代词用法复习教案

2024-04-09

代词用法复习教案(精选6篇)

篇1:代词用法复习教案

高中英语课件一短文改错专题讲座过去分词的用法1 及物动词的过去分词作表语与句子主语是被动关系表示主语的状态既表示被动又表示完成1 The cup is broken 茶杯破了2 不及物动词的过去分词作表语与句子主语是主动关系表示主语的状态只表示动作的完成2 He is retired 他已退休3 有些过去分词作表语时构成的谓语很接近被动结构3 The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains 这座城市三面环山注意过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语主要是表示主语的状态而被动语态则表示动作1 The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的是被动语态表示动作2 The library is now closed 图书馆关门了过去分词作表语注意过去分词表示被动或完成-ing 形式表示主动或进行有些动词如interest bore worry surprise frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人用-ing 形式来修饰物3 The book is interesting and Im interested in it 这本书很有趣我对它很感兴趣过去分词作定语作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词及物动词的过去分词作定语既表被动又表完成不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表完成1 过去分词用作定语如果是单个的常置于其所修饰的名词之前We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况2 过去分词短语用作定语时一般置于其所修饰的名词之后其意义相当于一个定语从句但较从句简洁多用于书面语中The concert given by their friends was a success他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功3 过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语前后常有逗号1The meeting attended by over five thousand people welcomed the great hero 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会到会的有五千多人4 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关2 The boy looked up with a pleased expression 男孩带着满意的表情举目而视过去分词作状语1 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作1 Written in a hurry this article was not so good 因为写得匆忙这篇文章不是很好注意written 为过去分词作状语表示这篇文章是被写的而且已经被写值得注意的是有些过去分词因来源于系表结构作状语时不表被动而表主动这样的过去分词及短语常见的有lost 迷路seated 坐hidden 躲stationed 驻扎lost absorbed in 沉溺于born 出身于dressed in 穿着tired of 厌烦2 Lost Absorbed in deep thought he didnt hear the sound因为沉溺于思考之中所以他没听到那个声音2 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语此时应注意人称一致1 Given another hour I can also work out this problem 再给我一个小时我也能解这道题given 为过去分词作状语它的逻辑主语为主句主语I 即I 被再给一个小时2 Seen from the top of the hill the city looks more beautiful to us 从山顶看城市城市显得更漂亮seen 为过去分词作状语表被看由语境可知它的逻辑主语必须是城市而不是我们因为我们应主动看城市注意如果过去分词作状语时前面再加逻辑主语主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构1 The signal given the bus started 信号一发出汽车就开动了the signal 是given 的逻辑主语因此主句主语the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语2 Her head held high she went by 她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去her head 是held high 的逻辑主语因此主句主语she 就不再是held high 的逻辑主语3 过去分词作状语来源于状语从句1 Caught in a heavy rain he was all wet 因为淋了一场大雨所以他全身湿透了caught in a heavy rain 为过去分词短语作原因状语它来源于原因状语从句Because he was caught in a heavy rain 2 Grown in rich soil these seeds can grow fast 如果种在肥沃的土壤里这些种子能长得很快 grown in rich soil 为过去分词作条件状语它来源于条件状语从句If these seeds are grown in rich soil 注意状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词构成连词+过去分词结构作状语When given a medical examination you should keep calm 当你做体格检查时要保持镇定4 过去分词作状语的位置过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语后面有逗号与主句隔开也可放在主句后面前面有逗号与主句隔开He stood there silently moved to tears Moved to tears he stood there silently 他静静地站在那里被感动得热泪盈眶过去分词作宾语补足语一能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类1 表示感觉或心理状态的动词如see watch observe look at hear listen to feel notice think等1 I heard the song sung in English 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard2 He found his hometown greatly changed 他发现他的家乡变化很大过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found2 表示致使意义的动词如have make get keep leave等1 Ill have my hair cut tomorrow 明天我要理发2 He got his tooth pulled out yesterday 他昨天把牙拔了3 Dont leave those things undone 要把那些事情做完注意过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系二使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况1 过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成1 He had his money stolen他的钱给偷了被别人偷去了2 过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历如2 He had his leg broken他的腿断了自己的经历2 Whats the language ___ in Germany A speaking B spoken C be spoken D to speak 简析 该题应选B测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动等于定语从句which is spoken4 The computer centre ___ last year is very popular among the students in this school A open B opening C having opened D opened 简析 该题应选D测试过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后可以用非限制性定语从句which was opened last year代替5 The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century A having written B to be written C being written D written 简析 该题应选D测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动等于定语从句which were written例 The murderer was brought in with his hands ___ behind his back A being tied B having tied C to be tied D tied 简析 很显然待选部分的逻辑主语是his hands而不是句子的主语The murderer而his hands 对于动词tie来说只能是被动承受因此该题应选DLinda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company ______ as 3M A knowing B known C being known D to be known 2 The disc digitally ________ in the studio sounded fantastic at the party that night A recorded B recording C to be recorded D having recorded 3 Dont use words expressions or phrases _______ only to people with specific knowledge A being known B having been known C to be known D known 4 The flowers _______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature A to smell B smelling C smelt D to be smelt Exercises 1 _____ black and blue the lady couldnt move A Beaten B Beating C To be beaten D To beat 3 The teacher walked to lab _____ A followed by his students B his students followed C and followed by his students D both A and B 4 When _______ into the warm room ice soon changes into water A heating and taking B heated and taking C heating or taken D heated or taken 7 She was sad because of ___ any chance left A there being not B there not being C not there being D there was not 8 Dont use words expressions or phrases _____ only to people with specific knowledge 上海2002 A being known B having been known C to be known D known 1 5 ____ these pictures I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing and ____ from the top of a thirty-stored building Beijing looks more magnificent A Seeing seen B Seen seeing C Seeing seeing D Seen seen 1 7 Unless __ to speak you should remain silent at the conference A invited B inviting C being invited D having invited 18 When __ the museum will be open to the public next year A completed B completing C being completed D to be completed 1 9 ___ in 1636 Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States A Being found B It was founded C Founded D Founding 英语主动形式表被动意义的几种情况1表示被动含义的主1系动词taste sound look smell feel Your reason sounds reasonableGood medicine tastes bitter to the mouth

