代词it, one, that与高考

2024-04-16

代词it, one, that与高考(通用8篇)

篇1:代词it, one, that与高考

张秀梅 江苏省太仓市实验高级中学

邮编:215400

在英语中,为避免重复,往往把重复出现的表示人或物的名词,用某些代词来代替。常用的代词有it, one和that,其相应的复数形式分别为they,(宾格为them), ones以及those。但在实际应用中,究竟怎样区分使用一直是不少同学感动棘手的问题。下面笔者就通过历届高考,对这些词的用法加以总结。

I.NMET.93.17. I was disappointed with the film. I had expected ______to be much better.

A. that B.this C.one D.it

此题答案为D, it取代上文中的the film。

NMET.98.49. But Fant…shouted at the top of her voice “Look at ______! They ‘re all out of step except my John..”

A. them B .those C. that D. him

此题答案为A,取代上文提到的soldiers,即此句中的they。

从以上两例中我们可以看出:重复提到的名词前若没有定语修饰,并且单独使用,又是特指时,单数用it代替,复数主格用they,宾格用them代替;it也可代指不可数名词。

再如:

1. Long long ago , there was a war between the birds and the beasts. No one knew what they fought about.

2. He drew his sword and thrust it at me.

3. Much as I like the books, I will not buy them.

句1中they 代替the birds and the beasts,句2中it代指his sword,句3中them代替the books.

II.NMET.92.36. Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils, except ______who had already taken them.

A. these B.ones C.the ones D. the others

答案为C, the ones代指 the pupils.

NMET.95.21. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ______.

A. it B. those C. them D. one

答案为D, one代指glass,泛指“一只杯子”。

NMET.. 23. _Why don’t we take a little break?

_Didn’t we just have ______?

A. it B. that C. one D. this

答案为C, one 泛指a break。

由此我们可以总结出:重复出现的名词前有冠词和定语修饰时,单数用one,复数用ones代替,可以特指也可以泛指;有时冠词也可以用物主代词或指示代词来代替,定语可以是前置,也可以是后置;若重复出现的名词单独使用,且泛指一类事物中的任何一个时,用one 取代。

又如:

1. However, new shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones.

2. –If you don’t like the red coat, take the blue one.

- OK, but do you have a bigger size in blue?( NMET.93.35)

3. A bridge made of stones costs much less than one made of steel.

4. These yellow balls are bad; I want those white ones.

5. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, one I will always treasure. (NMET..35.)

句1中 ones代替上文中的shoots,特指;句2中的one代替上文的coat,特指;句3中one代替上面的a bridge,泛指;句4中ones代指上文中的balls,特指。5句中的one代替前面的moment,泛指,在此处作moment的同位语。

III.NMET.99.17. Few pleasures can equal _____of a cool drink on a hot day.

A. some B. any C.that D.those

答案为C, 句意为“没有什么快乐能与在炎热的夏天喝上一杯冷饮那种快乐相提并论”,that 代指pleasure, 且为单数。

因此,当重复出现的名词有后置定语修饰,其前面又没有冠词时,单数用that,复数用those代替 ;不可数名词用that代替。

1. Today‘s libraries differ greatly from those of the past.

2. The climate of Shenyang is as good as that of Beijing.

句1中的those代替前面的libraries,句2中的that代替前面的不可数名词climate。

Exercise: Fill in the blanks with “it, they, them, one, ones, that” and “those”.

1. Your cat is white and my young ______is white too.

2. All the students are in the classroom and ______are listening carefully.

3. Mary’s handwriting is far better than ______of Peter.

4. A new model of TV is on sale. Would you like to get ______?

5. The books on the lower shelf are easier than ______on the upper shelf.

6. The boy told him his story and also ______of the girl upstairs…and ______of the terrible wrong that had been done by the two noble men.

7. I can’t find the book I bought yesterday. ______must be somewhere.

8. The living conditions on the Owen’s farm are very close to _____in a city.

9. Many people were killed in their cars , but a few lucky ______were not hurt.

10. Their kitchen is as modern as ______in town because they want to save time for other work.

Keys: 1.one 2.they 3.that 4.one 5.those 6.that; that 7.It 8.those 9.ones 10.those

篇2:代词it, one, that与高考

连词按其性质,分为并列连词和从属连词,考点分布在单项选择?完形填空和短文改错中?《英语教学大纲》和《考试大纲》语法项目表中对连词的考查是这样描述的:掌握词汇表中所列连词的用法?即要求考生分析句子成分,把握语境和逻辑关系,恰当选择合适连词,使句意通顺,逻辑清楚?连接代词或连接副词用于名词性从句,统称连接词?

连词考点透析

考点一、?特殊并列连词while/when

例1. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _______ I heard the steps. (高考湖南卷)

A. while

B. when

C. since

D. after

例2.Id like to study law at university _______ my cousin prefers geography. (高考四川卷)

A. thoughB. as

C. while

D. for

[解析]B?C?作并列连词时,when/while用法较为特殊,二者区别是:while表两相对照;而when表突然?在那时,常见于be about to do...when和hardly...when等句型中?

考点二、表示原因的连词for/because/as/since

例3.He found it increasingly difficult to read, _____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.(20高考北京卷)

A. and

B. for

C. but

D. or

例4.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, ______ this was a memory she especially treasured. (年高考广东卷)

A. as

B. if

C. when

D. where

例5.Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses ________ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.(高考上海卷)

A. because B. though

C. unless

D. if

例6._____ everybody knows about it, I dont want to talk any more.

