现在进行时的用法相关知识介绍

2024-04-11

现在进行时的用法相关知识介绍(共13篇)

篇1:现在进行时的用法相关知识介绍

现在进行时

am+动名词(v+ing)

is+动名词(v+ing)

are+动名词(v+ing)

(1)现在进行时,主要表示现在(此刻)或者现阶段正在进行的动作

What are you doing?

你(现在)在做什么?

We are dancing disco.

我们(正)在跳迪斯科。

Jane is sleeping.

简正在睡觉。

I am writing a novel.

我正在写一个小说。

模仿练习:

1.你姐姐在做什么?

2.她在唱歌吗?

3.不,他在读一封电子邮件。

4.小李在看篮球赛。

5.秘书在做一个计划(make a plan)。

(2)现在进行时,有时用于表示计划在最近(即将)要进行的动作

(实际上,等于将来一般时或者将来进行时,但比将来一般时更生动、更口语化)

明天上午我在参加一个重要会议。

I am attending am important meeting tomorrow morning.

今晚有两位电影明星与你们见面。

Two movie stars are meeting you tonight.

Two movie stars will be meeting you tonight.

他今天下午将离开这里前往东京。

He is leaving herefor Tokyo this afternoon.

He will leave here for Tokyo this afternoon.

模仿练习:

1.我姐姐明天下午要上班。

2.10个篮球明星将于明天晚上与大家联欢(have a party)。

3.谁会下午来教数学?

(3)现在进行时,用来代替现丰一般时,表示一个经常性的动作或者状态,但比现在一般时多带一些感情色彩。

John is always leaving things about.

约翰总是到处扔东西。

=John always leaves things about.

(该句较平铺直叙)

She is alwayslying.

她总是撒谎。

How are you feeling today?

今天你感觉怎么样?

模仿练习:

1.享利总是问一些奇怪的问题。

2.杰克总是吹嘘他的才华(boast about talent)。

3.你爷爷今天感觉怎么样?

篇2:现在进行时的用法相关知识介绍

动词型 原形动词

系表型 am(is/are)+表语

1、表示普遍的真理或者客观事实

The earth is round.

地球是圆的。

The earth runs around the sun.

地球围绕着太阳转。

8 plus 8 equals 16.

8加8等于16。

仿照练习:

1.火是热的。

2.太阳从东方升起。

3.4加4等于8。

2、表示眼下的瞬间动作

We accept your invitation.

我们接受你的邀请。

Look carefully, I blow atthe cloth, it moves a little and nowchanges into a bunch of flowers.

仔细看好了,我吹一下布,它动了一下,现在变成了一束鲜花。

仿照练习:

1.Lily说她接受你的玫瑰花。

2.瞧好了,我赂这枚硬币一吹,它发出响声,现在变大了。

3、有时表示过去的行为,代替过去一般时,仅限于hear, tell, say等几个动词

I hear they are opened a new zoo.

我听说他们开了一个新的动物园。

Lily tells us that she will not give up.

莉莉告诉我们她不会放弃。

Two of them say you were absent.

他恨你。

仿照练习:

1.我听说你要去加拿大。

2.他选择我他要坚持到底(stick it out)。

3.他们说你在撒谎。

4、有时表示将来的行为,代替将来一般时,尤其在状语从句中

We have classes tomorrow morning.

我们明天上午有课。

=We will have classes tomorrow morning.

Next time I come to your office.

下次你来你办公室。

When she calls back, tell her to come to my place.

当她回电话时,叫她到我这里来。

仿照练习:

1.我明天下午有数学课。

2.下次你去我公司。

篇3:现在完成时态的用法

一、现在完成时的主要用法

1. 表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响。例如:

I have lost my book.

I have closed the door.

2. 表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态, 而且还可能继续持续下去。因此, 句中谓语动词必须是延续性的, 如live, study, teach, wait, be, work stay等, 常和for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语或状语从句连用。

(1) for和表示时间段的词组连用。例如:He has lived here for 5 years.

(2) since用作介词时, 后面跟的是表示时间点的名词。例如:She has studied English since 1999.

(3) since用作连词引导时间状语从句时, 动词用一般过去时, 主句用现在完成时。例如:She has taught us English since she came to this school.

