语法专项系列之二名 词

语法专项系列之二名 词（精选5篇）

篇1：语法专项系列之二名 词

语法专项系列之二

代词

1. 并列代词的顺序:

单数为: 二, 三，一, You , he and I should return on time.

复数为: 一， 二, 三, We , you , and they are all right.

2. 反身代词的几种用法:

feel / be ~ 身体好, 行动正常, He is not quite himself today.

by ~ = alone

for~ 亲自

enjoy ~/ = have a good time

seat~ = sit

devote ~ to ---

help ~ to

come to ~ 苏醒过来

make ~ at home 不拘束, 不客气

3. each other/ one another

前者指两者互相, 后者指三者或以上互相, 所有格, 直接在它们后加’s

4. other/ the other/ another

other 常与复数名词和不可数名词连用, 但当可数名前有the / this/ that 等修饰时可用.

the other 是两者中的另一个, 常与one 连用 形成: one --- the other 或the other + 复数名词=the others

another 是三者或以上的任何一个, 也表示 再, 另, 和数词搭配 如: another three

5. it/ one/ that 做替代词的区别

it同类同物

one同类不同物

that后常有of短语修饰时, 或有过去分词, 从句等修饰.

6. none/ no one/ nothing

none 指代人或物, 单复数都可以, 可和of短语连用, 用来回答how many/ much疑问

no one 指 人, 只用可数, 不跟of短语, 回答who 疑问句

nothing 指物, 回答what

eg.

No one / nobody is absent today.

----Did you have any trouble with the customs? ----- None

7. few, little, a few, a little

8. either, neither 表两者, 可跟 of短语 谓语动词用单数形式

9. 部分否定与全部否定

但否定词与all , both, every及every类(everybody/ everyone/ everything)的词连用时, 不论否定词的位置前后都表部分否定

如: Not all the ss are working hard.

All the students are not working hard.

Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you .

用none, no one, nobody, nothing表全部否定

10. every / each

every 强调集体, 指三者或以上, 与not 连用表部分否定

each 强调个体, 可接of 短语, 指两者或以上, 与not连用表全部否定

11. any, 在肯定句中指两者或以上的人或事中的任何一个

any 类 用于否定/疑问/条件句中不表任何意义

anyone= anybody 仅指人

any one 指人或物

12. some

修饰 可数名词或不可数

表 “某一”时= a certain some 后不跟复数名词, 而certain 可跟复数名词

13. 疑问代词的注意点:

who 在句中可做主语或宾语, 但是不能跟介词后

whom 在句中只作宾语,

what 无范围

which 知在一定的范围的哪一个

如: The ties are all in good quality and style, so I don’t know which one to choose from.

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇2：语法专项系列之二名 词

名词的分类

HongKong, China,Bill Clinton,Red Cross

个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如 student,book

名 普可数名词

词通集体名词：表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：family,school,group, people

名

词不可数名词cotton,air,tea

:work，happiness,news

2．名词的复数

可数名词有单、复数形式，其复数的构成规则如下：

1）绝大多数在词尾加s。如：book,books;bag,bags;cup,cups;face,faces.2）以ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的名词加es。如：

watch,watches;brush,brushes;hero,heroes;class,classes;

下列以o结尾的词加s构成复数：piano , photo ,radio ,zoo, bamboo ,kilo

3）以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词，将y改为i，再加es。例如：baby,babies;family,families;

以元音字母＋y结尾的名词，直接加s。例如：boy,boys;key,keys

4）以f或fe结尾的名词，先将f或fe改为v，再加es构成复数形式，如：leaf,leaves;

wife,wives.但有些以f结尾的名词，是在f后加s构成复数，常见的有：

roof,chief,belief,gulf等。个别的两种方式都可以，如：handkerchief,’s,handkerchieves

5）少数名词的复数形式是不规则的，要一一背记：

man→men;woman→women;Englishman→Englishmen;foot→feet;

tooth→teeth;child→children;mouse→mice

少数名词的单、复数形式相同，如：Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish,means(注：fishes表不同种类的鱼)

