英语口译教程答案

英语口译教程答案（精选6篇）

篇1：英语口译教程答案

14.5 中国西部人力资源开发国际研讨会的开幕词

尊敬的主席，尊敬的各位与会者，女士们先生们：

我很荣幸为此次中国西部人力资源开发国际研讨会致辞。

几天前，北京奥委会申请2008年奥运会举办权的优异表现给我们留下深刻印象。国际电视台向世界人民展示了一副生动形象的中国画面：现代化办公大楼和商业中心，衣着时尚潮流的人们，经济成功之路。此次会议在这个豪华的酒店举行很好地展现了中国的形象。然而，在中国游览过很多地方的人会知道，这并不是中国的全貌。

你可以说出很多方面来突出沿海地区与内陆地区的差异。比如说，在20世纪90年代间，东部沿海地区的经济增长速度比内陆省份快30%；内陆省份的人均国内生产总值连沿海地区的一半都不到。82%外资企业设在东部沿海地区，在外资企业的外贸交易中，仅有6%是在内陆地区进行的。

这些区域差距强烈地说服我们加速内陆省份的经济发展，政府的西部发展战略将加速西部地区的发展，推进更进一步的改革开放。亚洲开发行欢迎并支持这个战略。

现在，我想花几分钟告诉你们亚洲开发银行的职责，其职责是帮助促进西部区域的发展。亚发行在中国的运营战略是促进可持续的，亲民的经济增长，减少贫困问题，提高生产力，改善人们福利条件。

自1986亚发行运营开始，已借贷给中国大约100亿美元。中国充分利用了这笔钱，按计划实施的项目或提前实施的项目一般都到达目标。

亚发行的运营投资在地域重点上已经发生了巨大转变。在1986年至1995年间，大约三分之二的贷款是支持沿海地区的项目，三分之一的贷款是投放到内陆省份的项目。政府和亚发行制定了一个目标，要促进更加贫困的内地省份的经济发展。

想更好的管理投资，吸引更多的投资者到西部地区投资，就需要更好的人力资源。因此，人力资源开发已经成为实施开发西部政策中的重中之重。内陆地区有丰富的廉价劳动力提供。然而，高水平的人才和管理专家很紧缺。

西部地区面临着很多机遇。亚发行总结出的经验是，内陆省份的人力资源比沿海匮乏，制度机构比沿海薄弱。除非得到解决，不然会阻碍该地区的社会和经济发展。亚发行已承诺将其70%的支援提供给经济发展落后普遍贫困的内陆省份。然而，成功地加快西部地区的发展取决于其吸收能力，这需要通过体制完善和人力资源开发来加强。

亚发行携手国务院西部开发办公室准备为西部人力资源开发提供技术支援项目。研究的范围将聚焦在规划发展和项目财务管理领域的人力资源开发和能力建设。

亚发行将与西部开发办公室、亚洲开发银行机构共同努力发展这个计划。主要投入将包括咨询服务，国际会议，研讨会，培训活动。

主席，女士们先生们，最后我重申一下，我希望亚发行对政府战略的鼎力支持，将加快西部地区的发展。

祝愿大家在此次终于会议上有所收获。谢谢！

篇2：英语口译教程答案

P2 The eleventh five-year plan is a crucial strategic period for upgrading china’s tourism which will be faced with new opportunities and challenges.The tourism industry is continuously raising its status in the national economy.Currently, 24 provincial-cities have promoted tourism as their pillar, pioneering or crucial industry with the further optimization of the macro-environment of tourism.Accompanied by the progress of the development of the well-of society, the per capita GDP in china will jump from 1000 dollars to 3000 dollars, thus leading to a dramatically increased demand for tourism consumption.This constitutes the paramount driving force behind the sustainable bloom in china’s tourism.“十一五”是中国旅游业发展的重要战略提升期，面临着心得发展机遇和挑战。目前旅游业在国民经济中的地位不断提升，目前全国有24个省区市把旅游业定位为支柱产业、先导产业或重要产业，旅游业发展的宏观环境将进一步得到优化。随着全面建设小康社会的推进，中国人均生产总值将由1000美元向3000美元跨越，旅游消费需求将大幅度提升。这是中国旅游业持续兴旺的重要动力。

P3 随着旅游业综合功能的进一步加强，在扩大内需、拉动投资、带动脱贫，促进区域经济发展和城镇化建设等方面也将发挥更为积极的作用。“十一五”期间，中国将促进旅游产业体系建设，全面提升旅游产业素质，综合发挥旅游产业功能，把旅游业培养成为国民经济的重要产业。为建设世界旅游强国夯实基础，为全面建设小康社会，构建和谐社会作出积极贡献。

While seeing its strengthened comprehensive functions, tourism industry has a further active role to play in expanding domestic demand, attracting investment, helping shake off the poverty and giving impetus to regional economic development and urbanization development, etc.In the run of the eleventh Five-year Plan, China will push forward the development of the tourism industry system, improve the comprehensive tourism quality and give full play to tourism industrial function.In this way, tourism can become an important industry in the national economy, which lays a solid foundation for developing a world tourism power and contributes a great deal to creating a well-off and harmonious society.P4 徐霞客使中国明代伟大的地理学家，探险旅行家和游记文学家。他探人所未知，达人所未达，写下了不朽的《徐霞客游记》，被誉为东方的“马可波罗”，其传奇生涯对中国旅游产生了巨大影响。由中华人民共和国国家旅游局和江苏省人民政府主办“中国徐霞客国际旅游节”于2006年5月19日至5月26日在徐霞客故里中国无锡举行。

Xuxiake, the great geographer, explorer and writer in the Ming Dynasty of China, spent his life in travelling and discovering the vast land of china with the spirit of “traveling without boundaries” and finally accomplished the immortal masterpiece, the Xuxiake travelogue.Acknowledged as the “Marco Polo” in the east, his legendary life have left great influence on china’s tourism.“The China Xuxiake international tourism festival “was held in Wuxi, the hometown of Xuxiake, from may 19 to may 26,2006.This festival was co-hosted by the national tourism administration of People’s Republic of china and Jiangsu people’s government.Unit 2 P1 There are a large number of different service companies involved in the convention and exhibition industry including stand constructors, insurance companies, freight forwarders, travel agents, and hotels.However, the central role played by event organizers in bring together all these services makes them the most important industry service providers.In general the larger international organizations have a wide variety of shows whereas the smaller organizers tend to specialize in organizing similar shows in different locations.This enables them to leverage more business from exhibitors and establish themselves as experts in the field.会展业务中有很多不同的服务公司，如展位搭建商、保险公司、货代、旅行社以及酒店等。但是由于展会组织者扮演着将各种服务提供商聚集在一起的角色，因而展会组织者是展会业务中最重要的服务提供商。总的来说，大的组展商会组织一系列不同主题的展会，而小的展会组织者则趋向于在不同的地方组织类似的展会。这样使得他们能从参展商中获得更多的业务，并建立其特定的行业专家地位。

