英语写作书信类

2024-05-02

英语写作书信类(精选8篇)

篇1:英语写作书信类

英语写作 书信类作文常用句型

一、写作格式

1、称呼(1)机构

A、不认识负责人

Dear Sir or Madam,Dear Sir / Madam,To whom it may concern,B、认识负责人

Dear Mr./Ms.President/Professor/Manager/Editor(Michael)Wang,(2)个人 A、关系不亲密

Dear Mr./Ms.President/Professor/Manager/Editor Wang,B、关系亲密 Dear Michael,2、正文

3、落款(1)祝福语

Best wishes!/ The best regards!(2)签名

Yours sincerely,Li Ming

二、必用信息 常用的开头语有:

I have received your letter of July Ist.7月1 日来信已经收悉。I have the pleasure to tell you that „„.很高兴告诉你„„。

I am very much delighted to receive your letter.非常高兴收到你的来信。It is my honor to inform you that „„很荣幸告诉你„„。常用的结束套话有:

I am looking forward to hearing from you 盼早日回信。Wish best regards.祝好。

Thank you for your help 感谢你的帮助!

Wish my best wishes for your success.祝你成功。Wish you a happy holiday.祝假日愉快!

Hoping to hear from you soon.希望能尽快收到你的回信。

1、自我介绍(1)工作

I am a staff member from your company/corporation.(2)学生

I am a freshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduate/graduate from the Department of Chinese Language and Literature of Beijing University.2、写作目的

I am writing the letter in purpose of ordering some books/resigning from my current post/position.3、尾段写法

A 表示感谢

(1)My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words.(2)Words fail me when I want to express my sincere gratitude to you.(3)I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation for the kind assistance you rendered me.B 期待回信

(1)I am looking forward to your reply/hearing from you soon.(2)I look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.(3)Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.4、常用书信的客套语 一.问候

I haven’t heard from you for ages.How are you doing? I haven’t seen you for such a long time.How are you getting along with your work? 二.祝贺

I want to congratulate you with all my heart.I warmly congratulate you on what you’ve achieved.三.致谢

I am most grateful to you for your help.I want to thank you heartily for what you have done.四.询问

I wonder if you could tell me what to do.I’d be most grateful if I could have your full support.Please could you let me know something about it.五.邀请

Is there any chance of your coming to have dinner with us at our home? We are wondering if you could come to have dinner with us at our home.六.接受邀请

I’m delighted to accept your invitation.Thanks for your invitation.I’m certainly looking forward to joining you.七.拒绝邀请

I’m sincerely sorry that we can’t join your dinner party.I regret to say “no” to your invitation.Thank you for your invitation but unfortunately„ 八.抱歉

I do apologize for having kept you waiting.I’m awfully sorry for giving you so much trouble.九.同情

I’m more than sorry to hear of your illness.I can’t tell you how sad I felt when I heard of„ 十.安慰

It was a great shock to hear„

I just can’t tell you how saddened I am„ I’m most grieved to learn of„

篇2:英语写作书信类

Dear Mr. President:

I am sophomore from the Department of Law. Im writing the letter in purpose of complaining about the food and service in the canteen or campus.

To be frank, I am rather disappointed at the food quality, price and service in the canteen. First, the dishes are scarcely well cooked and most of them taste the same. Secondly, most of the dishes there are priced so high that some students cannot even afford them. Thirdly, the service in the canteen is far from satisfying and the inside of the canteen always seem untidy.

To solve the problem, I suggest that another canteen be built and a mechanism of competition be introduced between the old and the new. Besides, both the canteens should be subject to the students supervision. Dining is an everyday issue for students. It may affect their academic performance. Therefore, I sincerely hope this letter can draw your attention to the matter and I hope the problems mentioned above be solved as soon as possible.

求学信

Dear Sir or Madam:

I am a Chinese student who wish to study at your prestigious/esteemed university . My plan is to start my course next term , and I would be grateful if you would be kind enough to provide me with certain essential information.

