定语从句专题复习

定语从句专题复习（精选6篇）

篇1：定语从句专题复习

高中英语语法专题复习教案专题十二——定语从句

一、考点聚焦

1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语

2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后

Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词

（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy,-thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。

（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：

①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。This is the place which is worth visiting.②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。

There are many places we can visit（them）in China.4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词

关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。

5、确定关系词的步骤

（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。

6、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which（1）先行词被①形容词最高级 ②序数词 ③数词几种词修饰或被 ④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。

（2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。

（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。

He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.用心 爱心 专心 1

（4）先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时。

Which are the books that you bought for me ?

7、宜用which而不用that的情况（1）在非限制性定语从句中（2）在关系词前有介词时（3）当先行词本身是that时（4）当关系词离先行词较远时

8、关系词who与that指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词（1）当主句是there be句型时，关系词用who。

（2）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用who。（3）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用that。Who is that girl that is standing by the window?（4）whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。

9、whose作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。如： Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ? There is a room, whose window faces the river.There is a room, the window of which faces the river.10、关系代词as,在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。

（1）先行词被such和the same修饰，或句型as many（much）中，从句都用as 引导。Such books as you bought are useful.The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.注意：区别①such „ that „ 引导的结果状语从句。They are such lovely children that we love them much.②the same „ that „ 引导定语从句。I want to use the same tool that you used just now.（2）无先行词的定语从句用as和which引导。

区别：①意义上：as 含有“这点正如„„一样”。②位置上：as 从句可置句首，也可在另处。

He didn’t pass the exam, as we had expected.用心 爱心 专心

There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.As is known, the earth is round, not flat.11、关系副词when与where、why、that when 指时间 = in / at / on / during which where指地点 = in / at / from / which why指原因 = for which 当先行词为way、day、reason、time时，可用that作关系副词。（非正式场合）I don’t like the way that / in which / he talks.当time作先行词时，关系词可以省掉。

This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.12、必须注意的问题

（1）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。（2）注意区别定语从句与强调句。①定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。②强调it无意义，that / who不是引导词。

③强调it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定语从句)It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语)We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定语)（4）关系词在从句中省略的情况。①关系词作宾语，前无介词时。②关系词作表语。

（5）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。

（6）关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which和whom。（7）几个特殊的定语从句句型：

①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks

用心 爱心 专心

in the match.（句中one为先行词）

He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先行词）

②Is this place the one(that)we visited yesterday? Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ? ③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.二、精典名题导解 选择填空

1.The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.（NMET 2001）

A.until B.that C.when D.where 解析：答案为C。本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。作好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先行词the hours和关系词被介词短语to me所分隔。定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词hours, 并且关系词在从句中用作状语，故应选择表示时间的关系副词when。

2.___________ is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month.(NMET 2001)A.It B.As C.That D.What 解析：答案为B。本题考查as引导的非限制定语从句。as作“正如„„”解时，引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰整个句子。当as在从句中作主语时，常用于下列短语：as is known、as is said、as is reported、as is announced等。要注意掌握作关系代词引导定语从句的用法。

3.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ___________ he grew up as a child.(NMET 1996)A.which B.where C.that D.when 解析：答案为B。本题考查限制性定语从句中关系词的选择。定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词短语the small town, 且关系词不作定语从句中的主语和宾语而作地点状语，因此定语从句必须用关系副词where引导。要注意分清先行词在从句中充当的成分，然后选择适当的关系词。

4.The English play my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great

用心 爱心 专心

success.A.for which B.at which C.in which D.on which 解析：答案为C。考定语从句。主句部分应是The English play at the New Year’s party was a great success.从句补全为独立句子应是my students acted in the play。所以应选in which，其余介词不妥。

5.There were dirty marks on her trousers she had wiped her hands.A.where B.which C.when D.that 解析：答案为A。本题考地点状语从句，用where引导。句意是“她的裤子上她擦过手的地方有脏痕”。此处不能用时间状语从句，排除C，本题易被误认为考定语从句，意为“在她擦过手的裤子上有脏痕”。定语从句修饰trousers，也只能用where。B和D可引导定语从句，但只作主、宾等成分。定语从句缺少状语，不缺主语、宾语，故不可用。

