新编商务英语基础教程Unit

新编商务英语基础教程Unit（共6篇）

篇1：新编商务英语基础教程Unit

Unit 10 Employment

I Teaching Aim

1.Cognitive Information（认知信息）: Employment

2.Language Focus（内容重点）:

1）Word Study： A.executive, impression, recall, schedule, tastefully, appreciative, assessment, absorb, personality, preference； B.chief, ambitious, incredible, transform, digital, integrate, correspond, permission, complain

2）Phrases： A.according to, due to, show respect to, engage in； B.keep track of, be related to

3）Key words： A.establish； B.ensure

3.Grammar： 被动语态Ⅱ

4.Writing（写作技巧）： E-mail写作

5.Translation（翻译技巧）： 直译与意译

III Background Information

工作方面词汇

1. 个人品质

adaptable 适应性强的ambitious 有雄心壮志的capable 有能力的，有才能的careful 办事仔细的competent 能胜任的confident 有信心的conscientious 认真的，自觉的cooperative 有合作精神的creative 富创造力的dedicated 有奉献精神的dependable 可靠的disciplined 守纪律的earnest 认真的well-educated 受过良好教育的efficient 有效率的energetic 精力充沛的enthusiastic 充满热情的expressive 善于表达

hard-working 勤劳的industrious 勤奋的ingenious 有独创性的2.其他内容

objective 目标

career objective 职业目标

employment objective 工作目标

position wanted 希望职位

job objective 工作目标

position applied for 申请职位

position sought 谋求职位

position desired 希望职位

for more specialized work 为更专门的工作

for prospects of promotion 为晋升的前途

for higher responsibility 为更高层次的工作责任

for wider experience 为扩大工作经验

due to closedown of company 由于公司倒闭

due to expiry of employment 由于雇用期满

to offer a more challenging opportunity 提供更有挑战性的工作机会

to seek a better job 寻找更好的工作

to look for a more challenging opportunity 寻找一个更有挑战性的工作机会

IV language and Culture Focus（语言文化要点）

TextA

1.Word study

1）executive n.① a person or group in a business organization, trade union, etc.with administrative or managerial powers 行政领导；经理

e.g.a sales executive 营业主任

She’s an executive in a computer company.她是一家计算机公司的行政人员。

②（in the Civil Service）a person who carries out what has been planned or decided 行政人员e.g.executive officer 行政主任

2）impression n.① ~（on sb.）a deep, lasting effect on the mind or feelings of sb.印象；感想

e.g.His first speech as president made a strong impression on his audience.他当会长后的第一次演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。

② ［esp.sing.］ ~（of sth./doing sth./that...）an idea, feeling or opinion 想法，感觉，看法e.g.He gives the impression of being a hard worker/that he works hard.他给人的印象是工作很努力。

【相关搭配】

be under the impression that...to have the（usu.mistaken）idea that...有某种（通常指错误的）想法

e.g.I was under the impression that you were coming tomorrow.我以为你明天才来呢。

【相关词】

impressive a.给人以深刻印象的3）recall v.① ~ sb.（from...）（to...）to order sb.to return（from a place）召回

e.g.recall an ambassador（from his post）将大使（从驻在国）召回

② to order（sth.）to be returned 收回

e.g.recall library books 要求归还图书馆的书

③ to bring（sth./sb.）back into the mind； recollect 回忆起；记起

e.g.I can’t recall his name.我想不起他的名字了

4）schedule n.① a program of work to be done or of planned events 计划表

e.g.a factory production schedule 工厂生产进度表

Everything is going according to schedule.一切都在按预定计划进行。

② a timetable

e.g.The fog disrupted airline schedules.这场大雾扰乱了航空公司的时刻表。

③ a list of items, etc.清单，明细表

e.g.The attached schedule gives details of the shipment.装运货物的细目见所附清单。

5）tastefully ad.having or displaying good taste 趣味高雅地

e.g.She often dresses tastefully.她总是穿着很有品味。

【相关词】

taste n.① ~（for sth.）liking or preference 爱好

e.g.She has a taste for foreign travel.她有到国外旅行的爱好。

② [U] ability to perceive and enjoy what is beautiful or harmonious, or to behave in an appropriate and a pleasing way 鉴赏力，审美力

e.g.have excellent taste in clothes, art, music 对服装、艺术、音乐很有鉴赏力

6）appreciative a.~（of sth.）feeling or showing understanding or gratitude 有欣赏力的e.g.an appreciative letter 感谢信

I’m most appreciative of your generosity.我对你的慷慨感激之至。

【相关词】

appreciate v.① to understand and enjoy（sth.）； value highly 欣赏；赏识

e.g.You can’t fully appreciate foreign literature in translation.看翻译作品很难欣赏到外国文学的精髓。