A. For

B. Even

C. Since

D. However

[解析]B?A?A?C?引导原因连词,as/because/ since/ for的区别是:because语势最强,用来说明人所未知的原因,回答why提出的问题,可置于强调句中且其前可加修饰语; since是双方都知晓原因或经过分析而得之的原因,语气次之;for是并列连词,前用逗号隔开,表逻辑推理或补充说明;as语气最弱,原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,即已知原因,所引导的分句可置于句首?

考点三、并列连词but/yet/though

例7. Excuse me for breaking in, ______ I have some news for you.

A. so

B. and

C. but

D. yet

[解析]C?but和yet 是连词,可等同使用,但也有区别?yet与and连用,构成and yet,但but却无此用法;在Excuse me/Im sorry/I hope you dont mindbut中,只用but,不用yet?因为在表示对照或对立时,but较为轻松自然;而yet却较为强烈,常出人意料;though作并列连词时,只能引导分句且其前须加逗号?例:Ill try to come, though I dont think I shall manage it.

考点四、引导名词性从句的从属连词that/whether/if

例8.The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is programmed to make us do so. ( 年高考上海卷)

A. when

B. why

C. whether

D. that

例9.We havent settled the question of _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad. ( 2006年高考江苏卷)

A. if

B. where

C. whetherD. that

[解析]D?C?引导名词性从句的从属连词that与whether的区别是:句子成分完整且表意确定时选用that连接,句意不确定时选用whether/if连接;借助it,将真正主语或宾语后置,构成Itthat句型,但whether/if不可;下列情形用whether不用if:与or not 连用,中间无其他词隔开;作介词宾语;在主语从句?表语从句和同位语从句中?例:

Whether well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

考点五、表示比较的从属连词what/as

例10. Engines are to machines ______ hearts are to animals. (2006年高考山东卷)

A. as

B. that

C. what

D. which

例11._____ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.(高考浙江卷)

A. WhenB. After

C. As

D. Since

例12.What a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. It is ________ it is long.(20高考湖北卷)

A. half not as wide as

B. wide not as half as

C. not half as wide as

D. as wide as not half

[解析]C?C?C?what用作从属连词,表比较,用于A is to B what C is to D结构中;而as表示原级比较,常用于as...as结构中,程度修饰语应置于第一个as之前,嵌入的形容词或副词使用原级?另外as还表正如?按照,引导方式连词?

考点六、表示条件的从属连词if /unless/as long as/once

例13. ________ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.

A. Even thoughB. UnlessC. As long asD. While

例14.Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ____ they are not managed carefully.(20高考上海卷)

A. though

B. before

C. until

D. if

例15.You will be successful in the interview ____ you have confidence. (2007年高考福建卷)

A. before

B. once

C. until

D. though

例16.I wont call you, _____ something unexpected happens.(2007年考全国卷)

A. unlessB. whether C. becauseD. while

[解析]C?D?B?A?表条件的连词if/unless/as long as/unless在用法上存在一些差异?as long as用法同only if/on condition that,强调某事的发生以另一事件的发生为前提;if为正面条件,可能会产生好的或坏的结果,若某种条件产生坏的结果,此时的if可用as long as替换; unless为反面条件,表示除非,如果不,故在真实条件句中常和ifnot换用;once既表时间,又包含条件,译作一旦?

考点七、表示让步的从属连词although/when/while

例17. We had to wait half an hour _______ we had already booked a table. (2007年高考辽宁卷)

A. sinceB. although

C. until

D. before

例18.______I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. (2007年高考山东卷)

A. As

B. Since

C. If

D. While

【解析】B?D?although/when/while均可表示让步,后两者的用法较为特殊?although/though引导让步连词时不与but和yet连用;而while却表示部分接受,但并非全部,或用于强调两种情况?活动等之间的差距when也可表示虽然,尽管,同even if,常置于句末?

【精选试题】 名校模拟题及其答案

1.China won 100 medals in the Beijing Olympic Games,which are almost those of the sydney Olypic Games.

A. twice as many as B.as many as twice

C.as much as twice D twice as much as

2. Hawking became world-famous in 。

A his thirties in the 1970s B.the thirties in his 1970

C.his thirties in 1970s D.the thirties during the 1970

3.Wed better hurry up. of the time used up.

A Two-thirds:are B Two-thirds;has been C.Two-third:is D.Two-thirds;have been

4.一What canI dofor you?

一Id like to take these tomatoes.

A two dozen of B two dozen C.two dozens D two dozens of

5.一How long will you stay here?

一For .

A a day or two B.one day and two

C one or two day D one and two day

6.I bought a big fridge,which ccupied about of the space in my kichen.

A two five B two-fifth C.second fifth Dtwo-fifth

7. The weight of a male lion can reach 240kg, an adult man,while a lioness call reach up to 180kg

A the three times weght of B.three times the weisht of

C.as three times heavy as D.three times as heavier as

8. he said he wasnt hungry at all,he ate a big breakfast.

A. Unless B.Because C.Though D.If

9. the Olympic Games cost us a lot,it bridged the distance between people and developed friendship.