P2 The growth of the internet as a learning and information resource completely changes everything the exhibition industry has had before.Customers no longer rely upon exhibitions to determine what their options may be.They can gather information independently from us, often information of quality and depth that is better than anything we could ever hope to deliver.This means that we must create unique and valuable information resources about the industry that our events serve.We must truly understand what is important to our customers.We must assist our customers by pointing them in many different directions to gather the information that they want and need.因特网作为学习和信息资源的发展彻底改变了展会业以前的面貌。客户不再依赖展会来决定他们的选择。他们可以独立的从我们这儿得到信息，并且所获得信息的质量和深度比我们想象的还要好得多。这意味着我们必须能够提供展会所服务行业的独特并富有价值的信息。我们必须了解对客户来说哪些是真正重要的东西。我们必须向我们的顾客指出获取有用信息的不同的方式。

P3 香港是亚太地区重要的会展中心城市，一直以来也在发挥着内地与海外经贸联系的桥梁作用，每年举办的专业展览会80多项，吸引参展企业2万家，举办大型会议420多个，吸引来自世界各地的与会代表多达3.7万人和世界各地超过330万观众到港。会展业已成为香港的重要支柱产业之一。随着去年年底亚洲博览馆的投入使用，香港的会展业竞争力又有了一个新的提升。

Hong Kong is an important exhibition and conference center in Asia Pacific Region, and always plays as the bridge for economic and trade exchanges between the Mainland and overseas areas.There are more than 80 exhibitions and 420 conventions held every year, attracting more than 20000 exhibitors, 37000 delegates and 3.3million visitors from all over the world.Convention and exhibition industry is one of Hong Kong’s pile industries.Along with the opening of Asia World-Expo in the east of last year, the competitiveness of the conference and exhibition industry of Hong Kong has been upgraded.P4 展览业的国际化是展览业走向成熟的标志，展览会是推动国际贸易和经济技术合作的重要平台，展览业的国际化是展览业发展的必然趋势。国际贸易和经济技术合作的发展需要展览业的国际化，展览业的国际化又助推国际贸易和经济技术合作的发展，两者相互依存，又互相促进。

The internationalization is the symbol of the maturation of the exhibition sector, exhibitions are very important platforms of promoting the international business, and cooperation of economy and technology, the internationalization is the necessary trend of the development of the exhibitions.The development of the international business and the cooperation of economy and technology urges the internationalization of the exhibition sector, in the meanwhile the internationalization of the exhibition sector also promotes the development of the international business and the cooperation of the economy and technology, the two depend on each other and promote each other.Unit3 P1

Many years ago the world may have worried about the rise of China.Now it welcomes this as truly an opportunity for us all.China’s engagement in the world economy is strengthening, as well as the partnership between our two nations.British trade with china has doubled over the last year alone.This growth is faster than that of any other G8 countries.British is also the largest European investor in China.许多年前世界担心中国的腾飞，现在事实上，中国的经济发展对我们所有人来说都是一个机遇。中国再进一步参与全球经济，而我们两国的伙伴关系也进一步加深。中英贸易在过去5年中翻了一番，这一增长在八国集团国家中是增长最快的。英国在中国的投资也居欧洲国家之首。

P2

The cooperation is a natural step for both companies as they both share the same science-based culture as well as a common vision concerning the future of the industry.The benefits are many.For example, it will be able to deliver the full potential of the existing and future products through the joint strength and worldwide presence of the global sales and marketing operation of two companies.本次合作对两家公司而言都是自然的发展步骤，因为双方享有同样的以科技为本的文化，并对本行业发展有着相同的理念。这一举措带来的收益是很大的。例如，通过联合双方在全球范围内的销售和市场营销运作的强势，可以充分挖掘现有和未来产品的潜力。

P3 澳大利亚有着丰富的资源、发达的经济和先进的技术，中国有着众多的人口、巨大的市场和发展潜力，经济互补性很强。建立中澳长期稳定的经贸合作关系，符合两国和两国人民的根本利益。今天，我同霍华德总理进行富有成果的会谈，就发展中澳21世纪互利共赢的经贸合作关系达成广泛共识。我们一致同意扩大在贸易、投资、能源、矿产资源等领域的合作加快中澳自由贸易区的谈判进程，实现互利共赢。

Australia enjoys rich resources, a developed economy and advanced technology, whereas china has a larger population, a huge market and tremendous potential for development.Our economies are highly complementary.A long-term and stable business cooperation between China and Australia serves the fundamental interests of both countries and peoples.Prime minister john Howard and I had fruitful discussions today and we reached broad agreement on developing China-Australia business cooperation for mutual benefit and win-win outcome in the 21st century.We both agreed to expand our cooperation in trade, investment, energy, mining resources and other fields to accelerate the China-Australia FTA negotiations for mutual benefit and common progress.P4 中美经贸合作发展迅速，中国已成为美国第三大贸易伙伴和增长最快的出口市场，美国则是中国第二大贸易合作伙伴和最大外资来源地。中美经贸合作不仅给两国人民带来了巨大的实惠，也促进了世界经济增长。中国大量价廉物美的产品出口到美国，缓解了美国的通胀压力，每年为美国消费者节省近200亿美元。美国的资金、技术和管理经验为中国经济注入了活力。中国很多年轻人打的是摩托罗拉手机，用的是戴尔、康柏笔记本电脑，与朋友相聚在星巴克、麦当劳或肯德基。

With the rapidly growing Sino-U.S.economy cooperation, China has become the third largest trading partner and the fastest-growing export market of the United States, while the U.S.is now China’s second largest trading partner and top source of FDI.Such cooperation has not only delivered enormous tangible benefits to the two peoples but also boosted economic growth across the world.The import by the U.S.of larger amounts of Chinese products of good quality and low prices has alleviated the inflation pressure and saved American consumers nearly U.S.$20 billion every year.American capital, technology and managerial expertise, in turn, have instilled vitality into the Chinese economy.Many young Chinese are making calls with Motorola cell phones, working with Dell or Compaq laptops, and hanging out with friends in Starbucks , McDonald’s or KFC.Unit4 P1 The current global environment is, taken as a whole, as promising as it has been for the last few years.Last year’s growth performance was impressive by any standard.And low inflation globally has provided a significantly improved environment for economic policymaking.But there are clouds on the horizon: continuing geopolitical uncertainly;the global payments imbalances;uncomfortably high energy prices.The old adage is true---it really does make sense to fix the roof while the sun is shining.Longer term stability will only come if governments follow prudent fiscal polices and undertake reforms during good times.总体来说目前的国际环境与过去的几年一样令人乐观。无论用什么标准来看，去年的经济增长都很出色。全球的低通货膨胀率为经济政策的制定显著改善了环境。然而天边也有阴云：地缘政治的不确定性持续不断，全球收支失衡依然存在，高昂的油价令人担忧。古话说得好，未雨绸缪很有必要。只有政府采取谨慎的财政政策并在经济景气的时候进行改革才能获得长期稳定。

P2 Last year was the best year for global GDP growth in decades.Most parts of the world recorded improved growth performance.The prospects for this year remain favorable, although growth is likely to be at a slower, more sustainable pace: it is projected to fall from about 5% to under 4.5% this year.Global trade has also recovered strongly since the downturn in 2001, and continues to be an important engine of growth: it is currently expanding at something close to twice the rate of growth of the world GDP.去年是十几年来全球总值增长最快的一年。世界大部分地区都有进一步增长。今年的前景看来也很乐观，尽管增长速度可能会稍微慢一些，持续性会更强一些。预计今年的增长率会从5%下降到不足4.5%。全球贸易自从2001年低迷时期以后也反弹强劲，并且继续成为增长的重要动力：目前的增长速度几乎是全球国内生产总值的两倍。