篇3:英语写作书信类

关键词:大学英语四级考试,应用文,书信,写作特点,技巧

根据大学英语四级考试大纲的要求, 写作部分 (Writing) 占15%。大学英语考试四级作文的体裁有五类:议论文、说明文、应用文、记叙文和描写文。但在实际考试中, 一般只考议论文和应用文两种体裁, 而书信是大学英语四级考试应用文中经常考的一种形式。

1. 英文书信的组成

1.1 信头 (Heading)

信头是指发信人的地址和日期, 通常写在第一页的右上角。行首可以齐头写, 也可以逐行缩进写。地址的书写顺序由小到大:门牌号、街道、城市、省 (州) 、邮编、国名, 最后写发信日期。私人信件一般只写寄信日期即可。例如:

289 Heping Road

Nanshan District

Nanjing 210000

Jiangsu Province

P.R.C.

October 1, 2010

1.2 信内地址 (Inside Address)

信内地址要写收信人的姓名和地址。在公务信件中要写明这一项, 在私人信件中, 这一项常常省略。该项写在写信日期下一行的左上角, 格式与寄信人地址一样。

1.3 称呼 (Salutation)

称呼是对收信人的称谓, 应与左边线对齐, 写在收信人姓名、地址下面1-2行处。在称呼后, 英国人常用逗号, 美国人则常用冒号。在私人信件中可直呼收信人的名字, 但在公务信件中一定要写收信人的姓。大部分信件在称呼前加“Dear”。如:

Dear Dr.Green:

Dear Dr.Smith:

对不相识的人可按性别称呼:

Dear Sir:

Dear Madam:

Dear Ladies:

如果不知收信人的性别则可用Dear Sir or Madam。

1.4 正文 (Body of Letter)

正文是书信的主体。英文书信的正文的开头直接说明写信人的身份及写信的目的, 然后提出写信人的情况、想法或要求, 并加以必要的解释或说明。英文书信陈述目的时, 应该直截了当, 意思明确, 层次清楚, 言简意赅。

1.5 结尾礼词 (Complimentary Close)

公务信件的结尾礼词包含两部分:发信人的结尾套语与署名。结尾套语写在签名上面一行, 第一个字母要大写, 套语结尾后面要加逗号。在公务信件中, 发信人常用的结尾套语如下:

在私人信件中, 发信人常用的结尾套语如下:

Sincerely yours, Lovely yours, Your lovely, Your loving son/daughter等。

1.6 签名 (Signature)

写信人的签名常位于结尾礼词正下方一二行。除非是给很熟悉的人写信, 签名一般须写出全名。签名常常较潦草, 不易辨认, 因此在签名的正下方须打印出全名。

2. 写作步骤

在大学英语四级考试中一般要求考生根据提纲写一封英文书信, 如2005年1月四级作文、2004年6月四级作文、2004年1月四级作文。对这类题型, 通常分为5个步骤来写:

第一段, 文章开头:称呼。

第二段, 寒暄语句, 引出写信的目的。

寒暄句+主题句 (注:寒暄句和主题句可以是同一个句子) 。

第三段, 根据提纲扩展主体段落, 主题句+扩展句1+扩展句2+扩展句3。

第四段, 表明自己的观点, 并结束书信主体段落, 在最后要他谈自己的看法。

第五段, 寒暄句+落款。

下面我们再来看一封投诉信 (Letter of Complaint) , 一般而言, 投诉信包括以下内容:提出要求和理由;解释详细的情况;把请求具体化, 以及希望收信人采取行动的日期等。例如:

Aug.1, 2010

Dear Sir or Madam:

I’m writing to complain about a typewriter I bought seven months ago.

In January of 2010 I bought a Jones Typewriter, Portable Special Model, at ABC Store, I had used it only a few days when the space bar broke.

I took it to a local shop, they told me it was factory defect and suggested I take it back to ABC.ABC accepted the machine and sent the part in.I waited two months, and since your company did not send a replacement, they let me have the space bar from another typewriter.

