英文口译实习报告（精选6篇）
篇1：英文口译实习报告
中餐菜单的翻译涉及到菜品的原料、烹饪方法，中餐的菜名还涉及到人名、地名和一些特有品名的独有叫法，经多方讨论，对中文菜单的英译制定如下的翻译原则：
一、以主料为主，配料或配汁为辅的翻译原则
1. 菜肴的主料和配料
主料(名称/形状)+ with + 配料
如：松仁香菇Chinese Mushrooms with Pine Nuts
2. 菜肴的主料和配汁
主料+ with / in + 汤汁(Sauce)
如：冰梅凉瓜Bitter Melon in Plum Sauce
二、以烹制方法为主，原料为辅的翻译原则
1. 菜肴的做法和主料
做法(动词过去分词)+ 主料(名称/形状)
如：拌双耳Tossed Black and White Fungus
2. 菜肴的做法、主料和配料
做法(动词过去分词) + 主料(名称/形状)+ 配料
如：豌豆辣牛肉Sautéed Spicy Beef and Green Peas
3. 菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁
做法(动词过去分词) + 主料(名称/形状)+ with / in + 汤汁
如：川北凉粉Tossed Clear Noodles with Chili Sauce
三、以形状、口感为主，原料为辅的翻译原则
1. 菜肴形状或口感以及主配料
形状/口感+ 主料
如：玉兔馒头Rabbit-Shaped Mantou
脆皮鸡Crispy Chicken
2. 菜肴的做法、形状或口感、做法以及主配料
做法(动词过去分词)+ 形状/口感+ 主料+ 配料
如：小炒黑山羊Sautéed Sliced Lamb with Pepper and Parsley
四、以人名、地名为主，原料为辅的翻译原则
1. 菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料
人名(地名)+ 主料
如：麻婆豆腐Mapo Tofu (Sautéed Tofu in Hot and Spicy Sauce)
广东点心Cantonese Dim Sum
2. 介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、主配料及做法
做法(动词过去式)+ 主辅料+ 人名/地名+ Style
如：四川辣子鸡Spicy Chicken, Sichuan Style
北京炸酱面Noodles with Soy Bean Paste, Beijing Style
五、体现中国餐饮文化，使用汉语拼音命名或音译的翻译原则
1. 具有中国特色且被外国人接受的传统食品，本着推广汉语及中国餐饮文化的原则，使用汉语拼音，
备考资料
如：饺子Jiaozi
篇2：英文口译实习报告
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本题目是全英文原创论文，需要完整可以联系QQ：799 7579 38(全英文论文)论身势语的跨文化交际应用
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(全英文论文)论旅游英语翻译中的中英文化对接
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(全英文论文)外交翻译中的语言的准确性探讨
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（全英文论文）英汉动物谚语文化内涵对比研究
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(全英文论文)苔丝悲剧的成因研究
篇3：商务谈判的口译技巧(英文)
With the rapid development of our national economy and deepening of the reform and opening up policy to the outside, communication with foreign countries and multinational companies becomes frequent, which makes cross-cultural business negotiation more and more popular.“Win-win”is the ideal aim of everyone.The language arts play the most important role in the life.In order to reach an agreement which will benefit two parties or even more sides, the negotiator should be good at language skills.Language is a great source of power, whether every negotiation is large or small, important or trivial;it is your spoken words-language arts that will ultimately be the factor that determines whether or not you accomplish your negotiation with success.There are some skills in language arts that should be paid attention.People would like to discuss some important aspects of using language in business negotiation.The arguments are as follows:using language arts on business negotiation makes the negotiation successful.This article will mainly focus on three parts regarding language arts on business negotiation, that is, the use of humor words, euphemism and proverbs.Humor words will help the negotiator create a peaceful climate and break“dead lock”;Euphemism is the key point to establish good relationship with the business partner.And Proverb, which not only shows the generosity of negotiator, but also attracts others’attention.Proverb works in every business negotiation, and negotiation always benefits those who is accomplished in using language arts.
2 Role of Language in Negotiations
The role of language is very important in business negotia tions.Clear-organized narrative, clear-cut proposition, sufficien argument language expression can help to gain the convince so a to reach the consensus of both parties.