Your help was greatly appreciated, i.e., we were grateful for it.非常感谢你的帮助。② to understand（sth.）with sympathy 体恤，体谅

e.g.I appreciate your problem, but I don’t think I can help you.我理解你的困难，但却爱莫能助。

③ to increase in value 增值，涨价

e.g.Local property has appreciated since they built the motorway nearby.自从附近修建了高速公路，本地的地产已经增值。

7）assessment n.① action of assessing 评定

e.g.Continuous assessment is made of all students’work.对全体学生的功课做出连贯性的评定。

② evaluation or opinion 评价；看法

e.g.What is your assessment of the situation? 你对这一情况有什么看法?

【相关词】

assess v.确定，评定

8）absorb v.① to take in； suck up 吸收

e.g.Aspirin is quickly absorbed by the body.阿司匹林很快被身体吸收了。

（fig 比喻）Clever children absorb knowledge easily.聪明孩子容易吸

收知识。

② to hold the attention or interest of（sb.）fully 吸引„„的注意力

e.g.His business absorbs him.他专心致志地处理业务。

9）personality n.① characteristics and qualities of a person seen as a whole 人格；个性

e.g.a likeable personality 讨人喜欢的个性

She has a very strong personality.她个性很强。

② a famous person, esp.in the world of entertainment or sport 名人

e.g.personalities from the film world 影界名流

a television personality 电视圈中的名人

10）preference n.① ~（for sth.）liking for sth.（more than sth.else）偏爱

e.g.It’s entirely a matter of preference.这完全是个见仁见智的问题。

② a thing that is liked better or best 偏爱的事物

e.g.What are your preferences? 你最喜欢什么?

【相关搭配】

in preference to 偏好

e.g.She chose to learn the violin in preference to the piano.她愿学小提琴而不学钢琴。

【相关词】

prefer v.更喜欢

preferable a.更可取的；更好的2.Phrase

1）according to

① as stated or reported by 据„„所说

e.g.According to John you were in Edinburgh last week.据约翰说，你上星期在爱丁堡。② in a manner that is consistent with 按照，依照

e.g.act according to one’s principles 按照自己的原则行事

Everything went according to plan.一切都是按照计划进行的。

③ in a manner or degree that is in proportion to 视„„而定

e.g.salary according to qualifications and experience 视资历和经验而定的薪水

2）due tobecause of 由于，因为

e.g.The team’s success was largely due to her efforts.该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。

3）show respect to to show admiration for； regard 对„„表示尊敬

e.g.We should show our respect to people who make great effort constantly.我们应该尊重那些不懈努力的人。

4）engage into take part in or be occupied in 参加，卷入

e.g.I have no time to engage in gossip.我无暇闲聊。

3.Key Words

establish v.① to found or bring into being on a firm or stable basis 建立；设立

e.g.This business was established in 1860.这家公司成立于1860年。

② ~ sb./oneself（in sth.）（as sth.）to place sb./oneself in a position, office, etc., usu on a permanent basis 安置，安顿

e.g.We are now comfortably established in our new house.我们现已在新居舒适地安顿下来了。③ to show（sth.）to be true； prove 确定；证实

e.g.We’ve established his innocence.我们已证实他无罪。

④ to cause people to accept（a belief, custom, claim, etc.）使被接受

e.g.Established practices are difficult to change.积习难改。

His second novel established his fame as a writer.他的第二部小说确立了他的作家之名。

【相关词】

establishment n.设立；建立

established a.V Teaching tips（教学提示）

Part 3 Knowledge and Skills.Translation 直译与意译

英汉的结构有相同的一面，汉译时可照译，即所谓“直译”——既忠实原文内容，又符合原文结构形式。但这两种语言之间还有很多差别，如完全照译，势必出现“英化汉语”，这时就需要“意译”，在忠实原文内容的前提下，摆脱原文结构束缚，使译文符合汉语规范。特别需要注意的是：“直译”不等于“死译”，“意译”也不等于“乱译”。

1）直译与死译

原文结构与汉语结构是一致，照译即可。但如果原文结构与汉语不一致，任然采取直译的方法，就成“死译”了。

e.g.In some automated plants electronic computers control the entire production line.在某些自动化工厂,电子计算机控制整个生产线.(直译)

The earth acts like a big magnet 地球的作用就像一块大磁铁.(直译)

Manganese has the same effect on the strength of steel as silicon 锰有同样影响,在强度

上像硅.(死译)

第2第3句译文既不忠实原意,又不符合汉语表达方式,因此,必须运用“词类转换”、“成分转换”、“词（语）序调整”等手段使译文通顺。两句应分别译为“地球作用像一块大磁铁”、“锰像硅一样，会影响钢的强度”。