Now, five months later, it has broken again.I took it back to ABC.They are no longer carrying your typewriter, but they assured me that the guarantee is still good and suggested that I write you for further instructions as to what steps to take.

I will appreciate anything you can do to help us on this matter.

Respectfully,

Tom Smith

本文结构如下:1.写信日期称呼;2.正文第一段:表明写信的目的;3.第二段:具体说明购买产品的时间、地点及出现的问题;4.第三段:说明尝试的解决方法;5.第四段:说明尝试的解决方案无效, 请求帮助;6.结尾礼词及签名打印的姓名。

从上面的例子可见, 书信作文不仅给出正文部分的内容的提纲, 而且还给出书信各部分的结构的框架。也就是说, 我们只要考虑如何表达提纲部分的内容, 而不用考虑书信的结构。在写书信作文时, 首先要把书信正文的提纲内容细化, 扩展成更细的英文提纲, 然后用简洁、明了、礼貌、正确和得体的语言表达出细化了的提纲内容。掌握了以上书信写作特点及技巧后, 考生在考试时如果遇到此类作文就能从容应对, 从而取得满意的成绩。

参考文献

[1]丁往道.英语写作手册.外语教学与研究出版社, 1998.2.

篇4:英语写作类图书市场窥探

随着我国图书市场的进一步发展和逐渐丰富,人们对于图书题材和类型的需求都与日俱增。尤其是在国力日渐强盛的今天,对外交流的频率加大,学生群体和社会人群对于英语学习形成热潮,在这样的大背景下,对英语写作类图书的需求就逐渐呈现出上升的趋势。笔者以上海外语教育出版社英语写作类图书为例,分析适合我国英语写作类图书发展的途径。上海外语教育出版社出版的《大学英语》(第三版)系列类教材是适用于我国英语教学的优秀教材。这套教材适应了我国新一轮大学英语教学的系列改革,它体现了修订的多种类、立体化、多元化、现代化的趋势,是非常有现实意义。

一、英语写作类图书出版特点

第一,图书选材枯燥单一。在市场上英语类写作图书中,题材大多单一或只是面向传统教学模式。包括实用类的问题及相关的记叙文和议论文等。这些图书在选材方面缺少新意,不少读者想要通过阅读英语类写作书籍,获得语法和词汇运用的初衷并不能得到满足。

第二,出版质量参差不齐。随着出版市场化,面对竞争激烈的局面,不少出版商为了抢占先机,往往会缩短出版周期,在质量把关上放松了要求,使得原本存在问题和瑕疵得不到很好的校对和弥补,造成了英语写作类图书在出版发行的过程中存在大量的内容错误、拼写错误等问题,这对阅读和学习者来说十分不利。

第三,图书写作质量低下。当下的英语类写作图书中,一个重要的问题就是写作质量的低下。不少英语类图书的写作质量是偏低,在许多已经出版的书中,不难发现包括单词拼写和语法句法在内的很多错误层出不穷。不少英语学习者和普通读者对于英语写作类图书的阅读都旨在学习到实用的写作技巧和表达方式,而这样的错误和瑕疵极其容易引起学习者和读者的错误积累,所积累到的单词不正确,语法和句法也未免不够地道,并不能达到阅读英语写作类图书本所要达到的效果。

二、我国英语写作类图书问题现状的原因分析

1. 不注重英语系列教材的整体衔接与整合

从上海外语教育出版社出版的《英语专业四级考试单项突破系列TEM4写作与阅读理解》系列图书来看,这套教材存在着多处问题值得商榷,比如精读教材与听说教材的内容衔接。英语生词量高达8%~10%,将重心放在了生词的学习上,使得教师在教学中的教学方向不容易把握。因此,出版社在出版英语图书时,应该将系列教材的精读、听说、泛读等整合在一起,使得系列教材内容衔接在一起。

2. 图书选材理念传统模式单一

当下我国出版的写作类英语图书中,大部分英语写作类图书都存在着内容枯燥的现状。例如,《学术英语写作》系列教材知识量大,内容上有传统模式单一的观念。笔者认为,泛读教材,出版社应该考虑教师的教学实际运用,方便教师和学生互动;口语教材,出版社应该从提升学生口语能力出发,更好地配合教师的教学的目的。

