英语诗歌分析范文

2022-06-04

第一篇：英语诗歌分析范文

英语比赛诗歌

姓名:马金涛

哪里有北京精神Where can you see the Beijing Spirit

天安门,文名叫杰克。我十岁了，我在台头小学上学。我很喜欢去游乐园，但事情就发生在这里。

当我上二年级的时候，有一天，我们去石景山游乐园，我非常激动，但是当我玩的正高兴的时候，我却走丢了。我找不到我妈妈了，我很着急。但是我并没有哭，我记得妈妈穿了一件红色的衣服。所以我就开始找穿红色衣服的女人。过了半个小时，我终于找到了妈妈，我伤心地哭了，妈妈也紧紧地抱着我。我才知道，我有多么爱我的妈妈。

当我十岁的时候，我给妈妈过了一个生日。那天是妈妈的生日，我想送给她一个生日礼物，但我不知道买什么，而且我也没有钱，所以，我决定给妈妈做一张贺卡。我准备好了纸。笔，尺子和蜡笔，在纸上画了一个妈妈抱着一个小男孩，还在纸上写下了对妈妈感谢的话。妈妈看了我的礼物，感动的哭了，说我是一个董事的孩子。

我爱我的妈妈，这就是我的故事。

My name is ma jintao,my englinsh name is jack. I ma ten years old. I go to Taitou Primary School.I like to amusement park,but this thing happened here.

When I was in the grade 2,I went to shijingshan amusement paek with my mom.I was very excited.But when I played happily,I got lost.I couldn’t find my mother,I remembered mom wore ared dress. So I started to look for a woman in red clothes.A fter a long time,I found the mother,I cried sadly.My mother embraces me tightly.I didn’t know,how much I loved my mother.

When I was 10 years pld,I made a gift for me mom. It was my mother’s birthday,I’d like to give my mom a greeting card.I’m got paper,pen,ruler,and crayons read.I drew a mother holding a small doy on the paper,and wrote some words.Mother looked at my gigt and cried.She said I was a sensible child

I live my mother,and this is my story.

第二篇：英语诗歌——入门

诗歌是纯文学。英美文学传统中此种文学形式十分繁荣，在这方面甚至可与被称为“诗的国度”的中国相提并论。正如学习汉语不明诗词歌赋为何物，就难入佳境一样，学习英文而不解诗味，也堪称憾事。然而，由于用词典雅、句法精炼、形式别致以及意象丰富等等缘故，英文诗号称难读。本课程精选莎士比亚以来名家名诗数十首，解其句读，析其格律，达其妙趣，并判其风格，使初学者尝其一脔，略知滋味，并望其由此获得进入英诗宝库之门径。

导引

诗歌是一种精美的艺术，趣味高一点的人一般都喜欢诗歌。受过良好教育的中国人都会背诵若干首古诗。现在人们很重视学习英文，学习英文，视野也应宽阔一些，也应当对英文诗歌多少有些领略才好。中国文学中诗歌成就极大，英语文学中，诗歌也极其丰富多彩。语言艺术的最高表现形式在诗歌。如果只是知道实用性的英文，只学习商业英文、法律英文等英文，对英语文学毫无修养，对英文诗歌一无所知，那将是一个不小的遗憾，将会影响到审美能力的发展和提高，

学英文而不懂英文诗歌，不仅从审美角度看是一个遗憾，而且从英语学习这一角度看，不学一些英文诗歌，其英语水平也达不到很高的层次。诗歌语言最精炼，语汇最丰富，表达形式最精美，语言的色调最细腻。如果对诗歌有一定修养，其语言表达能力会大大提高。试想一个学汉语的人，如果对唐诗宋词一无所知，其汉语水平不会很高。学英语者也是如此。如果他对莎士比亚、弥尔顿、华兹华斯、拜伦、雪莱、济慈等人的著名诗篇一窍不通，其英文水平也不会很高。