A.What B.While C If D.As

10. the interview in Boston lasted so long,I missed my connecting flight to New York.

A Due to B.So long as C As D.Despite

11.Our government took measures in time to protect children who had taken Sanlu baby milk powder it was too late.

A now that B as long as C unless D before

12 As long as I call remember, I called,his wife would answer the phone.

A however B whenever C whatever D.whichever

13. Countless people in developing countries no longer suffer from malnutrition. ,poverty remains a problem worldwide.

A While B Nevertheless C.Besides D In addition

14.Im sorry youve been waiting for us so long,but its still be some time the meeting starts.

A before B since C till D after

15.一Would you like to go to see the filmTHE KNOT with me?

一Sorry. I have seen it.

A though B.unless C.when D but

16. Childrens brains cant develop properly they lack protein

A when B since C because D unless

17. the two are only days apart in age,they seem to belong to wholly different generatioas.

A While B If C As D.Since

18.They dont have much in their house yet.

一 theyplanning to live here only until Bob gets his degree,they dont want to buy much furniture.

A.Since B While C Although D Aslong as

19.Love is just a word someone ecomes along and gives it meaning.

A.if B.until C after D when

20.All people, they are old or young,rich or poor,have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster

A even if B whether C no matter D however

21. Shall we stop for lunch _____ shall we drive on? Lets stop for lunch, but the driver cant drink _____ drive.

A. and, and B. or, or

C. and, or D. or,and

22. _____ when does the pub stay open? About midnight.

A. Since...B. Before

C. Until...D. After

23. Would you like tea _____ coffee? _____, thanks.

A. or, No B. and, Either

C. or, Neither D. and, Each

24. He imagines that people dont like him, _____ they do.

A. and B. then

C. so D. but

25. I firmly believe _____ he said at the meeting was right.

A. that B. which

C. that what D. what that

26. Will you deliver, _____ do I have to come to the shop to collect the goods?

A. and B. or

C. so D. then

27 Id like to study law at university _______ my cousin prefers geography.

A. though

B. as

C. while

D. for

28(2007年高考北京卷).He found it increasingly difficult to read, _____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.

A. and

B. for

C. but

D. or

29Excuse me for breaking in, ______ I have some news for you.

A. so

B. and

C. but

D. yet

30. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is programmed to make us do so.

A. when

B. why

C. whether

D. that

【答案与解析】

1 A。【解析】考查倍数表达法。此处符合A+谓语动词+倍数十as+adj/adv(原级)+as+B结构。

2 A。【解析】考查数次的用法。in ones thirties意为在某人三十多岁时,in/during the 1970os意为在20世纪70年代。

3 B。【解析】考查分数的用法及主谓一致。分子大于二时分母的序数词要加s。Two-thirds of time作主语,谓语动词用单数,故答案选B。

4 A。【解析】dozen,score前面有基数词时,dozen和score不能用复数形式,后面通常也不能接of。但当名词前有the,those,these修饰时,则后面必须加上of,表示中的。故答案选A。

5 A。【解析】a day or two是习惯说法,意思是一两天,也可以a day or two days。

6 D。【解析】考查分数的构成。分子大于二时分母的序数词要加s。

7 B。【解析】考查倍数的表达方法。此处应运用倍数+the+名词+of结构。

8 C。【解析】此处thought引导让步状语从句。句意:尽管他说不饿,但早餐他吃了很多。

9 B。【解析】考查连词while的用法。根据语境可看出此处需要填人一个表示让步意义的词,whtle在此为从属连词,意为尽管。

10C。【解析】考查连词as的用法。从题意看,前半句应该是原因,后面是结果。due to由于,表原因,是介词短语,不能跟句子;So long as只要,引导让步状语从,.Despite尽管是介词,不能跟句子;as意思是由于。故答案选C。

11 D。【解析】考查连词before的用法。句意:在事态严重之前,我国政府及时采取措施来保护那些喝了三鹿婴幼儿奶粉的孩子们。

12 B。【解析】whenever此处是无论何时的意思,相当于no matter when。

13 B。【解析】结合语境可知,B是正确答案。Nevertheless然而,不过。

14.A。【解析】考查连词的用法。it11 still be some time before是一个句型,表示在之前有一段时间了。

15 D。【解析】考查连词的用法。句意:一你和我一起去看电影《云水谣》好吗?一对不起,我已经看过丁。根据题意可知,答案应该选D。

16 A。【解析】本题中when引导的是一个条件状语从句,相当于if。句意:如果孩子缺少蛋白质,他们的大脑就会发育不良},

17 A。【解析】考查连词while的用法。句意:尽管这两个人的年龄只有几天之差,但是看起来完全不像是一代人。

18 D。【解析】考查连词since的用法。根据题意可知,此处表原因,故答案选D。

19 B。【解析】untill直到为止。句意:爱只是一个字,直到某人出现并给予它真正的内涵。

20 B。【解析】考查固定措配whetheror的用法,句意:自从那次灾难以后,所有的人,不论老人还是年轻人、富人还是穷人,都在努力帮助那些需要帮助的人。

21.【解析】选D,第一空填 or,表选择;第二空填 and,cant drink and drive 指不能同时既喝酒又开车,即不能酒后开车。

22.【解析】选C,句意为这家酒店开门到什么?(或这家酒店什么时候关门?)