2）意译与乱译

只有在正确理解原文基础上，运用相应翻译方法以调整原文结构，用规范汉语加以表达，这才真正做到“意译”。翻译时间证明，大量英语句子汉译都要采用“意译法”。

如果把“意译”理解为凭主观臆想来理解原文，不分析原文结构，只看词面意义，自己编造句子，势必造成“乱译”。

e.g.It’s easy to compress a gas，it is just a matter of reducing the space between the molecules，Like a liquid a gas has no shape，but unlike it will expand and fill any contain it is put in.气体是很容易压缩，这正是压缩分子之间距离根据。气体和液体一样没有形状，但又不同于液体，气体膨胀时会充满任何盛放它容器。（乱译）

例句中“乱译”是有主观臆想（不正确选择词义，任意转换成分）造成。在这里，将matter译成“根据”在物理学上是讲不通的，因为“压缩气体也就是减少分子之间距离”，两者是一回事。Matter 应作“事情”“问题”解。

将will expand任意转换为时间状语，不符合原文原意。Will expand and fill 应译为“会扩张并充满”。综上所述，原译文可改为“气体很容易压缩，那只不过是缩小分子之间距离而已。气体和液体一样没有形状，但又不同于液体，因为气体会扩张并充满任何盛放它的容器”。

篇2：新编商务英语基础教程Unit

DULL WORK Eric Hoffer

Objectives: To catch the central idea of each paragraph.To discuss that eventful life kills rather than stimulates a man’s instinct for creation./all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.Pre-class work:

Find out more about the figures mentioned in the text than those provided in the notes: Amos, Socrates, Omar, Jesus Christ, Albert Einstein, Niccolo Machiavelli, Immanuel Kant, John Keats, Sophocles, John Milton, Benvenuto Cellini.Pre-reading Questions: 1.Do you think you can achieve much if you live a plain, ordinary life? 2.Does monotonous, routine work dull one’s mind?

In-reading Comprehension Para.1 1.There seems to be general assumption that brilliant people cannot stand routine;that they need a varied, exciting life in order to do their best.to do their best: to achieve their potential creativeness;to best exercise their talent(comp.3-1)

It is generally believed that a colorless life can freeze a creative mind, and only a colorful life can inspire a man to creative work.2.Tell about this para.in your own words.There is an assumption that brilliant people cannot stand routine life, and they need a colorful life;while dull people are suited for dull work.The present-day young are more brilliant than the young of the past because they are better educated.Therefore they prefer a colorful life to a dull, routine one.3.What is the purpose of this para.?

This is an introductory para.to put forward an assumption(successful mendull, routine life)so as to raise a question: Is the assumption right or wrong? Para.2 1.What is the ‘opposite’ that H says is ‘nearer the truth’? What is the purpose of this para.?(comp.3-2)

As it goes in the 1st sentence, the successful men do not crave for(= long for)colorful life.The contrary is also true(反过来说): people who achieve much are often those content with the routine, uneventful life they live, or, the successful men are satisfied with the routine/uneventful/colorless life they are leading.This is the central idea of this para.and H supports it by citing examples of some well-reputed men who led a colorless routine life.2.Identify those great figures mentioned in this para.and say something about them.Amos the sheepherder: a minor prophet in the Old Testament 阿摩斯，旧约中１２个小先知中的第三名

Socrates the stonemason: Greek philosopher well known for his sophistry

Socrates of Athens, who flurished in the last half of the 5th century, was the 1st of the great trio of ancient Greekswho laid the philosophical foundations of Western culture.He was born in or about 470 BC.His father Sophroniscus was a sculptor, mother a midwife, 3 sons, one an infant.There were 2 counts in the accusation: ‘corruption of the young’ and ‘neglect of the gods whom the city worships and the practice of religious novelties.’ An escape was planned by his freind Crito, but S refused to hear of it, on the grounds that the verdict, though contrary to the fact, was that of a legitimate court and must therefore be obeyed.The story of his last day, with his drinking of the hemlock, has been perfectly told in the Phaedo of Plato.Though a good fighting man, his outward appearance was grotesque.Stout and not tall with prominent eyes, snub nose, broad nostrils, and wide mouth, he seemed a very Silenus.But as his freinds knew, he was ‘all glorious within,’ ‘the most upright man of that day.’(Plato)