总之，有一定英语基础的人不能不更上一层楼，读一点英文诗。这不仅有助于提高我们的文学素养，丰富我们的审美能力，也有助于提高我们的英语水平。

英诗基础知识

读英文诗歌相当不容易。其中的主要原因是诗歌有其独特的语言特点和表达方式，与散文有明显区别。为更好地欣赏英文诗歌，很有必要了解一些相关的基本知识。这方面的知识极其细致，以下只介绍一些最基本的。

一节奏

诗歌是具有音乐性的语言。音乐作品的最大特点之一是音符的流动是有节奏的。所谓节奏就是强拍和弱拍按一定的形式配合起来，有规律地反复出现。懂点音乐的人都知道，音乐中基本的节奏有两种，即强——弱(2/4拍)和强——弱——弱(3/4拍)。举两个简单的例子：《东方红》的节奏就是强——弱：

5 56│2 —│1 16│2 —│5 5│6i 65│1 16│2 —│

《新年好》(HAPPY NEW YEAR)这首儿歌的节奏是强——弱——弱：

11 1 5 │33 3 1│13 5 5 │43 2 —│23 4 4 │32 3 1│13 2 5│72 1 —│

中国古诗有节奏。其节奏主要是通过汉字特有的声调表现出来的。传统汉语中的声调有四：平、上、去、入。平声称“平声”，上、去、入三声统称仄声。平声与仄声结合起来反复出现，就是中国诗歌的节奏。如一首五言绝句，其最常见的节奏是：仄仄平平仄，平平仄仄平。平平平仄仄，仄仄仄平平。王之涣《等鹳雀楼》：白日依山尽，黄河入海流。欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。此诗即是这样的节奏。其中“欲”字是仄声，与格式不合。但根据格律要求，诗行中的第一字可平可仄。英文诗歌也有节奏。英文没有平声、仄声之分，但有重读轻读音节之分，其节奏是通过重读音节与轻读音节表现出来的。一个重读音节与一个或两个轻读音节按一定的模式搭配起来，有规律地反复出现就是英文诗歌的节奏。

我们知道凡是有两个以上音节的英文单词，都有重读音节与轻读音节之分，在一句话中，根据语法、语调、语意的要求，有些词也要重读，有些要轻读。如he went to town to buy a book.. I’m glad to hear the news. 英文中有重读和轻读之分，重读的音节和轻读的音节，按一定模式配合起来，反复再现，组成诗句，听起来起伏跌宕，抑扬顿挫，就形成了诗歌的节奏。多音节单词有重音和次重音，次重音根据节奏既可视为重读，也可视为轻读。读下面这两句诗：

Alone │she cuts │and binds│ the grain, And sings │a me│lancho│ly strain.

这两行诗的重读与轻读的固定搭配模式是：轻——重。在每行中再现四次，这样就形成了这两行诗的节奏。某种固定的轻重搭配叫“音步”(foot)，相当与乐谱中的“小节”。一轻一重，就是这两行诗的音步。一行诗中轻重搭配出现的次数叫音步数，这两行诗的音步数都是四，所以就称其为四音步诗。