P3 亚洲有49个国家和地区，大部分是发展经济体。全球经济化，有利于它们更多地获得资金，尤其是跨国公司的直接投资，加快经济发展和结构调整；有利于他们更好的利用自身优势，开拓国际市场，发展对外经济贸易；有利于他们更快的得到先进技术、管理经验，发挥后发优势，实现技术跨越。

There are 49 countries and regions in Asia, and most of them are developing economies.Economic globalization will benefit them in the following manner: it will facilitate their access to more capital, especially direct investment from multinationals, which will enable them to speed up their economic development and restructuring.It will encourage them acquire and exploit new markets and develop foreign trade and economic cooperation with other countries by giving full play to their advantages.Furthermore, it will enable them to acquire advanced technologies and management expertise more quickly so that they will be able to make better use of their advantages as late starters and attain technological progress by leaps and bounds.P 4 同时也必须看到，经济全球化是一把双刃剑。由于不合理、不公正的国际政治经济秩序没有得到根本改变，经济全球化加剧了各国各地区发展不平衡性。尤其是使南北的发展差距，贫富差距进一步扩大。经济全球化也使发展中国家更容易受到外部经济波动和金融危机的影响。上个世纪90年代末发生的亚洲金融危机，就是亚洲一些国家和地区受到猛烈冲击。

At the same time, it must be noted that economic globalization is a double-edge sword.As the unfair and unreasonable international political and economic order has not been fundamentally changed yet, economic globalization has exacerbated the uneven development among countries and regions and widened, in particular, the gap between the North and the South and between the rich and the poor.It has also made developing countries more vulnerable to the impact of external economic turmoil and financial crisis, as evidenced by the grave impact of the Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s on some Asian countries and regions.Unit 5 Mr.President, Madam Liu, Laura and I are honored to welcome you and your delegation to the White House.It’s a pleasure to have you here, along with our other distinguished guests.In 2008, China will welcome athletes from all over the world as your great nation hosts the summer Olympics.Beijing will showcase China’s transformation and demonstrate China’s commitment to the international institutions that make fair and peaceful competition possible for all nations.Mr.President, I thank you for the constructive and candid conversations we had this morning.I appreciate the opportunity to expand the dialogue between our two great nations.And Mr.President, I’m pleased to offer a toast to you and to your gracious wife, and to the people of China.主席阁下，刘女士，劳拉和我非常荣幸欢迎您和您的代表团来到白宫。非常高兴您还有其他尊贵的朋友能来到白宫。2008年中国举办奥运会，届时来自世界各地的运动员将齐聚中国。北京将向世人展示中国的转变，展示中国致力于建立一个对于所有国家都公正和平的竞争环境的承诺。主席阁下，感谢您今天早上与我进行了坦诚并富有建设性的谈话。我十分珍惜在我们两个伟大国家之间进一步拓宽对话的机会。主席阁下，让我们为您、为您的尊贵的夫人、为中国人民干杯！

P 2 Today, I am delighted to have this opportunity to attend the Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum, and discuss with distinguished statesman, entrepreneurs and scholars from many countries the prospect of the world economy in the 1990s.Please allow me to extend my greetings to the President to the President of the Annual Meeting and all the ladies and gentlemen present here.My greetings also go to government and people of our host, the Swiss Confederation.我今天十分高兴有机会参加世界经济论坛年会，与来自各国的政治家、企业家和学者们讨论90年代世界经济形势展望，请允许我向大会主席，以及与会的女士们、先生们致意；同时还要向东道主瑞士政府和人民致意。

篇3：英语口译教程答案

《英汉商务口译》这门课程在我校开设已近四年了, 开课以来, 一直使用由上海外国语大学梅德明教授编写并由上海外语教育出版社出版的《中级口译教程》。这是一本时代感很强、语言非常优美地道的口译教材, 值得学习。在这门课的教学过程中, 由于时间有限 (每周只有两节课) , 只选用了其中的小部分内容, 而且本书对于我校很多学生 (高职院校英语专业) 来说难度偏高。学生企盼有一套适合他们水平及学习时间的教材, 因此, 我依据四年来的教学经验编写了这本英汉商务口译基础教材, 以适应我校这门课的教学及我校学生的英语水平。

这学期我聆听了浙江工商大学陈明瑶教授的《特殊用途英语》这门课, 有诸多收获, 想结合从这门课所学习的理论分析我所编写的这本教材的优势及不足之处, 以便对本教材作一些修订, 更好地为以后该门课的教学服务。

二、课程设计、大纲及教材

本书共分十个单元, 第一单元是口译概述, 后面的九个单元分别针对商务口译的常见场合提供了适量的口译培训内容。这些场合包括:接待口译 (Interpreting for Reception Service) 、会谈口译 (Interpreting Conversations) 、访谈口译 (Interpreting Interviews) 、礼仪口译 (Interpreting Ceremonial Speeches) 、介绍口译 (Interpreting Informative Speeches) 及商务口译 (Interpreting Business Speeches) 。而后面三个场合根据目的语不同又分英汉和汉英两个方向。这九个单元的编写结构包括热身听力 (Warm-up Listening) 、句子听译 (Listen and Interpret the Following Sentences) 、词汇预习 (Vocabulary Work) 、课文口译 (Text for Interpretation) 、口译笔记 (Notes for the Interpretation) 、口译技巧总结 (Developing Skills) 、词汇扩展 (Expand Your Vocabulary) 、句子精练 (Sentences in Focus) 、牛刀小试 (Give It a Try) 、强化练习 (Consolidation Exercises) 十个部分。第一部分的“热身听力”主要让学生听一些真实生动的英语原声录音, 以进一步提高学生的英语听力, 学生可练习重述或听写, 因为只有先听懂才可能口译出来;第二部分的“句子听译”直接摘自中级口译的考题录音, 目的是让学生练习做笔记并做一些非常基础的句子口译;第三部分的“词汇预习”是为后一部分的“课文口译”扫除词汇障碍;之后就可以比较顺利地做课文的口译;第五部分的“口译笔记”所留空白是方便学生在口译操练和教师讲解时做一些笔记;第六部分的“口译技巧总结”则是在教师结合课文口译讲解口译技巧时, 学生可做一些有关口译技巧的笔记, 以便课后反思及运用;第七部分的“词汇扩展”是帮助学生扩大各个口译场合的常见短语和表达法;第八部分的“句子精练”是对各口译场合常见句型及难点句子的口译练习, 便于学生在课后做口译练习;第九部分的“牛刀小试”则是加大这一课后操练的难度, 为学生提供更多的口译练习;最后一部分的强化练习包括较高难度的听写、阅读训练及笔译练习, 这些都是从历年上海市英语中级口译考试的真题中选取的, 目的是为了提高学生的口译综合能力, 并方便部分有抱负的学生备考中级口译考试。本书的附录中还介绍了上海市英语中级口译考试中口译测试的要求、题型和形式, 并提供了3套口译测试模拟试卷供学生测试;附录中还补充了其他方面常见的词汇和表达方式。这一编排体例凝聚了我四年来的教学经验, 既吸取了其他口译教材的优点, 也弥补了其他口译教材的不足, 包含了我的一些创新, 相信对有效提高学生的口译能力和英语水平有很大的帮助。