6）复合名词：

A.含man或woman的复合名词，两部分都变为复数形式。如：two men teachers,four women doctors

B.将复合名词中的主体名词变为复数形式，如：

lookers-on旁观者，editors-in-chief总编辑, passers-by过路人

C.如果没有主体名词，就在词尾后加s。如：

grown-ups 成年人，go-betweens 中间人

7）以复数形式出现的名词：trousers,glasses眼镜，scales天平，savings储蓄，findings 调查结果，doings行为，surroundings环境，arms武器，fireworks烟火，remains残余，thanks感谢，riches财富，ashes灰烬，stairs 楼梯

8）有些名词在一定的词组中要用复数形式。例如：

take pains下功夫,made preparations作准备，give regards to 问候

2.名词的所有格 1

1）名词的所有格一般用于有生命的名词。其构成多在词尾加上“’s”,如：Tom’s bike,Marx’s works

以s结尾的专有名词，在词尾后加“’”或“’s”。如：Engels’/Engels’s works

以s结尾的复数名词，只在词尾加“’”。如：students’ homework,a workers’ nightschool 一所工人夜校，不以s结尾的复数名词，仍在词尾加“’s”。如：men’s clothes男士衣服 children’s books 儿童读物

2）如果一个事物为两个人共有，只在后一个名词的词尾加“’s”，如果不是共有，就要在两个

名词的词尾分别加上“’s”。例如：Tom and Mike’s room汤姆和迈克合住的房间 Tom’s and Mike’s rooms汤姆、迈克各自的房间

3）表示店铺或某人的家时，常在名词所有格后省去shop,house等名词。

如：the tailor’s裁缝店，the barber’s理发店，go to the doctor’s上诊所，at my uncles在我叔叔家

4）表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词，可以在词尾加“’s”或“’”来表示 所有

格。如：today’s newspaper,half an hour’s rest,two weeks’ work,ten minutes′walk,China’s

population,Shanghai’s industry

5）表示无生命的名词一般用of短语表示所有关系。如：

the students of their school, the teachers of Grade 2

6）表示所属物的名词前如果有不定冠词、数词、不定代词，常用“of＋所有格”来表示所属

关系。例如：

He is an old friend of my father’s.This is a picture of Mary’s.考点分析

1．He gained his _______by printing _______of famous writers

A.wealth;workB.wealths;worksC.weaths;workD.wealth;works

析：此题答案D。因为wealth 是不可数名词故可排除B、C两个选项;work既可作不

可数名词表“工作”意，又可作可数名词表“作品”意，常用复数形式。根据题目意思，此处work应作可数名词用，于是又可排除A。

2.Many people agree that_______ knowledge of English is a must in ______

international trade today.A.a;×B.the;anC.the;theD.×;the

析：knowledge 是抽象名词，一般不与不定冠词连用，但指具体“一门学问”或“一

门学问的掌握了解”可与不定冠词连用，这可称之为抽象名词具体化。类例如：a strong character 坚强的性格；a bright future 光明前途；a waste of time 浪费时间；a pressure on sb.对某人的压力；have a good time玩得痛快；He is a failure /a success as a leader 他当领导不行/很出色。抽象名词不与冠词连用是泛指一般概念、意义。如：what fun!fine weather;common knowledge 常识；Knowledge begins 因此international trade前不用冠词。

由以上两点可确定答案为A。

3.Oh, John _____you gave us!

