名词所有格和复数

2024-04-25

名词所有格和复数(通用6篇)

篇1:名词所有格和复数

主谓一致:在英语句中,谓语受主语动支配,必须同主语在人称和数上保持一致。*名词+as well as/no less than/but/except/with/like +其他名词,作主语时,谓语与前面的第一个名词一致.*few/a few/both/many/several+名词复数/of+名词复数+复数

*不定代词/疑问代词(something/anything/anywhere/somewhere/where/when)+单数

语法一致原则:句子谓语动词的数取决于该句子主语的数。

1。“the+姓氏名词的复数形式”(---的成员)+复数

2。all/some/half/enough/two thirds +名词(单/复数)+单/复数

3.复数形式的名词:clothes/trousers/shorts(短裤)/glasses/scissors/gloves/chopsticks等+复数

计量单位(pair)+ 复数形式的名词+谓语取决于 计量单位

意义一致原则:谓语动词的单、复数形式,取决于主语所表达的概念。

1.集体名词:people/public(公共)/police/crew(船员)+复数

2。复数形式,单数意义。(news/physics/maths/politics)

3.集合名词:class/family/team/Chinese/Japanese强调总体--单数;强调个体--复数。The class has 45 students.The class are planting trees on the hill.4.时间、距离、价格、重量的复数名词/算式+单数

Ten days is a long time.5.the +形容词“表一类人”+复数;

The rich have much money.6.and/both---and + 复数

7。one of/each of/none of/either of/neither of +名词+单数

8.a number(许多)+n +复数;the number(---的数量)+n +单数

9。名词+and+名词“表同一人/物用单数”“表不同人/物用复数”

The writer and the speaker are from the USA.The writer and speaker is from the USA.就近一致原则:谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词/代词的数保持一致。

1.or/not---but/either---or---/neither---nor---/not only---but also---+就近原则

2.There be+并列主语

(一)主谓一致的种类

1.语法形式上的一致

主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。如:

The number of the students present is 200.Jane and Mary look alike.2.意义上一致

1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。如:The crowd were shouting.单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, police, cattle等。

2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。如:The news was so surprising.形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics, economics等。

3.就近原则

即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or,either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。如:

Either your students or Mr.Wang knows this.(二)主谓一致的应用

1.名词作主语

1)某些集体名词,如family, team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

His family is a happy one.The whole family are watching TV.这类名词有:audience,class,club,company,crew,enemy,crowd,government,group,party,public,team等。

名词population一词的使用情况类似。“a group(crowd)of +复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数,前者强调整体,后者强调各个部分。

2)某些集体名词,如people, police, cattle等,只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。如:

The police are searching for the thief.3)单、复数同形的名词主语时,谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。如:

A sheep is over there.Some sheep are over there.4)名词所有格之后的名词被省略,这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等,作主语时,动词一般用单数。如:

The doctor’s is across the street.My uncle’s is not far from here.常见的省略名词有:the baker’s, the barber’s, the carpenter’s, the Zhang’s等。

表示店铺的名词,一般作集体名词看待,但用作主语时,谓语动词往往用复数。如:

Richardson’s have a lot of goods to sell.5)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。如:

Three years has passed since then.6)不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。如:

Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema.7)如果主语有more than one…或many a…构成,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。如:

More than one student has read the book.Many a girl has been there.但是,“more +复数名词+than one”结构之后,谓语动词一般多用复数形式。如:

More members than one are against your plan.8)一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,例如:glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如:

A pair of shoes was on the desk.9)this kind of book =a book of this kind(这种书),其谓语动词用单数;短语this kind of men =men of this kind =these kind of men(口语)(这一类人),但this kind of men的谓语动词用单数,men of this kind和these kind of men的谓语动词用复数,all kinds of后跟复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

This kind of men is dangerous.Men of this kind are dangerous.10)复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时,按意义一致原则,作用单数意义时,谓语用单数,反之,谓语用复数。这类名词有:means(方法),works(工厂),species(种类),Chinese,Japanese等。如:

The(This)glass works was set up in 1980.(这家玻璃厂建于1980年。)

The(These)glass works are near the railway station.(这些玻璃厂在火车站附近。)