2.1 Completion and accuracy
The first thing of both sides of negotiation is to speak clearly accurately and objectively.Negotiators must be accord with the truth when talking about the enterprise’s products, financial statu and so on.Negotiators do not exaggerate so that the other party may feel the sincerity.Negotiators have to present the intention and pur pose briefly and to the point, and have a definite object at the same time.Generally, business negotiations always last for a long time Negotiators just discuss about three to five projects and issues a the meeting because the human brain memory is limited.They need a few meetings to discuss about all the issues and projects People can only remember some key discussion content in a limit ed period of negotiation time.Negotiator is required to have excel lent logical expressive ability and careful thinking.In the proces of communication with the other party, negotiators have to be objec tive.If the negotiators do not speak around the main issue, and use a windbag, vague language to express his attention and purpose in the process of business negotiation, the other side would feel lost and confused.And the negotiator will leave an impression of speaking big words to them.The insincerity performance will cause an obstacle to the negotiation.
2.2 Persuasions to the other party
People often say that business negotiation is actually hardship war.But even the most powerful opponent will have his own weakness.In fact business negotiation is a process of persuading each other to reach an agreement.It is a kind of very effective means to get a favorable result in the process of negotiation.The opponent persuades and convinces the other party through art language expression.To get a satisfied result is the wish of both sides and wants to achieve in the process of negotiations, and it is also very hard to reach such kind of results in the negotiation at the same time.If the negotiators want to persuade the rivals in business negotiations have to listen to the other parties’requirements and ideas in the first place.It is necessary to find the point which both sides can accept.The negotiator has to describe the opinion and put forward questions and explain each other’s doubts.The negotiators have to find the reasonable arguments to communicate with the other party when the two sides have different points of view.Only through these various kinds of use of language that could change the other party’s original opinion and the other party could accept views and opinions whole-heartedly.In the process of negotiations, both sides always conflict with each other for their own respective interests and sakes.But it is an ever-changing situation in the process of negotiations.So it requires people to analyze the function of using the art of language according to different kind of particular case.Only by using different kind of language skills correctly, can the two parties reach agreement in the process of negotiations.Sometimes one also has to consider other party’s interest so as to get a win-win situation in the end.
2.3 Great atmospheres under control
Almost all business negotiations are carried out in a certain kind of atmosphere so the negotiation atmosphere will affect the negotiator's emotions and behavior.A good negotiator should be able to control the atmosphere of negotiations.Reasonable and proper use of language skills could help to ease the atmosphere of negotiations.It is a very important means to ease the tension between the two sides.It is a very important means to use language skills reasonable and proper to adjust and ease the atmosphere of negotiations.At the beginning of commercial negotiations, negotiators should use language skills actively to create harmonious and heated atmosphere in the process of negotiations.A good negotiator will find some interesting things to talk about to eliminate the other party’s tension, and also win each other's favor at the beginning of the negotiation at the same time.It is helpful for the negotiator to relieve the atmosphere of negotiations timely in the process of negotiation.The negotiator could tell some jokes to eliminate the tension so as to get closer to the other party.The negotiator needs to use some appropriate language to dissolve the problem when negotiations cross into a crisis.The negotiator has to ease the tension in negotiations for both sides to go back to the negotiations.
3 The Principles of Applying the Language Skills in Negotiations
Any kind of successful negotiations are the result of using splendid language in the process of negotiations.The art of using language could help both sides to reach an agreement which benefit them all.The negotiator can take advantage of language to win the initiative in the process of negotiation if grasps the principle of using language skills in negotiations.
3.1 Targeted languages in negotiations
The negotiators need to express their wishes and requirements accurately.The language of negotiations should be targeted.When faced with different kind of negotiation content, occasion and negotiation opponent, and negotiator has to use the specific language to improve the chance of success in negotiations.Negotiator should fully consider his opponents’character, emotion, habits, culture and their special interests in negotiate process.Negotiator is required to make use of the targeted language properly and have a definite object.Negotiator has to avoid using ambiguity, blurring and repeating language in their expressions, which may probably cause offence and misunderstanding.And even worse, it will degrade the speaker’s status and lose dignity at the same time.
3.2 Mild and indirect expression in negotiations
Euphemism is defined as:"Euphemism is a good or favorable interpretation of a bad word".Stokes and Hartman compiled the"Language and Linguistics Dictionary"to the Euphemism is defined as:"Euphemism:with a not-ming, and be able to make people happy, or ambiguous statement, instead of with the unpleasant meaning or lack of respect for the way of expression."Euphemism literally means"use of pleasant, mild or indirect words or phrases in place of more accurate or direct ones.The Random House College Dictionary (1979) the euphemism is defined as:the substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh or blunt, American scholar Hugh Rawson said:Euphemism so deeply infiltrated our language, as well as no one among us—even those self-proclaimed straight people—can not use euphemisms the case had finished a day.It is hard for a person to accept the stiff way of expression of their opinions and feeling.So negotiators should try to use tactful language with the acceptable manner to put forward their views so as to be accepted easily by the other party in negotiations.In addition, negotiators have to try to put their own opinions with tactful way to transfer into the other side’s opinions in the process of negotiation.This can increase the persuasive power of party by oneself.At the same time, the other party will feel the sense of being respected;hence it is more likely to reach an agreement.British writer George Blunt was during the century from sixteenth to eighteenth.
