定语从句精讲以及五十题

定语从句精讲以及五十题（通用2篇）

篇1：定语从句精讲以及五十题

1、 定语从句在句中修饰某个名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句需用下列关联词：

关系代词 关系副词

起连词作用，本身做从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语 起连词作用，本身在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语

who, whom, that, whose, which, as when, where, why

2、 掌握以上关系代词、关系副词的含义及使用时，要特别注意以下几点：

1) 指人时宜用who 的情况：

a. 当先行词是 one, ones, anyone 或 those 时，关系代词用 who。

Anyone who goes there will be punished.

b. 在there be 开头的句子中。

There’s a beautiful girl who came to see you this morning.

c. 先行词后有一个较长的定语。

I met a foreigner in the city last week who could speak Chinese well.

d. 在非限定性定语从句中。

She has a brother, who worked at that factory ten years ago.

2) 指物时宜用 that 的情况：

a. 当先行词为 all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时。All that can be done has been done.

b. 当先行词既指人又指物时。

He spoke of the men and the thing (that) he had seen abroad.

c. 当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。

This is one of the best films that I have ever seen.

d. 当先行词被 the very, the only, the last, any, every 等修饰时。

This is one of the very book that I am looking for.

e. 当先行词是疑问词 who, what, which 时。

Who that has such a home doesn’t love it?

f. 关系代词在从句中作表语。

Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.

3) 只能用 which 不能用 that 的情况。

a. 引导非限定性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子。

Bruce went towards the fire, which was still smoking.

Tom came back late, which made his parents very angry.

b. 关系代词作介词的宾语。This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.

4) 关系代词 as 和which都能引导非限定性定语从句代表整个句子的内容，as

引导的从句可位于句首或句末，which引导的定语从句则不能位于句首。

Which you know, he is a good man. (×)

As you know, he is a good man. (√)

6)关系副词when, where, why其含义相当于on which, in which for which等，可以互换：

The day when /on which I met him first was May 1st.

I don’t know the reason why /for which he didn’t come.

7)whose指物时，可以与of which等结构互换，但应注意与冠词的位置关系：

This is the book the cover of which / of which the cover / whose cover is blue.

8)有时可用代替关系副词。在口语中常省略。

This is the reason (why / for which / that) he came late.

9)先行词是专有名词、整个句子或世界上独一无二的物质名词时，一般用非限定性定语从句修饰。The sun, which gives us light and heat, is very big.

10)在先行词和定语从句之间有无逗号有时会引起名义的变化：

He said nothing that made her angry. 他没说使她生气的话。

He said nothing, which made her angry. 他一言不发，这使她很生气。

3、 定语从句与强调结构

It is the place where they lived before.

It is in the place that they lived before.

第一个句子为定语从句，where指代the place，在定语从句中作状语，第二个句子为强调结构，强调in the place, that没有意义，把放回后面句子，句子意思完整。

Where is it that he found the lost watch? (强调句型，强调疑问副词where.)

Where is the watch he found yesterday? (定语从句，that指代the watch.)

4、 定语从句中的先行词

Is this book the one that you bought yesterday?

Is this the book that you bought yesterday?

第一个句子中，this book是主句的主语，the one是先行词。在第二个句子中this是主句的主语，the book是先行词。一定要避免出现：Is this book that you bought yesterday?

5、 定语从句与同位语从句

定语从句相当于形容词，它对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用，而同位语从句则相当于名词，对其前面的词给予说明或作进一步解释，即说明该词所表示的具体内容。例如：

The news that we heard is not true. (定语从句)

The news that he won the prize is not true. (同位语从句)

另: 在“have no idea +从句”结构中，其从句都作idea的同位语。例如：

I have no idea when she will be back.

定语从句专项练习

1. I shall never forget those years ___________ I lived in the country with the farmers, _________ has a great effect on my life.

A. that; which B. when; which C. which; that D. when; who

2. Wilma became the first American woman to win three Olympic gold medals in track, _______ made her mother very proud.

A. it B. that C. which D. this

3. Can you tell me the name of the factory ____________ you visited last week?

A. what B. where C. / D. when

4. I don’t like the way ___________ you speak to her.

A. / B. in that C. which D. of which

5. The most important thing __________ we should pay attention to is the first thing ______ I have said.

A. which; that B. that; which C. which; which D. that; that

6. She spent the whole evening talking about the things and persons __________ none of us has ever heard of.

A. which B. who C. whom D. that

7. He never reads anything _________ is not worth reading.

A. which B. as C. who D. that

8. I have bought such a watch ___________ was advertised on TV.

A. that B. which C. as D. it

9. _______ was expected, he failed in the exam.