Omar the tentmaker: Persian astronomer and poet

Jesus Christ: 上帝的独生子。大约罗马建城748年，在犹太的伯利恒，童贞女玛利亚由圣灵感孕生下耶酥，由约瑟抚养成人。出世不久，有几个博士从东方来到耶路撒冷，说是来拜生下来作犹太之王的人，因为他们在东方看到了他的星。犹太王希律听说后，心里十分不安，派人到处寻觅，找不着，便命把二周岁以内的男孩全部杀死。耶酥一家逃到埃及才得以幸免。耶酥回国来到拿撒勒作工匠，30多岁时施洗约翰在约旦河给他施洗，而后圣灵引他去接受魔鬼的试探，此后成为救世主。他召了12个门徒，和他们一起到犹太各地传教，要人们严守诫条。后来他的门徒加略人犹大为30块钱出卖了他，把他拘送到马总督彼拉多那里，他被钉死在十字架上。死后第三日复活，多次向门徒显现。复活后第一十日升天，第五十日差谴圣灵降临。众门徒领圣灵，开始传教。

Albert Einstein(1879-1955): German-American scientist and one of the greatest of all time, is best known as the special and general theories of relativity.From 1896-1900, he was a student at the Polytechnic Institute of Zurich, Switzerland.From 1902-1909, he was hired by the Swiss Patent Office at Berne as ‘Probationary technical expert, third class’.It was in 1905 that he published 4 papers of major importance in the journal Annalen der Physik, including his first memoirs on special relativity.Later it was revealed that, although it took him only 5 weeks to write his first paper on relativity despite working all day at the patent office, he had been mediating since he was 16 on the fundamental problem concerning the velocity of light that gave rise to this theory.Niccolo Machiavelli: Florentine statesman and political philosopher.His removal from political activity forced him to a retired life and to enter the career of a political writer.Immanuel Kant(1724-1804): German philosopher.His attempt to define precisely the domain of rational understanding is a landmark in Western thought.On the one hand, he opposed Hume’s skepticism, the idea that pure reason is of no real use in understanding the world, and on the other hand, he challenged Enlightenment faith in the unlimited scope of reason.The basic formulation of what is called his critical philosophy is contained in the Critique of Pure Reason(1781), the Critique of Practical Reason(1788), and the Critique of Judgment(1790).The quiet regularity of Kant’s everyday life in Konisberg, where he was a university professor(1770-1804), became proverbial.According to an anecdote of Heinrich Heine(1797-1856), German poet, satirist and journalist, the residents of the town set their watches by Kant’s daily walks.So, the purpose of this para.is to show that the lives of many truly great men are extremely ordinary.Or, people who achieve do not necessarily live eventful lives.Para.3 1.Tell what you know about John Keats and Sophocles.John Keats(1795-1821): probably the most talented of English romantic poets.Long poems as Isabella, Lamia, The Eve of St.Agnes, shorter poems as Ode on a Grecian Urn 希腊古瓮颂, Ode to Autumn, Ode to a Nightingale.Sophocles: 2nd of classical Athens’ 3 great writers of tragedycapacity for concentration, i.e.the curiosity of the immature to be interested;mature-inner resources to turn the dullness of work to good avail).This is why H put them into one category.2.Who are the really dull people, according to H? And why?(comp.3-8)

The adolescents.They lack the inner resources of the mature to turn the dullness of work to good avail, and the curiosity of the immature to be interested.3.What does this essay tell us?

Dull people cannot stand dull work so that they can hardly accomplish anything when at leisure or in solitary.They love eventful life life, but this kind of life exhausts them rather than stimulates.Only those who find dull life endurable can derive something from it(this is creativeness)and achieve something.So they may become successful.*** What is the purpose of H’s writing?(comp.1-D)

To convince that creativeness of a man’s mind is primary to what he can achieve.Post-reading discussion Step one: Organization and Development 1.The title of the essay ‘Dull Work’ only tells us what the author is going to focus on but not what he thinks of it.Can you find his thesis statement in the essay? If not, can you summarize in one sentence H’s view on dull work?(Org.& Devl.)

No.What a man achieves does not depend on the type of work he does, or the life experiences he has;rather, it depends on his ability to transmute what seems dull and routine into what is momentous.2.What is H’s main technique to demonstrate his thesis?

H cites numerous examples.3.How does he arrange the examples?

Well-reputed men are cited before his own experience.4.How does his argument go?