3.3 Flexible expression in negotiations
Sometimes negotiations are always changeable and unpredictable.Negotiators have to make calmly and scientific decision to handle some unexpected circumstances in the process of negotiations by using flexible expressions.It is very important to grasp the flexibility of language and improve the negotiation strain capacity in negotiations.This kind of flexible language strains capacity general associated with the emergency means of dealing with the situation.It can help negotiators out of the difficult situation and turn the crisis into opportunities in the process of negotiations cleverly.For instance, when the opponent forces to make a choice right away, if responses:"let us think again"or“it is difficult to settle down temporary“such kind of sentence and so on.Then the one side will give the other side an image of lacking own dependent ideas to our performance.And people also could choose another way to deal with this situation.At this time, the other party negotiators can look at the clock and then politely tell the other side of party:"I'm terribly sorry, it is ten o'clock right now, but I agreed with a friend on the phone, please give me five minutes to talk with him."We have won five minutes of thinking through this method.So it is very important to grasp the flexibility of language in the negotiations.
4 The Using of Language Skills in Negotiations
4.1 Ask and answer skills in negotiation
First of all, the questions which required paying attention to the following points:first, the questioner has to be prepared for the problems beforehand.The questioner has to summarize and put forward for the problems with the most refined language.The questioner should take account of the other party’s reaction.Second, the negotiator has to select the appropriate way to ask questions.The negotiator has to choose the suitable manners according to the atmosphere of negotiations.People who are good at negotiation can lead the other side to change their ideas so as to control the direction of negotiations.Third, master the appropriate time to ask question could help negotiations to go on smoothly.Fourth, grasp of the attitude of putting forward the questions.Negotiator has to ask questions with a gentle and polite attitude, and that will make the other side, feel the sincerity of the speaker.Negotiator has to wait for the other side to answer.Always avoid arguments with the other party.Sometimes answering questions is more important than asking question.Therefore, the"answer"should be particular with the skills in the process of negotiations.It mainly has the following points:first, master the speed of answering questions.Negotiators have to leave some time for the other party.Negotiators determine their own mode and range to answer questions only after understanding the real intention of each other.To answer the other side’s doubts after careful consider and forecast the other party's attitude and reaction after knowing our own answers.Second, to answer the question to be reserved and do not answer it completely.Third, if you did not have a very clear map in your mind not to answer the question right away.Negotiators can not answer the other side’s problems in a rush without understand the other side’s problem completely.It is very easy to fall into the trap of other party if the answer the other side’s problems in a rush.The party answer the other side’s problems with rush may say things that should not speak about to cause needless loss.The fourth, don’t give the exact answer to other side’s problem.People often encounter with some problems which are not convenient to give a definite reply at once.At last, be careful not to answer the question if no one mentions it.It is unwise to leave the opportunity for the other side to go on asking for the answers.Don't abuse the words of"no comment"and so on.
4.2 The using of other language skills
In the process of different negotiations, it needs great attention to the using of other skills of language to take the advantage and function of language in the process of negotiations better.
4.2.1 Feasibility and accelerating
Our side could put forward to our claim or offer in the formal negotiations if we are well-prepared for talks.Smart use of proposal can play a valuable role in the process.Generally speaking, proposals and suggestions should use the declarative and interrogative sentences to express.They do not allow using self-centered sentence and have to notice that the tone of sentence should take other party’s interest into consideration.There are two ways to make a suggestion.They are exploratory proposal and conditional offer.Exploratory proposal can induce the other party's reaction.It can determine the purpose of the other’s attitude through further expressions.But conditional offer is easy to win the initiative in negotiations.It should keep in mind that the first proposal not has the using of conditional offer better.The wise way is to use exploratory proposal at first to understand the other party’s real attention.Then put forward to the conditions or proposal which is benefit to the side to accelerate the essence of negotiations.A feasibility study is an evaluation and analysis of the potential of the proposed project which is based on extensive investigation and research to give full comfort to the decisions makers.Feasibility studies aim to objectively and rationally uncover the strengths and weaknesses of an existing business or proposed venture, opportunities and threats as presented by the environment, the resources required to carry through, and ultimately the prospects for success.In its simplest terms, the two criteria to judge feasibility are cost required and value to be attained.As such, a well-designed feasibility study should provide a historical background of the business or project, description of the product or service, accounting statements, details of the operations and management, marketing research and policies, financial data, legal requirements and tax obligations.Generally, feasibility studies precede technical development and project implementation.