第三篇：英语诗歌对比评析

Dingyu Wang(515370910026) Vy100 Professor Thorpe 11.22.2015

I Prefer Poets: Poets Can Do More than Barking In November 2011, Notch officially completed work on Minecraft 1.0, “an open world game that has no specific goals for the player to accomplish” (Gallegos), which turned out to be a huge success (McCarthy).McCarthy first regards its success as a mystery since it’s only an indie game without any advertising but he finally points out that the success is just because players“have free rein to build, build, build”(par. 18).People do enjoythe freedom to think and create. In effect, the situation is analogical when people encounter poems. “Who Is a Poet” and “Another Reason I Don’t Keep a Gun in the House” are two poems that both take advantages of audience’s imagination in order to convey its message. However, “Who Is a Poet” provides more freedom for audience to understand and to imagine, thus giving a more effective argument, while “Another Reason I Don’t Keep a Gun in the House” restricts audience’s imagination in the author’s world by giving a detailed imaginary scene.The detailed reasons why “Who Is a Poet” is better than “Another Reason I Don’t Keep a Gun in the House” will be gradually revealed by analyzing the logos, ethos, and pathos in those poems. Billy Collinswrites “Another Reason I Don’t Keep a Gun in the House” in an imaginarily narrative way, encouraging people to seek joy amidst sorrow. In the poem, the neighbors’ dog keeps barking which almost drives the speaker craze. Then he falls into his imaginary world where the annoying dog becomes a soloist. The story that the speaker uses imagination to make an irritating dog so funny tells people not to be stuck by little annoyance and try to make life happier.

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Alternatively, Tadeusz Różewicz writes “Who Is a Poet” to answer the question who is a poet. His argument is that poets are hard to define- anyone can be a poet under certain circumstances. Therefore, he actually gives a “vacant” definition of poets, and leaves the work to the audience who are guided to define their own poets. This kind of argument seems ridiculous but actually is a more effective way to argue such ill-defined items- it has no complete argument in the poem itself, but it has a unique argument once a reader start to read it. It’s the reader who completes the other half of the argument. Although the story in “Another Reason I Don’t Keep a Gun in the House” is quite interesting, it can only offer a very limited extent. “Who Is a Poet” does a much better job in offering chances for audience to think deeply. As a result, the latter one is superior to the former one in the interaction between poets and audience, which makes it a better argument. The logos,or the width of a poem’s context may wellconstrain the width of audience’s thoughts, thus playing an important role in an argument. The objects are very limited in “Another Reason I Don’t Keep a Gun in the House”- just the neighbors’ barking dog and the fictional dog soloist. Although that“dog” is likely to be a represent of all the annoyance, which provides a little more extent, the poem is far more restricted in comparison with “Who Is a Poet”. In “Who Is a Poet”,Różewicz covers both abstract and figurative parts about poets. Thanks to its complex context, readers are able to think over it in severallevels, thus obtaining profound understanding that comes from thinking deeply. Generally, the width of poems’ contexts provides objective condition for readers to think freely. The ethos,or the reading process of a poem, does matter a lot with respect to the effect of the argument. Collins’s story starts from a narrative of the actual barking dog and then turns into a narrative of a fictional dog soloist using a transitional sentence “and now I can see him sitting

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in the orchestra”(Collins). The transitional sentence is a signal and it’s so clear and obvious that people jump into that particular scene without any other thoughts. However, the literal meaning of “Who Is a Poet” is somehow contradictory- Różewicz states a poet can be both one who writes verses and one who doesn’t write verse (Różewicz). The literal contradiction can lead audience into deeper thoughts, thus being capable of sending more messages which are not on the surface of the poem. This kind of sentence-pairs also appears in the beginning of the novel Tale of Two Cities- “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness …” (Dickens 8), which are a recognized extraordinary opening that constructs a solemn atmosphere. Such atmosphere helps people think deeply. The pathos isthe choice ofperson in poems. “Another Reason I Don’t Keep a Gun in the House” uses the first person which constrains the thoughts of readers, while “Who Is a Poet” is in the third person so that it can free the readers’ thoughts. Using the first person is known to be a good method to tell stories, though; it’s not a good idea to apply the first person in an argument. The use of “I” will absorb readers into the story and trap them within the story. Notice that although poems using the first person can take advantages of audience’s imagination,this kind of imagination is limitedwithin the author’s imagination.That is to say, the audience could at most imagine in the way the author imagines, being not able to go out of the author’s imagination. “Another Reason I Don’t Keep a Gun in the House” is actually an interesting poem with wild imagination, but after reading it, people only get the interesting idea of the barking dog and then little thing else.Alternatively, “Who Is a Poet” keeps in the third person and provides an insight of poets by offering a distance between readers and the characters in the poem. As a result, “Who Is a Poet” is also superior to “Another Reason I Don’t Keep a Gun in the House” according to the pathos.