当它们前面有a, such a , this, that修饰时,谓语用单数;有all, such, these, those修饰时,谓语用复数,但means, no means, the means等词前没有以上修饰词时,可用作单数,也可用作复数。

11)如果名词词组中心词是all,most, half, rest等词语,所指的复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式;反之,用单数。如:

All of my classmates like music.All of the water is gone.12)在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:

Between the two windows hangs a picture.2.由连接词连接的名词作主语

1)

用and或both…and连接并列主语,谓语动词通常用复数形式。如:

Plastics and rubber never rot.Walking and riding are good exercises.但是,并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and后面的名词没有冠词。如: Truth and honesty is the best policy.The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor.To love and to be loved is great happiness.Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.A knife and fork is on the table.2)当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数而定。如:

The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.3)以or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接的名词(代词)作主语时,谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。如:

Tom or his brothers are waiting in the room.Either you or he is to go.3.代词作主语

1)名词性物主代词作主语时,既可以用作单数,也可以用作复数,这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。如:

Ours(Our Party)is a great party.Your shoes are black, and mine(=my shoes)are brown.2)such, the same起指示代词作用时,应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。如:

Such is our plan.Such are his words.3)关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如:

Those who want to go please put up your hands.Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.4)疑问代词who, what, which作主语时,谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。如:

Who lives next door ? It is Xiao Liu.Who live next door ? It is Zhang and Liu.What produce(s)heat ?

5)不定代词any, either, neither, none, all some, more等作主语时,有以下两种情况:

单独作主语时,视其在文中的意义,动词用单数或复数形式,例如:

Now all has been changed.All are present.either, neither单独作主语时,谓语通常用单数。

但后接of时,若of的宾语为不可数名词,动词当然用单数形式,若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时,动词可以是单数,也可以是复数,在正式文体中,单数形式的动词更常用。如:

Do(es)any of you know his address ?

None of them has(have)seen the film.4.分数、量词作主语

1)“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of +名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致,这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词,而短语中前面的量词是修饰语,例如:

Lots of damage was caused by fire.About three-fourths of the earth’s surface is covered with water.Three-fifths of the workers here are women.和这种情况类似的还有“a number of+名词复数”,但是,“the number of +名词”的中心词却是number, 试比较:

A number of students have gone home.The number of pages in this book is two hundred.注意:(large)quantities of修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数,例如:

Quantities of food(nuts)were on the table.短语in quantity, in large quantities意为“大量”;in small quantities意为“少量”。

2)a great deal of , a large amount of修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数;large amounts of修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数,例如:

A large amount of(A great deal of)damage was done in a very short time.Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.3)表示数量的one and a half后,名词要用复数形式,但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,例如:

One and a half bananas is left on the table.4)half of,(a)part of修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数,修饰可数名词复数时,谓语动词用复数。

5.名词化的形容词作主语

如果主语由“the+形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数,这类词有:the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed等;但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数。如:

The blind study in special schools.The departed was a well-known engineer.这类形容词或分词如果要表示个体时,就要与名词man, person或表示人的单数连和,如:an old man, a rich person, the(a)wounded soldier

6.从句作主语

1)由what引导的主语从句,谓语动词通常用单数,但所指的具体内容是复数意义时,谓语动词一般用复数形式,例如:

What we need is more time.What we need are doctors.2)在“one of+复数名词++who/that/which”引导的从句结构中,关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one,因此,从句中的动词应该是复数形式。如:

This is one of the most interesting stories that have been told.但是当one之前有the only等修饰语时,关系代词的先行词是one,而不是靠近它的复数名词,因此从句的动词应是单数形式。如: She was the only one of the girls who was late.

篇2:名词所有格和复数

1)单复数形式相同

大多数以-er和el结尾的阳性、中性名词及所有以-chen和-lein结尾的中性名词,其单复数形式均相同,有些阳性名词在构成复数时词干原因a、o、u需要变音。大多数以-en结尾的阳性名词也属此类。der Schüler(die Schüler), das Fenster(die Fenster), der Löffel(die Löffel), das Rätsel(die Rätsel), das Mädchen(die Mädchen), das Tischlein(die Tischlein), der Wagen(die Wagen), der Bruder(die Brüder), der Vogel(die Vögel), der Garten(die Gärten)2)复数加词尾-e 大多数单音节阳性名词,构成复数时加词尾-e,某些名词的词干元音还需变音。der Stier(die Stiere), der Gruß(die Grüße)少数阴性名词也属此类。die Kuh(die Kühe)以-eur结尾的阳性名词及以-zeug和-ment结尾的中性名词构成复数时也加词尾-e。der Ingeniuer(die Ingenieure)das Flugzeug(die Flugzeuge)