本书的课程设计很好地遵循了Tom Hutchinson和Allen Waters在他们所编写的《特殊用途英语》中所提出的原则。学习理论 (Theory of Learning) 方面, 本书的编写遵循了1.Behaviorism:learning as habit formation, 每单元第二部分的课文口译提供了富有时代气息的供学生反复操练的口译材料;2.Cognitive code:learners as thinking beings, 如每单元Consolidation Exercise的笔译练习, 第十单元的这部分就涉及了上海世博会的内容。从课程设计的方法来说 (Approaches to Course Design) , 本教材既采用了skill-centered course design (介绍了大量的口译技巧并反复操练这些技巧) , 也采用了learning-centered course design (课堂上始终以学习者为中心, 教师主要起到一个指导的作用。) 在大纲设计方面, 本教材也特别注意了materials syllabus及learner syllabus, 针对学生选用了生动且实用的教学材料。

三、样例单元分析及教师和学习者使用说明

本教材的总体结构是按照口译实践的真实场景及程序设计的, 第一单元是口译概述, 让学生对口译的定义、特点、口译的今昔及口译难点有一个完整的了解, 之后在第二单元是接待口译 (比如去机场迎接外宾) , 第三单元是会谈口译 (如外宾到达之后的简单会谈口译) , 第四单元是访谈口译 (如外宾到达之后的简单采访) , 第五、六单元是礼仪口译 (比如在接待宴会上的讲话) , 第七、八单元是介绍口译 (如对公司情况的介绍) , 第九、十单元是商务口译 (涉及中外商务谈判这一实质内容, 是本书的重中之重) 。这样的设计完全符合中外交流的程序, 科学且易理解。

至于每个单元的设计体例在前面已作了简短说明, 这里结合教师和学习者对教材的使用作进一步的说明。后九个单元的编写结构包括热身听力 (Warm-up Listening) 、句子听译 (Listen and Interpret the Following Sentences) 、词汇预习 (Vocabulary Work) 、课文口译 (Text for Interpretation) 、口译笔记 (Notes for the Interpretation) 、口译技巧总结 (Developing Skills) 、词汇扩展 (Expand Your Vocabulary) 、句子精练 (Sentences in Focus) 、牛刀小试 (Give It a Try) 、强化练习 (Consolidation Exercises) 十个部分。第一部分的“热身听力”主要让学生听一些真实生动的英语原声录音, 以进一步提高学生的英语听力, 学生可练习重述或听写, 因为只有先听懂才可能口译出来。该部分材料很多来自于张明伦编写的《听力入门》第一至四册的内容, 也可使用可可听力网上每天的VOA或BBC的广播录音;第二部分的“句子听译”直接摘自中级口译的考题录音, 目的是让学生练习做笔记并做一些非常基础的句子口译, 学生要学会一些做笔记的技巧并掌握一些常见的速记符号。第三部分的“词汇预习”是为后一部分的“课文口译”扫除词汇障碍;之后就可以比较顺利地做课文的口译;第五部分的“口译笔记”所留空白是方便学生在口译操练和教师讲解时做一些笔记, 比如记下一些重要表达方法及难点句子的理解;第六部分的“口译技巧总结”则是在教师结合课文口译讲解口译技巧时学生可做一些有关口译技巧的笔记, 以便课后反思及运用;第七部分的“词汇扩展”是帮助学生扩大各个口译场合的常见短语和表达法, 该部分十分重要, 学生课后需花必要的时间熟练掌握;第八部分的“句子精练”是对各口译场合常见句型及难点句子的口译练习, 便于学生在课后做口译练习;第九部分的“牛刀小试”则是加大这一课后操练的难度, 为学生提供更多的口译练习;最后一部分的强化练习包括较高难度的听写、阅读训练及笔译练习, 这些都是从历年上海市英语中级口译考试的真题中选取的, 目的是为了提高学生的口译综合能力, 并方便部分有抱负的学生备考上海中级口译考试。本书的附录中还补充了其他方面常见的词汇和表达方式, 帮助学生掌握大量生动且有用的词汇, 如各类世界著名品牌、全球著名企业及联合国主要机构一览等。

需要指出的是, 课堂上教师需要充分使用Tom Hutchinson和Allen Waters所提出的ESP教学方法 (如variety, prediction, enjoyment, involvement creativity, atmosphere) 充分调动学生的积极性, 给学生大量的时间进行口译的操练, 而不是以教师的讲解为主;课后学生也需要挤出尽可能多的时间和自己的口译对子进行练习, 只有通过足够的练习才能达到完美。

四、结语

这篇论文结合Tom Hutchinson和Allen Waters所提出的ESP的教材编写及教学原则对我个人所编写的ESP教材《英汉商务口译基础教程》的编写原则及思路作了一个比较详细的说明, 提出了该教材编写的一些优点, 但这本教材还有一些需要改进的地方, 如增加课文口译的材料及各个场合常用的口译词汇, 补充一些口译技巧的讲解及举例说明等, 更好地为教师和学习者所使用。

参考文献

[1]Hutchinson, Tom.English for Specific Purpose[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Press.2006:21-144.

[2]梅德明.中级口译教程[M].上海外语教育出版社, 2008:347-360.

[3]冯庆华.实用翻译教程[M].上海外语教育出版社, 2002.

[4]齐伟钧, 孙万彪.基础口译教程[M].上海外语教育出版社, 2008.

篇4：与《现代汉译英口译教程》商榷

关键词 ：汉英口译；教程；商榷

［中图分类号］H315.9

［文献标识码］A

［文章编号］1006-2831(2006)10-0048-4

Abstract: Though Contemporary Oral Interpreting is an outstanding course book, this paper argues that there are still a few disputable points in its grammar, diction, etc.

Key words: Chinese-English interpreting, course book, discussion

1.引言

十年前，笔者作为一名英语专业的高年级学生，口译课所采用的教材是北京外国语大学吴冰教授主编的《汉译英口译教程》（修订版）。这本“蓝皮书”不仅是笔者学习口译的启蒙教材，也是多年职业生涯中的良师益友，所以一直爱不释手。十年后，笔者再次发现了吴冰教授的新作《现代汉译英口译教程》（以下简称《现代》），简直如获至宝。《现代》与时俱进、题材丰富、体系完整，在汉译英口译理论和实践方面都具有极高的指导意义。笔者认为，《现代》不仅是在校学生学习口译的优秀教材，也是广大翻译工作者必备的参考书，其优点不一而足。当然，笔者在细嚼慢咽的过程中，也发现了为数不多的一些值得商榷的地方，今天在这里提出来，希望得到各位前辈的指点。

2.拼写、构词及标点等错误

1）原文：Action Plan for Invigorating Edueation Towards the 21st Century《面向21世纪教育振兴计划》 (p.53)

讨论：Edueation应为Education。

2）原文：sustainable development持续发展 (p.115)

讨论：标准译法是可持续发展。

3）原文：《白蛇传》The white Snake(p.402)

讨论：white的第一个字母应该大写。

4）原文：environmental-friendly环保的，对环境有利的 (p.306)

讨论 ：名词—形容词合成新形容词的现象很普遍，例如eco-friendly，ozone-friendly，user-friendly等，这里应该是environment-friendly，也可以用environmentally friendly。

5）原文 ：艾滋病（获得性免疫功能丧失综合症） AIDS/Acquired Immunity Deficiency Syndrome (p.183)

讨论：immunity是一个名词，而这里需要形容词，所以AIDS的全称是Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome。