二、与现在完成时连用的时间状语

现在完成时属于现在时态范围, 虽然动作发生在过去, 但是说明的是现在的情况, 故不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。但常和不确定的时间副词already, never, ever, just, yet, still等连用;也可以和包括“现在”在内的时间状语 (短语) 连用, 如today this morning (week, month, year) 。

三、“have/has been to”和“have/has gone to”的区别

“have/has been to”表示某人曾经去过某地, 即人现在不在某地了, 已经回来了;“have/has gone to”表示某人到某地去了 (或正在去某地的路上或已到某地, 反正不在说话处) 。例如:

I have been to Shanghai twice.

They have gone to Beijing.

四、句型转换

1. 现在完成时的否定句。

现在完成时的否定句是直接在助动词have/has后加not构成 (缩写为haven’t/hasn’t) 。例如:

They have not (haven’t) come yet.

2. 现在完成时的一般疑问句及其回答。

现在完成时的一般疑问句是直接把助动词have/has提到主语之前构成。肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+have/has”;否定回答用“No, 主语+haven’t/hasn’t”。例如:

—Have you returned the book yet?

—Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.

3. 特殊疑问句的构成:疑问词+一般疑问句。

例如:

How many pages have you read?

五、短暂性动词的现在完成时态

短暂性动词所表示的行为是短暂的, 瞬间就结束了。这类动词有see, come, hear, go等, 它们的现在完成时态不能和for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用, 但可以用其他方式来表达较长时间的行为和延续的状态。

1. 用be和其他词来代替短暂性动词动作延续的状态。依据词义, 把短暂性动词改为be加相应的形容词、副词、名词或介词短语或相近的延续性动词。

2. 用过去时态 (也可以用一般过去时态替代) 。

3. 用句型:It’s+时间段+since从句 (主语+短暂性动词) 。主句习惯上用一般现在时, 从句一般用过去时。

4. 用“一段时间+have/has+过去分词+since+一般过去时”来表示。

例如“他的父亲已经去世5年了”可以这样说:

His father has been dead for five years.

His father died five years ago.

It’s five years since his father died.

Five years has passed since his father died.

篇4:现在进行时的用法与训练

1.表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。

We’re having an English class now. 我们正在上英语课。

I haven’t accepted his suggestion yet. I’m still considering it.

我还没有接受他的建议,我正在考虑呢。

2.表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作,说话时并不一定进行。

The Chinese people are building socialism.

中国人民正在建设社会主义。

Is my daughter working hard this term? 我女儿这学期学习努力吗?

也可表示一个变化过程

It is getting warmer and warmer in spring.

春天,天气越来越暖和了。

She is finding that chemistry is much more difficult than biology.

她逐渐感到化学比生物难多了。

3.现在进行时与频度副词always,constantly,continually等连用,表示夸奖,埋怨等感情色彩,并不强调动作正在进行。

You are always doing well. 你总是干得很不错。

(带夸奖的口吻,称赞对方一贯的表现)

She was always coming late. 她总是很晚才回家。

(带埋怨情绪,指责某人的一贯行径)

4.现在进行时表示最近计划或安排要进行的动作,多用于个人计划,打算。常用于这种用法的动词有go,come,leave,start,begin,arrive,return,take off等。

We are leaving for Beijing next Monday. 下星期一我们要去北京。

——Hurry up,Tom. 快点,汤姆。

——I’m coming. 我马上来。

此外,在时间和条件状语从句中也可用现在进行时表示将来的情况。

If he is still sleeping,don’t wake him up.

如果他还在睡觉,不要叫醒他。

Don’t mention this when you are talking with him.

你和他谈话时不要提这件事。

注意它的特殊用法:

(1)可用来表示任何时间都可能在进行的动作。

You look lovely when you are smiling. 你笑时很可爱。

(2)可用来表示刚刚发生的动作。

Is that Mr. White speaking? 是怀特先生吗?(电话用语)

练习:

1. ——What’s that terrible noise?

——The school ____the sport meeting.

A. has held B. is holding

C. hold D. will hold

2. You don’t have to describe her. I ____ her several times.

A. had metB. met C. have metD. meet

3. Since I won the big prize,my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing. People ____ to ask how I am going to spend the money.