The possible harmful effect of an eventful life is illustrated only after he has made it clear that an eventful life is not a must for creative achievement.Step two: Comp.2 Step three: Discussion

Discuss that eventful life kills rather than stimulates a man’s instinct for creation./all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.(LW 8)

TEXT II

DOING CHORES August Heckscher

篇3：新编商务英语基础教程Unit

一、模因论概述

模因 (Meme) 这个词最早出现在1976年出版的《自私的基因》 (The Selfish Gene) 一书中, 该书作者是英国新达尔文主义倡导者、牛津大学著名动物学家理查德·道金斯 (Richard Dawkins) 。道金斯认为模因是与基因相似又与之不同的复制因子, 它是一个文化信息单位, 那些不断得到复制和传播的语言、文化习俗、观念或社会行为都属于模因。在现实生活中, 模因可以是一句话也可以是一首歌, 可以是一件服饰也可以是一种楼房户型, 即只要能够被复制、传播的因子都可以归为模因。模因甚至可以被描述成“思维病毒” (viruses of the mind) , 可以感染、寄生于其他人的大脑, 并被传播给其他人或者他的下一代2。

道金斯的学生苏珊·布莱克摩尔 (Susan Blackmore) 在其所著的《模因机器》 (The Meme Machine) 一书中更加充实、完善了道金斯的观点, 并强调“模仿”对模因传递的重要性, 她认为:“科学或艺术当中所发生的一切, 用模因论术语来讲的话, 都是选择性模仿……任何东西, 只要它以这种 (模仿) 方式从一个人身上传递到另一个人身上, 那它就是一个模因。”3道金斯的模因论事实上也指出了“模仿”是模因的核心概念, 模仿是模因复制的方式4。希腊哲学家亚里士多德 (1996) 认为人类是最具有模仿能力的动物5, 正是由于模仿, 人类才学会了语言, 并使语言和文化一代一代得以传承和发展。假若一种语言离开了人们的模仿和使用, 那它势必走向衰亡。据统计, 澳大利亚原有的语言多达二百五十种, 然而, 由于受到英语的强势影响, 土著民族不得不放弃自己的本族语被迫使用英语交际, 因此很多语种都在渐渐消失。

二、模因论在《新编英语教程》 (第三版) 中的体现

语言模因论揭示了话语流传和语言传播的规律, 认为语言作为一种模因之所以能够流传, 是与语言使用者的不断模仿、传播是分不开的6。但是, 模仿、复制不是一成不变地百分百“克隆”, 模因在复制和传播的过程中会进行选择、变异和创新。因此, 我们认为外语学习就是建立在“模仿”的基础上, 以“仿写”、“仿读”为学习起点不断类推和创新的习得过程。李观仪教授主创的《教程》 (第三版) 系列教材旨在培养学生的听、说、读、写等综合基本技能, 重视语言基本能力和实用交际能力培养的结合。新版的教材前两册都是十五单元, 每一单元包括“语言结构” (Language structure) 、“对话” (Dialogue) 、“角色扮演” (RolePlay) 、“阅读” (Reading) 和“指导性写作” (Guided Writing) 等模块, 第二册在“对话”部分后还增加了“听与说”练习, 更加突出了语言的实际运用能力。各个模块的编写原则符合《大纲》精神, 同时也体现出语言模因的“模仿”重要性。下面我们以“语言结构”和“对话”为例, 来分析“模因论”在教学中的应用。

1、语言结构 (Language structure)

“语言结构”主要围绕某一语法点, 让学生逐步熟悉相关的表达句式, 并在录音听力引导下完成基本对话, 我们称之为“元对话”。教师让每位学生和自己的搭档 (partner) 配合朗读、熟读“元对话”, 然后根据教材和教师补充的“提示” (Cues) 去模仿“元对话”的结构并创造出新的对话, 学生甚至可以不拘泥于原有对话的字句, 在保持基本结构和大意的前提下大胆创新, 直至在交际活动中熟练使用这一语言结构。如“元对话”是:

A:It is said that three parks will be expanded.

B:Good.We’ll have more space for enjoyment and rest.7

学生在反复朗读、复述“元对话”后, 就能主动模仿“元对话”的结构, 并用新的语言资料去替换、类推。

A:It is said that Qingdao Metro is under construction.

B:Great.In that case, we’ll have a sound traffic service then.

2、对话 (Dialogue)

第三版教材删除了原先的“对话2” (Dialogue II) , 只保留一个长对话。“对话”和后面的“阅读”材料的话题是一致的, 并且尽量使用本单元“语言结构”中的所学句型, 巩固学生相关的语言表达方式。教师会在“对话”结束后, 引导学生绘出“对话”的提纲 (Outline) , 并要求学生在此基础上复述 (Retell) 对话的内容。所谓复述, 不是一成不变地照搬背诵, 而是有选择性地“模仿”, 即在保证原有对话内容大意不变的前提下去概括描述。“模仿”过程中学生可以适当地有所删减、增加、变换原文句型, 但始终要保持“复制忠实性” (copying-fidelity) 。学生通过这一“模仿”练习, 既能复习所学的语言结构知识, 又能锻炼口语表达的连贯性, 不失为课堂教学的有效辅助手段。