2一些与cant 或wont wouldnt 连用的动词常用的有 lock shut open act 等 The door wont wouldnt open

It cant wouldnt move 3 sell wash

篇2:代词用法复习教案

有些不定代词只用于表示两个人或两个事物,它们是both, either和neither;而有些不定代词则只用于指三个或三个以上的人或事物,它们是all, any, none和every。在使用时千万不要弄混了。如:

我的父母都喜欢运动。

误:All of my parents like sports.正:Both of my parents like sports.一个人的“父母”显然只有两个人,不可能是三个人或多个人,所以只能用both,不能用all,否则就要出笑话了。

二、both与all的用法比较

all表示三者或三者以上的人或物;both只能表示两者。如: Both my parents like literature.我的父母都喜欢文学。All things are difficult before they are easy.万事开头难。

两者用于否定句时,均表示部分否定,not all意为“不是所有的都”,not both意为“不是两者都”。如:

Not all the girls left early.不是所有的女孩都走得很早。

Do question four or question five, but not both.第4题和第5题选做一道,但不要两道都做。

all有时修饰可数名词单数或专有名词,表示“全部”“整个”。如: We worked hard all year.我们整年辛勤劳动。

A general strike paralized all Paris that day.那天一次总罢工使整个巴黎瘫痪。另外,all还可用作副词,表示“完全”“全部”,此时有可能与表示两者的名词连用。如: My hands are all wet.我的手全湿了。

三、either与neither的用法比较

either和neither均用于指两者,either意为“两者之一”“任意一方”,neither意为“两者都不”。两者均可直接修饰名词,但被修饰的名词要用单数形式。如:

He could write with either hand.他两只手都能写字。You may take either of the roads.两条路你走哪一条都行。Neither statement is true.两种说法都不是事实。

I tried on two dresses, but neither fitted me.我试了两条连衣裙,但哪一条也不合身。注意,neither可视为either的否定式,即neither= not either。如: I like neither book.=I don’t like either book.这两本书我都不喜欢。

四、any与none的用法比较

any和none均用于指三者或三者以上,any意为“三者或多者当中的任意一个”,none意为“三者或多者当中的任意一个都不”。如:

We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, any of which is completely waterproof.我们已经测试过300种靴子,任何一种都是完全防水的。