A. phone B. will phoneC. were phoningD. are phoning

4. Listen to the two girls by the window. What language ____?

A. did they speak B. were they speaking

C. are they speaking D. have they been speaking

5. My headache ____ me. I thought it was going away,but it’s getting worse and worse.

A. is killing B. kills C. was killingD. killed

6. ——Why do you do volunteer work in the Northwest?

——I ____ to make a difference in the life of the children there through my effort.

A. was trying B. have tried C. am trying D. tried

7. ——Are you still busy?

——Yes. I ____ my homework,and it won’t take long.

A. just finish B. am just finishing

C. have just finished D. am just going to finish

8. ——____ Mr. Brown ____ this week?

——No,he is on holiday.

篇5:现在进行时的用法

基本用法:

1、表示说话时正在进行的动作,强调“此时此刻”,常和now, look, listen连用。

Look! A train is coming. 看,火车来了。

Listen! He is playing the piano. 听,他在弹琴。

2、表示现阶段正在进行的事情,不一定说话时正在进行。常和at present ,this week ,these days…等时间状语连用。

What lesson are you studying this week?

你们本周学哪一课了?(说话时并不在学)

3、现在进行时有时可用来表示一个最近按计划或安排要进行的动作,即用现在进行时代替一般将来时,动词一般多为表示位置移动的动词。如:go, come, leave等。

Where are you going? 你去哪?

I am coming. 我来了。

Are you going to Tianjin tomorrow? 你明天去天津吗?

How many of you are coming to the party next week? 你们有多少人下周要来参加晚会?

4、wear用现在进行时表示一种状态。

如:He is wearing a blue coat. 他穿着一件蓝外套。

5、有些动词意思只是表示一种状态,不能用于现在进行时。如:have(有),like等。

Now each of us has a dictionary. 现在我们每一个人都有一本词典。

6、现在进行时与always, often, forever等连用表示赞扬、厌烦等语气。

如:

You’re always interrupting me! 你老打断我的话!(抱怨)

My father is always losing his car keys. 我爸老丢车钥匙。(不满)

篇6:现在进行时的结构用法

典型例题1: Listen, who________(sing) in the music room?

解析:以 listen开头,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。所以应用is singing

典型例题2:The boys are visiting the history museum。(对划线部分提问)

解析:对动作提问用What,现在进行时,把are 提到主语前,加doing。

答案:What are the boys doing?

误区提醒 :

在口语中表示主语计划将要作的动作,用现在进行时表示将来时,这类情况常与come来,go去, leave离开,depart离开,arrive到达,stay逗留,start开始等动词连用。所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态,主语必须是人。

典型例题:They are (leave)for New York tomorrow.

篇7:英语现在进行时的用法小结

作者:宋浩伟(文县英语教师)

大家都知道,英语中的基本时态有八种,一般现在时,现在进行时(am/is/are+V-ing),现在完成时(have/has+动词过去分词),一般过去式,过去完成时(had+动词过去分词),过去进行时(was/were+ V-ing),一般将来时(will/shall+V原型,is/am/are going to do),过去将来时(would/should+ V原型,was/were gong to do).现在我就现在进行时的用法做个小结,希望能给学子们有帮助。一,构成Am/is/are+V-ing.二,具体用法

1,表示说话人说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。eg:Look!YaoMing is playing basketball.(看!姚明正在打篮球)。Listen!Someone is singing in the next room.(听!有人正在隔壁唱歌)。They are studying in our classroom now.(他们正在教室学习)。

2,表示当前某个阶段正在进行的动作(在某一具体时刻,可能没在进行)。eg: He is studying in a famous high school now.(他目前在一所有名的高中学习)。Lin Shuhao is playing basketball as a player in NAB now.(林书豪是一名篮球运动员,他现在在美职篮打球)。3,表示在某一时刻不断重复的动作。eg: Someone is calling your name over there.(那边有人一直在叫你的名字)。