除了“语言结构”和“对话”外, “阅读”、“指导性写作”等模块也都反映了模因论在英语教学中的重要性, 特别是模因论启发下的英语写作背诵与模仿训练已被实践证明是有效的写作训练方式8。

结语

语言模因的复制方式让我们认识到人类所具有的“模仿”能力, 不仅在母语的传承过程中起到关键作用, 就连二语习得也离不开它。因此, 以模因论为指导促进外语教学势必为我国的外语教学改革提供一个崭新的视角。但是由于模因论在国内外语教学中的应用研究起步较晚, 缺乏大量的理论支撑和实证分析, 还有很多问题值得我们继续探讨。

参考文献

[1]、高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲.北京:外语教学与研究出版社.2000.

[2]、谢超群.礼貌与模因:语用哲学与思考[M].福州:福建人民出版社.2011:159.

[3]、Blackmore, S.The Meme Machine[M].Oxford:Oxford UniversityPress.1999:7.

[4]、Dawkins, R.The Selfish Gene:30th Anniversary Edition[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press.2006:194.

[5]、亚里士多德.《诗学》 (陈中梅译注) [M].北京:商务印书馆.1996:47.

[6]、陈琳霞.模因论与大学英语写作教学.外语学刊[J].2008 (1) :88.

[7]、梅德明.新编英语教程 (第三版) [M].上海:上海外语教育出版社.2012:4.

篇4：新编商务英语基础教程Unit

关键词：英语教学 影视资料 语法研究

中图分类号：H319 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1673-9795（2013）05（a）-0110-01

1 英语影视视频数据库简介

笔者构建的英语影视视频数据库包括：2.5TB英语影视视频，包含近10000集电视剧，700多部电影。影视视频更新到2012年12月，实时追踪IMDB（The Internet Movie Database）内容，动态更新最新视频。对应英语影视视频数据库，建立了英语字幕语料库，达到1.1亿词，11627个文本文件。

2 英语影视语料在语法研究中的应用

语言规则和语言的实际运用存在一定的差异性，这是人所共知的事实。《新编英语语法教程》（第四版）相较于一些传统的语法教材，更多地采用了描写性的编排，引介了一些较新的表达规则。在使用的过程中，笔者也意识到一些问題。比如，有些表述还不够全面，有些内容尚不够准确。本文利用英语视频语料相应的字幕，力求准确全面地阐释一些涉及英语语言规则和实际运用的表达方式。

《新编英语语法教程》第30页，“……个别表示游戏名称的名词作复数用。例如： Cards are not allowed here.”[1]而视频语料显示的情况与其有冲突：

That’s right.Cards is all about knowing the numbers.（The Wire S04E07《火线》）

《薄冰实用英语语法详解》（修订版）只是把cards归于“某些名词以-s结尾，却当单数名词对待”[2]一类。

英语计数时有一特别之处值得关注，所有基数词后都用名词的单数形式。例如：

One potato，two potato，three potato， four.Five potato，six potato，seven potato， more.（The Business《黑帮生意》2005）

One Mississippi，two Mississippi，three Mississippi，game over！（Friday Night Lights S03E04《胜利之光》）

第140页，“但若人称疑问代词紧跟于介词之后，则只能用宾格。例如：From whom did you receive a letter？”[1]《张道真实用英语语法（全新版）》（修订本）[3]和《薄冰实用英语语法详解》（修订版）都是与此相同的表述。不过，视频语料显示，介词后用主格who 的情况很多，有很高的可接受度。

Don’t look.Don’t look.-At who？ （Dance Flick 2009 《跳舞大电影》）

I，I use them to pray.- For who？ （Into Temptation《引诱》，2009）

当然，接受度高和正宗规范并非同一概念。这就是为什么，在不少场合，这种表达被非议的原因：

Hey，I was called down here.By who？ By whom.By Dr.Weaver.（ER S02E02《急诊室》）

To who？To whom. But that’s cool. Everybody makes that mistake.（Dead Like Me S02E04《死神有约》）

副词修饰动词是常识。不过，现在流行一类表达却明显有违该常识。

I was young I couldn’t do good. Now I can’t do bad.（Next Day Air《次日到达》，2009）

Mr Samuels！You did good.（Up In The Air《在云端》，2009）

Good是形容词，修饰动词，显然是有些问题。尽管此类表达接受度挺高，在有些场合还是被诟病的：

So，how you doing over there， Theo Huxtable？/-I’m doing good./- Unh-unh.Superman does good.You’re doing well.You need to study your grammar， son.（30 Rock S01E02《我为喜剧狂》）