6.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, the sailing time was 226 days.A.of which B.during which C.from which D.for which 解析：答案为A。本题考定语从句，关系代词which指代the journey，定语从句恢复为独立句子应是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days,故选of which。

用心 爱心 专心 5

篇2：定语从句专题复习

Ⅰ.完成句子

1．(2013·湖北襄阳3月调研)Mr Smith will give a lecture on this issue tomorrow afternoon，________________________________.(worth)

明天下午，史密斯先生将作一个关于这个问题的讲座。据说，这个讲座值得参加。答案： which is said to be worth attending

2．(2013·湖北省部分重点中学高三下学期联考)Is it these piles of coats________________________________？(iron)

是这几堆外套需要熨烫吗？

答案： that need ironing/that need to be ironed

3．(2013·湖北省部分重点中学高三下学期联考)The book，______________yesterday，is called Life of Pi.(pick)

你昨天挑出来的那本书叫做《少年派的奇幻漂流》。

答案：(which)you picked out

4．(2013·武汉市武昌区联考)Charlie Chaplin made people laugh at a time________________________，so they could feel more content with their lives.(depress)

在人们感到沮丧的时候，查理·卓别林可以使他们开怀大笑，于是他们就会对自己的生活感到比较满足。

答案： when they felt depressed

5．(2013·武汉市武昌区联考)It was more important to me to know how people thought，because this gave me an insight into the best way________________________________.(work)

对我来说更重要的是知道人们是怎么想的，因为这能让我了解与他们合作的最好方式。答案：(that/in which)I could work with them

6．(2013·湖北省武汉市名校高三第二次调研测试)Three teachers murdered at Sandy Hook Elementary School all died，trying to save their students from a gunman________________________the son of a school teacher there.(recognize)

在美国桑迪胡克小学枪击案中，三名老师为救学生而牺牲，嫌疑犯被认出是学校一名教师的儿子。

答案：(who was)recognized as

7．(2013·湖北荆州质量检测Ⅰ)The two films are adapted from the novels of the same title，________________________by the students.(think)

这两部影片自同名小说改编而来，都受到了同学们的高度评价。

答案：(both of)which are thought highly of

8．(2013·湖北襄阳五校高三下学期期中联考)This park is a wonderful place__________a good time.(have)

这个公园是个人人都能玩得很痛快的好地方。

答案： where everybody can have

9．(2013·湖北鄂西示范高中质量检查)There are 3 kinds of paper to make a card with，none________________________easily.(tear)

这儿有三种纸可以用来做卡片，它们都不容易被撕破。

答案： of which tears

10．(2013·湖北省十堰市四校4月联考)There are two tall buildings around our school，________________________nearly one hundred feet high.(stand)

我们学校旁边有两座很高的建筑，其中较高的一座有一百多英尺。

答案： the taller of which stands/of which the taller stands

11．(2013·春季湖北省宜昌三校高三年级三月联考)It must be the way________________________________your ugly handwriting.(lead)

一定是你写字的方式导致你笔迹难看。

答案：(that/in which)you write that leads to

12．(2013·湖北宜昌三校三月联考)In our school there are about five thousand students，at least____________________________glasses.(wear)

我们学校大约有五千名学生，至少有一半戴眼镜。

答案： half of whom wear

13．(2013·湖北黄冈部分中学统一调研)Whether peasant workers have the right to send their children to study in city schools close to__________________________________has caused a wide concern.(work)

农民工是否有权把他们的孩子送到离他们工作地点近的城市的学校学习，这个问题引起了广泛关注。

答案： where they work

14．(2013·湖北黄冈部分中学统一调研)Microblog，________________________brief and fast，is playing an increasingly important role in social life.(feature)

微博，以其短和快的特点，正在社会生活中发挥着日益重要的作用。

答案： which features/featuring

15．(2013·武汉市5月模拟)Robinson was a New York Times best­selling author，__________________have been sold.(copy)

罗宾森曾是《纽约时报》最畅销书作家，他的书已卖了两百万本。

答案： two millions copies of whose books

16．(2013·荆州高中毕业班质量检测二)I have been dreaming of climbing that

mountain，__________________________an old temple.(stand)