We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of which is completely waterproof.我们已经测试过300种靴子,没有一种是完全防水的。

any可以直接修饰名词,但none不能直接修饰名词,但可改用none of。如: He likes none of the books.这些书他全不喜欢。

五、each与every的用法比较

each既可用于两者,也可用于三者或三者以上,而every只用于三者或三者以上,所以当用于两者时,只能用each,不能用every。比如要表示“路的每一边”,我们要说成each side of the road,但不能说成every side of the road,因为“路”只有两个side。但是,如果说“广场的每一边”,我们就可以说every side of the square,因为“广场”一般都有四个side。

另外,each 后面可以接 of 短语,但 every 后不能这样用。如(): I spoke to each of the twins this morning.今天早晨我与两个双胞胎分别谈了谈。Each of these phrases has a different meaning.这些短语各有不同的意思。

另外,注意当由and连接的两个并列主语受 each 或 every 的修饰时,其谓语用单数。如:

Every man and woman likes the film.每个男女都喜欢这部电影。

回答what, who, how many等要用什么不定代词

先请看一道题:

— How many students took part in it? — ________.A.Nobody B.No one

C.None

D.No one 此题应选C。容易误选A,B。

在通常情况下,回答以what,who,how many等开头的疑问句,有一定的讲究: 1.以What开头的疑问句,否定回答通常用Nothing: —What did he say at the meeting? 他在会上讲了些什么? —Nothing.什么也没有讲。

—What’s in the box? 这盒子有什么? —Nothing.什么也没有。

2.以Who开头的疑问句,否定回答通常用Nobody,No one: —Who was late today? 今天谁迟到了? —No one.没有人迟到。

—Who has read the book? 谁读过这本书? —Nobody.没有人。

3.以How many,how much开头的疑问句,否定回答通常用None: —How many dictionaries did you buy yesterday? 昨天你买了几本字典? —None.一本也没买。

—How much money did he lend you? 他借给你多少钱? —None.一分也没有。

指示代词的几点用法说明

1.指示代词的基本用法

指示代词包括this, that, these, those等,它们在句中既可用作代词,也可用作形容词。一般说来,this, these表“近指”,而that, those则“远指”。

2.指示代词指上文还是指下文

指上文提到的事多用that,有时用this,指下文的事只能用this。如: —He was nearly drowned once.—When was ________? —________was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A.that;It B.this;This C.this;It

D.that;This 答案是A。指上文提到的事多用that,it指时间。3.电话用语中的指示代词

在电话用语中指自己用this,指对方用that,不用I或you。如: “Who’s that?” “This is Mary speaking.”“你是哪位?”“我是玛丽。” 4.指示代词受定语从句的修饰

指示代词that, those后可接定语从句,一般说来,that后接which引导的定语从句,those后接who引导的定语从句。如:

They say the only real knowledge is that which can be measured.据说唯一真实的知识是可以检验的知识。

Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in.只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。

5.指示代词用作替代词

that, those有时可用作替代词,用以替代前面提到过的人或事物。如: My seat is next to that of the mayor.我的座位在市长座位旁边。

Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light.红色光线的波长约为蓝色波长的两倍。

反身代词的用法

1.作动词或介词的宾语:经常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, seat, dress, express, amuse, behave等动词和by, for, to, of等介词后作宾语。如:

He is teaching herself English.她在自学英语。She was talking to herself.她自言自语。

He lives by himself in the country.他独自住在乡下。

2.作主语或宾语的同位语:主要起加强语气的作用,译作“亲自,本身,本人”。如: Did you make the cake yourself?这蛋糕是你亲自做的吗?(yourself作主语you的同位语)The work itself is easy.这工作本身很容易。(itself作主语the work的同位语)Did you see Mr.Wang himself?你见过王先生本人吗?(himself作宾语Mr.Wang的同位语)3.作表语:在be, feel, look, seem等系动词后作表语,表示身体或精神状态处于正常。如:

I’m not myself today.今天我感觉不舒服。I am feeling myself again.我觉得健康如昔。4.用于一些简短的会话用语或固定说法中。如: Help yourself!请随便吃吧!/请自己去取吧!Make yourself at home!别客气!

