英文论文作者格式

2024-05-02

英文论文作者格式(通用15篇)

篇1:英文论文作者格式

作者简介格式

姓名(出生年-),性别,民族(汉族可不写),某省某市(县)人(籍贯),现职称/职务,何年何月毕业于何校何专业,最高学历,现主要从事的工作或研究的方向。通讯地址:

联系电话:(最好同时留手机及办公电话):

郑振择(1898—1958)笔名西谛、郭源新。原籍福建省长乐县,生于浙江省XX县。1917年入北京铁路管理学校学习。“五四”运动爆发后,他和瞿秋白、耿济之、许地山等人创办《新社会》杂志,正式开始从事社会活动和文学活动。1921年,和茅盾、叶圣陶等人共同发起成立文学研究会,并主编文学研究会的机关刊物《文学旬刊》。1921年进上海商务印书馆编译所负责编辑文学研究会丛书。1922年创办中国最早的儿童刊物《儿童世界》。次年起主编《小说月报》。

主要讲作者的姓名,性别,民族,出生年月,还有他的一些经历。

篇2:英文论文作者格式

Long Yingtai, was born in February 13, 1952 in Taiwan Kaohsiung County Township Village Da Liao, modern writers, “the Minister of culture of the Republic of china”.In 1974 graduated from the Department of foreign languages of National Cheng Kung University, went to school after American, Kansas State University, British and American literature. In 1988 moved to Germany, a professor at University of Frankfurt. 1994, published “in Europe”. in , her three book “,” Shanghai man “, the turmoil of the world”, “Hometown” in Shanghai have issued a. , Long Yingtai served as director of the Taipei Municipal Bureau of culture first. In , a professor at University of Hong Kong, was named outstanding humanities scholars Qiao Ling beam. November 15, , Long Yingtai to 2600000 yuan royalty income, on the writer rich list sixteenth, causing widespread concern.In December 5, , officially retiring Taiwan “Minister of culture”.

篇3:《作者简介》书写格式要求

根据有关部门制定的杂志编排规范的要求,本刊所刊稿件均要有“作者简介”项,敬请作者(多作者为第一作者)在投稿时提供相关信息,格式如下:姓名(出生年-),性别,民族(汉族可省略),籍贯,学位,职称/职务,简历,研究方向或分管业务。

摘要:<正>根据有关部门制定的杂志编排规范的要求,本刊所刊稿件均要有“作者简介”项,敬请作者(多作者为第一作者)在投稿时提供相关信息,格式如下:姓名(出生年-),性别,民族(汉族可省略),籍贯,学位,职称/职务,简历,研究方向或分管业务。

篇4:英文书信的格式你知道吗?

英文信包括信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束语和签名六个部分。比中文信多了一个信头,而信头包括两项:写信人的地址和写信的日期。写时是先写地址再写日期。在写地址时要注意哟,和中文写法有点不同,是先小后大,也就是说,第一行写门牌号及街道名,第二行写区名、市名、省名。寄往国外还要记得在第三行加上国家名,日期是写在地址的下方。如:

江西省赣州市文清路65号(邮编341000),英文写法是:

65 Wenqing Road

Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000

China

信内还有个地址,它是指收信人的姓名、职业、单位和地址,且位于信纸的左上角,比信头低一二行就行了,其顺序是先写收信人的姓名与头衔,再写地址。有时信内的地址常省略。其它部分和中文格式没多大区别,但要注意,称呼关系密切的要加上dear,如:Dear Tom。而不太熟悉的可加上Mr.,Mrs.或 Prof.如:Prof. Green,后要用逗号。正文只要行文流畅,传情达意,字迹清楚。结束语放在正文的下一二行右下。首字母大写,别忘了加个逗号。常用的有:Yours/Yours sincerely/Yours faithfully/Yours respectfully。签名时如果不是特别亲密,一般要用全名。例如:

Ganxian High School

Jiaoyu Road

Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341100

China

June 26, 2007

Dear Liu Xin,

I was glad to receive your letter.

……………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………

Best wishes for you.

Yours sincerely,

Lee Xiaoming

最后,还有个信封(envelope)。英语的信封和中文的一样,由三部分组成,即发信人地址、收信人地址和邮票。只不过英语信封的格式除了邮票所贴的位置(信封的右上角)和中文的一样外,英语信封上要写的发信人和收信人的地址和中文的大不一样。发信人的地址应写在信封的左上角,收信人的地址应写在信封偏中右偏下处,如:

Liu Fanghua

Bayi Road

Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 340069

Sun Yihua

Hongqi Middle School

Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510902

篇5:英文简历标准格式格式(推荐)

tsinghua university, beijing 100084

(010)62771234 email:good@tsinghua.edu.com

zheng yan

------------------

objective

to obtain a challenging position as a software engineer with an emphasis in software design and development.------------------

education

1997.9-2000.6 dept.of automation,graduate school of tsinghua university, m.e.1993.9-1997.7 dept.of automation,beijing insititute of technology,b.e.academic main courses

mathematics

advanced mathematics probability and statistics linear algebra

engineering mathematics numerical algorithm operational algorithm

functional analysis linear and nonlinear programming

electronics and computer

circuit principal data structures digital electronics

artificial intelligence computer local area network

computer abilitees

skilled in use of ms frontpage, win 95/nt, sun, javabeans, html, cgi, javascript, perl, visual interdev, distributed objects, corba, c, c++, project 98, office 97, rational requisitepro, process,pascal, pl/i and sql software

english skills

have a good command of both spoken and written english.past cet-6, toefl:623;gre: 2213

scholarships and awards

1999.3 guanghua first-class scholarship for graduate

1998.11 metal machining practice award

1997.4 academic progress award

qualifications

general business knowledge relating to financial, healthcare

篇6:名人名言英文版有作者

要善于处世,不要老于世故。———夸尔斯

Thoughtfulness is the first skill one should learn———Lv Kun

肯替别人想,是第一学问。———吕 坤

The smallest actual good is better than the most magnificent promises of impossibilities ———Thomas Babington Macaulay