我一直梦想能爬上那座山顶上有座古庙的高山。

答案： on whose top stands/on the top of which stands

17．(2013·鄂州高三摸底考试)Simon helped Alice repair her guitar，____________________(对此她十分感激)．(grateful)

答案： which she was very grateful for/for which she was very grateful

18．(2013·湖北省部分重点中学下学期联考)I tried two different methods，of________________________to work very well.(seem)

我试的两种不同的办法似乎都不太有效。

答案： which neither seemed

19．(2013·湖北省两所名校4月联考)As a middle school student，all______________________________is just to make every effort to study.(do)

作为一个中学生，你所应当做的就是竭尽全力地学习。

答案：(that)you should do

20．(2013·湖北省三所名校高三下学期调研)Suddenly it began to rain，__________________________our picnic had to be canceled.(result)

突然开始下雨了，因此我们的野餐计划只好取消。

答案： as a result of which

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

(2012·安徽省皖北协作区高三年级联考)

The reelection is won，so it’s no wonder Michelle Obama is looking for some relaxing entertainment to get through those four more years.And the First Lady of the United States is turning to British television to get her quick_fix.It has been reported that Michelle Obama is such a big fan of the hit show Downton Abbey that she turned to ITV bosses to try and get her hands on season three ahead of its official US release date.The Sun reports that the First Lady and the President didn’t want to wait until the series returned on US television on January 6.Michelle reportedly contacted ITV to ask to send her a few DVDs with new series，which they did，making sure the couple can cuddle up on the sofa to see the latest developments in between running the country of course.A source at ITV tells the newspaper，“We’d heard the Obamas liked to watch it but we were very surprised when someone from the First Lady’soffice got in touch asking for the series.They were very polite and we weremore than happy to sort out some DVDs to send over.” However，ITVsaid they hoped the Obamas could

keep a secret and not spoil the bigfinale for the rest of the overseas fans.The costume drama is very popular across the world and the audienceloves how typically British the show is.But the President is such a fanthat he even invited Downton Abbey stars Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern—the Earl and Countess of Grantham—to his White Housedinner for David Cameron in March.Meanwhile，British actor Damian Lewis recently revealed that the President is also a big fan of his show Homeland，and had also requested a signed DVD box of the American spy series.语篇解读 美国总统奥巴马和其夫人米歇尔爱看《唐顿庄园》，甚至向英国独立电视台索要《唐顿庄园》最新一季的DVD版。

1．What can we know from the text?

A．Michelle was turned down by ITV.B．Downton Abbey hasn’t returned on television.C．Michelle’s needs were satisfied.D．Michelle Obama turned to ITV herself.解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知，米歇尔的需求得到了满足。答案： C

2．What does “quick fix”in Paragraph 1 most nearly mean?

A．Good advice.C．An easy solution.B．A difficult situation.D．An act of understanding.解析： 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段可知，米歇尔等不及《唐顿庄园》第三季在美国1月份播出，向英国独立电视台主管索要该剧最新一季的DVD版，故答案是C项，米歇尔向英国电视台寻求解决办法。

答案： C

3．Which stars were invited to dinner in the White House?

A．Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern.B．The Earl and Countess of Grantham.C．David Cameron，Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern.D．David Cameron and the Earl and Countess of Grantham.解析： 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句中的“invited Downton Abbey stars Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern”可知应选A项。

答案： A

4．What can we learn about Downton Abbey from the text?

A．The Obamas like Downton Abbey as well as Homeland.B．The Obamas can enjoy the latest series in their spare time.C．Downton Abbey is an American spy series.D．Season three will be on UK television in January.解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“making sure the couple can cuddle up on the sofa to see the latest developments in between running the country of course”可推知B项正确。

答案： B

B

(2013·湖北省八市高三年级三月调考)