A.How a great surpriseB.How pleasant surprise C.What a pleasant surprise D.What pleasant surprise 析：正确答案为C。“a/an＋形容词＋抽象名词”是抽象名词具体化的常见形式。又如：

an advanced culture 一种先进文化；a great interest 极大的兴趣；do him a good kindness帮了他一个大忙。

4.She broke a _______ while she was washing up.A.glass wineB.wine glassC.wine’s glassD.glass of wine析：根据broke一词及四个选项，可确定空白处应选“酒杯”故可排除A、D；C不是表达“酒杯”的正确形式，只有B才是正确答案。英语中用名词作定语修饰名词的情况很多，这些作定语用的名词可表①分类意义②表时间、地点、称呼③表目的、手段、原料、来源、所属等意义。

①例： woman driver ,telephone number ,school education ,research work ,coffee cup ,English teacher ,air pollution

②例：book store ,winter sleep ,country life ,college student ,South China

③例：milk bottle ,steam boat ,goat skin ,stone wall ,gas station ,lunch room ,tooth brush

5.________terrible weather we’ve been having these days!

A.WhatB.What aC.HowD.How a

析：这是一个感叹句，how修饰形容词，副词或动词，what修饰名词。weather是不可数名词，其前不可加不定冠词a。因此这题正确答案是A。

6.Shortly after the accident ,two _______police were sent to the spot to keep order.A.dozens ofB.dozensC.dozens’ ofD.dozen

析： 正确答案是D。dozen, score ,hundred, thousand ,million等名词前面有数词或many ,several等词，且表示具体数目时，这些名词一般不用复数形式，但在下列短语中却加S，并与of连用:dozens of(许多的)，scores of(好几十的)，hundreds of(成百的)，thousands of(上千的)，millions of（数百万的）

7.I’ll look into the matter as soon as possible.Just have a little ______.A.waitB.timeC.patienceD.rest

析：由题干第一句意“我会尽快调查那件事”，可知下句是要对方不要着急，故答案应为C。这是由情景，语境确定答案题目。

8.If by any chance someone comes to see me ,ask them to leave a _________.A.messageB.letterC.sentenceD.notice

析：答案为A。道理同第7题。

专题练习

1._________from Beijing to London!

A.How long way it is B.What a long way is it C.How long way is it D.What a long way it is

2.We’veworked out the plan ,and now we must put it into________.A.factB.practiceC.realityD.deed

3.Electrcity , like other forms of ________ ,has greatly increased in price.A.pressureB.forceC.strengthD.energy

4．That fellow is clever;he has ___________.A.brainB.a brainC.the brainD.brains

5.Julie went to the ________ to buy a pair of shoes.A.shoes storeB.shoe’s storeC.shoe storeD.shoes’ store

6.Those ______ took lots of ______ in the Summer Palace.A.Germen;photoesB.Germen;photos

C.Germans;photosD.Germans;photoes

7.All possible means __________ to save the hero.A.has triedB.have triedC.has been triedD.have been tried

8.——Whose car is it ?

——It’s________.A.Tom and MaryB.Tom’s and Mary’s

C.Tom’s and MaryD.Tom and Mary’s

9.There are 5____ in th fields.A.heads of cattlesB.heads of cattle

C.head of cattlesD.head of cattle

10.He is the very thief the police ________ looking for.A.isB.areC.hasD.have

11.All but Jack __________ here just now.A.isB.areC.wasD.were

12.He knows almost everything.So we sayhe is a man of many _________.A.knowlegesB.presentsC.giftsD.rewards

13.Carelessness is the usual __________ of fire.A.wayB.excuseC.causeD.reason

14.The girl is quite ________to her mother now.A.a helpB.helpsC.helpD.helpness

15._______is coming to give us a lecture.A.A manager and an expertB.A manager and expert

C.Manager and expertD.Manager and an expert

16.Most of the bridges over the river are made of __________.A.stoneB.the stoneC.a stoneD.the stones

17.If you hurt her _________ ,you should apologize.A.feelingsB.feelC.feelsD.feeling

18.I’ll go and call at __________ right after school.A.the doctorB.the SmithsC.SmithD.my uncle’s

19.The shop will be closedduring_________.A.repairsB.a repairC.repairD.repairing

20.The________we saw yesterday come out to the farm once in a while.A.mouseB.deerC.dogD.cow