最微小的实际好处也比无法实现的最堂而皇之的许诺强。———麦考莱

To accomplish something is the “supreme state of life”———(Germany) Engels

有所作为是“生活中的最高境界”。———[德国]恩格斯

Sow an act, and you reap a habitSow a habit, and you reap a characterSow a character, and you reap a destiny———Charles Reade

行为发展成习惯,习惯发展为性格,性格伴随人的一生。———里德

If we open a quarrel between the past and the present, we shall find that we have lost the future ———Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill

如果我们对过去和现在纠缠不休,那么我们就会发现,我们丧失了未来。———丘吉尔

one thorn of experience is worth a whole wilderness of warning. (james russell lowell, british poet and critic)

一次痛苦的经验抵得上千百次的告诫。(英国诗人、批评家 洛威尔 .j. r .)

practical wisdom is only to be learned in the school of experience. (samuel smiles, british writer)

实用的知识只有通过亲身体验才能学到。(英国作家 斯迈尔斯 . s .)

proverbs are short sentences drawn from long experience. (miguel de cervantes, spanish writer)

谚语是从长期经验中获得的短句。(班牙作家 塞万提斯.m.)

the tragedy of the world is that those who are imaginative have but slight experience, and those who are experienced have feeble imaginations. (alfred north whitehead, british philosopher and nathematician)

世界的悲剧就在于有想象力又缺乏经验,而有经验的人又缺乏想象力。(英国哲学家、数学家 怀特海 .a . n.)

the great difficulty in education is to get experience out of ideas. (grorge santayana, spain-born american philosopher and poet)

教育之艰苦在于从意念中获得经验。(西班牙裔美国哲学家、诗人 桑塔亚那.g.)

the greatest lesson in life is to know that even fools are right sometimes. (winston churchill. british statesman)

篇7:英文论文作者格式

×××同志:

二O一二工程试验中心先进工作者

中铁隧道集团有限公司工程试验中心

党政工团

篇8:中英文信封格式书写差异的再思考

关键词:信封书写,邮政历史,文化差异

0 引言

中英文信封书写格式有很大的差异。中文信封先写收信人地址,从国家、省、市、城区、街道、门牌号,最后才写收信的人的姓名。而英文信封先写收信的人,然后才是门牌号、街道、城区、市、省、国家。两种信封写法前后顺序刚好相反。有学者认为这种格局反映了中西方思维方式的差异:中国人考虑问题习惯于从大到小,由远及近,而西方人则反之;正是这种思维的差异导致了中西方信封书写上的不同格局。(张业菊,2006)笔者对这种文化角度的解释不能认同。特从英汉语言角度和中西邮政史角度提出不同的看法,以活跃学坛。

1 英汉语言习惯

英汉信封书写格式的不同并不是由所谓“中国人考虑问题是从大到小,由远及近;而西方人考虑问题是从小到大,由近到远”的思维模式不同引起的。因为这种思维模式二元对立的命题很难成立。在现实中,中国人考虑问题从小到大,由近及远的例子俯拾即是。反之亦然,西方人也不尽是思考问题从小到大,从近到远。那么,中西方信封格式为何有这种差异呢,笔者认为这应从英汉两种语言的语法特点的层面做出解释。

汉语和英语在书写中最大的不同在于修饰语位置的不同。这种差异,反映在信封的书写上,就形成了在英汉信封书写格局的不同。在英语里,短小的修饰语一般放在被修饰名词的前面。如:President Barack Obama.但是,如果修饰成分稍长,则往往采用所有格,同位语或定语从句的形式,将修饰部分后置。比如,英语常用of构成表示无生命的名词的所有格,其词序和汉语习惯正相反。如:the gate of our school,或the windows of the house。其中被修饰的在前,修饰语在后。在某些固定搭配中,形容词作定语也常常后置,比如:“Secretary General(秘书长,总干事)”。英语表示“坐在我身旁的姑娘是我表妹”这句话,将姑娘一词放在前边,然后具体说明是怎样的姑娘,形成“The girl sitting by my side is my cousin.”这样的句式。英语“The young man has read all kinds of books,ancient and modern,Chinese and foreign.”这句话中,古、今、中、外用来修饰“书”时都放在所修饰语之后。此外,还常用which引导的定语从句后置来修饰或定义名词事物。“这是要搬进城里的一家人”这句汉语,在英语可以这样表达:“This is the family which is planning to move to the city.”英语修饰语后置是英语不同于汉语的一大特色。只要有需要界定的词汇,概念,事物出现,都可以把修饰语放在后边。这种特色使得英语在表达上较之汉语有一定的优势。一句话出来能够边写,边思考,边修饰。这样句子可以写的很长,甚至一直写下去。在汉语里,古汉语中有些定语后置的情况,现代汉语一般都将修饰语放置在所修饰名词之前。因此在写作上,下笔前头脑中要对词汇进行更多的排序,然后下笔。如果修饰语与被修饰事物之间只是两个词汇,这种排序并不费劲,但是在修饰语多的情况下,排序绝对成了必要。比如,要对“菩萨”一词进行修饰,要给他加一些头衔。汉语的正常语序是“南无大慈大悲救苦救难广大灵感观世音菩萨”。又如,明代正德皇帝好武,将国家大事视为儿戏,自封为“总督军务威武大将军总兵官太师镇国公朱寿”。以上英汉举例,说明了英汉两种语言的修饰语和被修饰语之间的语序关系特点。