das Medikament(die Medikamente)3)复数加词尾-n/-en 以-e,el和-er结尾的阴性名词构成复数时加词尾-n。die Banane(die Bananen)die Gabel(die Gabeln)die Schwester(die Schwestern)以-ion,-ung,-keit,-heit,-schaft,-tät,-thek,-(r)ei结尾的阴性名词,若有复数均加词尾-en。

die Lektion(die Lektionen)die Übung(die Übungen)die Möglichkeit(die Möglichkeit)die Krankheit(die Krankheiten)die Freundschaft(die Freundschaften)die Universität(die Universitäten)die Bibliothek(die Biliotheken)die Bücherei(die Büchereien)以-or结尾的阳性名词,复数加词尾-en,且重音位置变动。der Doktor(die Doktoren)

der Professor(die Professoren)以-ie结尾的阴性名词,若有复数,则加词尾-n。大多数阴性名词复数时,也加词尾-en。die Biografie(die Biografien)die Frau(die Frauen)4)复数加词尾-er 许多阳、中性名词复数时加词尾-er,某些名词词干元音需变音。der Wald(die Wälder)das Kind(die Kinder)das Haus(die Häuse)5)复数时加词尾-s 大多数外来词复数时加词尾-s。das Handy(die Handys)die E-Mail(die E-Mails)der Park(die Parks)das Taxi(die Taxis)以原音结尾的名词(原因-e除外)、缩写词和缩略词也属此类。der Opa(die Opas)

der PKW(die PKWs)die Uni(die Unis)

说明:

1.德语名词的复数构成大致可以分成以上5大类9种。除此以外,a)以-nis结尾的名词(大多数为中性名词)构成复数时加词尾-se,如: das Ergebnisdie Erlebnisse b)以-um结尾的名词(基本上是中性名词)构成复数时,其词尾-um通常改成-en,有几个则要改成-a,如:

篇3:英语名词单复数变化攻略

一、“顺口溜”

单数变复数,规则要记住,一般加s,特殊有几处

S和x、ch和sh,es紧跟后。末尾字母o,大多加s

两人有两菜,es不离口,词尾f、fe,s前有v和e;

辅音字母 +y, 变y为I, 这个规律‘繁’,加上es不难,

没有规则词,必须单独记。

二、解读名词复数形式的变化规则。

1. 名词复数形式的规则变化。

(1)一般情况下,直接在名词后加‘s’构成名词的复数。

eg.boy—boys,teacher—teachers,pen—pens,etc.

(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词在名词后加 -es.

eg.box—boxes,bus—buses,watch—watches,bruch—bruches,etc.

注:以—ch结尾的名词,若ch读 /k/, 则应加‘s’构成其复数形式。

eg.stomach—stomachs,epoch(时代)—epochs,etc.

(3)以“辅音字母 +y”结尾的名词,其复数形式应是先把y变为i,再加 -es。

eg.city—cities,family—families,baby—babies,etc.

* 但下面两个专有名词恰恰是例外:它们的复数形式是直接加 -s。例如:Mary-Marys:

I Know two Marys, one is called Mary Smith ,the other is called Mary White.

Germany-Germanys:

The two Germanys, that is to say ,East Germany and West Germany are going to merge.

(4)以 -f或 -fe结尾的名词,其复数形式应是把 -f,或 -fe变为-ves。

eg.wife—wives,life—lives,thief—thieves,leaf—leaves,half—halves,etc.

注:顺口溜帮助记忆:“树叶(leaf)半数 (half) 自己 (self) 黄,妻子 (wife) 拿刀 (knife) 去杀狼 (wolf),架 (shelf) 后小偷 (thief) 逃命(life) 忙。”

有些则是 直接加 -s。例如:grief—griefs,proof—proofs,chief—chiefs,belief—beliefs, etc.