6）原文：environment problems (p.304)

讨论：名词固然也可以修饰另一个名词，例如potato chips，但是这里改成environmental problems更规范。

7）原文 ：Arab and Persian merchants (p.149)

讨论：和Persian对应，Arab也应该用形容词Arabian。

8）原文：June 2000.6.16 (p.244)

讨论：仓促之中多了一个六月。

9）原文：The Ministry of Education of the PRC is responsible for implementing related laws regulations and policies of the central government. (p.43)

讨论：laws与regulations之间少了一个逗号。

10）原文：保障妇女的合法权益是全社会的共同责任。The protection of women lawful rights and interests is a common responsibility of the whole society. (p.76)

讨论：women应该为women's。

3.关于民族的翻译

原文：all nationalities in China (p.109)

Each of China誷 nationalities has its own musical instruments. (p.385)

Almost every male of the Miao nationality... (pp.385-386)

讨论 ：nationality主要是指国籍或国民，如：the question of the dual nationality（双重国籍问题）、men of all nationalities（世界各国人民）、I am of Chinese nationality（我是中国籍）等，少数民族应译作minority ethnic groups或ethnic minorities，所以中国各民族应该译作：all ethnic groups in China，苗族应译作the Miao people或者the Miao ethnic group。

4.关于一个中国的翻译

原文 ：the principle of one China (p.363，下同)

the principle of “one China”

讨论 ：通常情况下，one和two应该小写，例如one country, two systems（一国两制），然而在表示一个中国的原则中，one应该大写，例如the One-China Principle ；引号既可表示引用，也可以表示轻蔑，例如Taiwan's activities in “expanding its living space internationally”（台湾所谓“扩大国际生存空间”的活动），所以笔者认为原文加引号不妥

5.关于解放的翻译

原文：at the time of liberation (p.2)

before liberation (p.130)

after liberation (p.130)

讨论：对于一个不甚了解中国历史和国情的外国人来说，上述翻译太笼统，不如分别译为when/before/after the People誷 Republic of China was founded，或者直截了当译作in/before/after 1949。

6.关于职务职称的翻译

原文：局长bureau-director (p.81，下同)

副局长 vice-bureau director

副市长 vice-mayor

研究员 research fellow

副研究员 associate researcher

大专院校校长 president; chancellor

副校长 vice-president; vice-chancellor

讨论：把局长翻译成bureau-director有中式英语的嫌疑，若该“局”具有一定的规模，下属若干个县处级directors（主任/处长），那么最好把局长翻译成director-general，而把副局长译作deputy director-general ；“副”对应的英文常见的有vice，deputy，associate等几个词，但是各有习惯的搭配，例如 ：deputy mayor（副市长），deputy director（副处长/副主任），vice chairman（副主席），vice president（副校长/副会长），associate professor（副教授）等 ；研究员和副研究员与教授和副教授同属于正高级和副高级职称，分别翻译为professor和associate professor更为妥当；chancellor在英联邦国家一般指的是名誉校长，例如孟加拉国的大学chancellor一般由总统担任；vice-chancellor才是真正的校长，例如牛津大学的校长约翰·胡德博士的英文实为Dr John Hood, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford；此外某些国家习惯称校长为rector，称副校长为pro-rector。

7.关于书名的翻译

1）原文 ：《金瓶梅》Jing Ping Mei(p.403，下同)

讨论：把《金瓶梅》译作Jing Ping Mei是非常不负责任的，会让外国读者不知所云；即便采用音译，金字的汉语拼音字母也因该是jin而不是jing。可供参考的翻译有The Golden Lotus或The Plum in the Golden Vase。

2）原文：《儒林外史》Scholars

讨论：Scholars前一定要有定冠词the，表示特指。

3）原文 ：《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of Liaozhai

讨论 ：对于外国读者来说，liaozhai没有任何意义，此书名有效的信息只有Strange Tales两个词，不能相对完整地体现原貌，因此推荐一种译法 ：Strange Tales From Make-Do Studio；如果非要兼顾原文，不妨采取折衷的方式，译作Strange Tales from the Liaozhai Studio。

8.关于河流名称的翻译

原文：

Guilin on the bank of the Li River is said to have the most spectacular landscape in China. (p.1)

珠江 the Pearl River (p.11)

讨论 ：两个字的河流名称一般要全部拼出来再加上通名，如Dianchi Lake（滇池），Lijiang River（漓江）和Zhujiang River（珠江）等，但Yellow River（黄河）例外 ；而三个或以上的字命名的江河则需要将全名翻译出来，如Lancang River（澜沧江）和Huangpu River（黄浦江）。

9.其它短语的翻译

1）原文：pailou 牌楼 (p.9)

讨论：一些带有中国特色的概念，音译之后要有相应的解释，这里可将pailou替换为pailou, a kind of decorated archway。

2）原文：人口自然增长率 rate of natural growth (p.117)

讨论：rate of natural growth只表达了自然增长率的意思，这里还应该在growth之前加上population。

3）原文：独资企业 wholly foreign-owned enterprise (p.209)

讨论：独资企业可以是外商独资企业，也可以是个人独资企业，因此还应该加上sole proprietor-ship或enterprise owned by a sole investor等译法。

4）原文 ：来样加工 processing according to investor's samples (p.252)

讨论：译作processing according to client's/buyer's samples更科学。

5）原文：wide-band and high-speed transmission networks 宽带高速的传输网络(p.269)

讨论：宽带是信息社会的一个热门词汇，国外一般把因特网的“宽带”称为broadband ；而wide-band是指运用于无线电技术的“宽带”。

10.关于表方位的名词和形容词的用法

原文：The Temple of Heaven, the largest group of temple buildings in China, was constructed in southeast Beijing in 1420. (p.5)

...among the 11 provinces in the southwest and northwest part of China... (p.44)

讨论：southeast等词一般放在国际或地区名称之前并大写，且不用定冠词，如Southeast Asia和East China等；northwestern等以-ern结尾的形容词通常与介词短语连用并小写，如：the western part of Northeast China, the northern part of North China, and Northwest China。

11.关于数词的用法

原文 ：19 Chinese were awarded the "Olympic Medal of Honor?conferred by the International Olympic Committee. (p.23)

10,000 teachers will be selected batch by batch from HEIs as core members in various fields of study through competition all over the country. (p.47)

讨论 ：在句首时，阿拉伯数字要转换成文字，因此19和10,000要分别替换成Nineteen和Ten thousand。当然，如果句首的数字特别巨大，或者一个句子包含若干个数词，那么转换也不能解决问题，必须要考虑改写句子。

12.其它语法错误

1)原文 ：In the last two or three decades, many new skyscrapers emerged, among them are the Capital Mansions, and Jingguang Center. (p.2)

讨论：上述两个并列句之间应该有连词and或者将逗号改为分号，也可以把them改为which从而把后半部分变成一个从句。

2)原文：Conditions should be created for setting up bases for the commercialization of high and new technologies and develop science and technology parks around higher education institutions. (p.49)

讨论 ：很明显develop不是conditions的谓语，应该将它改为动名词developing作为介词for的另一个宾语。

3)原文：Sentiments such as 襤ave sons early?.. (p.109)

讨论 ：as是一个介词，所以最好将have改为动名词，即用动名词短语having sons early作为介词宾语。

4)原文：Later, under the ultraleft tendency between 1966 and 1976 during the Cultural Revolution, even these household sideline production activities were declared to be 襝apitalist?and were arrested in many places. (p.222)