现在进行时除了以上三种用法之外,还有两种特别的用法,而其在考试中屡屡出现,需要引起我们的高度重视。1,现在进行时可以用进行时表将来。eg: Look!the is coming.(看!车要开过来了)。I am leaving for BeiJing tomorrow.(我明天要前往北京)。这时就有非常必要记住那些动词有此用法。我们把这些词叫做“位置转移动词”,简称“位移动词”,主要有:come,go,leave(离开),start(开始),begin(开始),take off(飞机起飞),arrive(到达),return(返回)等词。特别注意的是,用这些词的进行体表将来时,通常要和表将来的时间状语连用。

2,进行时和always连用,表达的是一种情感,比如喜欢,厌恶,满意等。eg:He is always talking.(他一直在喋喋不息)。

篇8:现在进行时“用法须知”

呢?现在进行时“用法须知”或许能解开你心中的疑问。

【须知一】现在进行时的构成及句型结构。

现在进行时由“助动词be(am, is, are)+动词的现在分词(v-ing)”构成。

肯定式:主语+am/is/are+v-ing

否定式:主语+am/is/are+not+v-ing

一般疑问式及其回答:

Am/Is/Are+主语+v-ing?

Yes, 主语+am/is/are.

No, 主语+am not/isn’t/aren’t.

特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+v-ing?

【须知二】现在进行时的基本用法。

现在进行时表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作;现在进行时还可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。如:

My father is watching TV now. 我爸爸现在正在看电视。

She is studying English these days. 她这些天正在学习英语。

【须知三】现在进行时的特殊用法。

⑴go, leave, come等表示位移的动词,通常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。如:

I am coming, Mum. 我来了,妈妈。

⑵表示状态、感情或者感觉的一些动词,通常不用进行时态,因为它们不表示一个正在进行的动作。如:know, be, have, want, like, think, see, love, hear等等。当这些词义改变时,可用于现在进行时。试比较:

I can’t see anything in the bowl. 我看不见碗里有什么。

Tom is seeing his friend off at the airport. 汤姆到机场送朋友。

【须知四】现在进行时的判定方法。

⑴现在进行时在多数情况下是通过now来判定的。如:

Steve is playing soccer now. 史蒂夫现在正在踢足球。

⑵动词“Look!”,“Listen!”等开头的句子,提示我们说话时动作正在进行,应该用现在进行时。如:

Look!They are swimming in the river. 看!他们在河里游泳。

⑶描述图片中人物的动作时常用现在进行时,以示生动。如:

Look at the picture!The children are skating on the lake.

看这幅画!孩子们正在湖面上滑冰。

⑷通过前后的语言环境、时间等来说明动作发生的时间,也可由特定的语境来表达。如:

Lily is writing. Tom, what are you doing? 莉莉在写字。汤姆,你在干什么?

【须知五】现在进行时的句式改变。

⑴由肯定句变否定句时,要在be后加not。如:

She is working now.→She isn’t working now.

⑵由肯定句变一般疑问句时,要将be提到句首。肯定答语为:Yes, 主语+be.; 否定答语为:No, +主语+be+not.。如:

Are they playing basketball now?→Yes, they are. (No, they aren’t.)

⑶由肯定句变成特殊疑问句时,要看划线部分的位置,主要有以下几种情况:

①对主语提问时要用who。如:

He is listening to the teacher.→Who is listening to the teacher?

②对动作提问时要用what, 原句中的现在分词要改为doing。如:

She is watching TV.→What is she doing?

③对宾语提问时仍用what。如:

We are cleaning the desks now.→What are you cleaning now?

④对时间状语提问时用when。如:

I am writing now.→When are you writing?

【须知六】现在进行时与一般现在时的区别。

⑴现在进行时表示说话时或现阶段正在发生的动作,汉语常译为“正在……,正在……着”。一般现在时主要强调经常性、习惯性的动作。如:

He is reading an English text now. 他现在正在读一篇英语课文。

Li Lei often reads English. 李磊经常读英语。

⑵现在进行时也常与always(总是)连用,表示一种感情色彩,如赞叹、厌烦等,语气比较肯定。如:

You’re always saying I am a child. 你总说我是个孩子。

【跟踪训练】

Ⅰ. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. My parents ____(talk) about me now.

2. Look! Three boys ____(run).

3. What ____ your mother ____(do) now?

4. ____ your dog ____(sleep) now?

5. “____ you ____(listen) to music?” “Yes, I am.”