写信封地址无论中西其实本不存在思维上“从大到小”或“从小到大”的思维方式问题。中西方信封写法的差异其实源于两种语言语序习惯的不同。设令中西二人同写两信,而信封封面上只能写一个字或词。那么这个字或词肯定都是收信人的名字。此时,无论中西方,思维中心肯定都是那个收件人。实际情况正是如此。我们看到的一些中外私递的旧信封,封面上就都只有名字。这种情况说明,书写信封时,无论中外,大家都是想着收件人。但是当收信人的名字和地址同时出现在信封上时,就出现了差别。这个差别是语言语法上的差别引起的。西方人在表示曼哈顿的约翰时,一般会使用所有格标志of联结二者,表示所属。因而会写成“John of Manhattan”如果,加上城市名则成了“John of Manhattan(of)New York”很明显,这种看起来从小到大的排序,实在是取决于语法规则。而中国人处理地名和人名同时出现时,会写绍兴鲁迅。这也是固定的语言习惯。因此,西方信封上书写格式可以理解为:Name(of)House name(of)Street name(of)City name(of)State name(of)Country.在这个书写格式里,邻近的名词之间是所属关系,但在信封上表示时,为了节省空间,通常去掉了所有格的标志符号“of”。

2 文化与历史

中西方的邮政发展历史上一些文化因素曾促成信封书写格局的形成。就中国信封书写来看,它的确给人以特别重视地址的印象。这种情况的形成可以从下面的情况得到解释。中国早在秦汉时期就建立了统一的驿递制度和地名体系。其时,中国幅员辽阔,控制地域覆盖36郡,后又增至46郡,郡下又有乡里组织,形成数以万计的地名。可以想象,不论公函私信,在这么大的版图中传递,正确的地名地址书写是何等的重要啊。虽然,秦汉时期还没有现代信封,但不管公私信件用什么样的信函传递,地名是非写清楚不可的。

相比之下,英国17世纪才有了官方控制的邮路建设,而范围不出英伦诸岛。美国在18世纪后期才开始了东海岸的邮路的使用(Day,2007)。不管是英国或是美国,邮递机构在早期都不开展投递业务,邮件只在邮局之间传递,再由收件人前往邮局查看领取。因此,对于早期的西方民众来说,通信的具体街道地址意义不大,而收信人的名字则较为重要。因而有了中国人重地址,西洋人重名字的表面现象。

无论中西方,信件封面上的地址姓名都有个从简单随意到复杂规范的书写演变过程。这个演变过程与邮政发展的历史息息相关。首先,制作信封材料的价格对信封封面的写法有影响,但这种影响与书写顺序无关,而与信封地址书写详略有系。英国和美国早期写信并不使用信封,主要原因是纸张昂贵。人们通常只是写完信后,把信纸折叠起来进行蜡封,利用背面的空白来书写邮寄对方的信息。邮资以邮递的距离和信件的重量来计算。因此,为节省费用,信件尽量少用纸。1775年,美国建国之初的政治家萨缪尔·亚当(Samuel Adams)从波士顿向费城发了一封信,价格为22美分。这封信就没有信封,由一页信纸折叠而成。因为此时使用信封,意味着多付一页纸的邮费,当时只有极少数富人能够支付的起。信封的使用当在1838年前后,当时,英国曾进行过信封设计大赛。有一种“Mulready”信封曾赢得过奖。这种“四角折叠,会于中心,然后蜡封的新式信封”是现代信封的原始样式。其时,英国邮政当局,决定生产邮资付纥信封,通过邮局发售。当时虽然是一种创新,但是,也获得不少民众批评。一般英国民众认为这种发明史愚蠢的。美国历史记载,1843年皮埃森先生曾在自己的作坊里,用带刀模具切纸,进行手工信封制作。不久,各种信封制作机相继发明,终于使信封的价格下跌,大大促进了人们使用信封的习惯。当然,从简单的信纸背面书写,到信封封面书写是个不小的飞跃。在这一转变中,信封的书写有了较大的空间。(Benjamin,2002)

其次,对信封书写习惯影响最大的应该属住址投递制度的改变。1863年以前,付费信函邮递都是邮局之间进行,民众到邮局取信件。在这种情况下,信封的门牌号码,街道地址并不重要,重要的是落地邮局信息。而邮局信息也常常只是个邮局的代号。因此,信封上可以不写对方具体地址,而只写对方邮局编号。1863以后,美国推行城市住址免费投递制度,对信封的街道,门牌号码的细节提出了要求。到1880年美国有104个城市实行免费投递,到1900年则升到796个城市。1896年,乡村也开始实行住址投递,先在西佛吉尼亚的三个邮局试行,当时覆盖29各州的44条邮路。到1902年,乡村住址投递遂成定局。到了1930年城市乡村到处都有了“方便的路边信箱。”(Benjamin,2002)

此外,邮递价格的下降对信封的使用有积极意义。西方邮政部门在19世纪中期曾努力降低邮寄费用。1845年前高昂的邮费价格抑制着一般的通信使用信封。以美国为例,1799-1815美国东部邮路上报纸的邮费为2美分以下,而信件的邮寄价格却按邮程远近每页信纸在6~25美分之间。邮资的多少和信件的大小,重量和邮寄距离都有关系。1840,年从巴尔的摩到纽约的一封信邮资为18.5美分。其时,一个劳动力的日收入为72美分,一封信占去日薪的4分之一。美国1845年国会立法大大降低了通信费用。由过去五等距离计算变为两等距离计算。巴尔的摩到纽约的邮资降至5分。1863年,价格又有降低,距离因素取消,统一按重量收费。信封的机器制作,邮寄费用的价格降低和住址投递的实行鼓励了人们使用信封,并且将信封的地址延至街道和门牌号码。(John,2008)