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“The message of the poem was defined as the interpretation of the poem, often linked to theme but encompassing more than that. It involves analyzing of unfolding what that would mean to the reader” (Patel).That’s true. Therefore, in order to “have something to be unfolded”, poems need some extra space that is left to readers, as opposed to proses, which are designed to instill the text into readers’ brain thus providing no extra space for readers. People prefer play games rather than watch television, for the former activity provides the freedom to think and create and Minecraft made a huge impact just by providing freedom for players. Not surprised, the poem “Who Is a Poet” which possessesan expansive width, a guidance of in-depth reading process, and the solemn use of the third person is superior to “Another Reason I Don’t Keep a Gun in the House”, for the former one has a higher degree of freedom provided for audience.According to the history of human beings’ exploration, in which humanbeings try again and again to free themselves from the limit of nature, human beings do pursue freedom, and do enjoy freedom, even when they are reading a poem.

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Works cited

Collins, Billy. “Another Reason I Don’t Keep a Gun in the House.”

Dickens, Charles. Tale of Two Cities. London, GBR: ElecBook, 2001. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 23 November 2015. Gallegos, Anthony. "Minecraft Review — PC Review at IGN." IGN. Web. 26 Nov. 2015. McCracken, Harry. "The Mystery of Minecraft." Time 181.21 (2013): 40. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 Nov. 2015. Patel, Pooja, and Leslie E. Laud. "Poetry Feedback That Feeds Forward." Middle School Journal 46.4 (2015): 24-31. ERIC. Web. 22 Nov. 2015. Różewicz, Tadeusz. “Who Is a Poet.”

第四篇：英语诗歌的类别

1. 十四行诗 (Sonnet) 源于中世纪民间抒情短诗，十

三、十四世纪流行于意大利，意大利彼特拉克（Petrarch）为代表人物，每行十一个音节，全诗一节八行，加一节六行，韵脚用abba, abba, cdcdcd (cdecde)。前八行提问，后六行回答。

后来，怀亚特（Thomas Wyatt,1503-1542）将十四行诗引人英国，五音步抑扬格，全诗三个四行一个二行,前三节提问，后二句结论。斯宾塞（Edmund Spenser,1552-1599）用韵脚 abab, bcbc,cdcd,ee。莎士比亚（William Shakespeare,1564-1616）用韵脚abab,cdcd,efef,gg，称英国式或莎士比亚式。

2. 打油诗（Limericks）

通常是小笑话甚至是胡诌，一般没有标题也无作者姓名，含有幽默讽刺性，常运用双关，内韵等手法。每首诗五个诗行，押韵为aabba，格律以抑扬格和抑抑扬格为主。

1) There was a young lady of Nigger Who smiled as she rode on a tiger; They returned from the ride With the lady inside, And the smile on the face of the tiger.

2) A tutor who taught on the flute Tried to teach two tooters to toot, “Is it harder to toot, or Said the two to the tutor, To tutor two tooters to toot?”

3、素体诗(无韵体诗)（Blank Verse）

五音步抑扬格，不押韵诗体。the unrhymed iambic pentameter line William Wordsworth: There Was a Boy

There was a Boy; ye knew him well, ye cliffs And islands of Winander! many a time, At evening, when the earliest stars began To move along the edges of the hills, Rising or setting, would he stand alone, Beneath the trees, or by the glimmering lake; And there, with fingers interwoven, both hands Pressed closely palm to palm and to his mouth Uplifted, he, as through an instrument, Blew mimic hootings to the silent owls

1 That they might answer him.—And they would shout Across the watery vale, and shout again, Responsive to his call,—with quivering peals, And long halloos, and screams, and echoes loud Redoubled and redoubled; concourse wild Of jocund din! And, when there came a pause

Of silence such as baffled his best skill: Then, sometimes, in that silence, while he hung Listening, a gentle shock of mild surprise Has carried far into his heart the voice Of mountain-torrents; or the visible scene Would enter unawares into his mind With all its solemn imagery, its rocks, Its woods, and that uncertain heaven received Into the bosom of the steady lake.