Humans aren’t the only species on the planet with a penchant for electronic gadgets(小配件)．Zookeepers across the US and Canada are discovering that apes also get excited about apps.As part of a program called “Apps for Apes”，12 zoos across the two countries have been introducing iPads into the entertainment time for orangutans(猩猩)，the giant furry red primates native to Indonesia and Malaysia.“We find that，similar to people，they like touching the tablet，watching short videos of David Attenborough for instance，and looking at other animals and orangutans，”said Richard Zimmerman，founding director of Orangutan Outreach，a non­profit program.Twice weekly orangutans are provided with access to the tablets.The animals spend 15 minutes to half an hour using different apps depending on their attention span.Apps designed for children that stimulate activities such as painting，music and memory games are among the most popular apps with the apes.“It is much like when we’re showing children pop­up books，” saidZimmerman，adding that the orangutans are among the most intelligentprimates，with the intelligence level of a young child.The program，which relies on donated iPads，will soon be expandingto zoos across Australia，New Zealand，Japan and Europe.语篇解读 美国和加拿大的动物饲养员发现，灵长类动物对人类使用的电子设备同样会上瘾。

5．The word “penchant” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to________.A．awareness

C．impressionB．addictionD．devotion

解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的一句话可知，美国和加拿大的动物饲养员发现类人猿在玩应用软件的时候也会很兴奋。因此人类不是地球上唯一喜欢电子设备的物种。

答案： B

6．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A．12 zoos are involved in the program in the US.B．Orangutans were originally found in Indonesia and Malaysia.C．Orangutan Outreach is a successful company which earns much money.D．All the animals in the zoo spend from 15 minutes to half an hour using different apps.解析： 正误判断题。根据第二段的“across the two countries”和第三段的“Orangutan Outreach，a non­profit program”以及第四段第一句可知A、C、D项错误。根据第二段的“the giant furry red primates native to Indonesia and Malaysia”可知B项正确。

答案： B

7．It can be concluded from the passage that________.A．the program has been successful in Europe

B．orangutans are nearly as smart as children of young ages

C．orangutans are the animals with thick shell

D．apps are designed for orangutans to stimulate activities such as painting and memory games

解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句可知该项目还将推广到欧洲；根据第二段可知这种动物是毛茸茸的(furry)动物；从文章对实验的叙述看，这些应用软件原本是人类使用的，而不是专门为organgutans设计的。因此A、C、D项错误。根据第五段可知这种动物是灵长类动物里最聪明的，其智商相当于小孩，因此B项正确。

答案： B

8．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A．Using apps for apes

B．Let’s help zoos

C．Wonderful zoos welcome you

D．A traditional program will expand

解析： 主旨大意题。全文介绍了科学家用一种猩猩做实验，证明猩猩也和人类一样，喜欢那些时尚的小电器，因此选A。

篇3：定语从句专题复习

一、分割定语从句 (朗读并翻译下列句子, 认真查看定语

从句的特点:

1.I was the only person in my off ice who was invited.

2.Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to see you ?

3.The day will surely come when everybody realizes the danger of pollution.

4.He arrived in Jinzhou in 1984, Where he became a manager some years later.

5.China has produced many great writers over the past ten years , among whom was Mo Yan.

要点归纳:分割定语从句, 先行词余定语从句被其他成分分割时, 首先要根据句子意义确定先行词和定语从句, 然后选择合适的关系词。

二、含有插入语的定语从句

1. Ahead of me I saw a woman who I thought was my aunt.

2.I will hire the man who they say is a good English speaker.

3.The girl who you suppose is honest is her sister.

要点归纳:关系词后含有插入语you think /suppose /believe/imagine/say/guess等地定语从句中, 确定关系词在从句中的成分时, 要先去掉插入语, 然后再确定句子成分, 不要受插入语的影响。

三、定语从句与并列从句的区别

1.MR Li has three daughters, none of whom is an engineer.

2.Mr Li has three daughters, but none of them is a dancer.

3.Mr Li has three daughters; none/they are doctors.

要点归纳:并列句用but , and, 或分号连接;定语句子用关系词来引导, 关系词具有两个作用, 一是放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接主语和从句的作用, 二时充当从句的一个成分。

四、where定语从句where状语从句的区别

1.He left the key where he had been an hour before . (状语从句)

2.He left the place where lived for many years. (定语从句)

3.Rice grows well where there is enough water. (状语从句)

4.I still remember the farm where/on which my parents worked the years ago. (定语从句)

要点归纳:where引导的定语从句用来修饰表示地点意义的名词或代词, 可以改成介词+which;where引导的地点状语从句用来修饰动词, 表示动作发生或存在的地点, 不可以改成介词+which;做题时, 先根据句意确定有无先行词。如有, 是定语从句, 无则是状语从句。

五、定语从句与强调句的区别

1.It is on the morning of May 1st that I met John at the airport. (强调句)

2.It is the factory where /in which John works. (定语从句)

3.It is in Qingdao you’re going to pay a visit to that this kind of washing machine is produced . (强调句)

4.It was in Beihai Park where they made a date for the first time that the old couple told us their love story. (强调句)

5.——Wasn’t it Doctor Wang who spoke to you just now?