3. 图书作者水平参差不齐

英语写作类图书的作者水平参差不齐是市场最致命的问题。在挑选作者层面上,以英语图书出版为主的出版社会严格筛选名师,而小型的出版社则以盈利分割市场蛋糕为目的,在作者挑选上较为随意。很多从事基础撰写工作的工作人员素质存在严重的欠缺,在写作的过程中,不能够完成本身的任务,出现比较大的纰漏,甚至有不少撰写人员并不是外国语相关专业毕业的人才,他们只是能够将简单的英语句子组合在一起进行组稿和串联,这样的图书出版对于市场来说弊大于利。这类作者的图书,并不能引导读者学习英语,反倒会误导学习者在英语学习中对语法使用、阅读技巧、书写技巧等多方面的技能提升。这些问题对于英语写作类图书的出版是致命的,它极其容易对阅读者产生误导,久而久之更会对英语写作类图书市场造成不良的影响。

三、英语写作类图书选题出版的新途径探析

1. 提高图书撰写质量

如何策划一套既符合教师和学生需求,又能在市场上有影响力的英语写作类图书,一直是众多编辑思考的问题。要实现双赢的局面,就必须让英语写作类图书摆脱题材单一和内容枯燥的现实问题。例如,《写作教程》的教材内容注重培养学生的交际能力,学生用书每个单元的课文前有Warm-UpQuestions,课后练习有ReadingAloudandMemo-rizing、SpotDictation、OralPractice,这些都是为学生复习上一堂课内容和练习当堂课内容提供了方便,而且各类练习题都是有针对性的。此外,在图书中加入散文选读,对于读者写作运用起到帮助作用,英语散文不仅具有十分优美的语句和意境表达,同时也具有句法和语法上的独特探究意义,这对于英语爱好者和深入的学习者来说,无疑是一种很好的资源。因此,在英语写作图书的选材方面,应当注重平衡实用性和欣赏性,做到尽量平衡和多元化,使英语写作类图书呈现出一定的活力。同时应当注意的是,在对素材的收集方面,尽量避免难以理解的古英语和变体英语,虽然它们都属于诗歌和散文创作某一个时期的主流用语,也具有格律和节奏上的独特贡献,但总的来说,由于其年代久远而脱离实际的语言运用环境,应当考虑去除避免选入书中。

2. 规范图书出版质量

如何保证图书的出版质量,这不仅是考验作者的水平,也考验编辑的能力。针对这一问题,出版商作为对书本负责的机构,应当在图书审阅上增强质量把关。尤其是对本身有可能存在错误的地方仔细推敲。小型的出版社在追求市场输出之时,更应当注重图书质量,保证图书有专业人士对文稿进行审读和校对;资质较好的出版社,可以考虑聘请母语为英语的相关审阅人员,提升图书的品牌影响力。

3. 建立电子图书网络平台

随着网络的发达,出版商还可以考虑加大建立网络平台的力度,将传统的出版和传播方式和现代传媒方式结合起来,尤其是对网络平台的建设和优化,能够极大地满足相关群体对英语写作类图书的实际需求。通过网络平台的建立,可以在纸质图书出版前期进行宣传,保证出版物的市场占有率,同时,相关的资源也能够通过网络平台进行宣传。

英语写作类图书是读者学习英语技能的重要图书,在当下我国的英语写作类题材图书的出版过程中,存在一些现状问题,通过对其相关的现状和具体的原因分析,能够帮助我们进一步的探寻出相关的途径和解决措施,从多方面、多角度促进我国英语写作类图书的选材、出版和综合性提升。

篇5:雅思G类书信类写作的题目

考试日期:.01.15书信种类 请求信

You are going to have a business trip and arrange your friend to look after your children. Write a letter to the friend. In your letter, you should

