孙期传阅读答案及翻译

孙期传阅读答案及翻译（精选4篇）

篇1：孙期传阅读答案及翻译

孙期字仲彧，济阴成武人也。少为诸生，勤习典籍。家贫，事母至孝，牧豕①于大泽中，以奉养焉。远人从其学者，皆执经垄畔以追之。里落②化其仁让。黄巾贼起，过期里陌，相约不犯孙先生舍。郡举方正③，遣吏赍④羊酒请期，期驱豕入草不顾。司徒黄琬特辟⑤，不行，终于家。

(选自《二十六史》)

【注释】

①豕(shǐ)：猪。

②里落：村庄。

③方正：汉代选举科目，也指被举荐的士人。

④赍(jī)：持有，携带。

⑤辟：召，征召。

14、解释下列加点词语在文中的意思。(1分)

①皆执经垄畔以追之( )②期驱豕入草不顾( )

15、孙期身为儒生而不耻做粗鄙之事，文中他“牧豕于大泽”、“驱豕入草”分别有什么目的.?(2分)

16、孙期虽为布衣，却被记于史册，为史家所称道。请结合选文分析孙期有怎样的品质?(2分)

答案

14、① 持;或“拿”;或“握”。

② 回头;或“回头看”;或“转过头看”;或“看”。

15、“牧豕于大泽”目的围绕“奉养母亲”回答;“驱豕入草”目的围绕“拒绝做官”回答。(共2分，每点1分，意思对即可)

16、围绕“勤学;孝顺;能吃苦;仁让;淡泊名利;鄙弃功名”回答。(共2分，结合原文1分，质1分，答出任意一点，意思对即可)

篇2：孙期传阅读答案及翻译

①皆执经垄畔以追之( )②期驱豕入草不顾( )

15. 孙期身为儒生而不耻做粗鄙之事，文中他“牧豕于大泽”、“驱豕入草”分别有什么目的?(2分)

篇3：孙期传阅读答案及翻译

一、商务英语阅读中长难句的特点及分析方法

为了提高国际商务活动的时效性、加速商务信息传递, 商务英语中大量使用较长的句子。在商务英语阅读中, 这些长难句的特点主要有: (1) 并列成分多; (2) 修饰成分多; (3) 逻辑层次多。

例1.A very solid argument can be made that GATT was created and the WTO evolved from it as a result of U.S.Willingness to make the market-opening concessions necessary to drive other countries to agree to ever greater reductions of trade barriers and increases in market access opportunities. (Para.7 of Text A in Unit 3)

分析方法:找出句子中的连词, 并依此理清其所连接的各个成分。在以上例句中, 连词“and”连接了两组并列成分。第一组为两个分句: (1) GATT was created; (2) the WTO evolved from it…;第二组为两个短语: (1) greater reductions of trade barriers; (2) increases in market access opportunities。

例2.And the changes may force companies to pay suppliers before paying wages or honoring obligations to customers, like redeeming gift cards, said Sally Henry, a partner in the bankruptcy law practice at Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meager&Flom and the author of several books on bankruptcy. (Para.15 of Text B in Unit 8)

分析方法:明确句中每部分的中心词及其相关修饰成分。在以上例句中, 中心词“Sally Henry”的前面的部分是她所说的内容, “partner…”和“author…”是其后置的修饰语。

例3.The consumer spending slump and tightening credit markets are unleashing a widening wave of bankruptcies in American retailing, promoting thousands of store closings that are expected to remake suburban malls and downtown shopping districts across the country. (Para.1 of Text B in Unit 8)

分析方法:找出全句主干结构, 将从属结构按顺序依次理出。在以上例句中, 主句后“promoting thousands of store closings…”为伴随状语, 其中“that”引导定语从句修饰限定“store closings”。

二、商务英语阅读中长难句的翻译方法

(一) 顺译法

当英语长句表达意义次序与汉语一致时, 按语句顺序翻译。

In a recent statement, Citigroup made the point that while it was taking substantial mark-to-market writedowns, the accounting issues did not affect the company’s robust cash flow. (Para.12 of Text A in Unit 16)

参考译文:花旗集团在最近的一份报告中指出, 虽然其资产账面价值的市价大幅缩水, 但是账务问题并未影响公司雄厚的现金流。

(二) 逆译法

当英语长句表达意义次序与汉语相反时, 按语句逆向顺序翻译。

It’s funny how a legion of wounded tech stocks tanking and a Nasdaq market mired at its lowest levels in two years can suddenly make a mutual fund with the name Market Neutral seem especially appealing. (Para.1 of Text A in Unit 14)

英语中主语内容过多时则用“it”作为形式主语代替真正的主语置于句首, 在上面的例子中, 真正的主语是“how”引导的整句话, 在汉语中则习惯性地将这一部分前置, 就是说“it’s funny”应最后翻译, 也就是整句话应按逆向顺序翻译。

参考译文:一大批遭受重创、损失惨重的科技股和在两年时间里陷入历史最低点位的纳斯达克市场, 如何能够突然使一只名为“市场中立”的共同基金脱颖而出、吸引眼球, 这真是挺有意思的。

(三) 拆分译法

英语长句中主句的附属修饰成分较多时, 则可分开翻译使其符合汉语的表达习惯, 同时也能使表达更为清晰、意思更加明确。

Vivendi managed to persuade its banks to delete clauses form its credit agreements that allow lenders to demand immediate repayment if the rating falls below an agreed level. (Para.2 of Text B in Unit 10)

例子中有三个语义层面, 其主语分别为:“Vivendi”“credit agreements”“the rating”, 谓语动词分别:“managed to persuade”“allow”“falls”。翻译时用标点符号将其分隔开来, 其表达更为清楚且语义更为明确。