——Yes, it was. (定语从句)

要点归纳:定语从句去掉it be …that句子不完整;强调句去掉it be …that句子完整。有时强调句还以省略形式出现例如2就是省略了强调句。

六、定语从句与结果状语从句的区别

1.I have the same computer as you have. (定语从句)

2.She is such a kind girl that all of us like to make friends with her. (结果状语从句)

3.He is such a good teacher as we all love and respect. (定语从句)

4.He is such a good teacher that we all love and respect him. (结果状语从句)

要点归纳:such/the same …as中, as是关系代词, 其后句子不完整。as在从句中充当成分 (主语, 宾语或表语) ;such…that结果状语从句中, 其后句子是完整的, that只起连接作用。

七、that引导同位语从句与that引导定语从句区别

1.The text tells me a fact (that) I have already known. (定语从句)

2 . T h e t e x t t e l l s m e a f a c t t h a t s m o k i n g d o e s h a r m t o people’s health. (同位语从句)

3.The news that he told me yesterday made me surprised. (定语从句)

4.The news that he had passed the exam made me surprised. (同位语从句)

要点归纳: t h a t连接同位语从句常放在抽象名词 (news, fact, idea, suggestion , advice, hope) 等之后, 表明抽象名词具体内容, 中间加be可以理解。同位语从句本身句子完整, that无意义, 只起连接作用, 不在从句中作任何成分, 不能省略, 也不可用which代替;that引导定语从句, 定语从句句子不完整, that是关系代词, 它在从句中不但起连接作用, 同时在从句中做成分 (主语, 宾语或表语) , 做宾语时可以省略, 指物时还可以用which代替, 指人时常用who代替。

八、it, was与that三种句型的转换

1.What is well known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games were a great success.

2.It is well known to us all that the 2008 Olympic Games were a great success.

3.As is well known to us all, the 2008 Olympic Games were a great success.

九、结束语

篇4：定语从句专题复习

关系代词指代内容所做成分关系副词指代内容所做成分

who人主、宾语when=介词+which时间时间状语

whom人宾语where=介词+which地点地点状语

which物主、宾语why=for which 原因原因状语

/人和物宾语how方式方式状语

that人和物主、宾、表语

whose人和物定语

as人和物主、宾、表语

【口诀】完成定语从句四部曲：先行、完整、成分、定

（1）先行：找出先行词。

（2）完整：分析定语从句是不是完整的句子，若不是完整的句子，用关系代词，若是完整的句子，用关系副词。

（3）成分：看先行词在定语从句中的成分

（4）定：确定合适的关系词。

考点二:that和which不能互换的定语从句

1.只用that不用which的情况

【口诀】代、高、序、恰、表、人和物

①代：先行词为不定代词或被不定代词修饰；②高：先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰；

③序：先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰；④恰：先行词被the very, the just, the only修饰；

⑤表：先行词在从句中作表语；⑥人和物：先行词既有人又有物。

［2010全国卷II,16］ I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault.

2.只用which不用that的情况

【口诀】that两不去：逗号后面它不去，介词后面它不去

［2010江苏南京市三模］Our teacher urges us to form a good habit of learning, which we think will benefit us in the long term.

考点三：介词+ which引导的定语从句

【口诀】一先二动三形容四复合五省略

一先：一看先行词；二动：二看定语从句的谓语动词；三形容：三看定语从句的相关形容词;四复合：介词of前有many, both, some等来修饰，构成介词+ which的复合结构；五省略：这种结构中的定语从句可以改为动词不定式。

［2010陕西西工大附中4次训练］People have lots of problems living in the central Australian desert, of which the lack of water is the most serious one.

［2010高考英语上海秋季卷,38］Wind power is an ancient source of energyto which we may return in the near future.