1. Tell him/her which kind of food your children like and dislike

2. Tell him/her which kind of activities your children can attend

3. Tell him/her the time you will pick up your children

考试日期:.01.17书信种类 抱怨信

Write a letter to a furniture company from which you just bought a piece of furniture, but found some problems after the mail arrived. In your letter:

1. Describe the condition of the furniture.

2. The problems.

3. The expected solution from the company.

考试日期:2017.02.07书信种类 道歉信

Your friends have been out on holiday and ask you to stay at their house. However, there is a problem with a piece of equipment in the kitchen. Write a letter to them. In your letter:

篇6:进出口类商业书信写作

1. 向顾客推销商品

Dear Sirs, May 1,

Inquiries regarding our new product, the Deer Mountain Bike, have been coming in from all parts of the world. Reports from users confirm what we knew before it was put on the market - that it is the best mountain bike available. Enclosed is our brochure.

Yours faithfully

2. 提出询价

Dear Sirs, Jun.1, 2001

We received your promotional letter and brochure today. We believe that your would do well here in the U.S.A. Kindly send us further details of your prices and terms of sale. We ask you to make every effort to quote at competitive prices in order to secure our business. We look forward to hearing from you soon..

Truly

3. 迅速提供报价

Gentlemen,June 4, 2001

Thank you for your inquiry of June the 1st concerning the Deer Mountain Bike. It gives us great pleasure to send along the technical information on the model together with the catalog and price list. After studying the prices and terms of trade, you will understand why we are working to capacity to meet the demand. We look forward to the opportunity of being of service of you.

4. 如何讨价还价

Gentlemen, June 8, 2001

篇7:书信类作文写作模式及其常用句型

书信可分为私人信件和事务信函。私人信件的格式和语气比较随便,而事务信函则正式得多,它的措辞不仅要求更有礼貌,而且要求更加注意用词的准确和行文的简洁。

事务信函的的三点基本要求:

1.简明。书信的语言贵在于精,考生应力求用最简洁的语言表达尽可能丰富的内容。

2.清晰。由于收信人不在自己身边,如果不将信件内容写清楚,收信人就会看不明白,甚至可能发生误会。所以写信时必须考虑好先写什么,后写什么,用简洁的语言把要写的内容叙述清楚

3.礼貌。写信时要注意语言得体,无论是给谁写信都必须措辞诚恳、平实、礼貌,不能虚浮夸张。

I.书信的格式

January 6th, 2007

Dear ,Best wishes / regards!

Yours sincerely,Li Ming

Chairman of the Student Union

注意:可使用的一些称呼:

Dear Sir or Madam,To whom it may concern,My dear friends,Dear Mr.President,Dear Editor,Dear Manager,Dear Mary,II.询问信的模式及其常用句型

e.g.你希望进入一所国外著名大学学习,请写一封询问信,信的内容包括:

1.询问申请资格并简单介绍自己的情况;

2.询问学习费用;

3.询问住宿情况。

1.第一段:进行自我介绍,表明想询问一些事情。

a.I am very glad to avail myself of the chance to recommend myself to you.I am a student in1

and I am preparing to do some research on.b.I would be grateful if you would be kind enough to provide me with some essential information.c.I am, and the questions I need to be answered are listed below.2.第二段:询问具体的一些事情。为了使自己的询问内容一目了然,注意多用一些表示先后的连词,如first, second, third等。

3.结尾:真诚地表示感谢。

a.Thank you for reading my letter.I am looking forward to your kind and early reply.b.Your answer will contribute to my paper.c.I appreciate your help if you could let me know by February 12th.d.I would be most grateful if I could hear from you soon.III.求职信的模式及其常用句型

e.g.假设你看到了一个公司招聘文秘的广告,请写信给该公司表达强烈的应聘愿望,并介绍一下自

己的背景材料(如学历、专业、特长、爱好等)。

1.第一段:先说明你从某个媒介看到了该公司的广告,然后明确陈述你想应聘这个职位。

a.I learned from Beijing Youth Daily that your company is offering a position for a secretary, and it’s a great pleasure for me to write to explore the possibility of applying for the job.b.Your advertisement in Beijing Youth Daily is offering a most tempting job to a young man just out of college.I cannot think of a better job I would like than a programmer for a famous company like yours.I look upon it as a wonderful opportunity.c.I am writing you this letter to show my keen interest in the post of assistant manager which you advertised in China Daily for, as is indicated in the enclosed resume, my major and experiences closely parallel your requirement.2.第二段:说明你为什么认为自己符合对方的招聘条件。