而象handkerchief那样, 既可变为:handkerchiefs, 也可变为handkerchieves,这应当看作是一种例外。

注:顺口溜帮助记忆:“海湾 (gulf) 边,屋顶 (roof) 上 , 首领(chief) 奴仆 (serf) 两相望,谁说他们无信仰 (blief),证据 (proof) 写在手帕 (handkerchief) 上。”

(5)以 -o结尾的名词,记住加 -es的几个单词,其余均加‘s’。eg. tomato-tomatoes, hero-heroes, potato—potatoes ,etc. 其他情况; 例如: A. 以双元音结尾的:radio—radios, zoo—zoos, etc.B. 某些外来词:photo—photos, piano—pianos, kilo—kilos, etc.

注:顺口溜帮助记忆:“英雄吃土豆和西红柿。”

2 名词复数形式的不规则变化。

(1)以 -man结尾的名词,其复数形式应是将 -man变为 -men。eg.man—men,woman—women,fisherman—fishermen,policeman—policemen,gentleman—gentlemen,etc. 但有几个名词的复数形式则是直接加 -s。这也可以看作是一种例外。

如:German-Germans,human-humans,etc.

(2)tooth,goose,foot的复数形式是将“oo”变为“ee”。

(3)fish,deer,sheep的单复数形式一样。

(4)child—children,mouse—mice.

(5)由man和woman构成的复合名词,变复数形式两者都要变,其他只变后面一个中心词。

eg.one man teacher—five men teachers,one woman nurse—ten women nurses,etc.

one banana tree—two banana trees,a boy student –eight boy students,etc.

注:顺口溜帮助记忆:“男人女人都要变,将a变e很方便。‘牙’鹅两脚o变e, 小孩复加‘ren’。鱼、鹿、绵羊很特殊,单复形式均一样。男人女人复合词,两者皆变要记牢。”

3. 其他变化情况。

(1)表示“某国人”的名词复数形式有如下三种情形:

A. 单、复数词形相同。

a Chinese—two Chinese, a Japanese—two Japanese

B. 名词后面直接加 -s。

an American—two Americans, an Austrian—two Austrians

an Australian—two Australians, a Russian—two Russians

a German—two Germans, a Swede—two Swedes

C. 以 -man结尾的,则变为 -men。

an Englishman—two Englishmen

a Frenchman—two Frenchmen, etc.

注:“中日不变,英法变,其他后面加s。”

(2)英语中表示度、量、衡及物价等的单位名词为可数名词,有单数与复数的词形变化。

例如;one penny→six pennies

one dollar→two dollars

Thirty pounds? That’s too expensive

The weight of this equipment is fifteen tons.

There’s danger about thirty metres ahead.

* 但是其谓语动词仍旧用单数形式。

例如:Where is that five pounds?

Twenty miles is a long way to walk.

* 值得注意的是音译的汉语量词,一般不用复数形式。例如:里(li),斤(jin),亩(mu),元(yuan),角(jiao),分 (fen)etc.

It is about 5 li from here.

The book cost me two yuan and five jiao.

The pig weighs over one hundred jin.

(3)某些名词的复数形式,有时具有特别的意思。例如:papers(文件,证件),goods(货物),clothes(衣服),arms(武器),minutes(记录),times(时代),greens(青菜)looks(外貌),manners(礼貌 )peoples(民族,种族),words(言语),works(工厂、工事、著作)etc.

(4)有些名词经常带着 -s词尾的。

例如:news, politics, physics,the United States, the United Nations, etc.

但通常把它们当作单数看待,只有在个别的句子里才作复数处理。例如:

Politics is an important thing.(政治是一件重要的事情)

What are your politics?(你的政见如何?)

(5)某些表示由两个部分构成的物体的名词。trousers,glasses, shoes,chopsticks,etc. 还包括goods,arms,clothes,minutes,contents,wages,etc. 都可作复数。

例如:Joe’s new trousers are black.

His clothes are quite old.

High wages make Jim very happy.

(6)一般地说物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词,因此没有复数形式。

例如:information, knowledge, advice, milk, water, ice, bread, etc.