4.2.2 The Fuzziness of language
Fuzziness as well as accuracy is the objective attributes of human natural language and natural phenomena.The British philosopher Russell said that every word more or less had a vague semantics.And American philosopher Black has a similar assertion:"fuzziness clearly refers to the fuzzy symbol represented by this series of objective nature.”And vagueness of the language is borrowed from mathematics, which refers to language unit does not have a well defined border.For example, it is difficult to define boundary between"stone"and"rock"in English.The situation of gradual change from A to B has been referred to as"gradient slope"or"grandniece”.The so-called fuzzy language does not mean the language is vague and ambiguous, which causes misleading language.On the contrary, it takes advantage of the vagueness of semantics to accurately reflect the vague concept of life. (丁建忠, 2003)
There is no absolute invariable thing in the world.So it is very important to learn to use fuzzy language.Negotiators proceed or step back freely and handle a butcher's cleaver skill fully by using the fuzzy language in the process of negotiations.The use of fuzzy language can also avoid premature exposure our side’s will and strength.Sometimes the negotiators could not make an accurate judgment immediately for some complicated or unexpected situation.The negotiators can also use fuzzy language to give more elastic answer at this time so as to win more time to make the counter measures for the next step.Using fuzzy language is considerable flexibility.The style of fuzzy language will not make the other side unhappy;instead, it can occupy the initiative in some sudden cases.
4.2.3 Humorous language
Humor, as a part of our life, is a complex dynamic system.In a boarder sense, humor is reflected in all aspects of our social life.In a narrower sense, humor often reveals the general weaknesses of the ordinary person but, with humor, what would offend or cause pity in real life can be ridiculous without harm, since the audience laugh not at a real person but a character who typifies ugliness or baseness.Moreover, humor has its soothing power.It instantly takes us away even if for moments from our troubles and makes them easier to bear and it gives us power and a new perspective.This way we gain a chance to relax our nerves, to readjust our attitudes towards our life and even to ourselves.The close relation between language and logic forms the root of the interaction between humor and logic.The question of the relationship between language and thought has haunted the philosophers ever since the time of ancient Greece and has been a challenge to linguists, psychologists and anthropologists alike.The view that language is the material appearance of thought and thoughts are expressed in a mental language dates back to the time of Plato.It is commonly acknowledged that a speaker's real intention can be known through his own language.There must be some logical principles to guide the expression in each discourse.Logical inconsistency is a key element of humor leading to a laugh. (张国良, 2009)
In the process of negotiations, it is hard to avoid the controversy and deadlock situation.In the heated time, humorous language can often make the strange atmosphere relief down in a moment.Therefore, humorous language could make people relaxed, trailing in low pressure in tension full of fatigue working environment.In the negotiation, if negotiators can use humorous language to break the deadlock or suggestions, then both sides of negotiations can think about each other's advice in a cheerful state of mind.It is good for the both side to reach an agreement. (Stephen Ashcroft, 2004:229-233.)
4.2.4 Silent in the language
The reasonably and properly using of the silent language can often produce a very good effect during the negotiations.The negotiator could use silent language such as posture, gestures, body language, eye-contact, the expression, pronunciation organs and so on to express their opinions and ideas.Sometimes silence and body language is one of the most powerful means of communication, and even more powerful than verbal language.Non-verbal language is quite common is people’s daily communications, as well as in business communications.With cultural differences being considered, it is great to have some similarities in the silence and body language.People can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we should understand each other as well as we do.Not all cultures greet with each other in the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between others.Using silence and body language can always get unexpected good results during the negotiations.Noticing the signals that people send out with their language of silence is a very useful social skill.Some people can read it naturally and some of us are notoriously oblivious.Fortunately, you can learn to read body language with a little extra attentiveness, , and with enough practice it'll become second nature.And it is very helpful to know other party’s attention so as to reach an agreement in the negotiation.
5 Conclusion
As it is previously illustrated, apart from professional knowledge demanded by negotiations, the art and principles of language strategy determine the success of a negotiation.In different stages of negotiating, negotiator has to use different kind of language to grasp the rhythm of negotiations and the effect of progress.Business negotiations are fierce competition which both sides fully display their wisdom and skills to gain more interest and benefits.The result of negotiation directly affects the mutual development and economic benefits of enterprises.Therefore, the result of negotiation is particularly important for both parties.For each negotiator, the basic win-win principle is the ultimate goal.