总之,信封的书写格局的形成和邮政历史发展事件关系密切,却与思维方式很难挂上钩。

3 技术与教育

中国人和西方人书写信封的格式的形成,还可归因于现代邮政体系的暗示、引导和规范。现代邮寄制度产生以前,人们在信封上或多或少可以看到写信人个体意志的表现,个性化的信封时有所见。比如,宋代进士李逊一时遭难,寄了个空信封,委托名士刘元普照顾家人,信封上写:“辱弟李逊书呈洛阳恩兄刘元普亲拆。”刘元普本不认识李逊,接到空信封后,揣摩再三,有所领悟,于是承担起照顾李逊家人的责任。又比如,从民国期间的私人信件上看,地址和人名是写给不同的人看的。其中地址是给邮差看的,而名字则是给收信人看的。不少信封上写着:捎,交,面交,烦致,烦交,拜托等字样,且信封没有邮戳,说明信件是通过私人或信使等传递。这样的信件往往能看到保留的个性文化痕迹。

清代和民国时期,我国民众识字率低,有一种代人写信的职业。这些专业写信人对信封的书写极为讲究。这时期的信封,有时双面书写。根据书信人与收信人之间的地位不同,需要用不同等级的敬语或谦语。于是信封写得文雅古朴,成为信封史上的佳话。西方信封早期也能见到代表个人意志的文化痕迹。比如火漆封印的使用,欧洲就很有讲究。棕色漆为赴宴请贴,红色漆为官方文件,白色漆为婚嫁喜庆,黑色漆为丧事讣讯等。

自从现代邮政业务展开以来,无论中西方,都出现一个趋势,即写信人对如何写信封的主观意志体现的越来越少,而邮政系统为实现现代标准化服务,越来越多地干预信封的书写格式。为了以最有效的方式处理和投递邮件,现代欧美国家邮政机构都规定了信件地址书写标准要求民众遵守。

邮政机构推行标准化信封书写的措施之一是利用信封上的提示文字指导信封书写。写信人地址写在何处,收信人地址写在何处,一一均有注明。其次,利用出版物进行宣传。各国邮政部门都在邮局里张贴或悬挂信封书写标准提示。这种做法逐渐统一了人们书写信封的格式。不仅如此,英语国家邮政机构重视邮政知识的普及,并且非常重视对民众和儿童的邮政知识教育,以致小学生都要学习信封书写方法(Aibelweiss,1994)。

此外,各国邮政部门,一直致力于邮政信件分拣机械化,信件电脑识别和邮政智能化。对信封格式的书写提出了更高的要求。比如,加拿大邮政机构希望书写信封时不使用标点符号,包括缩写语后边的逗号。在表示乡村道路(RD)和郊区服务缩写(SS)语前,不使用数码符号#,只用空格隔开等等。信封封面的每一个字母都提倡大写,包括回信地址。最后形成这样的格式。

如:BRIAN HUNTER SYLVIA BURTON

RR 3 PO BOX 1234

FREDERICTON NB E3A 1H9 NEWCASTLE NB E1V2V5

在邮政机构的强势干预下,信封的书写逐渐摆脱了对个人意志的反映。信封书写中的文化因素越来越为技术因素所取代。写信人越来越多地服从机器对信件的要求,而个人的主体意识越来越少地表现在信封上。写信者如何写信封强烈地受到邮政体系的约束和规范。

4 结语

以上对英汉语言习惯和邮政历史的回顾清楚地表明,中西方信封书写的差异渊源已久。书写顺序相反的差异主要是由汉英两种语言语法结构引起。而在漫长的邮政发展史上,信纸的价格,信封的发明,邮寄价格的降低,住址免费投递,机械分拣,电脑识别技术的需要,以及邮政知识普及教育等,都对信封的写法产生过影响。很显然,没有证据表明,中西方信封写法的差别反映了中西方民族“从大到小,从远到近”或者相反的思维习惯。

江苏省无锡市锡山职业教育中心校校立项目

参考文献

[1]张业菊.从中英文信封格式看中西方思维方式[J].湖南行政学院学报(双月刊),2006(6)总第42期:82-83.

[2]刘广生等.中国古代邮驿史[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,1999.

[3]马楚坚.中国古代邮驿[M].北京:商务印书馆,1997.

[4]臧嶸.中国古代驿站与邮传[M].北京:商务印书馆,1997.

[5]Aibel-weiss,Wendy.Post pack for elementary school students[Z].National Post Museum,Smithsonian Institution,1994.

[6]Benjamin,Maynard H.The History of Envelopes:1840-1900[Z].Envelope Manufacturers Association,2002.

[7]Day,Thomas G..The United States Postal Service:An American History1775–2006[Z].United States Postal Service May,2007.

篇9:浅谈中英文书信格式

关键词:中英文;书信;格式

书信历史悠久,其格式也几经变化。按通行的习惯,中文书信格式主要包括五个部分:称呼、正文、结尾、署名和日期;而英文书信一般由六部分组成。即,信头(Heading)、信内地址(Inside Address),称呼(Salutation)、正文(Body of Letter)、结束语(Complimentary Close)、署名(Signature)。

在中文书信中地址是写在信封上的,而英文书信中含有信头和信内地址。

一、信头(Heading)

信头,一般写在信纸的右上角,包括寄信人通信地址和写信日期。如:

Changsha No.1 Middle School

P.R.China,

Nov.8,2005.

二、信内地址(Inside Address)

信内地址位于左上角。在信头之后,下空两三行,从左边顶格处写起。信内地址是收信人的地址,包括姓名,职务,公司名称,市、州或省,邮政编码和国家。第一行写称呼和姓名,第二行写收信人的单位名称,第三行写地址,地址中每个词的首字母要大

写,如:

Dr. David Fuller

Graduate Studies

Northern State University

1200 South Jay Street

Aberdeen,SD57401-7198

U.S.A.