考点四：whose引导的定语从句

当先行词和从句中的名词构成所属关系时用whose，whose=of which+the+n.= the+n.+ of which

［2010北京西城二模］I need to call my friend David in whose coat I walked off by mistake yesterday.

［2010江蘇32］The newly built café, the walls of which are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.

考点五：as引导的定语从句

【口诀】限制非限制，还有一个看搭配

限制：限制性定语从句中，构成as…as; the same…as; such…as

非限制：非限制性定语从句中，指代主句一整句话，位于主句前后皆可。表“正如”。

搭配：固定搭配，如：as we all know, as is mentioned above, as is often the case

［2010全国大联考（新课标）］ As is known to all, the earth travels round the sun once every year．

考点六：模糊地点的定语从句

当先行词是case , stage, situation, position, scene, point等，从句是完整的一句话，用地点副词where.

［2010河北石家庄市二模］It was reported that a girl suddenly got into a strange situation where she was unable to speak.

考点七：分隔式定语从句

有时定语从句被插入语、谓语、同位语等成分分隔，做题时要忽略干扰成分，找到先行词。

［2010河北石家庄市一模］An earthquake happened in Haiti on Jan.12,2010, which many countries in the world paid close attention to.

考点八：定语从句与强调句结合

［2010安徽27］It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village that the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.

篇5：中考定语从句讲解与专题训练

被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句通常跟在先行词之后，由关系词（that, which, who, whom, whose等）引出，因此，定语从句有可称为关系分句。Eg.The woman who is standing by the classroom is our English teacher.站在教室旁边的那个女人是我们的英语老师。

This is the room where Lu Xun once lived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房间。关系代词引导的定语从句

1.who 代替人 作用：1.做主语 eg.The girl who plays the piano well is her daughter.那个弹钢琴的女孩是她的女儿。

2.作表语 eg.He is no longer the man who he used to be.他不再是以前那个人了。

2.whom 代替人 作用： 1.动词宾语 eg.He is the very man whom I want to see.他正是我想要见的那个人。

2.介词宾语 eg.The man with whom she was traveling is her boyfriend.跟她一起旅行的那个人是她的男朋友。

3.whose 代替人或物 作用：从句中某名词的定语。

Eg.She is looking after the little child whose parents have gone to London.她在照看其父母去了伦敦的那个小孩。

He lives in the room whose windows face south.他住在窗户面朝南的那个房间。3.that 代替人或物 作用：

1.主语

eg.The man that is speaking at the meeting is a famous scientist.在会上讲话的那个男人是一个著名的科学家。

The train that has just left is for Shanghai.刚刚离开的火车是开往上海的。

2.宾语

eg.Is this the teacher that you talked about yesterday.这就是你昨天谈到的那位老师吗？

Is this the photo that you took last year?

这是你去年照的照片吗？ 3表语

eg.She is no longer the girl that she was in her childhood.她不再是她童年时代的那个女孩了。

My hometown is not a polluted place that you think it to be.我的家乡不是像你认为的一个污染的地方。4.which 代替物 作用：

1．主语

eg.The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。2.宾语 eg.The computer which I wanted to buy was sold out.我想要买的那种电脑卖完了。3.表语

eg.She was fond of dancing, which her brother never was.她喜欢跳舞，她弟弟从不喜欢。一些具体用法

1.用who 代替whom 在从句中作宾语，主要用于口语。

2.在口语中，who，whom，which 在从句中作动词宾语时常常省去。

Eg.The boy(whom)I mentioned is his son.我刚提到的那个男孩是他的儿子。

3.当关系代词紧跟介词，做介词宾语时，不可用that，只能用whom 或 which。但是当街次位于定语从句句末时，可用that，也可以省去。关系代词whom和which 作介词的宾语时，介词可以放在关系代词之前，也可以放在定语从句的动词之后。如果介词放在前，则whom和which 不可省，如果放在动词之后，则可以省去。固定词组的介词不能前置。Eg.This is the house in which we lived last year.= This is the house(that where)we lived in last year.这就是我们去年住的房子。

This is the person(whom)you are looking for.这就是不要找的那个人。4.在下面几种情况下必须用that引导作定语从句。

1.先行词是不定代词，如：all, few, little, much, everything, nothing, anything, none等。

Eg.Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?