23. 【解析】选C,选项A用No来回答选择疑问句,不妥;选项B用 and 连接 tea 与 coffee,说明问句并非提供选择,而答语却用了 either 这样表选择性的词语,也不妥;选项D与语境不符。

24. 【解析】 选D,前后意思转折,故选 but.注:but they do = but they like him.

25【解析】选C,that 为引导宾语从句的连词,在 that what he said at the meeting was right 这一宾语从句中,又包含有what he said at the meeting 这一主语从句,而在该主语从句中,what用作动词 said 的宾语。

26【解析】选B,or 表选择。

27 [解析] C?作并列连词时,when/while用法较为特殊,二者区别是:while表两相对照;而when表突然?在那时,常见于be about to do...when和hardly...when等句型中?

28 [解析]B引导原因连词,as/because/ since/ for的区别是:because语势最强,用来说明人所未知的原因,回答why提出的问题,可置于强调句中且其前可加修饰语; since是双方都知晓原因或经过分析而得之的原因,语气次之;for是并列连词,前用逗号隔开,表逻辑推理或补充说明;as语气最弱,原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,即已知原因,所引导的分句可置于句首?

29[解析]C?but和yet 是连词,可等同使用,但也有区别?yet与and连用,构成and yet,但but却无此用法;在Excuse me/Im sorry/I hope you dont mindbut中,只用but,不用yet?因为在表示对照或对立时,but较为轻松自然;而yet却较为强烈,常出人意料;though作并列连词时,只能引导分句且其前须加逗号?例:Ill try to come, though I dont think I shall manage it.

篇3:人称代词与物主代词用法归纳

单数形式:I-me, you-you, he-him, she-her, it-it

复数形式:we-us, you-you, they-them

二、人称代词在句中的作用

(1) 主格作主语。如:

I am English.我是英国人。

(2) 宾格作宾语, 放在及物动词或介词之后, 有时还可以在口语中用作表语。如:

(1) I don’t know him.我不认识他。 (动词宾语)

(2) What’s wrong with you?你怎么了? (介词宾语)

三、人称代词并列用法的排列顺序

(1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时, 其顺序为:

第二人称→第三人称→第一人称

即:you and I;he/she/it and I;you, he/she/it and I

(2) 复数人称代词作主语时, 其顺序为:

第一人称→第二人称→第三人称

即:we and you;you and they;we, you and they

为帮助同学们理解和掌握英语人称代词, 请记住下面的口诀:

人称代词分主/宾, 只有八对要区分。

你 (们) 、它主/宾同一形, 其余主/宾须分清。

谓语之前主格填, 动/介之后宾格跟,

口语运用最灵活, 表语也可用宾格。

人称代词并列现, 注意顺序礼貌见,

二一、三一、二三一, 第一人称最谦虚,

若把错误责任担, 第一人称须当先。

四、物主代词在句中的作用

用来表示某人或某物属于“谁的”的代词叫做物主代词。形容词性物主代词有:my (我的) , your (你的、你们的) , our (我们的) , his (他的) , her (她的) , its (它的) , their (他们的) 。形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性, 常放在名词前面作定语, 表明该名词所表示的人或物是“谁的”。

1. 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词, 在句中只能用作定语, 后面必须跟名词。例如:

Is that your bike?那是你的自行车吗?

2. 如果名词前用了形容词性物主代词, 就不能再用冠词 (a, an, the) 、指示代词 (this, that, these, those) 等修饰词了。例如:

这是他的书桌。

误:This is his a desk.

正:This is his desk.

3. 与形容词一起修饰名词时, 形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。如:his English books他的英语书, their Chinese friends他们的中国朋友。

4. 汉语中经常会出现“我妈妈”, “你们老师”等这样的语言现象, 虽然代词用的是“我”、“你们”, 但实际意义仍是“我的”、“你们的”, 所以在英译时, 注意要用形容词性物主代词“my”, “your”。例如:

你妈妈在家吗?

误:Is you mother at home?

正:Is your mother at home?

5. it’s与its读音相同, he’s与his读音相似, 但使用时需注意它们的区别 (it’s和he’s分别是it is和he is的缩略形式, 但its和his却是形容词性物主代词) 。例如:

It’s a bird.Its name is Polly.它是一只鸟。它的名字叫波利。

He’s a student.His mother is a teacher.他是一名学生。他妈妈是一位教师。

五、名词性物主代词在句中的作用

1. 作主语, 例如:

May I use your pen?Yours works better.

我可以用一用你的钢笔吗?你的比我的好用。

2. 作宾语, 例如:

I love my motherland as much as you love yours.

我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。

3. 作介词宾语, 例如:

Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.

你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话, 而不能按你自己的意义去解释。

4. 作主语补语, 例如:

例句:This is my case.

This case is mine.在这里的mine带有“我的 (书) ”的意思。

This book belongs to me.

篇4:2007高考与代词考查热点

一、考查代词it,that,(the)one(s),those等的用法

解析:it和that都可以替代“the+单数可数名词或不可数名词”,都是特指。但it指代前面提到的“同一”事物,而that却指前面提到的“同类”事物。one替代“a+单数可数名词”,表示泛指。特指的the one相当于that;the one复数形式the ones,在口语中也常用those代替;当后面有of短语时,一般用that或those。当有前置修饰语时,只能用one(s),如the red one。one(s),the one(s),those,that都是替代“同类”事物,其中只有that可替代不可数名词。另外,it的用法考查还包括强调句型结构“It is(was)+…that(who)+…,辨别强调句型看把以上结构去掉,剩下的句子是否完整。it的用法还考查作形式主语和形式宾语的用法。

07高考试题:

1.-There is still a copy of the book in the library.Will you go and borrow________?(07陕西16题)

—No,I’d rather buy_________in the bookstore.