Ⅱ. 翻译下面的句子。

1. 这些男孩子正和他们的老师打篮球。

_______________________________

2. 他在做什么?

_______________________________

3. 他不是在打扫房间也不是在看书。

_______________________________

4. 这个小女孩在读英语。

_______________________________

5. 玛丽没在做她的家庭作业。

_______________________________

[Key:Ⅰ.1.are talking 2.are running 3.is; doing 4.Is; sleeping 5.Are; listening

篇9:现在进行时的用法相关知识介绍

过去将来时主要用于表示过去某个时候看来即将发生的动作或存在的状态。如:

He said he would come here next Friday. 他说他下周星期五来这儿。

I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble. 我知道当我们陷入困境时它会帮助我们。

2. 过去将来时的结构

(1) would + 动词原形。如:

She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term. 她告诉我们说她将一切努力在本期赶上其他同学们。

When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refuse you. 过去当你请她帮忙时,他绝不会拒绝。

(2) was / were going to + 动词原形。如:

He told us that he was going to attend the meeting. 他告诉我说他要参加那次会议。

He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station. 他说将要拍我去火车站接她

(3) was / were to + 动词原形。如:

The building was to be completed next month. 这座建筑改在下个月竣工。

Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李蕾很快就要到了。

(4) was / were about to + 动词原形。如:

We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly. 就在我们要离开时,天突然下起了大雨。

He was about to have lunch when the bell rang. 就在他要吃中饭的时候,门铃响起来了。

(5) was / were +现在分词。如:

He was leaving the next day. 他第二天要走了。

We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon. 我们接到通知说领导们很快要来我们学校。

3. 过去将来时的用法

(1) 过去将来时,一般用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。如:

He said he would stay with us. 他说他要与我们呆在一起。

He said he would never go there again. 他说他绝不会再去那儿。

(2) 过去将来时,用于虚拟语气中,如:

If I were you, I would not do that. 要是我是你的话,我就不会那样做。

If he were here, he would show us how to do it. 如果他在这儿,他就会向我们展示该如何做了。

4. 拓展

was / were going to + 动词原形;was / were to + 动词原形;was / were about to + 动词原形等结构都可表达当时一种未曾实现的意图或打算。如:

The conference was going to be held the next month. 会议下个月开。

We were to have our class at eight. 八点我们该上课了。

I was about to tell him about it when Wu Dong got in. 就在我要告诉他时,吴东进来了。

篇10:小升初英语现在进行时必考知识点

专题十三 现在进行时

一、现在进行时的用法。

1.正在发生

I am reading a book.我正在读书。2.即将发生

He is dying.他快死了。

3.逐渐

The leaves are turning yellow.叶子在逐渐变黄。标志词:

now 现在 Listen 听

Look 看

二、现在进行时的结构。

主语+be+现在分词(ing)

be动词和现在分词缺一不可

三、动词变现在分词的规则。1.直接加ing

walk-walking 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,去e加ing

make-making 3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词,双写最后一个字母加ing cut-cutting 切 swim-swimming 游泳 put-putting 放 shop-shopping 购物 get-getting 得到 stop-stopping 停 sit-sitting 坐 begin-beginning 开始 win-winning 赢 forget-forgetting 忘记run-running 跑

4.少数以ie结尾的单词,把ie变y加ing

die-dying 死

lie-lying 躺

He is dying.他快死了。

I am lying on the bed.我正躺在床上。

四、现在进行时的句子结构及变化。

肯定句:主语+be+现在分词+...否定句:主语+be+not+现在分词+...一般疑问句:Be+主语+现在分词+...?

篇11:过去完成时的用法相关知识讲解

动词型had+过去分词

系表型had been+表语

过去完成时,主要表示在过去某个时刻(说话人说话时)之前已经发生过的动作或者存在的状况。

例如:

Yesterday morning he told me that he had receivedtwo letters of admission.

昨天上午他告诉我他已经收到了两封录取信。

(含义:这下他可以放心了,可能还会收到更多。)

Before Jane came to China, she had learnedChinese for 8 months.

在来中国之前,珍妮已经学过8个月中文。

(含义:她来中国时就能说一些中文了。)

They asked me whether I had given up halfway.