Don’t upset yourself!别自寻烦恼(from puter.我的是脑有点问题了。5.定语后置

修饰复合不定代词的形容词要位于后面。如:

I have something important to tell you.我有件重要的事要告诉你。6.习语问题

要注意含复合不定代词的习语,如for nothing(徒劳,免费),nothing doing(不行,我不干)anything but(=not at all决不,根本不),nothing but(仅仅,只不过),It’s nothing.(不用谢,不必在意),等等。如:

I can’t believe we did all that work for nothing.我不相信我们所做的一切会是徒劳。7.作名词的用法问题

something, somebody/someone, anything还可作名词,意为“重要的事情(或人物)”。如: His wife is now somebody in television.他的妻子现在是电视界的大人物了。Money isn’t everything.金钱不是一切(from www.yygrammar)。

If you want to be anybody, you must work hard.如果你想成为名人,你得努力学习。8.分写与合写问题 someone/anyone/everyone =somebody /anybody /everybody只能指人,不能与of短语连用;而some one/any one/every one则既可指人也可指物,可与of短语连用。如:

篇3:人称代词与物主代词用法归纳

单数形式:I-me, you-you, he-him, she-her, it-it

复数形式:we-us, you-you, they-them

二、人称代词在句中的作用

(1) 主格作主语。如:

I am English.我是英国人。

(2) 宾格作宾语, 放在及物动词或介词之后, 有时还可以在口语中用作表语。如:

(1) I don’t know him.我不认识他。 (动词宾语)

(2) What’s wrong with you?你怎么了? (介词宾语)

三、人称代词并列用法的排列顺序

(1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时, 其顺序为:

第二人称→第三人称→第一人称

即:you and I;he/she/it and I;you, he/she/it and I

(2) 复数人称代词作主语时, 其顺序为:

第一人称→第二人称→第三人称

即:we and you;you and they;we, you and they

为帮助同学们理解和掌握英语人称代词, 请记住下面的口诀:

人称代词分主/宾, 只有八对要区分。

你 (们) 、它主/宾同一形, 其余主/宾须分清。

谓语之前主格填, 动/介之后宾格跟,

口语运用最灵活, 表语也可用宾格。

人称代词并列现, 注意顺序礼貌见,

二一、三一、二三一, 第一人称最谦虚,

若把错误责任担, 第一人称须当先。

四、物主代词在句中的作用

用来表示某人或某物属于“谁的”的代词叫做物主代词。形容词性物主代词有:my (我的) , your (你的、你们的) , our (我们的) , his (他的) , her (她的) , its (它的) , their (他们的) 。形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性, 常放在名词前面作定语, 表明该名词所表示的人或物是“谁的”。

1. 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词, 在句中只能用作定语, 后面必须跟名词。例如:

Is that your bike?那是你的自行车吗?

2. 如果名词前用了形容词性物主代词, 就不能再用冠词 (a, an, the) 、指示代词 (this, that, these, those) 等修饰词了。例如:

这是他的书桌。

误:This is his a desk.

正:This is his desk.

3. 与形容词一起修饰名词时, 形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。如:his English books他的英语书, their Chinese friends他们的中国朋友。

4. 汉语中经常会出现“我妈妈”, “你们老师”等这样的语言现象, 虽然代词用的是“我”、“你们”, 但实际意义仍是“我的”、“你们的”, 所以在英译时, 注意要用形容词性物主代词“my”, “your”。例如:

你妈妈在家吗?

误:Is you mother at home?

正:Is your mother at home?

5. it’s与its读音相同, he’s与his读音相似, 但使用时需注意它们的区别 (it’s和he’s分别是it is和he is的缩略形式, 但its和his却是形容词性物主代词) 。例如:

It’s a bird.Its name is Polly.它是一只鸟。它的名字叫波利。

He’s a student.His mother is a teacher.他是一名学生。他妈妈是一位教师。

五、名词性物主代词在句中的作用

1. 作主语, 例如:

May I use your pen?Yours works better.

我可以用一用你的钢笔吗?你的比我的好用。

2. 作宾语, 例如:

I love my motherland as much as you love yours.

我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。

3. 作介词宾语, 例如:

Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.

你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话, 而不能按你自己的意义去解释。

4. 作主语补语, 例如:

例句:This is my case.

This case is mine.在这里的mine带有“我的 (书) ”的意思。

This book belongs to me.