A. That B. As C. Which D. It

10. I can never forget the day _________ we worked together and the day ________ we spent together.

A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when

11. The children climbed up the hill, _________ they picnicked.

A. on its top B. on the top of it C. on whose top D. on the top of that

12. I still remember the day __________ I first came to the college.

A. on which B. in which C. at which D. which

13. They will never forget the day _________ they got married.

A. that B. which C. in which D. when

14. He makes good use of the time _________ he can spare.

A. when B. that C. in that D. in which

15. The factory ___________ his mother works is in the east of the city.

A. that B. which C. on which D. where

16. The place _________ interested me most was the Children’s Palace.

A. which B. where C. what D. in which

17. That is the reason ________ he wasn’t here yesterday.

A. why B. which C. on which D. in which

18. That is the reason ________ he can’t say.

A. why B. that C. what D. in which

19. You have no idea _________ worried I was.

A. how B. however C. that D. where

高考试题选练

1. The film brought the hours back to me __________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.

A. until B. that C. when D. where

2. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _________ was true.

A. he B. this C. which D. who

3. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _________ was very reasonable.

A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose

4. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, ________ leading actor is world famous.

A. is B. it’s C. whose D. which

5. The famous basketball star, _______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.

A. where B. when C. which D. who

6. The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.

A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which

7. ________ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

8. I work in a business ________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.

A. how B. which C. where D. that

9. Anyway, that evening, _________ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.

A. when B. where C. what D. which

10. There were dirty marks on her trousers ________ she had wiped her hands.

A. where B. which C. when D. that

篇2：定语从句考点精讲精练

一、概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的句子（从句）叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句作定语位置在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的引导词

引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who（宾格whom, 所有格whose）和关系副词when, where, why。关系代词或关系副词在先行词和定语从句之间起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。

A、关系代词的用法

1.that指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。例如：

His father works in a factory that makes TV sets.

他父亲在一家制造电视的工厂工作。（作主语指物）

The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.

我放在课桌上的那件外衣是蓝色的。（作宾语，可省略）

1) A robot is a machine ____ can do some difficult work instead of

man.(2006连云港市)

A. whoB. /C. thatD. what

2) There are lots of things ____ I need to do before I leave tonight. (2006福建漳州)

A. thatB. whoC. whyD. what

Key:1)C 2)A

2.which指物，不指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。例如：

Who was hurt in the accident which happened yesterday?

谁在昨天的事故中受伤了？（which指物，作主语，不可省略）

The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.

我们昨天看的那部电影很精彩。（which指物，作宾语，可省略）

——What do you know about the world’s population?

——I know China and India are the countries ____ more than one

billion.(2005辽宁省)

A. with a population ofB. with populations

C. that have populations ofD. which have a population of

Key: D

注意：which与that指物时可互换，但that比which更常见，尤其是在口语中。但要注意that可用来指人，而which则不能指人。例如：

The girl which often helps me with my English is from America. (错)

The girl that often helps me with my English is from America. (对)

3.who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。例如：

The teacher who spoke at the meeting just now is having a rest in his office.

刚才在会上讲话的那位教师正在办公室休息。（作主语，不可省略）

He knows the writer (who) we met yesterday.

他认识昨天我们见到的那位作家。（作宾语，可省略）

——Is the girl ____ is interviewing the manager of that company your

friend?

——Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV.(2006天津)

A. whomB. whichC. whoD. whose

Key: C

4.whom指人，为who的宾格形式，在定语从句中只作宾语，其前没有介词时可用who替代使用，也可省略。例如：

That is the man (whom/who/that) Xiao Wang talked to just now.

那就是刚才与小王谈话的男人。（作宾语，可省略）

The doctor with whom he went to Australia last month is very famous. 上个月与他一起去澳大利亚的那位医生非常著名。（作宾语，介词with提到了whom之前，whom在这里不可省略，也不可用who替代）

5.whose指人或物，在从句中作定语。指物时常可用of which替代。例如：

The building whose roof we can see from here is a hotel.

在我们这儿望得见房顶的那座房子是一家旅馆。

The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident. 金先生工作的那个部门老板已听说了这起事故。

注意：在定语从句中常有介词。当介词放在从句句末时，who/that/which仍然可省略。但把介词提到关系代词前时，只能用介词+which/whom结构，这时which也不能用that来代替。例如：

The room (that/which) I live in is very clean.

=The room in which I live is very clean. (不可用that)

=The room where I live is very clean. (where=in which)

我住的房间很干净。

只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句：

1. 定语从句所修饰的先行词被形容词最高级所修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。例如：

It is the most interesting novel (that) I have ever read.

这是我曾经读过的最有趣的小说。

2. 定语从句所修饰的先行词被序数词所修饰时, 只能用that引导定语从句。例如：

The boys like the second lesson that is about “The football match”.

男孩们喜欢第二课，第二课是关于足球赛的。

3． 定语从句所修饰的先行词被the only, the very或the same 所修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。例如：

Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?

我刚才买的那本书在哪儿？