摘要：As the global economy communication become more and more frequent, business negotiation also become more fre quent than before and the role of business negotiation is becoming more and more prominent.The global business communica tion becomes more and more frequent which attaches great importance to business negotiation. (People who engaged in business trade or business cooperation are familiar with the business negotiation.) That requires interpreters in the business world to be re ally skillful in their business communications.The commercial trade and the commercial cooperation are mostly reached through different kinds of negotiations.In the process of negotiations, the participants communicate with language to clarify their own in terests, thus come to an agreement at last.Language is the link of several parties in negotiations, which may play an important role in the success of negotiations.It will make us get twice the result with half the effort if we are able to size up the situation and to use it reasonable.The language directly affects the success of business negotiations.So it is necessary for business people to study and master the language skills.The decision-making of enterprise is not only have to master the professional knowledge which re lated with negotiation, but also have to possess a solid language foundation and good basic language skills if want to obtain the success in the business negotiations.Interpreters’successful commercial negotiations are the art result of both sides splendid utili zation language in the process of business negotiations.Enterprise executives should not only have a good command of profession al knowledge, but also need to be equipped with good communicative ability, because no successful negotiations can be done without positive attitudes and favorable intercommunications.
参考文献
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篇4：中英文口译训练障碍及对策
一、口译活动的特点及过程
口译在语言交际活动中的特殊性决定了对译者的更高要求。首先，译者必须掌握两种（或两种以上）语言。但是，并不是会说两种语言的人都是称职的译员，这就好比以英语为母语的人不都能成为英语教师，会画画的人不一定会成为画家一样。掌握双语只是口译的前提和基础。在此条件下，要通过大量的训练，其中涉及理解能力、反应能力、思维能力、信息组合能力、语言表达能力以及心理素质等方面的练习，从而达到口译所要求的准确、流畅和快速的标准。
其次，口译要求译者具有把听到的词、词组或句子记住并迅速加工成意群，然后作为一个意义整体记录下来，最后用译语进行信息切换的能力。因此，口译的基本过程可以总结为输入、解译和输出的过程，即将信息的来源语转换成目标语的过程；换言之，口译的过程就是听、理解、记忆、思考、组织和表达的过程。口译是一项很特殊的语言交际活动，因此，口译又具有即席性、独立性、综合性和专业性的特点。
二、听力理解障碍及对策
在英译口译的训练中，学习者首先遇到的就是听力问题。英语听力极强的瞬间性对译者来说是一大挑战。受训者在最初的训练中往往只强调听关键词，从而忽略句子的整体意义；或者由于同时要做笔记、时间紧迫，很多学习者都有听到就记的习惯，最终导致只听到只言片语，不知所云。其次是音同或音近词对听者在理解上造成了较大的障碍，比如，在一篇介绍庐山的文章中有这样一句，The mountain features beautiful peaks， seas of clouds， waterfalls and historical sites.（庐山以其美峰、云海、瀑布以及古迹而闻名）有人误把peaks听成了pigs，结果译文与原意相差甚远，闹了笑话。再就是听清了音但一时反应不出来，想不起相对应的单词或是短语。