A.it;one

B.one;one

C. one;it

D.it;it

思路点拨:选A 根据语意,it特指前面提到的a copy of the book,而后面的意思是:我要到书店去买同样的一本,相当于a book,表示“同一”概念。

2.—Have you heard the latest news?-No,What________?(07全国Ⅰ21题)

A.is it

B.is there

C. are they

D.are those

思路点拨:选A

根据语意,it特指前面提到的the latest news,是不可数名词,不能选those/they。

3.__________ fell funny watching myself on TV.( 07全国27题)

A.One

B.This

C.It

D.That

思路点拨:选C

这里考查的是it作形式主语的用法,真正的主语是后面的watching myself on TV,其它选项都不可以作形式主语。

4.It is not who is right but what is right__________is of importance.( 07重庆27题)

A.which

B.it

C.that

D.this

思路点拨:选C

这里考查的是“It is(was)+…that(who)+…”构成的强调句型结构,被强调部分是not who is right but what is right。所以只能选that。

5.The information on the Intemet gets around much more rapidly than________in the newspaper.(07辽宁27题)

A.it

B.those

C.one

D.that

思路点拨:选D

这里考查的是that的用法,表示指代作用,相当于the one/the+n,根据句意,此处that相当于the information。

6. —He got his first book published.It turned out to be a bestseller.

—When was_______?

—__________was in 2000 when he was still in college.(07浙江16题)

A. that;This

B.this;It

C.it;This

D.that;It

思路点拨:选D根据句意,这里第一空考查的是that的用法,指代过去的情况,第二空是强调句型的省略,完整句子应该是“It was in 2000 when he was still in college that he got his first book published”。

7.________worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.(07山东24题)

A.This

B.That

C.What

D.It

思路点拨:选D

这里考查的是“作形式主语的用法,真正的主语是后面的the way he keeps changing his mind,其它选项都不可以作形式主语。

8.He didn’t make_________clear when and where the meeting would be held.( 07天津1题)

A.this

B.that

C.it

D.these

思路点拨:选C

这里考查的是it作形式宾语的用法,真正的宾语是后面的when and where the meeting would be held,其它选项都不可以作形式宾语。

9.Little joy can equal________of a surprising ending when you read stories.(07四川32题)

A.that

B.those

C.any

D.some

思路点拨:选A

这里考查的是that的用法,表示指代作用,相当于the one/the+n,根据句意,此处that相当于the joy。

二、考查ever-,some-,any-,no—与-thing,-one,-body构成的复合小定代词

解析:这类不定代词everything(一切事,最重要的事);everyone=everybody(每个人,所有人);something(某事,重要的人或事物),someone=somebody(某/有人,重要的人);

anything(什么事物,任何事物,无论什么事物;anyone=anybody(任何人,无论谁,重要的人); nothing(没有东西,什么也没事,不重要的人或事);no one=nobody(没人,不重要的人)等。它们还与别有词构成习语,如for nothing(徒劳,免费),nothing but(仅仅,只不过)等等。

07高考试题:

10.Jim sold most of his things.He has hardly_________left in the house.(07重庆21题)

A.anything

B.everything

C.nothing

D.something

思路点拨:选A

根据句意,在房间里他几乎没什么东西剩下了,这里否定词hardly和anything连用表示“几乎没什么了”。

11.The book is of great value._________can be enjoyed unless you digest it.(07福建23题)

A.Nothing

B.Something

C.Everything

D.Anything

思路点拨:选A

根据句意,书价值很大,但除非你细细咀嚼,否则什么也不能享受到,所以,应该选nothing,表示“没有东西”。

12.The mayor has offered a reward of 5000 to_________who can capture the tiger alive or dead.(07上海)

A.both

B.others

C.anyone

D.another

思路点拨:选C

根据句意,应该表示“任何能够抓住老虎的人”,所以要选anyone。

13.Could I speak to_________is in charge of International Sales,please?(07山东22题)

A.anyone

B.someone

C.whoever

D.no matter who

思路点拨:选C

根据句意,应该表示“任何负责国际销售的人员”,选whoever,它引导名词性从句,相当于anyone who。

三、考查both,all,neither,either,any,none等表两者和多者的不定代词的用法

解析:1.表示两者“都”用both,表示两者“都不”用neither,表示两者中的“任一”用either。

2.表示多者“都”用all,表示多者“都不”用none,表示多者中的“任一”用any。

3. none可指人或物,一般要接表示范围的of短语,可以回答how many;而no one只能指人(=nobody),不能接of短语,可以回答who。另外,none可指代文中的不可数名词,表示“毫无”。

4.all单独使用,或者后接一个定语从句,或者前面有物主代词时,意为everything或the only thing(s)。

07高考试题:

14.-What do you think of the performance today?