三、称呼

中英文的称呼都会遵循“因人而异”,会根据收信人的年龄、地位或职位不同。

中文中的称呼要在信纸第一行顶格写起,后加“:”,称呼和署名要对应,明确自己和收信人的关系。这里简要说明几条细则:

1.给长辈的信

若是近亲,就只写称谓,如“爸”“妈”等;亲戚关系的,就写关系的称谓,如“姑妈”等。对非近亲的长辈,可在称谓前加名或姓,如“赵阿姨”等。

2.给平辈、晚辈的信

可直接用对方名字。

3.给师长的信

通常只写其姓或其名,再加“老师”二字,如“段老师”。对于学有专长、德高望重的师长,往往在姓后加一“老”字,以示尊重,如“戴老”,亦可在姓名后加“先生”二字。

而英语中的称呼语(Salutation)同样也有多种形式:

(1)在不知道收信人姓名的情况下,有以下几种称呼方式:Dear Sir/Madam(to a man/Madam, if the name is unknown),如果是寄往某公司的信还可用“Dear Sirs”。

(2)在知道收信人姓名的情况下,有以下几种称呼方式: Dear Mr. Smith(for a man),Dear Mrs. Brown(for a married woman)Dear Miss Jones(for a single woman),Dear Ms Todd(Ms does not reveal the marital status of a woman).

四、正文

中文书信的正文通常以问候语开头。问候是对收信人的一种礼节,体现写信人对收信人的关心。接下来便是正文的主要部分——主体文,即写信人要说的话。这一部分,明白写信的主旨,做到有条有理、层次分明。若是信中同时要谈几件事,更要注意主次分明,有头有尾,详略得当。

英语中的正文(body)包括三个部分:第一部分是开头,需要开门见山地说明写信的原因和目的。如果是写给不认识的人,还要加上一个简单的自我介绍。如果是回信,还要说明何时收到对方关于什么内容的信。

五、结尾

正文写完后,一般都会要表达对收信人的祝福及勉励。我们把它称做祝颂语或致敬语,这是对收信人的一种尊重和礼貌。

中文结尾的习惯写法在正文写完之后,紧接着写“此致”“敬礼”,但是要注意的是这两个词的格式,“敬礼”要另起一行顶格。

英语书信的结束语(Complimentary Close),通常也以礼貌的祝福或者愿望来结束。如:

I am looking forward to your reply.

六、署名和日期

在书信最后一行,署上写信人的姓名。署名应写在正文结尾后的右方空半行的地方。如果是写给比较亲近和熟悉的人,直接写上自己的名字,不用写姓。如果是写给单位的或是比较正式的推荐信,一定要把姓与名全部写上,以示尊敬。日期一项,用以注明写完信的时间,写在署名之后或下边。

英文署名是在结束语的下方签名,先手写出,再打出来。

总体而言,中英文书信的格式有着相同点,也有着不同点,相同点体现了文化的相通性,而地域的差异又带来了不同点。随着全球化的发展、科技的进步,人与人之间的联络变得很方便,而最初的这些传统联络方式却渐渐地消失,人与人之间的感情变得更疏远,因此,我们更需要传承这些文化,保留其精髓。

(作者单位 湖南石油化工职业技术学院)

篇10:英文书信格式

Hello, Im your new friend. My name is Bob. Im fifteen. Im American. I live in New York.

I am a middle school student. Im good at maths. It is very interesting. My favourite sport is basketball. And I am not only a basketball fan but also a good player. I like music. My friend and I often sing pop songs together.

After school, I am interested in getting on-line. I have known a lot about China from the Internet. Now I am learning Chinese. I hope I will visit your country one day.

Please write to me and tell me something about your life. I am looking forward to hearing from you.

Yours,

篇11:英文寻物启事格式

Apr4, 20xx

I was so careless that l lost a blcak mobil phone on the way to our canteen at noon. There is much important information in my phone. Will the finder please return it to Xiao Ming at Class6, Senior3? Thank you very mach!

篇12:英文收入证明格式

TOWHOMITMAYCONCERN

RE:(姓名)-INCOMECERTIFICATION

Thisistocertifythat(姓名)hasbeenabonafideemployeeofthisorganizationsince(开始任职年份).Mr./Ms.(姓)hasbeenundermysupervisionsince(开始任职该部门年份).His/Hercurrentlypositionis(职位名称).His/Herannualincomeforthepastthreeyearsareasfollow:

2008-RMB¥XX,000

2009-RMB¥XX,000

2010-RMB¥XX,000

(签名)

NameandTitleofSignatory:

(直属部门主管或负责人的姓名及职衔)

(Ihaveauthoritytoissuethiscertification.)

Contact:XXX

Tel.:XXXXXXXXX

(BONAFIDE是拉丁文,英文即INGOODFAITH:即,货真价实的,而且诚信的,多用于确认文件或身份的真实性。)

在职收入证明

收入证明格式(标准格式)

在申请信用卡或者办理其他银行业务的时候,收入证明是必不可少的证明材料,许多卡友在要求单位开具收入证明的时候并不知道标准的收入证明是什么样的格式,导致很多收入证明无法使用,下面为您提供三种标准收入证明格式,您可以直接将其中的一种复制到word中打印出来交给单位填写、盖章即可。

收入证明格式一:

兹证明________是我公司员工,在________部门任________职务。至今为止,一年以来总收入约为__________元。

特此证明。

本证明仅用于证明我公司员工的工作及在我公司的工资收入,不作为我公司对该员工任何形势的担保文件。

盖章:

日期:______年___月___日

收入证明格式二:

个人收入证明

兹有我公司(xx-xx公司)员工xx-x,身份证号码:xx-xxx-x,在我司工作xx年,任职xx部门xx经理(职位),年收入为人民币xx-xxx元。

特此证明!

xx-xx公司(加盖公章)

xx-xx年x月x日

收入证明格式三:

收入证明

xx-xx银行:

兹证明先生(女士)是我单位职工,工作年限年,在我单位工作年,职务为,岗位为,工作性质为(正式制;合同制;临时制;其他),职称为,该员工是否有违规违纪行为(有;无)。

其身份证号码为:

其平均月收入为人民币(大写)元

单位联系电话:

单位营业执照编号:

单位办公地址:

本单位承诺该职工的收入证明真实。

本收入证明仅限于该职工办理贷记卡用途,我公司并不对该职工使用贷记卡可能造成的欠款承担任何责任。

篇13:书信格式英文

I noticed an ad. In the paper today you said you were looking for people to join your expedition team. It sounded as if it might be fun so Im writing to say Id like to come along.