要解决这一问题，首先，要把精听和泛听结合训练，精听要听懂每个词、辨清每个音；泛听则是为了提高语感，熟悉不同国家的发音；其次，平时多积累，比如多听、听懂英语句子中的连读、音变，记诵同音同义词和形近音近词等；再次，注重记忆的完整性，学习者在储备中必须做到音、形、义兼备，避免学习者在词汇学习中三者分离，出现听音卡壳的现象。
三、知识面障碍及对策
口译除了对译员的语言能力高要求外，还要求译员是个杂家。“An interpreter should know something of everything”，这句话生动地体现了对译者博览群书的要求。口译作为一项专业性极强的活动，要求译者对与该语言有关的国家的地理、历史、文化、风土人情、政治、经贸、外交、科技等各个方面都有所了解。因此，要成为一名称职的译员，做到有效而准确的翻译，了解和掌握背景知识及专业知识是必不可少的。（1）背景知识。口译过程中，译员若是缺乏相关的背景知识，其译文就会大打折扣，甚至引起误会。例如：“南北”在国际外交领域里既是一种地域概念，又是一种政治概念，发达国家大都集中在北半球，而南半球，尤其是非洲和拉丁美洲国家，则以穷国居多，因此，在国际政治中人们常以“南北”代表穷国和富国，了解了这一背景之后，译者就可根据上下文来判断从何角度翻译；（2）专业知识。口译中不可避免的要涉及到专业知识，比如，在涉及信息时代的材料中谈到 “电子皮肤”、“数字氏族”等术语，如果没有这一类的专业知识，译者就会不知如何翻译，从而可能导致整个口译活动的中断。
四、输出障碍及对策
口译中的输出涉及译者的笔记能力、整合能力和表达能力。在口译实践中，笔记是关键，整合是难点，表达是最终目标。三者环环相扣，缺一不可。口译笔记是辅助记忆的手段，是在听讲过程中用简单的文字或符号记下讲话内容中能刺激记忆的关键词。通过关键词提示译者讲话人所表述的意思，掌握其表述内容上下文的逻辑关系。口译笔记是对译者短暂记忆的延伸。初学者往往把所听到的内容原封不动地记录下来，以至跟不上讲话人的语速；或是即使使用了缩略语和符号记录，但记录的内容之间没有逻辑关系，无法进行整合。口译笔记的缺陷直接增加了整合复原的难度。如果整合出了问题，那么必然会对译者的表达造成困难。作为口译的最后环节，如果出了问题将使整个口译活动前功尽弃。
针对以上可能在该环节出现的障碍，现提出以下几个可行性方案：（1）口译笔记个性化，因为笔记只给译者本人看，只要自己能识别并迅速反应的笔记就是最好的笔记。所以在平时的口译训练中学习者可以总结出一套适合自己的笔记系统；（2）笔记在口译中只是一种辅助记忆的方式，译者应以“大脑记忆为主，笔记为辅”的原则贯穿口译活动，针对记了就忘的问题，学习者可以多做“干扰性”训练，摆脱完全依靠笔记的习惯；（3）要提高口头表达能力，多进行复述练习，提高语言组织能力和注意力集中度。
五、心理障碍及对策
口译是一种具有不可预测性的即席双语转换传输活动，它要求译员在极短的时间内进行双语切换，译员在整个口译活动中孤立无援，具有很强的独立操作性。这给译员造成了极大的心理压力，紧张的情绪势必影响译员的自信和发挥，导致反应迟钝、口误频繁，无法达到预期的效果。因此拥有一种从容自信的口译状态非常重要。
在正式的口译现场有压力是难免的，即便是在平时的口译训练中，译者也或多或少有紧张情绪。针对这种情况，译者可以在平时的练习过程中打好坚实的语言运用基础，多模拟口译现场，以适应现场气氛和压力。保持一定的语速，输出译文不要过快，并在口译活动前做好充足的准备，从容面对。
综上所述，口译训练主要是一种技能训练，只有通过大量的练习和反复实践才能掌握甚至驾驭它。口译之所以难度高，是因为它同时测试了译者的听解能力、表达能力、快速反应能力、翻译能力、和笔记能力。简言之，口译关键在于“协调运作”。只有克服了其中各环节的障碍，均衡发展，才能在坚持不懈的口译实践中达到准确、流利这一口译成功的标准。
篇5：英文口译实习报告
2009年3月13日
尊敬的曼德尔森大臣，尊敬的傅莹大使，各位企业家，女士们，先生们：
下午好！今天，由中国机电产品进出口商会和英中贸易协会组织的中英经贸合作研讨会在这里隆重开幕。在此，我谨代表中华人民共和国商务部表示衷心的祝贺！今天，中英两国政府和工商界的人士聚集在这里，围绕“新挑战、新机遇”这一主题，深入探讨应对危机、共谋发展的重大举措，具有十分重要的现实意义。在此，我预祝研讨会取得成功！
毋庸置疑，这场国际金融危机，使世界经济陷入上世纪大萧条以来最困难的境地。作为一个外向度较高的发展中国家，中国的经济发展，特别是对外贸易投资也受到了较大的冲击。从2008年11月份开始，中国进出口贸易连续三个月出现负增长，吸收外商直接投资出现了明显下滑趋势。我们也注意到，英国经济增长和就业也遭受了严重打击。双边贸易也受到负面影响，今年1月，中英双边贸易额同比下降21.6%，下降幅度之大、速度之快是罕见的。
当前，为应对危机和挑战，世界各国纷纷出台了应对措施，这对提振信心、缓解危机起到了重要作用。但在危机面前，仅仅依靠单个国家的努力远远不够，因为在经济全球化趋势下，当今的世界经济舞台已经形成了“你中有我，我中有你”的局面。世界经济发展的历史早已证明，在危机面前，封闭与保护没有出路，开放与合作才是正途。此次我率领中国贸易投资促进团访英，就是落实温家宝总理本月初“信心之旅”的一次重要后续活动，充分表明了中国政府在困难形势下，以实际行动反对贸易保护主义的态度与决心。
新挑战中往往蕴含着新的机遇。对于中英两国来说，危机将促使我们延伸和拓宽互利合作的内涵。目前，中国各级政府和部门，正在积极落实保持经济稳定增长的各项举措。伴随大规模民生工程、基础设施和生态环境等领域的建设，包括英资企业在内的数十万家在华外资企业将分享这些新的商机。我在中国各地调研过程中，感受到许多中国企业特别是民营企业，对欧优势技术和装备的采购具有浓厚的兴趣。作为中国在欧盟中的第三大贸易伙伴和累计第一大对华投资国，中英两国在生物、信息、环保、低碳经济、能源科技、新材料、医药卫生等领域，拥有巨大的合作潜力。中国还是世界服务贸易和高档消费品增长最快的市场。这意味着英国大量知名品牌产品以及金融、分销、设计、咨询等服务业企业，会有更多机会参与中国市场的竞争。当然，也会有越来越多的中国企业具备与英国企业合作的实力。我们鼓励中英双方企业在各个领域扩大交流和深化合作，共同分享宝贵的发展机遇。