—Great!_________but a musical genius could perform so successfully.(07江西28题)

A.All

B.None

C.Anybody

D.Everybody

思路点拨:选B

none but表示“只有”,根据句意,应该表示“只有音乐天才才能演奏的如此成功。

15.Last week,only two people came to look at the house,_________wanted to buy it.(07安徽34题)

A.none of them

B.both of them

C.none of whom

D.neither of whom

思路点拨:选D

这里考查的虽然是介词+whom引导的非限制性定语从句,但因为前面是two people,而且语意是否定含义,所以选neither of whom。

四、考查(a) little,(a) few,a bit等词的用法

解析:a little和little修饰或代替不可数名词,与much相对,表示“多”;a few和few 修饰或代替可数名词与many相对,表示“少”。a little和a few含肯定语气,

little和few含否定语气。一般说来,在only,just,still,quite,can,not等词后用a little或a few;在very,so,some,the,no等词后用little或few。

07高考试题:

16.He has made a lot of films,but_________good ones.(07北京27题)

A.any

B.some

C.few

D.many

思路点拨:选C 根据句中连词but,可见后面含义应该是“好电影不多”,few指代可数名词,表示“没几个”。

五、考查人称代词主格与宾格的用法

解析:人称代词的主格在句中作主语,宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语。这考点现在由于比较简单,所以出现的一般不多。

07高考试题:

17.To save class time,our teacher has________students do half of the exercise in class and complete the other half for homework.(07湖南27题)

A.us

B.we

C.our

D.ours

思路点拨:选A

根据句意,只有us可以作宾语,与students构成同位语结构。

附录:其他知识点归纳:

除了以上代词考点外,还常考以下知识点,归纳如下:

1、考查each,every等的用法

every只能作形容词,在名词前作定语;each可作形容词也可作代词,可作主语、宾语和同位语。表示“每隔”用every,不用each。如every three days每三天,every third day,每逢第三天,every other day每隔一天,every three meters每(隔)三米,every three minutes每(隔)三分钟。

2、考查another,(the) other(s),else;the rest等的用法

another或“another+单数可数名词”泛指“另一个,有一个,再一个”,其复数形式是others或“other+复数名词”泛指“别人或别的物”,有some…others(一些…另一些…”之搭配。the other(+单数可数名词)特指两者中的另一个,常有one…the other(一个…另一个…)的搭配;其复数形式the others或“the other+复数名词”特指在某些人或物中,除去一部分后,“其余的”“剩下的”人或物。

another还可用于“another+基数词或few+复数名词”中。与“数词或some+more/other+复数名词”相当。注意下列固定用法:other than(除……外),each other, one another(相互),one after another(一个接一个),“any other+单数名词”(别的/其他的任何一个)。else只能放在复合不定代词或者疑问词后。the rest既可代替可数名词,也可代替不可数名词。而another,other,others,the other(s) 只能代替可数名词。

3、考查反身代词的用法

反身代词在句中可以作 enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等动词和by, for, to 等介词的宾语,还可以作主语或宾语的同位语,可译作“亲自,本人”,但不能作主语, 提示:要留意含oneself的短语: be oneself 身体正常;Make yourself at home! 别客气!; make yourself understood使你的话被人理解等等。

4、考查疑问代词的意义和用法

疑问代词有what, which, who, whom, whose等。用法要点如下:what除可用来询问人的身份外,一般指物;which可指人也可指物;who, whom, whose一般指人。没有一定的范围时,用what, 意为“什么”;有一定范围时,用which, 意为“(其中的)哪一个”。

5、考查some, any的用法

表示“一些”,一般说来,肯定句中some,否定句中用any;但在表示请求、建议、邀请或希望对方作肯定回答的疑问句中用some。

篇5:高考英语代词考点分析

[考点解读]

● 由some和any构成的不定代词的用法和some和any的用法基本一致?

●nothing和nobody/no one表示全部否定?

● 无论在肯定句?否定句还是疑问句中, everything和everyone (everybody) 都表示“全部,所有”?

● 不定代词后跟else时,表示“另外的,其他的”;形容词修饰something/anything/nothing时,应置于不定代词之后?以上不定代词连写时,不和of连用,every one可和of连用。

篇6:高考英语语法代词考点

Each (of us) has a dictionary. = We each have a dictionary.

②Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points.

none和no no等于not any,作定语。none作主语或宾语,代替不可数名词,谓语用单数,代替可数名词,谓语单复数皆可以 ①There is no water in the bottle.

②How much water is there in the bottle? None.

③None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.

other和another other泛指“另外的,别的”常与其他

词连用,如:the other day, every other

week, someother reason, no other way,

the other特指两者中的另外一个,复数为the others ①Both sides have accused of breaking the contract.

A. another B. the other C. neither D. each

②Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.

another指“又一个,另一个”无所指,

复数形式是others,泛指“别的人或

事” ①We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun,so let’s have ______ one this month.

A.the other B.some C.another D.other

②The trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some others.

③Some like football, while others like basketball.

either和neither 前者意思为:两者都(两者中任何一方都);后者意思为:两者都 ①—Do you want tea or coffee? — ______, I really don‘t mind.

A. none B. neither C. either D. all

②It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _____ of the parents spoke the language.

篇7:代词it, one, that与高考

1.A。a long holiday意为“长假”;enough应放在被修饰的形容词、副词之后。

2.A。表示感觉的动词,如:taste, sound, smell, feel, look等作系动词时,后接形容词作表语。

3.D。这是用比较级表达最高级含义的常用句型。它相当于Her voice is the best one that I have ever heard.