21.My brother didn’t find army life to his __________.A.likeB.tasteC.qualityD.favour

22.Though they hadn’t met for long ,he recognized her ___________.A.voiceB.noiseC.soundD.laughter

23.Learning that they were to have a picnic,the children were in _______.A.the high spiritB.high spirits

C.a high spiritD.high spirit

24.After _______ silence ,they began to write letters to each other.A.three-yearB.a three-yearC.three yearsD.three yearss

25.If these trousers are too big ,buy a smaller__________.A.copyB.pairC.pieceD.set

26.That daughter of Jack’s is ______.A.a good funB.good runsC.good funD.good funny

27._______will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas.(93年上海高考题)

A.The Evenses’B.The Evens’C.The EvensesD.The Evens

28.He is one of the most successful_______ in the city.A.newspaper’s writerB.newspaper writers

C.nesapapers’writerD.newspaper writer

29.——Where is your brother?

——At_____.A.Mr Green’sB.GreensC.the Mr Green’sD.the Greens

30.——Are you _______ ,Mr Black?

——Yes ,I speak______.A.English;the English languageB.the English;English

C.an Englishman;on English languageD.an English;English

答案

1－5DBDDC6－10CDDDB

11－15DCCAB16－20AADAB

篇3：高中英语语法系列导学——名词

名词(noun)是用来表示人、事物、地点、现象及其它抽象概念等名称的词。学习或复习名词,需掌握以下几个要点:

一、名词的分类

二、名词的数

可数名词有单复数的区分,当数量大于一时就要用复数形式。可数名词由单数变复数有以下种情况:

1. 规则变化

2. 不规则变化

温馨提示

(1)绝对不可数名词。

可数名词和不可数名词往往是相对的,比如抽象名词和物质名词虽然无法用数字计算,属不可数名词,但表示种类或者具体化时却可能有复数形式出现,如“difficulties”表示“各种各样的困难,难办的事”;或者在前面加a/an,如a coffee表示“一杯咖啡”,“A knowledge of history is important for us.”中的“a knowledge of history”表示“对历史知识有一定的了解”。

以下名词可称作“绝对不可数名词”,前面不加a/an, 词尾没有-s,其谓语永远用单数:advice, news, information, homework, fun, progress, rubbish, garbage, money, furniture, luggage, bread, music, jewelry, clothing, equipment等。

(2)永远以复数形式呈现的名词。

thanks和congratulations作名词用时,几乎永远都是复数形式,可能这样才能表达出说话者的盛情。

三、名词的格

【灵活运用】

一、语篇识别从下列短文中选出尽可能多的个体名词、集体名词、物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词,并将其分别填入文后的表格中。

Who Really Discovered America?

Was Columbus really the first explorer to discover the Americas? The great Norwegian explorer Thor Heyerdahl didn't think so. He believed that ancient people were able to build boats that could cross oceans.

To test his ideas, Heyerdahl decided to build a copy of the reed boats pictured in ancient Egyptian paintings and sail across the Atlantic from North Africa to Barbados. Heyerdahl's team also copied ancient Middle Eastern pots and filled them with enough food for their journey—dried fish, honey, oil, some eggs and nuts, and a little fresh fruit. Ra, the expedition's boat, carried an international group including a Norwegian, an Egyptian, an Italian, a Mexican, and a Chadian.

On May 25, 1969, Ra left Safi in Morocco and headed across the widest part of the Atlantic. Ra fell apart just before it reached Barbados, but everyone survived and wanted to try again.

On May 17, 1970, Ra II, sailing under the flag of the United Nations, successfully crossed the Atlantic in 57 days. The expedition proved that ancient civilizations had enough skill to reach the Americas long before Columbus did.

二、语法填空 按照下面句子结构的语法性,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的适当形式填空。

1. Every means ________(try) to make him give up smoking. But I failed.

2. ________ fun it is to jump into water and swim on a hot summer day!