About myself: I left school at 16 because I wanted to earn a bit of money. After that I got a few part-time jobs as a waiter, etc. But I didnt stick to any of them for long. Recently Ive been doing a bit of hitch-hiking round Europe so Ive had some experience of traveling the hard way which should come in handy on the expedition youre planning. By the way, Im a great guitarist so I can keep you all amused round the campfire at night.

Let me know when I can call in for a chat about dates and other details, etc.

Yours,

篇14:英文格式在职证明

在职证明

兹证明杨 成 是我们公司总经理,他从2004 年8月起在我公司工作,月

薪 8000元。杨 成 将于 2011 年 8 月去往孟加拉 旅游/参加商务活动,预计停留/公司支付,在他出国期间,我公司保留其职位,我公司保证他按期回国,回国后将继续为我公司服务。

特此证明。

公司名称:扬州沃尔科技有限公司公司地址:江苏 宝应 山阳 二桥工业园负责人职务:总经理负责人:(签名并加盖公章)注:请使用公司抬头信纸打印此证明。

YANGZHOU WOER TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD

CERTIFICATION

of our company, and has been working here sincehis present salary is RMB per month.He will go todays.We guarantee that he will obey the laws and regulatians and return to China on schedule.He/The company will pay all the cost during the travel and will continue to work for our company after the travel.Company: YANGZHOU WOER TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD

Address: Second Bridge Industrial Zone,Baoying Country,Jiangsu Province,ChinaResponsible person: General Manager

篇15:英文报告格式

兹呈交的论文,是本人在导师指导下独立完成的研究成果,在论文写作过程中参考的其他个人或集体的研究成果均在文中以明确方式标明,本人依法享有和承担由此论文而产生的权利和责任。signature(签名): ________________ date(时间): ________________ table of contents(字体times new roman, 四号,)(空一行)1.introduction.............................................................................................4 2.sample title.............................................................................................4 2.1 sample title..................................................................................................................4 2.1.1 sample title........................................................................................................4 2.1.2 sample title........................................................................................................4 2.2 sample title..................................................................................................................5 2.3 sample title..................................................................................................................5 3.conclusion..............................................................................................5

bibliography...............................................................................................6 appendices i...............................................................................................7(制作目录请选择菜单中的:插入——引用——索引和目录——目录——确定,即可,然后将字体改为小四号。不要自己输入)1.introduction(标题1样式,字体times new roman, 字号三号,标题与正文之间不空行。)this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.(正文字体使用times new roman,字号用小四号字体,1.5倍行距,两端对齐,顶头式即每段开头不空格)

(每段结束之后一定要空一行)2.sample title 2.1 sample title(第二层标题,选择标题2的样式,样式框在字体框之前;然后将字体改为times new roman,字号改为小三号,字体加粗;下面不空行)2.1.1 sample title(第三层标题,选择标题3的样式,样式框在字体框之前;然后将字体改为times new roman,字号改为四号,字体加粗;下面是正文则不空行)this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.2.1.2 sample title this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text:(a)this is sample text.(b)this is sample text.(c)this is sample text.(d)this is sample text..(每一小标题中如果有多个要点,请放在一个整段中,用(1)(2)或者(a)(b)等标出;如果是并列的几个词组,可以用分号隔开;不要每个单独成行,也不用分到下一级1.1.2.1 和 1.1.2.2 之类的标题了。)2.2 sample title this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.2.3 sample title this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.3.conclusion this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.this is sample text.篇二:英文读书报告撰写格式

英文读书报告撰写格式

1.字体均为times new roman 报告题目为3号黑体居中

学生姓名、专业班级、学号、正文及参考文献均为小4号

双倍行距

2.打印纸张规格:用a4纸单面打印。3.报告第一页第一行应为:报告题目

第二行靠右应为:学生姓名、专业班级、学号

接下来是正文;参考文献在正文之后。4.报告字数为1000---1500字。

附:

英文读书报告写作知识 the book report 1.three main parts of a book report generally speaking, a book report consists of the following three main parts: ? information about the author and his times ? a summary of the book a description of the author’s times should be given together with a brief account of his life.it should include the circumstances that led to the writing of the book under discussion and the historical and social background related to the content of the book.to make these things clear, the writer perhaps needs to read some reference material, such as biographies of the author and histories of the period described in the book.2.writing of the book report 1)the summary of the book should be self-contained, clear, and easy to understand.above all, it should be objective.3)the summary of a novel or a play is usually written in the present tense, while that of nonfiction, in the tense of the original work: for example, the past tense should be used for a history, and the present for a scientific work.weekly report name day, month and year 1.achievements planned in the last report.make sure the information is presented in such a way understandable by the readers.it is not expected to have significant achievements every week.but you should achieve something at least every two weeks.3.activities list your main research related activities in the week.if you have some other major work, list them as well so that i can know your workload and difficulties.4.work planned next week 5.attachments list attachments included with the report.it is not necessary to have attachments every week.? must limit this report to one page.you can use smaller fonts or page margins if needed.? email your report to me.weekly report example from xxx to xxx 1.achievements ? ? ? 3.activities ? ? ? ? ? 4.work planned next week ? ? ? ? the results will be documented in a simple draft report 5.attachments ? ? inrush current plotted and my analysis list of papers read篇四:英文论文写作格式要求 精华 implicational meaning of the scarlet a in the scarlet letter by name a thesis submitted to foreign languages department in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of b.a in english university may, 2011 contents 1.introduction................................................................................................................1 3.different meanings of the scarlet a to various characters.........................................2 3.1 different meanings of the scarlet a to hester prynne..........................................2 3.1.1 a for “agony” and “anguish”......................................................................2 3.1.2 a for “able”, “admirable” and “angel”......................................................2 3.2 different meaning of scarlet a to dimmesdale....................................................2 3.2.1 “a” for “apostle” and “adam”....................................................................3 3.2.2 “a” for “arthur”...........................................................................................3 4.the influence of the scarlet letter “a” on various characters....................................3 4.1 hester prynne.......................................................................................................3 4.2 arthur dimmesdale..............................................................................................3 5.conclusion.................................................................................................................3 references....................................................................................错误!未定义书签。