他们问我是否我已经半途放弃了。

(含义:他们对此很关注,如果我已经放弃,就劝我继续捡起来。)

模仿练习:

1.昨天晚上她说她已经找到了那块手表。

2.在汤姆来杭州前,他已经学过6个月的普通话。

3.妈妈问我是否我把书包丢了。

参考答案:

1.Yesterday evening she said that she had found her wacth.

2.BeforeTom came to Hangzhou, he had learned Mandarin for 6 moths.

篇12:现在进行时的四种典型用法

现在进行时有以下四种典型用法:

一、表示说话时正在进行的动作或所处的状态。

——What are you doing? 你在干什么?

——I’m writing a letter to my friend Chuck. 我正在给朋友夏克写信。

Listen, she is singing in the next room. 听!她正在隔壁唱歌!

Look, they are playing soccer on the playground. 瞧!他们正在运动场踢足球!

二、表示现阶段正在进行的动作或所处的状态,常与表示现阶段意义的时间状语now(目前), this week, this term, this year连用,而说话时不一定正在进行。

She is working in a company now. 目前她在一家公司工作。

This year Mr Wang is writing a new play for children. 今年王先生在创作一部新的儿童剧。

三、表示根据现在的计划或安排,在最近将要发生的动作。这些动词常见的有go, come, leave, arrive, have, start, stay等。

Bob is coming with me to the airport. 鲍勃将同我一起到机场来。

How long are you staying in Xi’an? 你们将在西安呆多久?

George is leaving for New York on Sunday. 乔治将于星期天动身到纽约。

四、现在进行时与副词always, often, constantly(经常地,不断地), forever(永远; 不断), continually(不断地, 频繁地)等连用明显含有感情色彩,表示说话人的赞叹、满意、讨厌、抱怨、不耐烦等语气。

She’s always working hard like that. 她总是那样勤奋地工作。(赞扬的语气)

区别:She always works hard like that. 她总是那样勤奋地工作。(仅说明情况)

They are always fighting. 他们总是打架。(厌恶的语气)

He’s constantly asking me for money. 他不断地向我要钱。(抱怨的语气)

注意:下列情况下不能用现在进行时:

1. 表示思想情感活动的动词,如understand, love, believe, know, want, remember等常用一般现在时表示主语所处的状态。

I think you are right. 我认为你是正确的。

I understand what you mean. 我明白你的意思。

We love our great motherland. 我们热爱我们伟大的祖国。

2. 表示感觉的动词,如see, hear, find, taste, smell, sound等常用一般时态表示主语的一种无意识行为,有时可以与情态动词can连用表示现在正在进行的情况。

I can hear a funny noise. 我听见一个奇怪的声音。

I (can) smell something burning. 我闻到有东西烧焦了。

I can see a woman doing housework in the flat opposite.

我看见一位妇女在对面房间里干活。

巧记现在进行时用法口诀:

主语在句首,

am, is, are跟后,

现在分词跟着走,

其他成分不可丢。

表示动作正进行,

句中now时间定。

一般问句这样变,

把be提到主语前。

否定句式也简单,

be后再把not添。

〖跟踪巩固〗

用所给动词的正确时态填空。

1. We ____ at six every morning. But he ____ now. (get up)

2. Mr. Green ____ football there. He often ____ football in the

afternoon. (play)

3. Xiao Li ____ a ruler. We ____ some rulers. (have)

4. I like ____ apples. He ____ an apple in his bedroom. (eat)

5. Listen! Ann ____ in the next room. (sing)

6. Sam usually ____ six English

classes a week. (have)

7. ____ your brother often ____ water on Sunday? (carry)

8. Look!The students of Class Two ____ football on the playground.(play)

9. ____ Liu Ying ____ her home-work every evening? (do)

10. He often ____ three meals a day. (have)

篇13:现在完成进行时用法扫描

现在完成进行时主要表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间,这动作可能仍然在进行,也可能停止了一会儿。例如:

We have just been talking about you. 我们正谈论你呢。

Jack has been watching TV all day. 杰克一整天都在看电视。

二、用准结构

现在完成进行时的基本结构为“have/has been+现在分词”。第三人称单数用has,其他人称用have。例如:

How long has it been snowing? 雪下多久了?

They have been making that kind of kites for more than 100 years.