女士们，先生们：
尽管当前我们遇到了严峻的挑战，但以科技进步和生产要素全球配置为基础的经济全球化趋势不会逆转，各国经济相互联系和依赖的程度仍将继续加强。英国是自由贸易思想的发源地，亚当•斯密的理论影响了200多年来的国际贸易实践。选择在这里作为我们此次贸易投资促进团的最后一站，赋予了此次活动更加特殊的意义。我们一路走过来，无论是老朋友还是新伙伴，无论是签订合同或者仅仅是洽谈意向，大家都进行了坦诚而深入的沟通，取得了许多有形和无形的丰硕成果。更为重要的是，我们向外界传递了秉持开放心态、携手合作、共渡难关的诚意和信心。我们坚信，未来商机无限，春天终将来临。
谢谢大家。
Speech at the Seminar on China-Britain Economic and Trade Cooperation
2009-03-13
Right Honorable Lord Mandelson,Honorable Ambassador Fu Ying,Dear Friends from the Business Community,Ladies and gentlemen,Good afternoon.Today, we hold the Seminar on China-Britain Economic and Trade Cooperation jointly organized by the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Mechanic and Electronic Products and the China-Britain Business Council.On behalf of the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China, I’d like to extend heartfelt congratulations on its opening.It brings together government officials and business people from China and Britain to explore ways to tackle the crisis and promote development.The theme---“New Challenges, New Opportunities”, is highly relevant.I look forward to a successful meeting.Without doubt, this international financial crisis has landed the world economy in the most difficult situation since the Great Depression.China, as a developing country with heavy reliance on foreign trade, is experiencing a hard time in economic growth, particularly in foreign trade and investment.Since November 2008, China’s imports and exports have seen negative growth for 3 consecutive months, while inward investment has been sliding.We’ve also noted that economic growth and employment here in Britain has also been dealt a heavy blow.Two-way trade between China and Britain has suffered as well.In January 2009, bilateral trade value dropped 21.6% year on year.The gravity and speed of the decline are unprecedented indeed.To tackle the crisis and challenges, countries have taken various countermeasures, contributing greatly to restoring confidence and mitigating the consequences of the crisis.However, in the face of a crisis, efforts of a single country are far from enough.In a world featuring globalization, economies are inextricably interwoven with each other.The history of world economy has proven that insulation and protectionism offers no way out;openness and cooperation is the right recipe to heal a crisis.The visit of the China Trade and Investment Promotion Delegation, which I lead, to Britain is an important follow-up to Premier Wen Jiabao’s “Trip of Confidence” earlier