目录页的要求 1)单独占一页,不加页码,目录用contents一词表示,目录中的字体用小四号times new roman字体,不加粗,1.5倍行距。2)目录页从introduction开始(前面加阿拉伯数字形式的序号1),其次为各级标题,conclusion前面也要加序号,最后一项为bibliography(前面不加序号)。3)中英文摘要和关键词均不出现在目录中。4)目录如有两页或更多,则双面打印,打印时加页码,页码形式为i, ii, iii„。implicational meaning of the scarlet a in the scarlet letter(论文题目:小二号,times new roman,与其后的内容之间不空行)name:xxx student id: xxx(学生姓名与student一词之间空五个空格。此行内容与摘要之间空一行。)abstract the novel the scarlet letter is the masterpiece of nathanial hawthorne;the well-known romantic novelist of america in the 19th century, in this book, the author uses a scarlet a as the focus and center of the book.this thesis, focus on different meanings of the scarlet a, its influence on the four main characters and their results, reveals various implications of the scarlet letter a.key words hawthorne;scarlet a;implication(摘要部分字数要求在200-250字之间,摘要部分的行距为固定值20磅,内容全部用五号,times new roman字体。其中,abstract一词加粗,其后空一格;key words是两个单词,加粗,其后空一格,关键词中除专有名词外,其他关键词一律不大写,关键词之间用分号隔开,最后一格关键词后没有任何标点。关键词这一行之后,论文的introduction部分之间空一行,行距为固定值20磅。)1.introduction(introduction 作为论文正文的第一部分,相当于一级标题,前面要加序号,序号样式为阿拉伯数字1,数字后面加句点,字体为小四号times new roman,加粗,标题1.introduction与后面的内容之间空一行,行距为固定值20磅。introduction 部分中的内容用五号times new roman字体,此部分的应包括以下及方面: 1)选题的目的和意义;

2)国内外对该选题的研究状况综述,选择罗列主要研究者的主要文献及观点; 3)本论文的研究内容,方法,角度和意义; 4)本论文的结构,例如:this thesis consists of four parts, the first part introduces „., the second part studies „, the third part explores„, and the last part is conclusion.5)字数不少于500字。introduction前面的序号作顶格,此部分的内容,分段即可,无需用小标题的形式。introduction的内容之后,下一个标题之前,空一行,行距为固定值20磅。this novel is notable for its allegory and symbolism.(此部分内容的字体为五号,times new roman)3.different meanings of the scarlet a to various characters.(同标题2的要求)

3.1 different meanings of the scarlet a to hester prynne.(二级标题为小四号times new roman,行距为固定值20磅,与正文内容之间不空行。二级标题的序号左缩进两个空格,标题中的内容除第一个单词的首字母大写外,其余单词的首字母一律不大写,但专有名词除外。)hester prynne, the heroine of the novel, wears the scarlet letter a for seven years.(此部分内容的字体为五号,times new roman)3.1.1 a for “agony” and “anguish”(三级标题的序号之前向右缩进四个空格,字号为五号times new roman字体,行距为固定值20磅,与正文内容之间不空行,)chang ruifang writes “the implication of the scarlet letter is actually agony and anguish.”[1](此部分内容的字体为五号,times new roman)3.1.2 a for “able”, “admirable” and “angel”(同标题3.1.1的要求)as the story develops, the scarlet letter is a “hymn on the moral growth of the woman” [2](此部分内容的字体为五号,times new roman)3.2 different meaning of scarlet a to dimmesdale(同标题3.1.的要求)dimmesdale always has a scarlet letter in his heart, which represents “apostle”, “adam” [1] chang ruifang.analytical discussion on the implication of the scarlet letter a and its dual nature, 2001:75.[2] 常耀信.美国文学简史,2003:289.篇五:英文实验报告的格式和写法

英文实验报告的格式和写法【转】 2010-10-04 06:03 一份最标准的实验报告的格式: 1.abstract 2.introduction 3.method 4.results 5.discussion 6.conclusion 7.reference 分别来分享下近来学到的。abstract 摘要摘要,就是整篇文章摘出来的要。

强烈建议整篇文章写完后再写摘要。

把文章每个部分选一些句子出来就可以拼凑成一个abstract了。

一个abstract 的模板: 1 一两句话说明这个实验的主要理论依据,或者实验需要证明的假说。2 一两句话说一下这个理论或者假说的相关的研究。3 两三句话描述一下实验 4 两三句话概括一下实验结果 5 一句话说一个结论,解释一下这个实验的意义或结果的重要性

转一个别人的example: does a child’s focus correlate with barometric pressure? if so, does it correlate positively or negatively? tucker(1999)hypothesized a negative correlation, but this assertion has never been tested.our team used the misha cpt to measure the focus of a group of 150 third-grade students.we divided the students into three groups of 50 students.one group took the misha cpt when barometric pressure was low, another group took it when barometric pressure was neutral, and the final group took it when barometric pressure was high.the results found that children focused significantly better when barometric pressure was low than when barometric pressure was neutral or high.the results suggest that when diagnosing adhd, practitioners should give the cpt when barometric pressure is neutral.introduction introduction以实验目的为开头,解释一下这个实验需要证明的东西。具体实验目的视全篇实验报告长度而定,几段到几页都有的。