有什么你想要在商店买的吗？

2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级。

Eg.This is the best movie that I’ve ever seen.这是我看到的最好的电影。

3.先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some, the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。Eg.I have read all the books(that)you gave me.我读了你给我的所有的书。

He is the only person that I want to talk to.他就是我想要谈话的那个人。

4.当并列的先行词表示人和物时。

Eg.They are talking about things and persons that they remembered.他们在谈论他们所能回忆起来的人和事。

5.在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，为了避免重复用that。

Eg.Who is the girl that is crying?

正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

Which of the books that borrowed from the library is yours?

从图书馆借的哪一本书是你的？

6.主句以there be 开头。

Eg.There is a seat in the corner that is still free.在那个角落还有个作为空着。

注：关系副词引导的定语从句和非限定性定语从句为自习内容。

配套练习

一．用正确的关系代词填空。

篇6：中考英语定语从句复习

在复合句中修饰或限定名词、代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰或限定的名词、代词叫做先行词;引导定语从句的词叫做引导词。定语从句放在所修饰、限定的词(先行词)之后。

例1：The boy who is reading a story book is my brother.

那个正在读一本故事书的男孩是我的兄弟。

在这句话中，who is reading a story book.是定语从句。它修饰、限定the boy，the boy是先行词，引导定语从句的who是引导词。

定语从句的分类

定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面，用来说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况，与先行词的关系非常密切，翻译时一般要译到先行词的前面;如果去掉，则整个句子的意思含混不清。

A doctor is a person who looks after peoples health. 医生是照顾人们健康的人。

非限制性定语从句起到补充说明作用，译为汉语时常不译作定语，而是根据句意译为相应的其他形式的从句。它与主句的关系不如限制性定语从句密切，只是对先行词作附加说明，既使去掉，主句的意思依然清楚。非限制性定语从句前往往有逗号与主句隔开，如非限制性定语从句放在句子中间，其前后都需要用逗号与隔开。

Yesterday, Jimmy left for Canada, where he had stayed two years.

昨天，吉米动身到加拿大去了，他曾在那儿呆了两年。

定语从句的引导词

引导定语从句的词称为引导词，它一方面连接先行词和定语从句;别一方面又在定语从句中充当句子成份，如例1中的who，以定语从句中作主语。引导词一般不能按照疑问代词或疑问副词的意义进行翻译，一般情况下应译为“……的”。定语从句的引导词可为分为关系代词和关系副词。

I. 关系代词

关系代词代替的是表示人或物的名词或代词，并且在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成份。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。关系代词在从句是作宾语时常可省略。常见的关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

1. 当先行词指人时，使用who或whom，如果在从句中作主语，则用who;作宾语，则用whom，但在口语中，常可用who代替whom，也可以省略。Whom 作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。

The boy who can play basketball well is our monitor.

那个篮球打得好的男孩是我们的班长。

The man (whom) we met at the school gate is an English teacher.

我们在学校门口遇到的那个人是一位英语教师。

The woman to whom you talked is Kangkang`s mother. =

The woman (whom) you talked to is Kangkang`s mother

那位与你谈话的妇女是康康的妈妈。

2. 当先行词指物时，使用which，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时常可省略。Which 作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。

The books which were bought last week will be sent to poor children.

上周买的那些书将被送给贫困孩子。

He gave me the ball (which) we bought last week. 他把我们上周买的球给了我。

Dont bring children to see the animals of which they are afraid. =

Dont bring children to see the animals (which) they are afraid of.

不在带孩子去看那些他们害怕的动物。

3. Whose 引导的定语从句的先行词可以是人也可以是物，whose在从句中作定语。Whose 作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。

The man whose coat is blue is cleaning the room. 那个穿蓝上衣的人在打扫房间。

The book whose cover is red is an English book. 那本红色封面的书是一本英语书。

The boss in whose factory I worked is a very kind person. =

The boss whose factory I worked in is a very kind person.

我工作的那个工厂的老板是一个非常和善的人。

4. that引导的定语从句的先行词既可指人也可指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。that在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词一般不放在它的前面。

The new job that I found was to be a teacher. 我新找的工作是当老师。

He is the teacher that we met at the bus stop.