3. Give Mary my ________(congratulate) and tell her Ill come soon.

4. The cattle ________(be) going to be sold with the farm.

5. So many ________(country), so many customs.

6. These clothes ________(be) the latest fashion, so I think youll like them.

7. A crossroads of life ________(lie) in front of me and I dont know what to do.

8. The family ________(delight) with their presents.

9. He left without a word of ________(thank), which made all of us confused.

10. You wont find any good ________(tomato) in that basket, theyve been well picked over.

三、完成句子根据汉语意思完成英文句子,注意划线部分的正确表达。

1. 这栋大楼里有许多女警官上班。

There are a lot of _______________________ working in the building.

2. 汤姆去他的医生那里就其心脏病征求意见。

Tom went to his doctor _______________________ about his heart trouble.

3. 那边的那位女士是简和玛丽的母亲。

The lady over there is _______________________.

4. 有一则消息可能会使你感兴趣。

Theres _______________________ that might interest you.

5. 房间里面满是家具。

The room is ______________________.

6. 恐怕我们取得的进步不大。

Im afraid were not______________________.

7. 这条道路上最近发生了一系列的交通事故。

Theres been ______________________ on this road recently.

8. 我家距学校开车15分钟的路程。

Its ___________________________ by car from my home to my school.

9. 我昨天在书店选了许多儿童图书。

I picked up a lot of ________________________ at the book store yesterday.

10. 我们学校有130位老师,其中包括65位女老师。

There are _____________________________________

in our school.

参考答案

一、语篇识别

二、语法填空

1. was tried。means作方法解时,单复数同形,题中every 后的名词是单数,谓语动词用单数。

2. What。fun为不可数名词,所以感叹句用what,而不是what a或how引出。

3. congratulations。在形容词性物主代词后,一定是用名词形式。注意congratulations一是永远用复数形式,二是与on搭配。

4. are。cattle和police都是集体名词,谓语要用复数。

5. countries。在many后一定是可数名词的复数形式。以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的名词要变“y”为“i”,再加“-s”。

6. are。clothes是集体名词,不是一件一件的衣服。

7. lies。crossroads表示的是由四个不同方向的路交叉而成的路,虽然是复数形式,但是单数意义。也可以写作crossroad。

8. are delighted。集体名词family在此表示所有个体,因此是复数意义。

9.thanks。复数形式的thanks才能表现出浓浓的谢意。

10. tomatoes。由they可知,tomato要用复数形式。以“辅音字母 + o”结尾的名词变复数时要加“-es”。

三、完成句子

1. women police officers

2. for advice

3. Jane and Marys mother

4. an item/piece of news

5. full of furniture

6. making much progress

7. a series of traffic accidents

8. 15 minutes ride

9. childrens books

10. 130 teachers, including 65 women teachers

篇4：语法专项系列之二名 词

名 词

1. 名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。

2.可数名词：可以用数目来计算的名词叫可数名词。可数名词一般有单数和复数两种形式(少数名词两种形式是相同的)。

3. 不可数名词：一般无法用数目来计算的名词叫不可数名词。不可数名词一般没有复数形式,并且不能用不定冠词a(an)或数词one修饰。

4. 有些单词既是可数名词又是不可数名词，但是所含意义不同([u]代表不可数名词，[c]代表可数名词)

adventure [u] 冒险 experience [u] 经验

[c] 奇遇 [c] 经历

beauty [u] 美丽 expression [u] 表达

[c] 美人 [c] 表情，词语

coffee [u] 咖啡 practice [u] 实践，练习

[c] 一倍咖啡 [c]习惯、常规做法

difficulty [u] 困难 success [u] 成功

[c] 难事 [c] 成功的人或事

5. 单复数形式分别表示不同的意义

time 时间 wood 木头 sand 沙子 paper 纸

times 次数，时代，倍 woods 森林 sands 沙滩 papers 试卷，论文，报纸

iron 铁 cloth 布 glass 玻璃 water 水

irons 脚镣，手铐 clothes 衣服 glasses 玻璃杯眼镜 waters 大片的水，海域

work 工作 force 力量 good 益处 manner 态度

works 工厂，著作，工程 forces 军队 goods 货物 manners 礼貌

6. 名词直接作定语要注重习惯搭配。名词作定语分类如下:

(1)表示分类意义的名词作定语。woman driver女司机coffee cup咖啡杯

(2)表示时间，地点、称呼等的名词常直接作定语。

a book store书店 a college student大学生

(3)表示目的、手段、原料、来源、所属等意义的名词作定语。

a motor car摩托车 a straw hat草帽

(4)由man, woman,作定语的名词词组，变成复数时，前后两部分都要变为复数形式。

7.名词的所有格

(1)表示有生命的东西的名词，所有格一般在名词后加“’s”，其构成形式如下：

1)一般名词后加“’s”。例如：my brother’s bag

2)以-s或-es结尾的复数名词的所有格，只在名词右上方加“’”。例如：the workers’ club

3)如果一样东西为两个人共有，则只在后一个名词加“’s”;如果不是共有的，两个名词后都要加“’s”。例如：Jane and Mary’s room(共有) Jane’s and Tom’s books(不共有)

4)在表示“某人家”、“店铺”的名词所有格后面，一般省略它所修饰的名词。例如：

at the doctor’s在诊所 at Mr. Green’s在格林先生家

练习;

完成下列句子：

1. The railway station is ______ (两个小时的车程)from our school.

2. My sister has two __________(牙刷)

3. Mr Johnson used to be a _______ (化学老师)and now is working in a ___________.(化工厂) chemical teacher chemical works

4. She married __________(在她三十多岁时) in her thirties

5. __________ (多么糟糕的天气)we ‘ve been having these days. What terrible weather.

6. It is _______ (没有用处)trying to persuade to change his idea. Of no use

7. He dropped the ___ (咖啡杯)and broke it. Coffee cup

8. I have three ______ (五美圆的票子)in my wallet. Five-dollar notes

9. He won’t lose his way because he has _______________.(方向感很好)

10Yesterda called at ___________ (玛丽的姐姐家)

II.真题再现

1. The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a _____of 60 miles.( 04 全国IV)

A. length B. distance C. way D. space

2. I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s _____.(04天津)

A. reach B.hand C. hold D. place.

3The environmentalists and wild goats’ ____ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment. (04上海)

A. escape B. absence C. attendance D. appearance

4In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the____ in personality.

(04上海)

A. contact B. contrast C. connection D. conflict

5 Chinese arts have won the____ of a lot of people outside China. (04上海)

A. Enjoyment B. appreciation C. entertainment D. reputation

6 “I don’t think it’s my___ that the TV blew up. I just turned it on, that’s all,” said the boy. (03上海)

A. error B. mistake C. fault D. duty

7. ___I’m sorry I stepped outside for a smoke. I was very tired.

--There is no ___ for this while you are on duty. (03北京)

A. reason B. excuse C. cause D. explanation

8. The manager has got a good business ____ so the company is doing well. (03北京)

A. idea B. sense C. thought D. thinking

9. To regain their ___ after an exhausting game, the players lay in the grass. (02上海)

A. force B. energy C. power D. health

10. According to the recent research, heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily ___ and effect. (02上海)

A. reason B. impact C. fact D. cause.

11. As a result of destroying the forests, a large ___ of desert____ covered the land. (01上海)

A. number has B. quantity has C. number have D. quantity. have.

12. In the botanic garden we can find a(n)___ of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.

(01上海)

A. species B. group C. amount D. variety.

13. –Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree? (01上海)

--No, it’s out of ______.

