词,用in时要用冠词。

请比较: I went there by bus/in a bus.

我是坐公共汽车去的那儿。

2. with表示“用某种工具”。

如:He broke the window with a stone.

他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。

注意: with表示用某种工具时,必须用冠词或物主代词。

3. on表示“以……方式”,多用于固定词组。

如：They talked on the telephone.

他们通过电话进行交谈。

She learns English on the radio/on TV.

她通过收音机/电视学英语。

♥表示关于的介词：of , about，on

1. of仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事。

如: He spoke of the film the other day.

他前几天提到了这部影片。

He thought about this matter yesterday.

他昨天考虑了这件事。

2. about指“关于”某人或某事物的较详细的情况。

如: Can you tell me something about yourself?

你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗?

3. on指“关于”学术性的或严肃的事。

如: It’s a textbook on the history of china.

它是一本有关中国历史的教科书。

♥表原因或理由的介词：for, at，from，of, with, by，because of

1. for表示原因,常与sorry,famous, punish, praise, thank, blame等词连用。

如: I am sorry for what I said to you.

我后悔不该对你讲那些话。

2. at指情感变化的原因,意为“因听到或看到而……”。

如: He was surprised at the news.

听到这消息他大吃一惊。

3. from指“外在的原因”,如受伤、车祸等。

如: He died from the wound.

他因受伤而致死。

4. of指“内在的原因”,如病、饿等。

如: The old man died of hunger.

老人死于饥饿。

5. with指生理上或情感上的由外界到内心的原因。

如: Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.

他们听到这个消息,欣喜若狂。

He was shaking with anger.

他气得浑身发抖。

6. by表示外部的,尤其是暴力的或无意中造成某种结果的原因。

如：Her body was bent by age.

他因年老背弯了。

She took your umbrella by mistake.

我因弄错拿了你的雨伞。

7. because of 表示引起结果的直接原因。

如: He retired last month because of illness/because he ill.

他上个月因病退休了!

8. owing to多表示引起某不良后果的原因。

如: Owing to the rain they could not come.

由于下雨他们没来。

9. thanks to表示引起某种幸运结果的原因,常译为“幸亏……,多亏……”。

如: Thanks to John, we won the game.

多亏约翰,我们才赢了这场比赛。

10. out of表示动机的起因,常译为“出于……”。

如: He asked the question out of curiosity.

他出于好奇才问了那个问题。

11. through多表示因局部而影响全局的原因。

如: The war was lost through bad organization.

战争因组织不周而失败了。

♥表示好像或当作的介词：like, as

1. like表示“像……一样”,其实不是。

如: Peter the Great, like his country, was strong and proud.

彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪。

2. as表示“作为,以……身份”,其实也是。

如:He talked to me as a father.

他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。

注: as作连词时,可表示“好像……”。

如:The work is not so difficult as you imagine.

这工作不像你想像的那么困难。

♥表示支持或反对的介词：against，for

against反对,for支持,互为反义词。

如: Are you for my idea or against it?

你赞同还是反对我的想法?

表示除某人某物外的介词：besides, except

1. besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除……外,还”。

如: Thirty students went to the cinema besides him.

除他以外,还有30个学生去看了电影。(他和另外30人都去了)

He is interested in tennis besides(=as wellas)football.

除了足球,他还对网球感兴趣。

2. except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除去”。

如: Everyone is excited except me.

除我以外的每个人都很激动。(他们激动,而我却不激动)

All the visitors are Japanese except him.

除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人,可他不是)

注意:

(A) except通常与表示全体的all, every连用;若与other连用,只能用besides。

如: He had other people to take care of besides me.

除我之外,他还要照顾别人。

(B) except是排除同类;而except for是排除非同类,常在说明基本情况后,从细节上加上修正。

如: The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.

除了几处拼写错误之外,这篇作文整体还是不错的。(作文与拼写错误是非同类的)

但except for也可代替except,特别是在句首时,因为except是不能用于句首的。

如: Except George, you can all go.