This boy was taken from his mates, and died In childhood, ere he was full twelve years old. Pre-eminent in beauty is the vale Where he was born and bred: the churchyard hangs Upon a slope above the village-school; And through that churchyard when my way has led On summer-evenings, I believe that there A long half-hour together I have stood Mute —looking at the grave in which he lies!

3. 自由诗（Free Verse）

自由诗（Free Verse）:现代诗中常见的体式，长短不同的诗行存在于同一首诗中，不讲究押韵与格律，只注重诗歌所表达的意象和传递的情感。美国诗人Walt Whitman的<<草叶集>>（Leaves of Grass）中，就采用此格式。

Song of Myself

I celebrate myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.

I loafe and invite my soul, I learn and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.

My tongue, every atom of my blood, form’d from this soil, this air,

Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same, I, now thirty seven years old in perfect health begin, Hoping to cease not till death.

Creeds and schools in abeyance, Retiring back a while sufficed at what they are, but never forgotten. I harbor for good or bad, I permit to speak at every hazard. Nature without check with original energy.

Notes: a spear of: a piece of school:学说，流派 hazard:chance abeyance: the condition of not being in use for a certain time 惠特曼（Walt Whitman,1819-1892），美国诗人。此诗选自其巨著<<草叶集>>。本文是Song of Myself 一诗的第一部分，采用自由诗体，语言接近当时的美国口语。

4. Epic poetry it is a long verse narrative on a serious subject, told in a formal and elevated style, and centered on a heroic or quasi-divine figure on whose actions depends the fate of a tribe, a nation, or the human race. 史诗是叙述英雄传说和重大历史事件的叙事长诗。一种庄严的文学体裁，内容为民间传说或歌颂英雄功绩的长篇叙事诗，它涉及的主题可以包括历史事件、民族、宗教或传说

5. 史诗

史诗一般分作两种，一种为“传统史诗”或“原始史诗”，主要是以口头流传的形式世代相传，随着时间而增添情节，最后被整理、加工，以文字记载成为一部统一的作品。这类史诗的代表有荷马的史诗作品《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》。另一种为文学作家以特定的观念目的有意识地编写而成的“文学史诗”，这类史诗的代表有维吉尔的《埃涅阿斯纪》和约翰•弥尔顿的《失乐园》。

6. 英雄双韵体(Heroic Couplet)

Heroic Couplet is the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter

是一种英国古典诗体，由乔叟首创。由十音节双韵诗体演化而来，每行五个音步,每个音步有两个音节,第一个是轻音,第二个是重音.句式均衡、整齐、准确、简洁、考究。举例拿四行诗的押韵方式为例，有abab型，有abcb型，有abba型，有aabb型，还有aaab型。第四种（aabb型）实际上是双行押韵，英语称之为couplet,如果每行五音步，则称之为“英雄双押

3 韵”(heroic couplet)；

The Canterbury Tales---General Prologue As soon as April pierces to the root The drought of March, and bathes each bud and shoot Through every vein of sap with gentle showers From whose engendering liquor spring the flowers; When zephyrs have breathed softly all about Inspiring every wood and field to sprout, And in the zodiac the youthful sun His journey halfway through the Ram has run; When little birds are busy with their song Who sleep with open eyes the whole night long Life stirs their hearts and tingle in them so, Then off as pilgrims people long to go, And palmers to set out for distant strands And foreign shrines renowned in many lands. And specially in England people ride To Canterbury from every countryside To visit there the blessed martyred saint Who gave them strength when they were sick and faint.