讨论：姑且不论under引导的介词短语不够简练，these household sideline production activities只能作为were declared to be "capitalist" and were arrested in many places实际上没有主语，应该加上逻辑主语如the owners。

5)原文：禁止用迷信、暴力手段残害妇女。Cruel treatment causing injury even death of women by superstition or violence is prohibited. (p.77)

讨论：even之前缺少一个连词or。

6)原文：The average life expectancy of Chinese people, the death rate of infants and childbirth death rate have approached the world advanced levels. (p.169)

讨论 ：approached the world advanced levels在这里是一个模棱两可的概念，the death rate of infants and childbirth death rate达到世界“先进”水平未必是件好事情，因此应该明确是增加还是减少，幅度多大。

7)原文：to provide quality services and reasonable prices to attract patients (p.170)

讨论：provide不宜和reasonable prices搭配，把and reasonable prices改成at reasonable prices就显得合情合理。

8)原文：graduate job seeker (p.48)

讨论：一个可数名词通常以三种形式出现，如a book, the book, books等，这里结合上下文，应该用复数形式seekers。

9)原文 ：Qin Shi Huang, the First Emperor of Qin dynasty (p.127)

讨论 ：Qin dynasty之前最好有一个定冠词the。

13.生僻字的使用

1）原文 ：These unshirkable duties are written into China's Marriage Law. (p.90)

unshirkable（工作、责任等）无法逃避的 (p.93)

讨论：很多动词加上后缀able构成形容词，再加上前缀un构成它的反义词，可见unshirkable一词是由词干shirk演变而来的，但是这一个单词在若干字典上都无法查到，可以断定为一个生僻字，鉴于口译的特点，建议换成inescapable。

2）原文：some 200 years b.c.e. (p.127)

讨论：很多来源于拉丁语的缩略语习惯用小写的省略形式，如i.e.和e.g.等，然而来源于英语的缩略语，大多使用大写的省略形式，如BC（或B.C.）。BCE或B.C.E来源于英语，即before the Common Era（公元前），省略形式一般要大写，相比BC而言次常用。

参考文献

包惠南、包昂编著. 中国文化与汉英翻译[M]. 北京: 外文出版社，2004.

方梦之、马秉义编选. 汉译英实践与技巧[C]. 北京: 旅游教育出版社，1996.

霍恩比(A. S. Hornby)原著. 牛津高阶英汉双解词典(第六版)[Z]. 北京: 商务印书馆，2005.

吴冰主编. 现代汉译英口译教程[M]. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社，2004.

吴光华主编. 汉英大辞典[Z]. 上海: 上海交通大学出版社，1995.

篇5：英语口译教程答案

P 2 Indian and Iranian civilizations enjoy an ancient coexistence.The two nations have experienced friendly relations at least 3500 years.Both civilizations, with their shared racial origin, descending from the Aryan tribes, and the abundant cultural affinities, played an active role in developing human civilization and neither was considered a “marginal civilization”.In fact, the civilizations’ commonalities are unique and the frequent exchanges of visit by both countries’ educated people and common people have led to close relationship between the nations.印度文明和伊朗文明自古以来就相安共处。3500多年以来，两国一直保持着良好的关系。这两种文明拥有共同的种族渊源——都起源于亚利安部落和众多的文化相似性，在人类文明的发展中起到了积极的作用，都不是“边缘文化”。事实上，印度文明和伊朗文明有着许多独特的共性，两国知识分子和平民大众间频繁互访也在也在两国间建立起了密切联系。

P 3 中国和南非的友谊源远流长，可以追溯到公元16世纪。自1998年1月1日在中南两国建立外交关系以来，双边经贸合作和文化交流受到两国政府的高度重视；各种投资及合作项目雨后春笋般地在两国生根发芽。在经济全球化发展的格局中，中南两国之间的巨大互补性使得两国之间的交往和交流不仅成为一种可能，而且成为一种必然。

The friendship between China and South Africa can be traced back to the sixth century.After the establishment of the formal diplomatic relationship between china and south Africa on January 1,1998, both governments have paid special attention to the bilateral trade cooperation and cultural exchanges.Many investment and cooperation projects have been rapidly set up in both countries.With the globalization of the world economy, the complementation of South Africa and china not only makes the cooperation and exchanges between them possible, but also offers a definite historical choice.P 4 金秋十月，肯尼迪中心将带给您崭新的中国表演艺术和文化体验。拥有上下五千年悠久历史和13亿人的中国，正以惊人的步伐迈入21世纪。正当这充满活力的中华文明升起并闪耀在世界舞台之时，肯尼迪中心的“中国文化节”将向您展示这个国家传统与崭新的面貌，熟悉与神奇的风采。

During the month of October, the Kennedy center is your destination for a groundbreaking experience in Chinese performing arts and culture.Rich with 5000 years of history and 1.3 billion people, China has moved into the 21st century at a breathtaking pace.As this dynamic civilization catapults to prominence upon the world stage, the Kennedy Center’s Festival of China reveals fascinating visions of the country that are ancient and new, familiar and exotic.Unit 8 P1 Today let me give you not a definition but a description of country music in the United States, first of all, the themes in country music are traditionally rural-oriented and very often southern.Second, the lyrics----or words of the song----

are usually country simple and basic.The guitar is the main music instruments, too, but usually country music is built around the guitar.And the country singer’s voice traditionally had a nasal quality and often a southern or southwestern accent.今天，我要给你们讲的不是美国乡村音乐的定义，而是它的描述。首先，乡村音乐的主题是传统的，以乡村为题，经常指南方乡村音乐。其二，歌词通常简单明了。吉他是乡村音乐的主要乐器，你也能听到钢琴和其他乐器声，但乡村音乐通常以吉他为主。乡村音乐的歌手传统上带有鼻音，往往还带有南方或西南方口音。

P2 In an age that haughtily made man the measures of all things, Shakespeare betrayed the essential fragility of the species, defining humanity with the stories that continue to be our parable, both existentialist and romantic.His works are still the vessels of our dreams and thoughts.“Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?’’ ”A tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing.’’For the generations after him, Shakespeare would be both goad and god----not only the autocrat of the English language but a seer into what Coleridge called “the inferior nature” of human existence.We know little of Shakespeare’s interior life, and some even question his identity.But there is no need for pyramids or monuments.His monument is his name.Shakespeare is now the global code word for culture.在人类能够趾高气扬评判一切事物的时代，莎士比亚讲述了至今仍为我们所传颂的存在主义和浪漫主义故事，给人类重新定义，届时除了人类脆弱的本性。他的话语仍然是我们梦想和思想的导管。“我能把你夏天相比拟？”“人生不过是痴人说梦，充满喧嚣与哗动，却了无异议。”对于莎士比亚之后的一代又一代的人来说，他既催人奋进，又令人望尘莫及，逼近英语无人匹敌，而且对于人类的本性的洞察入木三分。对于莎士比亚的内心世界，我们知之甚少，有人甚至怀疑是否确有其人。但是莎士比亚不需要金字塔，不需要纪念碑。他的纪念碑就是他的名字。莎士比亚已经是全球文化的代名词。