And it’s“drive well，”honey，not“drive good.”/-Wait.Don’t drive good？/- Proper English is“drive well.”I want you to drive well.（Post Grad《毕业生生存指南》，2009）

第470页，“为了加强否定的含义……也可以重复否定词never…等结构来实现强调否定。”[1]此处忽视了一类仅有一字之差的表达手段，就其使用频率看，理应提及：

Because they’re never ever what they appear to be.（Bigger Stronger Faster 《更大，更强，更快》，2008）

3 结语

英语影视语料给我们提供的平台，真实地展现了当今英语的使用及其发展变化，对于我国的英语语言研究及学习带来明显的帮助。同时，所有语料都以字幕的形式嵌入原声视频，经过剪辑加工，做成视频片断，可以很好地用于多媒体教学。

参考文献

[1] 章振邦.新编英语语法教程[M].4版.上海：上海外语教育出版社，2003.

[2] 薄冰.薄冰实用英语语法详解（修订版）[M].山西：山西教育出版社，2008.

篇5：新编商务英语基础教程Unit

1.由于缺少资金，整个计划失败了。

The whole plan fell through for want of fund.2.牛顿被公认为是世界上最杰出的科学家之一。

Newton is acknowledged as one of the world’s most eminent scientists.3.他对生产成本的估算总是精确无误。

He calculates the cost of production with invariable accuracy.4.公司发言人的不负责任讲话受到了严厉指责。

The spokesman of the corporation was berated for his irresponsible words.5.这名商业银行的年轻职员看出那张十英镑的假币。

The young clerk from the commercial bank spotted the counterfeit ten-pound note.6.这个精干的经理立刻行动了起来。

The efficient manager acted promptly.7.请把候补名单上她的名字换成你的名字。

Please substitute your name for hers on the waiting list.8.她觉得她在当地综合医院任实习医师是一段宝贵的经历。

She found that her internship in the local general hospital was a rewarding experience.9.不要感叹过去的不幸，振作起来向前看。

Don’t lament your past misfortunes.Keep your chin up[1] and look to the future.Unit2

1.富兰克林在他的《自传》里力劝读者要勤俭。

Franklin exhorted readers to be diligent and thrifty in his Autobiography.2.谁能证实这签名无讹？

Who can attest to the genuineness of the signature?

3.人们给他起了“小家伙”的绰号，因为就他年龄而言，他看上去长得很小。He is dubbed “Tiny” because he looks so small for his age.4.他试图为自己拒绝接受这一劝告辩解。

He tried to rationalize his refusal to take the advice.5.他的一番话引起了我们的不满。

His words incurred our displeasure.6.要我们在这么短时间内完成这一工作几乎是不可能的。

It is virtually impossible for us to finish the work within such a short time.7.他反复思考这个手术可能产生的后果。

He ruminated over the likely consequences of the operation.8.这个地区的报业很兴旺。

The newspaper business in the region is flourishing.9.掌握英语需要孜孜不倦的努力。

It takes assiduous efforts to acquire a good command of English.Unit3

1.没有确凿的证据表明他是有罪的。

There is no tangible evidence of his guilt.2.我断定被告是无辜的。

I affirmed that the accused was innocent.3.那里的防御工事似乎难以攻破。

The defenses there seemed impregnable.4.毁坏随着战争而来。

War is accompanied by destruction.5.他蛰居在自己的农舍里。

He remained secluded in his farmhouse.6.这种迷信曾经在那个地区十分普遍。

The superstition used to be prevalent in that region.7.有些人珍视友谊胜过一切。

Some people cherish friendship more than anything else.8.他们为这次旅行已经准备了足够的食物。

They have got adequate food for the journey.9.他说的和他做的不相一致。

What he says is not consistent with what he does.Unit4

1.这些大学一年级学生都充满青春活力。

The freshmen are all youthfully exuberant.2.他的态度平静，脸上的表情不可解读。

His attitude was bland and his expression was unreadable / unfathomable.3.我中学的女校长是一位性格温和的年轻女子。

The headmistress of my middle school was a genial young lady.4.这位哲学家在思索，这是不是历史的必由之路？

The philosopher is pondering whether this is the inevitable course of events in history.5.这部电影是由海明威的一部小说改编而成的。

The film was adapted from a novel written by Hemingway.6.作为法官，你应该一直保持不偏不倚的态度。

As a judge, you should remain impartial all along.7.他所作有关创新的建议值得我们郑重考虑。

His suggestion for innovation merits our serious consideration.8.他在公司里一直处于一个很低的从属地位。