a.Here is what I can offer you in the return: I am 22 years old, a hard working student who majors in computer science and will graduate from Inner Mongolia University this July.b.I can speak English well, and I am capable of programming in several computer languages and can use computer skillfully.c.I have passed CET-6 with high marks.My spoken English is also fluent enough to organize meetings in English.d.I have always been a top student in my specialized area, biochemistry.e.Another point I want to draw your attention to is that I have been taking an active part in a variety

of campus activities.f.Perhaps you will agree that these qualities plus enthusiasm, persistence, and the willingness to work hard make me acceptable for the job you offer.I believe I would do more and better for you.g.I believe my experience will qualify me for the current vacancy in your company.3.第三段:说明信中所附的材料内容,并表达自己的期望。

a.I enclose herein my resume and some relevant documents as required.I appreciate your sincere consideration of me, and I am looking forward to an early interview with you.b.I enclose a letter of recommendation from Professor Wang, and a self-addressed card, in hoping you will use it tell me when to come for an interview.I look forward to hearing from you.IV.投诉信的模式及其常用句型

e.g.假设你是李明,你就最近参加的一个旅游团向旅行社投诉,内容可涉及导游服务、酒店饭菜的质量、住宿环境等,并在最后提出赔偿要求。

1.第一段:先开门见山表明自己要投诉,然后说明自己投诉的内容。

a.I am writing to complain about my recent holiday trip in Qinghai which was organized by your

company.b.I am writing to inform you of my unhappy experience lately.c.I am Li Ming, a junior student from the Department of Electronics.I am sorry to occupy your precious time, but I really want to talk about the school library.2.第二段:反映问题,实事求是地叙述自己曾经遭到的不公平待遇、某些问题给自己带来的不便。注意语气要坚决,但是措辞要礼貌。

3.第三段:提出合理的解决方案。

a.We claim a refund of 500 RMB because the service was not up to the promised standard.b.Up until now, I have been thinking of this happening, I believe that it is more than necessary for the whole tertiary industry to improve the service quality.c.To resolve my problem, I think you should.d.I am sure you will understand my situation and agree that the only solution for me is to.4.第四段:表达希望及致意。

a.Thank you for reading my letter.b.I would be grateful if this matter would have your immediate attention.c.I would be grateful if you could solve my problem as soon as possible.d.I hope you can help to put an end to this situation and restore our confidence in our university library.V.表扬信 / 感谢信的模式及其常用句型

e.g.In Honor of Teachers on the Occasion of Teacher’s Day

1.向老师致以节日祝贺;

2.从一件难忘的事回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献;

3.我如何回报老师的关爱

1.第一段:表达感谢。

a.As is known to all, September 10th is a special occasion, on which, we, students can express our sincere gratitude to our respectable teachers.b.I would like to extend my thanks to sb.for doing sth.2.第二段:根据提纲要求,叙述事情的缘由和经过。

3.结尾段:再次表示感谢,和开头段呼应,但要注意不能使用重复的语言。

a.I will never forget those who have dedicated all their efforts to help me.Working even harder and making my due contribution, I think, will be most rewarding to my teachers.b.Thanks again for helping me do sth.I believe that if everyone contributes a little, the world will turn into a heaven.VI.导游词 / 欢迎信的模式及其常用句型

e.g.1.A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction

Your role: a tour guide

Your audience: a group of foreign tourists

Your introduction should include:

·some welcoming words;

·the schedule for the day;

·a description of the place the tourists will be visting(e.g.a scenic spot or a historic site)

You should make the introduction interesting and the arrangement for the day clear to everybody.2.Suppose you are Li Ming.Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours, who is going to visit you during the weeklong holiday.·表示欢迎;