this month.It shows the stance and resolution of the Chinese government to oppose protectionism under difficult circumstances.New challenges often present new opportunities.To China and Britain, this crisis will serve as a catalyst to enrich our reciprocal cooperation.At present, governments at all levels in China are in full gear to implement measures targeted at maintaining the steady growth of economy.With the execution of large-scale projects in public welfare, infrastructure, and ecological environment, hundreds of thousands of companies with foreign including British investment will be able to share these new business opportunities.During my investigation and study tours around China, I found that many Chinese enterprises, especially private ones, are very interested in buying more advanced technology and equipment from Europe.Among all EU countries, Britain is the third largest trade partner for China and has made the most investment in cumulative terms.Our two
篇6：1口译实习报告
口译实习心得体会
光阴似箭，为期一个礼拜的口译实习转眼间就已经过去了，经过这一周以来对口译这门课程的更深入的学习，让我从中受益匪浅。虽然只是短短的几天，然而对于我来说确实不平凡的几天。
这学期是我第一次真正意义上的开始接触口译这门课程，对于这门课程，说熟悉其实也挺陌生的，原以为口译只是纯粹的把中英文进行互译，并不知道里面所包含的内容与技巧有如此的复杂。如果说一学期的口译学习算是对口译的初步认识的话，那么这段时间的实习便是对口译技巧的进一步学习以及实际操作。
口译的实习期间，老师主要针对于交替传译这方面的内容进行了主要讲解，一直以来都对交替传译带有模糊的概念，通过了解知道交替传译是指口译员坐在会议室里，一面听源语讲话，一面记笔记。当讲者发言结束或停下来等候传译的时候，口译员用清楚、自然的目的语，准确、完整地重新表达源语发言的全部信息内容，就像自己在演讲一样。听起来貌似是很简单的一个概念，实际上我想对于每一个没有长期经过这种口译练习的人来说，都是带有一定的难度的。而且如果没有足够量的功底的话，想要能做到一个现场翻译的那种程度更是不大可能。不得不说的一点是交替传译的广泛性和实用性，它多用于规模较小且只涉及两种工作语言的场合，如外交会晤、双边谈判、访问考察、小范围磋商、记者采访、司法和准司法程序、宴会致词、新闻发布会以及时间短的小型研讨会。这一点对于我们这个专业的学生来说，更提出了要学好这个技能的必要性。
这次实习最深的感触就是口译的能力是建立在“实战”的基础之上的，所谓的实战并不是只能有多少的机会，出没在现场的翻译，而实际上就是一个“练”字。只有大量的积累素材，词汇量，信息量，以及有针对性的练习，对文章能够信手拈来，才能做到以后的临危不乱。我们可以看出强大的信息量与词汇量是做好翻译的客观前提条件，如果没有这个做后盾，我想要做好一次翻译是不可能的。在此次的口译实践中，通过观看温总理答中外记者问当中的翻译，我们不难看出，总理的语言总是充满着艺术的色彩，而翻译官却能游刃有余的将这些语言深入浅出的在翻译的语句当中显现出来。这就是一个好的理解能力，如果没办法理解所要翻译的话语，那又何谈将它转换化成另一种语言呢。正所谓巧妇难为无米之炊，因而，做好口译的基础，就是先得具备良好的单词与词汇储备。
再者，另一个让我颇有体会的是，口译是必须建立一个“巧”字的基础上。这里所说的巧其实也就是技巧与方法。我们最刚开始接触翻译的时候，往往认识的只是某些个单词或者词组，然后逐字逐词的进行翻译，而这翻译出来的东西往往是很生硬的东西。就如果汉语有自己的语言的特色一样，英语在形式上也是多变的，因此有人也会说翻译有时候更是一门艺术。所谓的巧就是要懂得合理的运用一系列的技巧，首先是听和分析，只有具备一定的听力能力，以及对你所要翻译的材料有一定的准备基础，才能更好的做好这第一个步骤。再者，需要的是＂做笔记＂，人脑不是电脑，不可能记得住所有的东西，因此做好笔记是非常重要的，而这里所说的做笔记更要讲求运用符号和缩略词等。第三便是运用自己的短时记忆能力，去将自己所做的笔记进行回想，我想说的是，在这个步骤中是基于平时的练习成果，如果平时没有一定的复述文章的功底的话，将会举步维艰。第四，整理笔记。我觉得整理笔记是建立在做好笔记的基础上，如果连自己所作的笔记都没办法看懂的话，那么想要输出所要翻译的这段话的是不可能的。
在这次的实践当中，指导老师通过给予我们一些视频演讲材料，如温总理答记者问，英国首相布朗在G20峰会上的演讲，通过对这些素材的翻译演练，进行句与句之间，词与词之间口译方法和技巧分析的解读，而且让我们亲身实践，练习独立的进行针对性的口译练习，在交流与共同学习的过程中得到良好的训练。从中，我们也不难发现，口译的技巧在这个过程中所扮演的相当重要的角色。与此同时，我们深刻体验到，宝剑锋从磨砺出，想要做到一个好的翻译，没有下过一番苦功夫是不可能的。