但是某些名词以复数形式出现时,其含义或可表示若干种类(a),或可表示数量之多(b)。

例如:There are many fishes in the river.(河里有许多种鱼。)

This animal can eat one sheep and some other foods a day.(这种动物一天能吃掉一只羊及其他的食物。)

She told him of all her hopes and fears.(她把她所有的希望及担忧之事告诉了他。)

This brought to mind her sufferings in those days.(这使她回想起在那些日子中所受的苦)

(7)有些集体名词,通常用作复数。例如 :police, people, youth,cattle, etc. 其单数形式分别为:a policeman,a person,a young person, a cow ,etc.

篇4:英汉名词不大同 复数和格尤注重

一、名词的分类

英语的名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。专有名词表示个人、机构、组织、地方、国家等的专有名称,首字母一般大写,如:Obama, the Youth League, the Childrens Palace, Beijing, China, Asia等。普通名词的分类见表1:

二、可数名词及其单复数

名词分为可数(有单、复数形式)和不可数名词(只有单数形式)。名词由单数变为复数有两种情况:规则变化和不规则变化。

1. 名词复数的规则变化(见表2)

2. 名词复数的不规则变化(见表3)

注:

①表示年代中的数词的复数形式,加-s或-s。如the 1980s或1980s二十世纪八十年代

②英语中有些名词通常用其复数形式,如glasses眼镜,trousers裤子,shorts短裤,jeans牛仔裤,scissors剪刀,compasses圆规,socks袜子,stockings长统袜,gloves手套,findings调查结果,arms武器,ashes灰烬,contents目录,congratulations祝贺,thanks感谢,fireworks焰火,remains残余部分,clothes衣服, stairs楼梯,goods货物,crossroads十字路口,exports出口货物,folks家人。

三、不可数名词

物质名词和抽象名词通常为不可数名词。

1. 不可数名词的用法特点。

(1)没有复数形式。如:

I have just had some bread.我刚吃了一些面包。

(2)前面不能用不定冠词。如:

I like music.我喜欢音乐。

(3)前面不能用数词或few, many, a number of修饰,但可用little, much, some, a lot of, a great deal of修饰。如:

She has a lot of power and influenc.她很有权势。

(4)作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。如:

Physics is a difficult subject for me.特理学对我来说是一门难学的科目。

(5)表示数量时,可借助单位词,用a piece of之类的结构来表达。如:

a piece of news 一条新闻

three pieces of bread三块面包

two glass of milk两杯牛奶

2. 有些物质名词可用复数形式,但意义不同。如:

3. 有些抽象名词可用作个体名词,但意义不同。如:

4. 英语里有不少同义成对名词,一个可数,另一个不可数。如:

四、名词所有格

1. 名词所有格的构成

名词所有格表示所有关系,一般由“名词+s”构成。-s词尾的加法有以下几种情况:

2. 名词所有格的用法

(1)有生命的名词的所有格通常用s来表示,但表示时间、距离、金额、天体、国家或城市等的名词也用s表示。如:

tomorrows lessons明天的功课

a few hours ride骑车几个小时的路程

the earths atmosphere地球大气层

Harvards Department of Linguistics哈佛大学语言学系

(2)无生命的物的名词所有格,一般用of表示,但表示人的名词有时也用of表示,尤其是较长的名词时。如:

the cover of the book那本书的封面

a mans voice=the voice of a man人的声音

in the opinion of most people在大多数人看来

注意:

①名词所有格在表示商店、家宅等地点或学院、教堂名称时,名词常省略。如:

at the doctors(office)在医院

at the barbers(shop)在理发店

at the grocers(shop)在食品店

at my uncles(home)在我叔叔家

at the tailors(shop)在裁缝店

at Lucys(home)在露希家

St. Pauls(Cathedral)圣保罗大教堂

Queens(College)女王学院

②复数名词所有格作定语时,有时可以省略撇号:“”。如:

a teachers (=teachers) college师范学院。

③表示节日的名称。

Valentines Day 情人节 April Fools Day愚人节

Womens Day 妇女节 Childrens Day 儿童节

Mothers Day 母亲节 Fathers Day父亲节

Teachers Day 教师节 New Years Day元旦

④双重所有格

of+-s结构叫作双重所有格,如a friend of my uncles(我叔叔的一个朋友)中的of my uncles,表示部分;that large house of Mr. Browns布朗先生的那栋大房子,表示感情色彩。

注意:双重所有格与of所有格在含义上是不同的。试比较以下两句:

He is a friend of my fathers. 他是我父亲的一个朋友。

(相当于He is one of my fathers friends. 强调我父亲的朋友不止一个)

He is a friend of my father. 他是我父亲的朋友。

(相当于He is friendly to my father. 强调他对我父亲很友好)

五、名词的用法

1. 作主语。

The book is interesting.这本书很有趣。

2. 作宾语。

I bought a book yesterday.我昨天买了一本书。

3. 作表语。

This is a book.这是一本书。

4. 作补语。

We call the activity hiking.我们把这种活动叫做徒步旅行。

5. 作同位语。

Peter, my English teacher, is kind to us.彼特,我的英语老师,对我们很友善。

6. 作定语。

He works in a car factory.他在一家汽车厂工作。

注:

(1)有时,名词所有格与名词作定语无区别。试比较:

(2)英语里名词作定语非常普遍。如:

coffee cup咖啡杯 orange juice橘汁

eye drops眼药水 credit card信用卡

information desk 问讯处 identity card身份证

family name姓 news agency新闻社

school report成绩单 seat belt安全带

heart disease心脏病 colour screen彩屏

cell phone手机 shoe store鞋店

time table时刻表 emergency room急诊室

gold medal 金牌 time zone时区

press conference记者招待会 power plant发电厂

weather forecast天气预报 welcome speech欢迎词

video camera 录像机 satellite TV卫星电视

telephone directory电话号码簿

以上名词作定语用的都是单数形式,而且很多已变成了复合名词。只有少数名词作定语需要用复数。例如:

sports meet运动会 courses committee课程委员会

goods train(火车)货车 entertainments guide娱乐指南

clothes shop服装店 telecommunications industry电信业

知识运用

一、写出下列名词的复数形式。

1. month ________ 2. photo ________ 3. leaf ________

4. tomato ________ 5. toy 6. analysis _______

7. box 8. study ________ 9. watch ________

10. belief ________

二、翻译下列短语。

1. 女士们,先生们 ______________________

2. 十四个德国人 ______________________

3. 一则忠告 ______________________

4. 一碗米饭 ______________________

5. 一瓶牛奶 ______________________

6. 一件家具 ______________________

7. 一块蛋糕 ______________________

8. 在理发店 ______________________

9. 儿童节 ______________________

10. 身份证 ______________________

三、用名词的正确形式填空。

1. __________(fail)is the mother of success.

2. __________(honest)is the best policy.

3. Today is __________(teacher)Day. Lets go and say hello to our former English teacher.

4. I checked __________(Bob and Mary)car carefully, and found there was nothing wrong.

5. The __________(roof)of the buildings in this seaside town were blown away in the hurricane.

6. I know five __________(woman writer)who are now writing stories for children.

7. Our school is only a five __________(minute)walk from the nearest subway.

8. They saw a group of __________(sheep)eating grass on the top of the hill.

9. The tank is full of__________(fish), which are swimming freely.

10. All scientists accept this __________(datum).

四、用适当的名词填空,注意其正确的形式。

The late pop star Michael Jacksons mother Katherine said that __________(Michael) children will go to school for the first t__________, according to news r__________ on Tuesday.

__________(Michael)mother says that his __________ (child)will attend a private school starting in S__________ this year.

She broke her yearlong silence about her __________ (grandchild)education issue, but did not reveal which school they will attend, according to the n__________.

She has been taking c__________ of MJs three children since the pop singers d__________

last June.

五、短文改错(文中有10处名词用错,请更正)。

The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all mornings. They were expecting a valuable parcel of diamond from South Africa. A few hours earlier, someone had told the polices that thiefs would try to steal the diamonds. When the plane arrived, some of the detective were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. Two man took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Custom House. While two detectives were keeping guards at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprises, the precious parcel was full of stones and sand!