4.B。题意为“假如你能及早给予答复,我将非常感激。”

5.B。special price意为“特价”。

6.A。考点为形容词的词序问题。英语中多个形容词修饰名词时,其排序通常为:描述性形容词+大小(长短、高低)+年龄(新旧)+形状+颜色+国籍(地区、出处)+物质(材料)+名词。

7.C。题意为“我不能很好地回答他们提出的大部分问题,所以感到糟糕透了。”

8.A。taste意为“尝起来”,为系动词,根据题意,后接形容词good的最高级。

9.C。no better than=as bad as;注意关键词regret to tell you。

10.D。no less=as much;句意为“尽管他有时发脾气,同学们还是同样喜欢他。”

11.B。be sound asleep意为“睡得正香”。

12.C。grain为不可数名词,不能用few修饰。故排除B和D;as...as是表示同级比较的结构,而less是little的比较级,故排除A。

13.D。 too修饰形容词、副词,常表示“超过合适的限度”。

14.A。根据than可以判断前面应为一个形容词的比较级,far可以修饰形容词、副词的比较级。

15.C。用a little表示“少许”。

16.D。题意为“乘火车去那儿要花很长时间;乘汽车更快些。”

17.D。题意为“假如没有考试的话,我们在学校就会更快乐。”暗含比较的意味,故选D。

18.D。题意为“你竟然被这么一个简单的花招所骗,真令我吃惊。”trick“计谋,花招,诡计”。

19.C。题意为“因为她不想花太多的钱买袋子,故挑了一个最便宜的。”

20.B。表示“如此重的箱子”可以用“so heavy a box”或“such a heavy box”。

21.D。两者中较好的一个应用the+better。

22.B。本题为“too...to” 结构;much too修饰形容词、副词,而 too much修饰不可数名词或单独使用。

23.D。the largest island in the world为Greenland的同位语。

24.C。表示“身体健康的”用well。

25.C。表示“令人感到恐怖的”,用frightening;表示“(人)感到恐怖的”,用frightened。26.D。修饰look at用sadly;feel为系动词,用sad作表语。

27.A。awake是形容词作宾补。

28.B。quite a , quite some用以指人或物不寻常,如We had quite a party.(我们的聚会不一般。)It must be quite some car.(那辆车可不比寻常。)

29.B。指兄弟姐妹中“年长的、年龄较大的”用elder;而表示“年龄比……大”则用older。30.A。表示“象这么旧的邮票”可用以下形式表达:as old a stamp as this; a stamp as old as this; 否定句中前一个as可用so。

31.C。make yourself at home是招呼客人时的礼貌用语。

32.D。“the/this/that+名词+of+名词性物主代词/名词所有格”是双重所有格形式。33.D。据题意应选被动结构,故排除B、C;each在句中作同位语,应放于系词之后。

34.C。表示“别人的”需用somebody else’s。

35.D。the rest既可以指代可数名词,又可以指代不可数名词,意为“剩下的,其余的”。36.C。代词all作定语从句的先行词,并充当主句的主语。

37.A。指代前文内容用that;第二空用it则是指时间。

38.B。neither指“二者之中任何一个都不”。

39.A。not与everything连用为部分否定。

40.B。根据答语可知,问句意为“(需要的`)一切东西都备齐了吗?”故选everything。41.D。指不确定的人需用it。

42.B。one用来代替上文出现的单数可数名词a street;such...as为固定搭配。

43.C。not all及all...not均表示部分否定,故选some。

44.B。none为代词,意为“三者或三者以上之中任何一个都不”。

45.A。表示在一定范围之内的“哪一个”用which。

46.A。ones指代前文提到的复数可数名词;因有定语从句修饰,故ones 前须加the。这里the ones=those。

47.C。that用来代替上文中的the pleasure;题意为“没有什么能比在炎热的日子里喝一杯冷饮更令人痛快的了。”pleasure通常为不可数名词,主语pleasures指各种各样的快乐。48.C。some(ways)...others(=other ways)构成固定搭配。

49.B。none用以预指后面的不可数名词或代词,意为“毫无”。句意:有些人宁愿骑自行车,因为骑自行车毫无乘公共汽车的(那么多)麻烦。none还可指代前文中的不可数名词或代词,如:I wanted some bread, but there was none left.

50.B。that代替前面的不可数名词bread。

51.A。this用以指代下文内容。

52.C。much用以指代不可数名词,故排除A,D; not much意为“不多”。

53.A。题意为“不要嘲笑别人的失败,因为没有人喜欢被人嘲笑。”

54.A。题意为“计算机对于那些进行科学研究的人一定非常有用。”被定语所修饰的those指代the people。

55.C。A项为部分否定,与题意不符;B项中any不可与no连用;D项no one之后不可接of短语。

56.C。what=the place that/which; what作此用法时,既可指人也可指物。如:He is not what he used to be.(他不再是以前的他了。)

57.B。题意为“天助自助者。”被定语从句所修饰的先行词应为those。

58.C。whatever=anything that。

59.D。the ones指代前文的refrigerators;if not cheaper than 是插入语。

篇8:代词it, one, that与高考

通过华南师范大学外国语言文化学院创建的语料库, 使用Antconc 3.2软件对广东省2007年英语高考作文进行分析。通过检索that和which, 得到了856个带有that和111个带有which的句子。下表是对that和which在这些句子中的使用情况的数据分析。在这967个句子中, 仅有125个句子是定语从句, 仅占12.93%。具体分析带有that和带有which的句子, 又表现迥异。

在856个带有that的句子中, 只有27个句子是定语从句, 仅占3.15%;而其他带有that的句子多用于下面的句型或者短语中:

1) That’s why…

2) I believe/hope…that…

3) so…that…

4) It is/was…that (It is you that give me a strong body and a kind heart.)