A. range B. reach C. control D. distance.

14. The life of London is made up of many different _______.(01上海)

A. elements B. sections C. materials D. realities.

15. You’ll find this map of great ______ in helping you to get around London. (.NMET98)

A. price B. cost C. value D. usefulness.

16. I’ll look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little____. (NMET96)

A. wait B. time C. patience D.rest

17.. He gain his ____ by printing ____ of famous writers.(.NMET95)

A. wealth; work B. wealths; works C. wealths; work D. wealth; works.

18. Here is my card. Let’s keep in______.(NMET94)

A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship

.19 If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to leave a _____..(NMET97)

A. message B. letter C. sentence D. notice.

.20. Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within_____ of little children.(04.湖北)

A. hand B. reach C. space D. distance

21. My ______about this weekend activity is going out with some good friends. (05安徽)

A. idea B. opinion C. mind D. thought

22. He hasn’t slept at all for three days, ________ he is tired out. .(05湖北)

A. There is no point B. There is no need C. It is no wonder D. It is no way

23. He proved himself a true gentlemen and the beauty of his_______ was seen at his best when he worked with others. (05上海)

A. temper B. appearance C. talent D. character

24 Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his_________.(05天津)

A. ability B.force C. strength D. mind

25. I am sure Bill will be able to find the library-he has a good______ direction.(05浙江)

A.idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense

答案。I.1.A two hour’s drive; 2 tooth brushes; 3 chemical teacher chemical works

4 in her thirties 5 What terrible weather. 6 of no use 7 coffee cup 8 five-dollar notes

9. a good sense of direction 10 Mary’s sister’s

篇5：语法专项系列之二名 词

冠词

1. 种类: 定冠词和不定冠词及零冠词.

2. 冠词与可数名词搭配表示类别

有三种: 不定冠词+名词(强调任何一个) , 定冠词+名词(强调整个类属), 名词的复数形式.

3. 在发明物前用the , by + 手段, 方式 不加art. 但用介词on/ over/ through 则加art.

如: on the radio, over a phone, through a newspaper

4. 特定词组中不用冠词

①. turn/ go 后作补语的名词

turn writer/ go socialist = become a writer/ socialist

②. 在 引起的让步状语从句倒装结构中

Child as he is, ----

Hero as he was, ----

③. 在某些独立结构中.

He entered the room, book in hand.

但加上with 后用限定词.

He entered the room, with a book in hand.

④. 序数词作副词,或作名词表 “名次”时

First read fast.

He came first in the game.

⑤. 形容词最高级作表语只用来同本身做比较时, 并无一定范围.

Vegetables are best when they are fresh.

⑥. 表称呼或职位,军衔的名词做表语, 同位语和补语时,

Tom is monitor in our class.

We made Tom monitor in our class.

⑦. 常见词组:

at war/ peace/ table/ work/college/ sea

by force/ air/ sea/ train

in bed/ hospital/ peace/ ink/ public/ time of

take possession of

lose heart

5. 冠词词组

①. 位于such. What/ many/ half 后

Many a man is fit for the job.

②. as, so, to, how, however, enough,+ adj. + a/ an,

eg. as happy a day

③. quite / rather a day

但可以说: rather/quite a cold day

a rather/quite cold day

④. 在让步状语从句中, 有:

Brave a man though he is, he failed.

⑤. 倍数+ the + n.

twice the students

6. 有无冠词, 意义不同的词组:

in course of 正在进行中 in the course of 在---期间, 在过程中

out of question 没问题 out of the question 不可能

in charge of 负责,掌管 in the charge of 在---的主管下

in possession of 拥有 in the possession of 被---拥有

at table 在吃饭 at the table 坐在桌旁

in front of in the front of

by sea 坐船 by the sea 在海边

in case of 假使, 万一 in the case of 就---而言, 至于

by day 在白天 by the day 按日, 按天

on watch 值班,守望 on the watch 看守着, 提防着

to death 极度, 非常 to the death 致死, 到底