·提出对度假安排的建议;

·提醒应注意的事项。

1.第一段:表示欢迎(导游还需进行自我介绍)

a.Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Beijing!To begin with, I would like to introduce myself.I am a tourist guide from China Travel Service and it’s my great honor to stay here with all of you for a whole day.Just as the old saying says, “It’s always a pleasure to greet a friend from afar.I wish all of you enjoy yourselves during this trip.b.I am delighted to learn that you are going to visit me during the weeklong vacation.My parents

will also be happy to see you again, and I am sure you will enjoy yourself here.2.第二段:介绍行程或度假的安排(注意层次,多使用first,second,third之类的词没什么坏

处)

3.第三段:介绍具体的景点特点或相关历史、提醒应注意的事项

4.结尾段:再次表示欢迎

a.Above is my introduction to the Great Wall.If any of you have questions, please feel free to ask me at any time.b.I am looking forward to seeing you soon.VII.写给编辑或其他重要人物的信

Eg.1.给联合国秘书长Ban Ki-Moon写信,阐述你对世界和平现状的看法和展望,以及对联合国发

挥更大作用的期待。

2.假设你是Bob Smith,你从报上读到一则关于一个美国收银员因为不会笔算(written

calculations),在收银机坏了的时候拒绝收银的新闻,请就这件事给报社编辑写一封信,并阐述自己的看法。

常用的句型:

a.I am a college student from China, majoring in International Politics.I am honored to write to you to express my view on world peace.b.I’ve read in the latest issue of your newspaper a story about an American cashier who can’t do written calculations.It says that.c.I’ve read your editorial “” and I quite agree with the writer’s views.d.I have been reading your newspaper for many years with a great enthusiasm and interest, but your recent articles and editorials on the filled me with the deepest disappointment.e.Generally I go along with your ideas, but your editorial “ was shocking.f.Your editorial writer’s criticism of thesuggests a serious lack of understanding of why.范文一篇:

Oct.15th, 2007

Dear Mr.Ban Ki-Moon,I am a college student from China, majoring in International Politics.I am honored to write to you to express my view on world peace.In this ever-changing society, peace and development are the two main permanent themes.People from around the world cherish a peaceful co-existence.However, we regret to find that the world peace is in a worsening situation.Regional conflicts, miniature wars, aggressive wars and ethnic cleansing are nothing new, if not everyday occurrences.These conflicts are destroying people’s faith in peace for economic or nationalistic reasons.If this undesirable trend could not be reversed, our global village, in my view, would be ruined sooner or later.The United Nations, which is an international body coordinating a wide range of affairs, should take a

leading role in bringing us a peaceful planet.I hope the UN, under your guidance, could do more to make our common dream — world peace — come true in the not too distant future.Best wishes!

Respectfully yours,Li Ming

作业:

1.A Letter of Application

假设你是李明,即将大学毕业,从China Daily上得知中国四达国际经济技术合作公司(CSCIETC)要招聘文秘一员,要求如下:

·年龄20-30岁,大专以上学历;

·流利的英语听说读写能力;

·熟练的计算机操作能力。

请写一封求职信,应聘该职位。

2.A Letter to a Schoolmate

假设你是李明,你的朋友小王要到你所在的城市旅游一周,请给他写一封信,信的内容应包括以下内容:

• 1.表示欢迎

• 2.提出对度假安排的建议

• 3.提醒应注意的事项

可参考的一些句型:

篇8:英语写作书信类

英语的四项基本技能为——听说读写。而写,是语言输出的表现,是衡量学生英语综合能力的重要指标,在英语中学习和教学中起着越来越重要的作用。由于缺乏英语基础知识运用能力和语篇构建能力,英语写作一直是大学生的薄弱环节。而作为理工科的学生,绝大多数是男生,对语言的兴趣不大,关注不高,他们的英语相对较弱,特别是词汇严重缺乏,这自然而然地会影响他们的英语写作水平。就此,本文对写作中常见的词汇错误进行分析,并找出相应的对策,旨在提高他们的写作能力。