5) 常用短语, 如at that time和that day

在27个由that引导的定语从句中, 有13个句子错误使用关系词that, 错误率高达48.15%。在排除那些与关系词that无关的错误 (如拼写、标点及其他的语法错误) 之后, 关系词that的错误用法可以分为以下四类 (一个错误可能分属不同类) : (1) 4个非限制性定语从句中使用了that, 例如:…get me name is Ari, that mean‘lion’… (2) 4个本该使用关系副词when和where的句子使用了that, 例如:…forget these days that I broke my let. (3) 3个句子出现了小错误但并不影响整个句子的表达, 例如:…many thing that I fell it’s very important. (4) 3个句子结构混乱, 意思使人费解, 例如:Ihave the same experience that is Situation.

在111个带有which的句子中, 高达98个是定语从句, 占88.29%, 这与带有that的句子形成了鲜明的对比。在98个由which引导的定语从句中, 有30个句子错误使用关系词which, 错误率为30.61%, 远低于that作关系词的错误率。在排除那些与关系词which无关的错误 (如拼写、标点及其他的语法错误) 之后, 这30个which的错误, 用法也可以相应地分为以下四类 (一个错误可能分属不同类) : (1) 12个句子本该使用that却误用了which, 例如:…the things which Iwanted. (2) 3个句子本该使用关系副词when却使用了which, 例如:…remember the day which I broke my left leg. (3) 13个句子出现了小错误但并不影响整个句子的表达, 例如:…was Ari and which mean lion. (4) 3个句子的意思令人费解, 例如:…to change the positive which you wrote for me.

从上面的分析可以看出, 高中学生在写作时未能熟练地使用定语从句来丰富措辞, 甚至在使用时错误百出, 对定语从句掌握得不够好, 说明学生语法基础薄弱。另外, 学生在使用关系代词引导定语从句时倾向于使用which而避免使用that, 而且使用which的正确率比使用that高得多。

鉴于上述分析, 教师在讲授定语从句时, 还需要进一步强调以下两点: (1) 先行词指物时, 非限制性定语从句只能使用which做关系代词; (2) 先行词是不定代词everything、nothing等, 关系代词只能使用that。这是两个很基本的知识点, 可是从高考作文分析中可以看出学生并没有掌握好如何使用, 因此有必要进行重点强调。

选好关系词是掌握好定语从句的关键步骤之一。然而, 从上述分析中可以看出, 很多学生在选择关系词时不知所措。因此, 学习定语从句的人, 尤其是初学者, 一定要熟知各个关系连词的功能和作用, 先学会选择恰当的关系词。而作为教师, 在讲授定语从句前应该先让学生明白基本的句子结构和句子成份。如果连定语从句的结构和成份都搞不清楚, 那关系连词的选择将会无从下手。下面以一个例子来说明如何有效地选择恰当的关系词。

例句:This is the most expensive dress____I have ever seen.

第一步, 先搞清楚先行词是指代人还是指代物。在这个例句里先行词是dress (连衣裙) , 指代的是物体;第二步, 分析该定语从句并找出它基本的句子成份 (主语、谓语和宾语) , 看它缺少了哪个成份, 指代先行词的成份是主语还是宾语。在该例句里, 缺少了动词see的宾语;第三步, 选出合适的关系连词, 然后以陈述句语序写出该定语从句的剩余部分。根据前两个步骤, 这里可以选择that或者which, 可是因为先行词被最高级修饰, 所以只能选择that。

虽然《新高中英语课程标准》明确指出, 英语课程改革的重点就是要改变过去英语教学过程中过分重视语法和词汇知识讲解的状况, 培养学生的实际语言运用能力——搜集和处理信息的能力、获取新知识的能力、分析解决问题的能力以及交流合作的能力, 把语言的社会性功能抬到了很高的位置。但是, 语法的地位仍然不可忽视。Wilkins (1979) 曾说过, “The learner does still have to master the grammatical structure.There is no way that one can‘know’a language without knowing its grammatical basis.”因此, 如果说整个语言知识系统是一座摩天大厦的话, 那么语法就是它坚固的地基。在国家大力提倡课程改革的新形势下, 广大的英语教师确实应该转变传统教学思想和观念, 着重培养学生的综合语言运用能力;可是, 也不能忽视语法的重要地位, 更不应该把语法教学独立地分割开来。在新的形势下, 语法教学的地位和涵义得到了更加生动的体现, 如何运用新方法新理念来满足学生的各种需求将是广大英语教师需要探索的一个难题。

参考文献

[1]何安平.高中英语课程改革理论与实践[M].长春:东北师范大学出版社, 2004.

[2]英语课程标准 (实验稿) [S].北京:北京师范大学出版社, 2008.

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