P3 电影节明星云集无疑是锦上添花的点睛之笔，但电影节最大的亮点无疑是成百部精心挑选的国际影坛佳作的集中放映。在入选的影片中，文艺片、商业片、独立制作的小成本影片甚至另类电影比比皆是，更有电影短片、纪录片的加入，影片展映可谓异彩纷呈，满足了境外嘉宾，电影专业人士以及广大影迷电影艺术的不同追求。电影节的影片放映不同于常规的影院业放映，它充分体现了电影的多元与多变，强化了电影的艺术性和纯粹性，为那些追求卓越生活品质、享受艺术和崇尚艺术的人提供不可多得的机会。

Numerous shining stars perfects the festival with glory, but the true focus of the film festival is the screening of excellent films selected from hundreds of films.These films include art films, commercial films, low-budget independent films, and also with the join in of short films and documentaries, the international panorama becomes much more diversified and splendid.The enriching selection is able to fulfill the multi needs of foreign guests, film specialist, and of course the local mass audience.Screenings during the festival is different from the usual box office line of screening.Festival screenings fully display the diversity and ever–changing phases of films.The pureness and aesthetics of films are intensified, thus making it easier for people in persuasion of high quality life and artistic taste.P4 在中国每星期的标准工作时间为40小时，如此可使工作的人有充分的时间娱乐和进修。除体育和健身外，摄影、集邮、缝纫和园艺是大众喜爱的消遣。其他的爱好包括绘画、雕塑、木工及金属工。

The standard work hours every week in china is 40 hours.This gives workers ample times for recreation and educational pursuits.In addition to sports and keep fit activities, photography, stamp collecting, needlework, and gardening are popular leisure pursuits.Other hobbies people enjoy include painting, sculpture, wood and metal work.Unit 9 P1 Environmental pollution is a term that refers to all the way by which man pollutes his surroundings.Man dirties the air with gasses and smoke, poisons the water with chemicals and other substances, and damages the soil with too many fertilizers and pesticides.Man also pollutes his surroundings in various other ways.For example, people ruin natural beauty by scattering junk and litter on the land and in the water.They operate machines and motor vehicles that fill the air with disturbing noise.Nearly everyone causes pollution in some way.环境污染是指人们利用各种方式污染周围环境的一个术语。人们通过气体和烟雾来污染空气，用化学物质以及其他物质污染水源，还用大量的化肥和杀虫剂破坏土壤。人们还通过其他的方式污染着环境。例如，总有人往地面上和水里扔垃圾，破坏自然美。人们使用的一些机器和交通工具噪音很大。可以说，几乎每个人都在某种程度上对周围环境造成污染。

P 2 People may differ in what they consider to be a pollutant, on the basis of their assessment of benefits and risks to their health and economic well-being.For example, visible and invisible chemicals spewed into the air or water from a plant nearby pose a danger to the people nearby and other animals and plants.However, if the installation of expensive pollution controls leads to the reduction of productivity, the unemployed might feel that the risks from polluted air and water are minor weighted against the benefits of profitable---some forms of air pollution might be a slight annoyance to a healthy person but life threatening to someone with emphysema or another respiratory disorder.基于环境污染对人类健康和生活所带来的利弊的不同估计，人们对同一污染源持有不同的看法。例如，有形和无形的化学原料从附近的工厂排放到空气或水中，这对于附近的人和其他的生物构成危害。但是，如果该工厂因装臵昂贵的控污的设备而导致生产成本提高，失业工人也许会觉得废气废水所造成的危险与拥有丰厚利润的工作相比真是微乎其微。同种程度的污染对不同的影响也不同。比如说，某些空气污染对于一个健康的人来说只是小烦恼，而对患有肺气肿或呼吸道疾病的人来说却是生死攸关的。

P 3 水污染使我们用来饮用和清洗的纯净新鲜的水资源不断减少，用于游泳、垂钓的水源也在减少。水污染源主要来自工业、农场以及排水系统。

每年有数千万吨工业废物被倾倒入水中，这些废物包括化学原料，来自动植物的废物，以及其他上百种废物。农场废物包括动植物排泄、化肥和杀虫剂。其中大部分物体都从田地里排除流入附近的水中。排水系统将来自每家每户，办公室和工业中的废水排出。

Water pollution reduces the amount of pore, fresh water that is available for such necessities as drinking and cleaning, and for such activities as swimming and fishing.The pollutants that affect water come mainly from industries, farm, and sewerage systems.Industries dump millions of tons of waste products into bodies of water each year.These wastes include chemicals, wastes from animal and plant matter, and hundreds of other substances.Wastes rfrom farms include animal wastes, fertilizers, and pesticides.Most of these materials drain off farm fields and into nearby bodies of water, sewerage systems carry wastes from homes, offices, and industries into water.P 4 环境污染是当今人们所面临的一个严重的问题。被严重污染的空气会引起各种疾病，甚至死亡。被污染的水源会引起鱼类以及其他海洋生物的死亡，被污染的土壤会减少种植农作物的面积。同时环境污染使人们周围美丽的自然环境变得日益丑陋。环境的好坏在一定程度上决定了一个地区的经济发展前景，良好的环境及有力的环境保护措施是保证经济可持续发展的重要前提。

篇6：英语口译教程答案

promise 17.make compromise 18.does not work 19.be ready

20.agreed on a solution 3.a powerful opportunity 4.denying

5.lead to

6.win-win

7.how to

8.state the problem 9.clearly define 10.both of you agree

Part B: Listening Comprehension 1—5 CABCB

11—15 CDBAD

21－25 CABDA

Part C: Listening and Translation

6—10

BDDAB

16－20 DACCB 26－30 DACCD I.Sentence Translation 1.如今，家庭成员往往在晚上、周末或其他闲暇时间观看电视节目，不再读书或闲谈。

2.现在的年轻人对自己的职业选择没有什么方向。这是因为他们先前没有实际的就业经验。

3.我们看到亚洲在我们的双边贸易和投资关系方面提供了巨大的增长潜力。我希望这种增长持续下去并且加快速度。

4.电子商务的出现以及网络经济的快速发展，正在为中国国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇。

5.在我国，人民的生活水平在改善。如今，300多万孩子有了健康保险。250多万个家庭脱离了贫困。

II．Passage Translation Passage 1 我是一名电脑程序员。我的难处是因为我母亲。她现在已经70多岁，确实需要人顾，因为我父亲在10多年前因车祸死亡。然而她住在乡下，那里没有我可以做的工作，没有 点点英语——专业致力于四六级、考研和口译口语

mon people should benefit most directly from the attainment of this goal.They will live more comfortably in bigger space.Among the basic necessities of life—food, clothing, shelter and transportation—housing is an important element, accounting for a big portion in the money they spend.In 2007, the average per capita living space in Shanghai will increase by a big margin.In addition, the common people‟s spending on such services as education, information and traveling will grow substantially.To put it in a nutshell, in the future the common people will live a better life, a life of the same standard as enjoyed by those in the middle-ranking developed countries.16－20 ACCCA 26－30 DCBBA 听力测试题录音文字稿: SECTION 1：LISTENING TEST 点点英语——专业致力于四六级、考研和口译口语