1. ________________ 2. ________________

3. ________________ 4. ________________

5. ________________ 6. ________________

7. ________________ 8. ________________

9. ________________ 10. ________________

六、汉译英。

1. 一年分为四季:春夏秋冬。(season)

___________________________________________

2. 中国的艺术赢得了国外很多人的欣赏。(appreciation)

___________________________________________

3. 在上下班高峰时刻坐公交车真是浪费时间。(waste, rush hour)

___________________________________________

4. 你没有必要送我去火车站,我可以打的去。(need, taxi)

___________________________________________

5. 艾滋病的控制与预防对中国以及整个世界都是一个挑战。(control, prevention, challenge)

___________________________________________

七、书面表达。

写8-10句话简介自己,内容包括姓名、出生年月、家庭成员、上学情况、所学学科以及兴趣爱好等。(注意名词的单复数、专有名词的大写等)

参考答案:

一、1. months 2. photos 3. leaves 4. tomatoes 5. toys 6. analyses 7. boxes 8. studies 9. watches 10. beliefs

二、1. ladies and gentlemen 2. fourteen Germans 3. a piece of advice 4. a bowl of rice 5. a bottle of milk 6. a piece of furniture 7. a slice(piece)of cake 8. at the barbers(shop) 9. Childrens Day 10. identity card

三、1. Failure 2. Honesty 3. Teachers4. Bob and Marys 5. roofs 6. women writers 7. minutes 8. sheep 9. fish 10. data

四、1. Michaels 2. time 3. reports 4. Michaels 5. children 6. September 7. grandchildrens 8. newspaper(news) 9. care 10. death

五、1. morning 2. diamonds 3. hours 4. police 5. thieves 6. detectives 7. men 8. Customs 9. guard 10. surprise

六、1. A year is divided into four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter.

2. Chinese arts have won the appreciation of a lot of people outside China.

3. It is a waste of time taking a bus during the rush hour.

4. There is no need for you to send me to the railway station. I can take a taxi there.

5. AIDS control and prevention is a challenge to China as well as the whole world.

七、My name is Wang Hua. I was born in Beijing on July 22, 1998. There are three people in my family. They are my father, my mother and me. I study in Beijing No. 19 Middle School. At school I study Chinese, maths, physics, chemistry, English and some other subjects. My favourite subject is physics and I am going to be a physicist when I grow up. My hobbies are playing computer games and mountain climbing. In my spare time, I often do these games and sports.

篇5:名词变复数规则和练习以及答案(

一、请写出下列词的复数形式。: 1,leaf _____2,life_____3,thief ____4,woman_____ 5,child_____ 6,foot_____ 7,watch_____8,diary_____9,day______ 10,man____ 11,this_____12,book_______13,dress______14,sheep_______15,tea____ 16,box___17,strawberry_______18,peach____19,juice____20,water____ 21,milk____22,sandwich______23,paper_____24,rice____25,deer_____ 26,fish_____ 27,city____ 28,tree_____ 29,zoo_____ 30,country _____ 31,tooth____32,boy____33,broom_______34,car____35,horse____ 36,bus_____37,fox____38,branch_____39,baby_____40,family_____ 41,dish ____42,radio____43, photo_____ 44,piano_____ 45,knife____ 46.people____47.mouse_____

1.leaves2.lives3.thieves4.women5.children6.feet 7.watches8.diaries 9.days10.men 11.these12.books 13.dresses 14.sheep15.teas 16.boxes 17.strawberries 18.peaches19.juice 20.water 21.milk 22.sandwiches23.papers 24.rice25.deer 26.fish 27.cities 28.trees 29.zoos 30.countries 31.teeth 32boys 33.brooms 34.cars35.horses 36.buses 37.foxes38.branches39.babies40.families 41.dishes 42.radios43.photos44.pianos 45.knives46.47.mice 可数名词变复数形式的规则(小学英语)一般情况,在词尾加-s.desk---desks书桌 girl---girls女孩 boy---boys pen---pens 2 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh 结尾的词,在词尾加--es bus---buses box--boxes brush--brushes watch--watch 以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为I,加-es baby-babies婴儿family--families 家庭以-f 或-fe 结尾的词,变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加-es knife---knives 刀 leaf---leaves 树叶 以辅音字母加-o 结尾的词,一般情况下,在词尾加-es tomato---tomatoes 西红柿 potato--potatoes 马铃薯 可数名词变为复数形式的不规则变化如下: foot--feet 脚,mouse--mice老鼠,goose--geese鹅,ox--oxen公牛,man-men男人,woman--women女人,child--children孩子,Chinese--Chinese中国人,deer--deer 鹿,sheep--sheep 绵羊

fish--fish 鱼

篇6:名词所有格和复数

一、单词的组成:每个单词都是由两种音素组成

1、元音:“元”意思是“根本”,元音就是发音的根本音素。元音发音时发音气流在口腔通过不受阻碍而发出,没有元音,单词就发不出音来。英语字母中有5个元音字母:a、e、i、o、u 和一个半元音字母:y(有时读元音音素 / i/,有时读辅音音素 / j /)。