篇4:反身代词用法点拨 

表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”和“你们自己”等的代词,叫做自身代词,又称为“反身代词”。其形式为:

巧记忆:单数后面加-self, 复数后面加-selves; 一、二人称前半用形代,第三人称前半用宾格。

二、反身代词的用法

1.作同位语用以加强语气,放在所同位的词后面或放在句末。例如:

I cooked it myself.=I myself cooked it. 我自己做的饭。

I spoke to the chairman himself. 我对主席本人讲。

2.作宾语(表示动作返回到动作执行者本身,即主语和宾语是指同一个或同一些人或物。)

Mary saw herself in the mirror. 玛丽在镜子中看见了她自己。

请比较:

Mary saw her in the mirror. 玛丽在镜子中看见了她。(另外一个人)

We teach ourselves English. 我们自学英语。(自己教自己)

3.作表语

He isn’t quite himself today. 他今天情绪有点反常。

4.介词+反身代词

Tom said to himself, “Where am I?”汤姆自言自语:“我在哪儿呢?”

I went to the post office by myself. 我一个人去邮局。(单独地,一个人的,相当于alone或without help)

请比较:

I went to the post office myself. 我亲自去的邮局。(强调不需要别人去,是我自己去的。)

请记住下列短语:say to oneself 自言自语 for oneself为自己 by oneself 独自地

注意:1. 反身代词不可作主语。例如:他自己开的门。

错:Himself opened the door.

正:He himself opened the door.

2.反身代词不可有所有格。例如:这是我自己的房间。

错:This is myself’s room.

正:This is my own room.

请同学们做下列巩固练习:

用适当的反身代词填空:

1.She did the washing_________.

2.Be careful or you may fall and you hurt_________.

3.The watch is mine. I bought it_________.

4.You are old enough to look after_________.

5.They have to do the work all by_________.

6.We_________want to go to Australia.

7.Jane and Helen enjoyed_________at the party.

8.The story_________is very interesting.

9.Help_________to the bananas, please.

10.He teaches_________Japanese.

Keys:

1.herself

2.yourself/yourselves

3.myself

4.youself/yourselves

5.themselves

6. ourselves

7.themselves

8.itself

9.yourself/ yourselves

篇5:初中英语代词用法

His pencil box is on the desk.

This is our school.

(2)名词性物主代词作名词用

本身就相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,因此,后面不可再加名词。

作主语:

Richard’s school bag is blue and mine is black. 里查德的书包是蓝色的,我的书包是黑色的。(mine=my school bag)

作表语:

It’s his. 这是他的(东西)。

作宾语:

He borrows your dictionary and you may borrow mine. 他借你的字典,你可以借我的。(作及物动词的宾语)

“of+名词性物主代词”可以放在名词后作定语,表示强调:

He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。

?注意:

试比较下面两句句子:

This is a photo of mine. 这是我的一张照片。(照片是我拥有的,但不一定照的是我本人)

This is a photo of me. 这是一张我本人的照片。(照片上是我本人)

篇6:初中英语代词用法

一、例题选讲

例1 We should learn to get on well with ( ) .

A. other B. others

C. the other D. the others

答案: B

提示: other泛指另外的,其他的,后面一般接名词,the other特指两者中的另一个(单数),the others特指在某个范围中的其他人或物(复数),others泛指其他人或物(复数)。本句意思与别人友好相处是泛指。

例2 Would you like some coffee? Yes, just ( ).

A. a little B. little

C. a few D. few

答案: A

提示: a little与little修饰不可数名词,前者是有肯定的含义而后者有否定的含义。a few与few修饰可数名词,前者有肯定的含义,而后者有否定的含义。在句中coffee是不可数名词,答句中是肯定的意思。另外如果有just或only修饰只能用a little或a few。

例3 ( )of the students passed the exam.They all failed.

A. Neither B. None

C. Both D. All

答案: B

提示: none与all用于三者以上的复数,none为否定,all为肯定。both与neither用于两者,both为肯定,neither为否定,原句中They all failed暗示说明没有一个人通过,要用none表示否定。

例4 Let Lin Tao do it by( ), He is no longer a kid.

A. him B. his

C. himself D. he

答案: C

提示: 本题是反身代词的用法,句中的by是介词,后面接人的代词的宾格或名词性物主代词,或反身代词,作它的宾格。by oneself是固定搭配强调“独立、单独”。

例5 -Why don’t we take a little break

-Didn’t we just have( )?

A. it B. that

C. one D. this

答案: C

提示: one替代上文中的a little break。

例6 ( ) leaves the classroom last ought to turn off the lights.

A. Anyone B. The person

C. Whoever D. Who

答案: C

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