实验目的写完后介绍实验基本理论。介绍一下前人或者文献里的相近相关的实验,写一下他们的成果以及不到位的地方。(well, 如果是学校安排的每年都要

做的实验就写写类似相关实验的优劣吧),这部分注意写reference。

然后介绍一下实验过程。如果实验用了一些非常见的仪器,也可以在这个部分做一个简要介绍。

再转一篇我认为写得很好的introduction example introduction in this lab, we explore the theory of optimal foraging and the theory of central place foraging using beavers as the model animal.foraging refers to the mammalian behavior associated with searching for food.the optimal foraging theory assumes that animals feed in a way that maximizes their net rate of energy intake per unit time(pyke et al.1977).an animal may either maximize its daily energy intake(energy maximizer)or minimize the time spent feeding(time minimizer)in order to meet minimum the central place theory is used to describe animals that collect food and store it in a fixed location in their home range, the central place(jenkins 1980).the factors associated with the optimal foraging theory also apply to the central place theory.the central place theory predicts that retrieval costs increase linearly with distance of the resource from the central place(rockwood and hubbell 1987).central place feeders are very selective when choosing food that is far from the central place since they have to spend time and energy hauling it back to the storage site(schoener 1979).the main objective of this lab was to determine beaver(castor canadensis)food selection based on tree species, size, and distance.since beavers are energy maximizers(jenkins 1980, belovsky 1984)and central place feeders(mcginley and whitam 1985), they make an excellent test animal for the optimal foraging theory.beavers eat several kinds of herbaceous plants as well as the leaves, twigs, and bark of most species of woody plants that grow near water(jenkins and busher 1979).by examining the trees that are chewed or not-chewed in the beavers’ home range, an accurate assessment of food preferences among tree species may be gained(jenkins 1975).the purpose of this lab was to learn about the optimal foraging theory.we wanted to know if beavers put the optimal foraging theory into action when selecting food.we hypothesized that the beavers in this study will choose trees that are small in circumference and closest to the water.since the energy yield of tree species may vary significantly, we also hypothesized that beavers will show a preference for some species of trees over others regardless of circumference size or distance from the central area.the optimal foraging theory and central place theory lead us to predict that beavers, like most herbivores, will maximize their net rate of energy intake per unit time.in order to maximize energy, beavers will choose trees that are closest to their central place(the water)and require the least retrieval cost.since beavers are trying to maximize energy, we hypothesized that they will tend to select some species of trees over others on the basis of nutritional value.methods 这部分通常包括material 和 procedure两个部分。material:

详细的写出实验用到的材料,设备,器材。像下面这样是不够详尽的: chromatography light bulbs 比较一下下面的:

lc-10avp plus high-performance liquid chromatography 24 incandescent 60w light bulbs arranged in a 6*4 rectangular matrix(see figure 2)dell precision t7500(xeon x5550 2.66ghz, 6gb ram, 64 bit windows 7 professional)另外,如果实验对象中有人的话,介绍人数,群体背景。用subjects 来称呼。比如 subjects we tested 150 third-grade students chosen at random from a pool of 346 applicants from eight london public and private elementary schools.the students represented a fairly wide range of economic backgrounds.all agreed to participate in our study in exchange for a 25 pounds gift certificate from a local toy store.procedure 详细写出每一步步骤。不要虚构理想化实验,不要夸大某个过程

如实叙述即可。如果步骤比较多就用数字标出每一步。example: t = mr(g-a), where a is the acceleration of the mass.if the assumption holds that the only friction affecting the potentiometer was constant coulomb friction, then each mass would undergo a constant acceleration.the potentiometer measured voltage versus time for the masses as they dropped, but the measurement of interest to us was position versus time.for that reason, a ‘calibration’ was performed before we measured any data.in the calibration, the potentiometer’s initial voltage was measured.then the string was pulled a set distance(2 inches), and the voltage was recorded.this process of pulling the string a set distance and recording the voltage continued another two times(see appendix a for the results).to determine the relationship between voltage and position, the differences in the voltages were averaged and divided by the length.the resulting relationship was 0.9661 volts/inch.five different masses were used to test the assumption of constant acceleration.for each mass, the string was rolled up on the shaft, the oscilloscope was triggered, and the shaft was released.as each mass dropped, the oscilloscope collected the potentiometer’s voltage versus the time.after obtaining plots for each mass, we used the voltage-position relationship, mentioned above, to convert the data from the form voltage versus time to the form position versus time squared.the residuals of the data determined whether the assumption of constant acceleration was valid.results 实验的数据,公式,图表,计算过程,用一种对读者最友好的形式展示出来。实验的原始数据通常都是放在附录的,这里都是放处理过的数据。

如果有大量的计算,至少要列出其中一个sample calculation.results部分的开头最好重复一下实验目的。

如果结果很多,最好分成不同的section example: results overall, beavers showed a preference for certain species of trees, and their preference was based on distance from the central place.measurements taken at the study site show that beavers avoided oaks and musclewood(fig.1)and show a significant food preference(x2=447.26, d.f.=9, p<.05).no avoidance or particular preference was observed for the other tree species.the mean distance of 8.42 m away from the water for not-chewed trees was significantly greater than the mean distance of 6.13 m for chewed trees(t=3.49, d.f.=268, p<.05)(fig.2).the tree species that were avoided were not significantly farther from the water(t=.4277, d.f.=268, p>.05)than selected trees.for the selected tree species, no significant difference in circumference was found between trees that were not chewed(mean=16.03 cm)and chewed(mean=12.80 cm)(t=1.52, d.f.=268, p>.05)(fig.3).discussions 对于results中描述的实验数据,在这个部分中进一步诠释,解释每个结果的含义,为后面conclusion做准备。

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