7. Ballads and popular ballads大众民谣 Definition of the ballad:

A ballad, flourished in the 15th century, is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and fourth lines rhymed.

Popular Ballads Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission. Literature of the common people.

flourished in the 15th century, printed until the 18th and 19th. The best known of the earliest collections was Bishop Thomas Percy’s “Reliques of Ancient English Poetry”.

英国民谣（English Ballad），起源于中世纪末期，即

12、13世纪，兴盛于

14、15世纪，复兴于

18、19世纪，是英国最古老的诗歌形式之一。它主要包括两大部分，英格兰民谣和苏格兰民谣。

Get Up and Bear the Door It fell about the Martinmas time,

And a gay time it was then,

4 When our goodwife got puddings to make,

And she’s boiled them in the pan.

The wind so cold blew south and north,

And blew into the floor; Quoth our goodman to our goodwife,

“Go out and bar the door.”

“My hand is in my hussyfscap,

Goodman, as ye may see; If it should not be barr’d this hundred year,

It’s not be barr’d by me.”

They made a paction

’tween them two,

They made it firm and sure, That the first word whoe’er should speak,

Should rise and bar the door.

Then by there came two gentlemen,

At twelve o’clock at night,

And they could neither see house nor hall,

Nor coal, nor candlelight,

“Now whether is this a rich man’s house,

Or whether is it a poor?”

But ne’er a word would one of them speak,

For barring of the door,

And first they ate white puddings,

And then they ate the black: Tho’ much thought the goodwife to herself,

Yet ne’er a word she spake,

Then said the one unto the other,

“Here, man, take ye ma knife; Do you take off the old man’s beard,

And I’ll kiss the goodwife,”

“But there’s no water in the house,

And what shall we do then?” “What ails ye at the pudding-broth,

That boils into the pan?”

O, up then started our goodman,

An angry man was he; “Will ye kiss my wife before my eye,

And scald me with pudding-broth?”

O’ up then started our goodwife,

Made three skips on the floor; “Goodman, you’ve spoken the foremost word;

Get up and bar the door.”

8. Triplet / tercet(三韵句，三行押韵的诗节) : Triplet: a unit or group of three lines, usu. rhymed. 三行诗节(three-line stanza，triplet)押韵的形式多样，如：aaa；aab，ccb；aba，bcb⋯ ⋯

ODE TO THE WEST WIND (V)

B. B. Shelly

Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is:

What if my leaves are falling like its own!

The tumult of thy mighty harmonies

Will take from both a deep, autumnal tone,

Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce,

My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one!

Drive my dead thoughts over the universe

Like withered leaves to quicken a new birth!

And, by the q of this verse,

Scatter, as from an unextinguished hearth

Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind!

Be through my lips to unawakened Earth

The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind,

If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?

9. 四行诗节quatrain: a stanza of four lines 可以押联韵(couplet rhyme)aabb ,也可以押套韵(interlaced rhyme)即abab；还可以押间韵(intermittent rhyme)即abcb；又可押抱韵(enclosing rhyme)即abba。

Awake ，awake ，my 1ittle boy ! Thou was thy mothers only joy； •

Why dost thou weep in thy gentle sleep? Awake! thy father does thee keep． William Blake (联韵)

Sunset and evening star， And one clear call for me! And may there be no moaning of the bar， When I put out to sea． Tennyson，Crossing the Bar (套韵)

Break ，break，break，

On thy cold grey stones，O Sea! And 1 would that my tongue could utter The thoughts that arise in me Tennyson Break ，Break ，Break (间韵)

I hold it true．whateer befall， I feel it when I sorrow most； Tis never to have loved at al1． Then never to have loved at al1． Tennyson In Memoriam (抱韵)

O my luve is like a red, red rose,

That’s newly sprung in June;

O my luve is like the melodie

That’s sweetly play’d in tune.

As fair art thou, my bonie lass,

So deep in luve am I;

And I will luve thee still, my dear,

Till a’ the seas gang dry.