He remains in a very subordinate position in the company.9.他没有向他朋友求助，而是立即采取行动。

He acted promptly without turning to his friends for help.Unit5

1.许多年轻人喜欢这位散文家的华丽文体。

A lot of young people appreciate the essayist’s florid style.2.这教授是一位热诚的环境保护主义者。

The professor is a fervent environmentalist.3.他们在去还是留的问题上犹豫不决。

They wavered between going and staying.4.我不会让那些烦恼事妨碍我的工作。

I won’t let my troubles interfere with my work.5.我喜欢看孩子们游戏。

I take delight in watching children play.6.这产业处理掉可以获得相当大的一笔金额。

The property can be disposed of for a good sum of money.7.在促销期间，购物中心挤满了人群。

The mall was thronged with people during the sales promotion.8.他们终于在远处看到了灯光。

They perceived a light in the distance in the end.9.你应该仔细想想这一行动可能会产生的后果。

You should reflect on the likely consequences of this action.Unit6

1.假设这是真的，我们该怎么办呢？

What should we do on the assumption that it is true?

2.你应该申请一份你适宜做的工作。

You should apply for a post you are suited for.3.他厌倦了城市的忙碌生活，渴望乡村的宁静。

Feeling tired of the busy urban life, he craves for peace and quiet in the countryside.4.他沉溺于莎士比亚的十四行诗。

He was immersed in Shakespearian sonnets.5.这件事太微不足道了，不用心烦意乱。

This matter is too trivial to feel upset about.6.毕业典礼对我们所有的人来说是一件重大的事。

The commencement was a momentous occasion for all of us.7.很大的授课量把他们搞得筋疲力尽。

A very heavy teaching load exhausts them.8.他在学术研究方面变现相当平庸。

He gave a mediocre performance in academic studies.9.他从绘画中得到很大的乐趣。

He derives great satisfaction from painting.Unit7

1.从你的话中我猜想你准备辞职。

I assume from your remarks that you are going to quit your job.2.我们应该努力区分真实与虚假。

We should try to distinguish between truth and falsehood.3.他总是小心翼翼地不得罪人。

He is always wary of giving offense.4.作为一名法官，你不应该做出武断的决定。

As a judge, you should not make arbitrary decisions.5.他是一个具有国际声望的艺术家。

He is an artist of international prestige.6.他认为自己的成功有好几个因素。

He attributed his success to several factors.7.这些断壁残垣是诺曼人征服英国时期留下的遗迹。

The fragments of walls are vestiges of the Norman Conquest.8.他抽烟、喝酒甚多，损害了健康。

He smoked and drank a lot, to the detriment of health.9.你最好缩短你那冗长的演讲词。

篇6：新编商务英语基础教程Unit

Innovative

communication

system;Globalization of the economy;Changes in immigration patterns 2.Three major socio-cultural elements influence communication are: cultural

values;

worldview(religion);

social organization(family and state).3.Nonverbal behavior: gestures, postures, facial expressions, eye contact and gaze, touch(Chinese people are reluctant to express their disproval openly for fear of making others lose face.)4.Six stumbling blocks in Intercultural communication

(1)Assumption of similarities

(2)Language differences

(3)Nonverbal misinterpretations

(4)Preconception and stereotypes先入之见 刻板印象

(5)Tendency to evaluate

(6)High anxiety Unit 2 Culture and Communication 1.Characteristics of Culture: Culture is learned;Culture is a set of shared interpretations;Culture involves Beliefs, Values, and Norms(规范，准则);Culture Affects Behaviors;Culture involves Large Groups of people 2.Cultural identity文化身份 refers to one’s sense of belonging to a particular culture or ethnic group.People consciously identify themselves with a group that has a shared system of symbols and meanings as well as norms for conduct.3.Characteristics of Cultural Identity：Cultural identity is central to a person’s sense of self.Cultural identity is dynamic（动态的）.Cultural identity is also multifaceted（多方面的）components of one’s self-concept.4.Intercultural communication defined: Intercultural communication refers to communication between people whose cultural perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event.5.Elements of communication: Context;Participants;Message;Channels;Noise;Feedback

Unit 3 Cultural Diversity 1.Define worldview and religion

Worldview: deals with a culture’s most fundamental beliefs about the place in the cosmos（宇宙）, beliefs about God, and beliefs about the nature of humanity and nature.Religion: refers to belief in and reverence for a supernatural power or powers regarded as creator and a governor of the universe.Three major religions :

a.Christian Religions Groups（基督教的）

b.Islam（伊斯兰教）c.Buddhism（佛教）

2.Human nature:(1)is evil but perfectible

(2)is a mixture of good and evil

(3)good but corruptible(易腐化的)

3.Relationship of Man to Nature:(1)subjugation to nature

(2)harmony with nature

(3)

mastery with nature