promise, you can achieve win-win situations.In today‟s lecture, I shall outline a few steps on how to transform a conflict into a solution in which both parties win.First, state the problem.Explain the problem to the other party.You should clearly define the conflict, it‟s hard to fix something before both of you agree on what is broken.Second, understand all points of view.Ste aside your own opinions for a moment and take the time to understand the other points of view.When people feel that they have been heard, they‟re often more willing to listen.Third, brainstorm solutions.Dream up as many solutions as you can and evaluate them one by one.This step will require time and honesty.Talk about which solutions will work and how difficult they will be to implement.Your solutions need to be acceptable by both parties, so you should be prepared to make compromise.Later, you will need to review the effectiveness of the accepted solution.If it does not work, be open to making changes or be ready to bring about a new solution.Finally, implement.When you both have agreed on a solution, decide who is going to do what by when.They keep your agreements.Relationships change for better or for worse.But if you are honest, patient and quite flexible in seeking a resolution for the conflict, your painstaking efforts will certainly pay off.Part B: Listening Comprehension I.Statements Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements.These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE.And you will not find them written on the paper;so you must listen carefully.When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard.Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Question No.1.(Man)I‟m afraid Mr.Baker, our board director, had decided last night not to attend this morning‟s committee meeting.点点英语——专业致力于四六级、考研和口译口语

pleted sixty days ahead of the schedule.Question No.8.(Man)As an assistant manager, her attendance record was perfect except for once when she was down with a severe cold.Question No.9.(Woman)Had he realized the possible consequences, he wouldn‟t have made the suggestion at the committee meeting last week.Question No.10.(Woman)The Gardening Expo was supposed to open tomorrow, but will be delayed until Friday, due to the bad weather conditions.II.Talks and Conversations Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations.After each of these, you will hear a few questions.Listen carefully, because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE.When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question.Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following conversation.(Woman)(Nervously)Good afternoon, Mr.Tigers.Did you have a good lunch?(Man)

Yes, thank you, Miss Bradley.It was very good.Did anyone phone while I was out?(Woman)No, Nobody phoned, but … er … Mr.Powell came.(Man)

What? But he‟s the man I told you about!

(Woman)Yes, I know, He came in for something urgent.He said he wanted to see you right away, but …

(Man)

Well, then, why didn‟t you phone me? We all know that Mr.Powell has some very important information.I wanted to talk to him as soon as possible.I told you all that before I left.Didn‟t you understand me?(Woman)Yes, of course, I understood you, Mr.Tigers, but …

(Man)

I even gave you a card with the name and phone number of the restaurant!I put it on your desk.(Woman)But that‟s just it!You didn‟t give me the card.You didn‟t put it on my desk!点点英语——专业致力于四六级、考研和口译口语

e part of the Labour Party‟s programme, that is, to give educational opportunity to those people who, for one reason or another, had not had a chance to receive further education.By August 1970 the Open University, as it is now called, had received 40,000 applications.But only 25,000 could be accepted for the first four „foundation‟ courses offered that year.And the University had to add a fifth course to cater for the increasing number and demand of candidates.In January 1971, the first teaching programmes appeared on the air and screen, with clerks, farm workers, housewives, teachers, policemen and many others as students.The Open University offered carefully-prepared correspondence units to its students and gave additional necessary equipment for a “mini” home laboratory to its science students.A number of study centers have been set up all over the country so that students can attend lectures once a week.Once a year the students are invited to spend a week or so at one of the university‟s summer schools.Although some critics complain of the cost the availability of the subjects and the lack method of spreading further education in Britain.Question No.15.According to the talk, at what time were the first Open University programmes put on the air? Question No.16.Which of the following are NOT given by the Open University? Question No.17.What is one of the advantages of the Open University? Question No.18.For what purpose were the study centers set up? 点点英语——专业致力于四六级、考研和口译口语

munity or the authority.They need law years, do they?(Man)

What made you decide to take up law as a career?(Woman)Well, I was good at making a speech at school and I think I had a certain feeling for communication and persuasion.My teachers encouraged me and said I had a bent for law or the like.I suppose my personal qualities made me choose law, and not art or architecture, for instance.Of course, in my country lawyers are respected and well paid.And they are in great demand.(Man)

But, will you find it difficult to become recognized in your own country?(Woman)To a certain extent, yes.But I expect that a woman lawyer alxo9 has some advantages in the court.Especially for some kinds of cases, for example, if my client is a woman who claims certain rights from her divorced husband, a woman lawyer can understand better and do a better job.(Man)

But why have you chosen America for your studies, why not some other country?(Woman)Ah well, there are lots of reasons.But I‟m not sorry because you‟ve got some of the best law schools in the world.Question No.19.What is the woman? Question No.20.For what reason does the woman choose law as her career? Question No.21.According to the woman, what advantage does a woman lawyer have in the court? Question No.22.Why does the woman go to an American university for her studies?

Questions 23 to 26 are based on the following talk.(Man)Good morning.I‟ve been interested to read your last week‟s composition assignments on the Englishman‟s obsession with the weather, which is a characteristic noted with amusement and surprise by so many of our visitors from abroad.It‟s true that talking about the weather is a staple topic of conversation in this country , but as a native speaker and an expert on socio-linguistics, I an of the opinion that the reasons for this practice are not only climatic but also social.Greeting people with expressions such as “Lovely day, isn‟t it?” or “What terrible weather we‟re having, aren‟t we?” is our way of being friendly or starting a conversation.It may have very little to do with the state of the weather as such when the conversation starts.As a matter of 点点英语——专业致力于四六级、考研和口译口语

mittees? Many of them have been doing wonderful work during the past decade.(Woman)I agree, but that doesn‟t excuse the local councils that are inefficient and don‟t take enough interest.Don‟t you think it is shocking that in our modern civilization there are still families who have nowhere to live? Do you think it‟s right that whole families should have to sleep in the ruins of empty buildings or under bridges or in 点点英语——专业致力于四六级、考研和口译口语

fortable than prisons.In any case, my point is that we shouldn‟t need so many hostels for homeless families because there shouldn‟t be any homeless families!

(Man)

Mrs.Brown, I think many people would say that you are exaggerating and drawing attention to the worst housing conditions instead of looking at the situation as a whole.Would you agree that you belong to a “pressure group” which is trying to bring pressure on the government to do something about the housing problem?(Woman)If that‟s what belonging to a pressure group means, the answer is “yes”!But I‟m not exaggerating.Housing is the most serious problem of our welfare state.If it weren‟t, would we hear so much about that excellent charity organization, Shelter, which does such wonderful work in finding homes for the homeless? Question No.27.According to the government figures, how many people are homeless? Question No.28.Whom does the woman blame for the “shocking” housing situation? Question No.29.According to the woman, why are there so many homeless families? Question No.30.What is “Shelter”, as is mentioned at the end of the conversation?

Part C: Listening and Translation I.Sentence Translation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences.You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Now let‟s begin Part C with Sentence Translation.Sentence No.1.Nowadays, instead of reading or talking, family members often spend their evenings, weekends or other leisure times watching programmes on television.Sentence No.2.Young people today have few guidelines on which to base their choice of career.This is because they have no previous practical experience of employment.Sentence No.3.We have seen Asia offer an enormous potential for growth in our bilateral trade and investment relations.I want this growth to continue and accelerate.Sentence No.4.The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are providing new growth opportunities in China‟s foreign and domestic trade.Sentence No.5.In our country, people‟s living conditions are improving.More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and more than two and a half million families have been lifted out of poverty.II.Passage Translation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages.You will hear the passages ONLY 点点英语——专业致力于四六级、考研和口译口语