参考译文:维旺迪设法说服银行将贷款协定中的一些条款删除。这些条款规定, 当借款方的信用等级降至协定水平之下时, 贷款方可以要求借款方立即偿还贷款。

(四) 综合译法

有些英语长句单纯使用以上一种方法不能译出地道的汉语时, 就应仔细推敲, 综合各种方法译出符合逻辑、语义明确的译文。

In difficult times, people may cut back on spending, but not everything gets hit equally.Many companies offer necessities consumers simply can’t do without, or small luxuries—like that extra round of beer—they don’t want to give up. (Para.5 of Text B in Unit 16)

连词“or”连接的并列成分是“necessities”和“small luxuries”, 其后置定语分别为“consumers simply can’t do without”与“they don’t want to give up”。“like that extra round of beer”为“small luxuries”的补足语。因此整句翻译时需要综合处理。

参考译文:人们在困难时期会削减开支, 但是并非所有东西都受到同等影响。许多公司为顾客提供生活少不了的必需品, 或者顾客难以割舍的小奢侈品——就像那杯额外的啤酒。

三、结语

掌握了商务英语中长难句的特点并以正确的方式分析其结构、理清逻辑关系, 阅读理解时就不会有分歧, 翻译成汉语时语义也能更为清晰明确并合乎表达习惯。

参考文献

[1]刘宓庆.新编汉英对比与翻译[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司, 2006.

[2]叶兴国.商务英语阅读教程3[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 2011.

篇4：孙期传阅读答案及翻译

阅读表达(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)

(1) The word addiction usually makes you think of alcohol or drugs，but in modern-day society we are seeing some new kinds of addictions. Some people are compulsive(难以自制的) shoppers. Others find it impossible to pull themselves away from their work. Still others spend countless hours watching TV or playing computer games.

(2) Over the years，shopping has become a very common activity. Many people enjoy going to stores more and more every day，but its more than a common hobby for some of them. They have turned into shopaholics. They are people who simple enjoy shopping and walking around spending money without being able to stop doing it. They are hooked on shopping and usually buy things that they dont need. Even though they dont have enough money，they buy everything they want.__(3) The question is，why do they have this addiction? There isnt a specific answer. Some people go shopping when they are sad，worried，upset or lonely，and they want to feel better. They use this activity as a way to forget their problems. Shopaholics say that they feel more important and better after they buy something. They also tend to have this addiction when they feel guilty.

(4) Shopaholism seems to be a harmless addiction，but it can__________________ . Some of them can be psychological. If this is the case，people addicted to shopping should go to a support group to help them break this habit. However，the process，like for most addictions，is long，and they suffer a lot. It can also cause financial problems. They just think about satisfying their feelings，so they spend money they dont have. They get deep in debt，and they can even go bankrupt and get sent to prison.

76. List three activities that might develop into addictions based on the text. (Please answer within 8 words.)

①____________________________________

②____________________________________

③____________________________________

77. Whats the main idea of Paragragh 3? (Please answer within 8 words)

____________________________________

____________________________________

78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (Please answer within 6 words )

____________________________________

____________________________________

79. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?

Accordingly，these shopaholics should turn to a certain organization for help so that they can stop compulsive shopping.

____________________________________

____________________________________

80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 into Chinese.

____________________________________

【答案解析】

76. 答案：drinking，taking drugs，shopping，playing computer games，working，

watching TV ( 答出其中三个即可，不根据原文回答者不给分)

解析：这是一道封闭式问题，考查考生对文段的理解能力和对语言的总结概括能力。

文章第一段阐述了当今社会中存在的种种沉迷、上瘾的现象。从文段中我们可以找出重要细节“... alcohol or drugs ... compulsive shoppers ... . impossible to pull ... from their work ... spend countless hours watching TV or playing computer games.”。其中的关键词可以依次对应： drinking，taking drugs，shopping，playing computer games，

working，watching。

77. 答案：The reason why some people /shopaholics have shopping addiction.

The possible reasons for shopaholism/shopping addition.

解析：这是一道段落主旨概括题，考查考生把握文段主题的能力和高度概括的能力。

确定主题句(Topic sentence)是获取段落主旨大意的一个有效方法。第三段的第一句“The question is，why do they have this addiction?”的表达具有概括性，结构简洁明了，本段中其它句子都是以此句为中心层层铺开的，它符合主题句的特点。所以本段的主旨是阐述购物成瘾的原因。

78. 答案：cause/bring about/result in many problems

解析：这是一道补全句子题，考查考生语篇衔接和综合归纳信息的能力。第四段位于本文最后，相对独立地阐述购物成瘾的危害。要补全的句子位于本段的首句，是本段的主题句。首句是一个由but连接的并列句，前后句呈转折关系。前半句Shopaholism seems to be a harmless addiction.说购物癖似乎无害，下半句应与其意义相反，强调购物癖的危害。下文涉及购物癖者会遇到精神和财政方面的问题和麻烦，都是对其危害的阐述。另外，本段中“Some of them can be psychological”和“It can also cause financial problems.”对补全的句子的结构进行了暗示。

79. 答案：If this is the case，people addicted to shopping should go to a support group to help them to break this habit.

解析：这是一道释义对照题，考查考生的综合理解能力和对英语句子释义的能力。

所给句子的意思是：因此，这些购物狂们应该向某个援助团体寻求帮助，以便能够停止这种难以自制的购物行为。在本文的第四段第三句与题中给出的句子意义相符。其中，If this is the case 对应 Accordingly；people addicted to shopping对应these shopaholics；a support group 对应 a certain organization for help；break this habit 对应 stop compulsive shopping。提取出关键实词的信息对应点是解答这道题的关键。

80. 答案：他们购物成瘾，而且通常买的都是用不着的东西。