2、辅音:“辅”意思是“辅助”,辅音就是辅助元音发音的的音素。辅音发音时气流受发音器官(唇、舌、齿、颚)的阻当、吐气通路不畅,如b、g、m、l、s、r、f。26个字母中除了五个半元音字母外,其余都是辅音字母。

二、-ed 的读音规则:

1、-ed 有三种读音:/ t /、/ d /、/ it /,其读音与前面的字母的响亮程度和是否与该读音属于同一个声音有关——

* 元音由于发音时声带振动,发出来的声音很响亮;

* 浊辅音尽管气流要受到发音器官的阻挡,但是由于发音时声带要振动,发出来的声音比较响亮;

* 清辅音不仅气流要受到发音器官的阻挡,发音时声带还不振动,因此发音时只能听到与发音器官摩擦而形成的微弱声音。

* 字母 t 和d 的读音与后缀 –ed 的读音相近,如果连缀为两个 / tt / 或 /dd /,很难听出词尾的读音。

2、读音规则口诀——清则清,响则浊,t、d 后面读 / id /,即:

* 清辅音后的 ed 读作清辅音 / t /,如:worked,developed,missed

* 元音和浊辅音后的 ed 读作浊辅音 / d /,如:浊辅音后——opened,moved,bagged; 元音——studied,played,allowed

* 字母 t 和 d 后的ed 读作 / it /,如:admitted,wanted,bended,landed

三、重读闭音节

闭音节——如果单个元音字母后存在阻挡元音继续拉长发音的辅音字母,那么这个元音的发音就受到辅音的封闭,如:it,big,bank,let 等;

重读闭音节 —— 由两个以上的音节构成的单词,其中的必有一个要重读,如果重读音落在结尾的闭音节上,那么这个音节就叫做重读闭音节,如:be-gin,ad-mit,re-gret 等

英语名词复数变化及发音规则

1、一般在词尾加-s.一般来说,s在元音或浊辅音后读[z},在清辅音后面读成[s],在[t]后与[t]在一起读成[ts],在[d]后与[d]一起读成[dz]。cups杯子

days日子

hands手

hats 帽子

2、以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词在词尾加-es,读[iz] classes 班级

buses 公共汽车

boxes盒子

watches 手表

3、以“元音字母+y”结尾的词,加-s,读作[z];以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-es,读[iz]。

boy-boy男孩

army-armies军队

story-stories 故事

factory-factories工厂

baby-babies

宝贝

4、以o结尾的词,多数加-s,读[z]。

kilo-kilos 公里

photo-photos 照片

tobacco-tobaccos 烟草

piano-pianos 钢琴 以元音字母+o结尾的词一律加-s,读[z]。

zoo-zoos 动物园

radio-radios 收音机 少数以o结尾的词,在词尾加-es,读[z]。

tomato-tomatoes 西红柿

hero-heroes 英雄

potato-potatoes 土豆

5、以f或fe结尾的词,多数把f,fe变为v,再加-es,读[vz]。leaf-leaves 树叶

thief-thieves 小偷

wife-wives 妻子

knife-knives 小刀

6、不规则名词的复数形式。

(1)通过变化单词内部元音字母,构成复杂形式。

man-men 男子

woman-women 女人

foot-feet 脚 goose-geese 鹅

tooth-teeth

牙齿

mouse-mice 老鼠

(2)单数形式与复数形式相同

sheep-sheep 绵羊

deer-deer 鹿Chinese-Chinese 中国人

动词过去式的读音规则

1.在轻辅音[p] [k] [f] [s] [F] [tF]后加ed读轻辅音/t/ asked cooked worked looked talked picked watched passed jumped helped surfed

2.在浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等及元音后加ed读浊辅音/d/ lived listened closed opened stayed watered played

3.在/t/ /d/ 之后读 /Id/ add---added

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