他们制作那种风筝已经有一百多年的历史了。

三、掌握用法

1. 表示动作从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在,这一动作可能刚刚停止,也可能仍然继续进行下去。例如:

Kate has been writing in English since three years ago.

凯特从三年前以来一直用英语写作。

Have you been playing volleyball after school these days?

这些天放学后你们都在打排球吗?

2. 表示不久前刚结束的动作,这个意义应根据上文来判断。例如:

Where have you been? What have you been doing? 你到哪儿去了?干什么去了?

3. 有些不能用现在进行时的动词,如be, have, know, like, love, hear, see 等,同样也不能用现在完成进行时,而应用现在完成时(以后会学到这种时态)。例如:

John has been ill for a week or so. 约翰病了一周左右了。

I have heard the strange sound many times. 我听见那种奇怪的声音好几次了。

四、运用句型

学习现在完成进行时,还要注意它的句型变化:变否定句时,在助动词have/has 后面直接加not,可以缩写成haven’t/hasn’t;变一般疑问句时,把助动词have/has提到主语的前面,肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+have/has.”,否定回答用“No, 主语+haven’t/hasn’t.”。例如:

Catherine has been cycling to school for the last three weeks.

凯瑟琳最近三星期一直骑自行车上学。

否定句:Catherine hasn’t been cycling to school for the last three weeks.

一般疑问句:Has Catherine been cycling to school for the last three weeks?

Yes, she has./No, she hasn’t.

五、注意区别

学习现在完成进行时,我们要注意其和现在完成时的区别:

1. 现在完成时强调动作的最终结果,而现在完成进行时强调动作的直接结果。例如:

They have swept the floor. 他们扫过地了。(结果是现在地面很干净,也可能是昨天扫的)

They have been sweeping the floor. 他们一直在扫地。(直接结果可能是他们现在还在扫,身上都是灰尘)

2. 有时现在完成时有延续性(如一些属于持续性的动词),但在强调动作延续时间的长久时,用现在完成进行时更多一些。例如:

She has lived in Jinan since 1995. 从1995年以来她就住在济南。

She has always been eating dinner like that. 她一贯是那样吃饭的。

3. 现在完成进行时往往表示现在以前这段时期反复发生的动作,而现在完成时则常常不带重复性。例如:

Have you been chatting with her lately? (有“经常聊天”的意思)

Have you chatted with her lately? (只表示“最近你和她聊天了吗?”,没有经常的意思)

4. 现在完成进行时比较生动,有时含有明显的感情色彩;而现在完成时只说明一个事实,一种影响或结果,平铺直叙,没有感情色彩。例如:

They’ve been building a big ship for our motherland.

(本句含有称赞、惊奇、佩服的意味,船还没造好)

They’ve built a big ship for our motherland.

(只说明“他们为祖国造了一艘大轮船”这件事情)

六、巩固练习

一、句型转换,一空一词。

1. Fred has been sleeping since 10 o’clock yesterday evening. (改为否定句)

Fred ____ ____ ____ since 10 o’clock yesterday evening.

2. I’ve been working on the night shift for a lot of days. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)

“____ you ____ ____ on the night shift for a lot of days?” “____, I ____.”

3. Miss Dean has been skating for three hours. (对划线部分提问)

____ ____ ____ Miss Dean ____ skating?

4. We swam in the river half an hour ago. (用现在完成进行时改写)

We ____ ____ ____ in the river ____ half an hour.

5. David has been studying Japanese for two years. (改为同义句)

David has been studying Japanese ____ ____ ____ ____.

二、完成句子,一空一词。

6. 李慧整个下午都在看那场精彩的足球比赛。

Li Hui ____ ____ ____ the wonderful football match all afternoon.

7. 自从中学毕业,戴安娜一直在写那篇小说。

Dianna ____ ____ ____ the novel since she ____ the middle school.

8. 很抱歉,我来迟了。你在这儿等了多长时间?

Sorry, I’m late. How long ____ you ____ ____ here?

9. 我们想做这事儿很久了。

We ____ ____ ____ to do it for a long time.

10. 安吉拉,好几个月没见你了。最近在做什么?

Angela, I ____ ____ you ____ months. What ____ you ____ ____ recently?

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