他就是我们昨天在公共汽车站遇到的那位老师。

The village that he lives in is very far away. 他所居住的村子非常远。

关系代词在定语从句中作短语动词的宾语时，此时关系代词前的介词应是短语动词固定搭配中的那一个介词。

This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。

5. 当先行词指人时that一般可以与who 通用;当先行词指物时，that一般可以与which通用。但是当先行词符合下列条件之一时，只能用that.

⑴ 当先行词指物为不定代词时，只用that引导定语从句。

Ive forgotten everything that I learnt at school. 我在学校学的东西我全忘记了。

⑵ 当先行词是最高级或被最高级所修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。

This is the best way that we can raise money. 这是我们可以筹钱的最好方法。

⑶ 当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。

He is the first person that I met this morning. 他是我今天早上见到的第一个人。

⑷ 当先行词被only, very, just, last, one of, all no, little, few, any等词修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。

It is one of the beautiful views that I have seen. 这是我所见到的最美的风景之一。

⑸ 当先行词既有人又有物时，只能用that引导定语从句。

We talked the things and persons that we were interested in.

我们谈论我们感兴趣的人和事。

⑹ 如果有两个从句，其中一个用了who (which)来引导，则另一个用that以避免重复。

He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.

他建造了工厂要生产一些我们以前没见过的东西。

⑺ 当先行词被the only, the very, the some, the last等词修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。

This is the last place that I want to visit. 这是我想参观的最后一个地方。

6. 当先行词指物时，that一般可以与which通用。但是当先行词符合下列条件之一时，只能用which.

⑴ 当作主语或宾语的关系代词前有介词时，只能用which.

This is the house of which the windows face south. 这是那间窗户朝南的房子。

⑵ 在引导非限制性定语从句时，which可代表先行词或前面的一句话，译成“这一点，这件事”。

He passed the exam, which made us very happy. 他通过了考试，这使得我们非常高兴。

⑶ 先行词为that, those时，引导词用which.

Whats that which on the table? 桌子上是什么?

7. 当先行词指人时that一般可以与who 通用。但是当先行词符合下列条件之一时，只能用who.

⑴ 当先行词是one, ones, anyone, those指代人时， 只能用who.

Anyone who does that must be mad. 谁那样做一定是疯了。

⑵ 在there be 结构中，先行词是人时，只能用who.

There is a girl who is waiting for you. 有个女孩在等你。

⑶ 当先行词是人，后面有较长的修饰语时，只用who.

I met a friend of mine who had got three gold medals in the Asian Games.

昨天我在公园见到一个朋友，他在亚运会上得到了三枚金牌。

⑷ 当先行词是I, you, he ,they等时(常用于谚语中)，只用who.

He who plays with fire gets burned. 玩火自焚。

II. 关系副词

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。常用关系副词有why, when, where.

1.when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。也可以用“介词+关系代词”代替when, 这时的介词一般为in, at, on等。

Ill never forget the day when (on which) I first come here.

我永远都不会忘记我第一次到这儿的那天。

2.where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。也可以用“介词+关系代词”代替where, 这时的介词一般为表示方位的at, in , on, beside等。

This is the room where (in which) he lived last year. 这是他去年住过的房间。

3.why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。也可以用“介词+关系代词”代替why, 这时的介词一般为for。

Thats the reason why (for which) he was late for school. 这就是他上学迟到的原因。

4.that 可用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。

This is the place (that / where / in which) he works. 这是他工作的地方。

非限制性定语从句

关系代词和关系副词在非限制性定语从句中的应用与在限制性定语从句中类似。先行词为人时，用who, whom, whose;先行词为物时，用which。 that不用于非限制性定语从句中。

Mary has a brother, who is an engineer. 玛丽有一个兄弟，他是一位工程师。

She has six cousins, three of whom lived to grow up.

她有六个表兄弟，其中三个已经长大成人了。

The children are taught by a 32-year-old Englishman, whose wife is an American.

孩子们的老师是一位32岁的英国人，他的妻子是美国人。

非限制性定语从句也可以由where或when 引起。

Last week we visited Hangzhou, where there is a beautiful lake.

上周我们游览了杭州，那儿有一个美丽的湖。

We will put off the party until next week, when we wont be so busy.