一、错误分析理论

错误分析,是指对学生在第二语言或外语学习中所犯的错误进行分析研究,从而发现学生对语言学习所采用的策略以及产生错误的根源,进一步推断和全面了解外语学习的心理过程。

S.P.Corder(1967)认为错误是由于学生尚未掌握所学语言的知识体系而产生的对语言规律的偏离,是有规律的。Carl James(1988))定义错误为不成功使用语言。Rod Ellis(1994)则认为错误是偏离目的语规范的形式。

Corder从学习者中介体系的发展特征出发,将错误分成前系统错误(pre-systematic errors)、系统错误(systematic errors)和系统后错误(post-systematic errors)。Dulay, Burt和Krashen从评价角度出发,将错误分为全局性错误和局部性错误。Carl James(1984)将错误分为四类:本体错误,词汇错误,语法错误和篇章错误。Brown(1987)则是从归因的角度进行分类,认为错误有语际错误(母语干扰性错误),语内错误(目的语干扰错误)和其他因素(学习环境、交际策略、文化干扰和个人因素)错误。

二、研究方法

为研究理工科学生英语写作存在的常见错误,笔者根据P.Corder提出的错误分析五步骤过程进行开展。搜集了某综合性大学理工科大二学生的课堂作文,并随机抽取了60篇作为语料。写作时间为30分钟,作文标题来自大学体验英语综合教程第四册第五单元Business Ethics,字数要求为120词左右。

三、结果与分析

词汇是构成语言最基本的材料,对英语学习来说是非常重要的。只有掌握好词汇,才能为写作打下良好的基础。但词汇错误在理工科大学生写作中频频出现。据分析统计,在60篇作文里,共出现295处错误,其中词汇错误有121处,所占比例高达41%。可见,写作中的词汇错误应引起人们的重视。对照文本,大致可以将学生在写作中存在的错误归纳为拼写错误,词性错误,词义错误和搭配错误。

1 . 拼写错误。词汇最基本的错误是拼写错误,占了3 5 . 5 % 。在写作过程中,由于对单词的掌握不熟,或是焦虑、粗心,常出现拼写错误。有混肴字母词序造成的拼写错误,如morden(modern)和frist(first)。有漏写的,如govenment(government)。有字母混淆的,如benifit(benefit)。有随意造字的,如dislegal(illegal)不难看出,这些词并不是很不复杂,都是些日常用词。很多时候是出于粗心所造成的错误,只要学生稍加留意,便可以避免。

2 . 词性错误。在英语写作中,学生对词性的敏感度不高,往往只是根据含义去选词,而没有考虑其词性是否,便造成了此类错误。如1)It hurts the healthy of consumers.这里应是名词health。2)People have different advise when discussing the question.也是是动名词误用。在汉语中,词汇通常在词性上没有严格的区分,其形式没有专属的标记,其用法也没有特殊的规则。而我们往往是从语境中去判断该词的词性。因此,学生在使用词汇的时候,没有关注词性这一问题。而英语则与汉语不一样,其在词性上有着明显的区分。即便词的含义相近,但由于词性不一样,用法也就不同。

3.词义错误。在英语中存在很多形近词和近义词。在写作过程中,学生没有掌握词的真正意义,经常用错单词。如Some cookers used the dirty oil.而cook作为动词是“煮”,这是学生较熟知的含义。英语中,很多时候动词加-er/or变名词,于是学生将这一规则概化,却不知道cook本身可作名词且意为“厨师”。英语里经常出现一词多义,一义多词,要找到英语与汉语完全对应的词很难。且理工科学生对英语单词的掌握还不够牢固,基础比较差。受到汉语的影响,造成用词错误。

4.搭配错误。英语的单词短语有其习惯的用法和固定的搭配。而学生通常习惯用汉语思维,缺乏对固定搭配的了解,常会犯搭配错误。例如1)The price is so expensive that consumer may buy the fake.根据汉语思维,价格可以和贵连用,但在英语中price与high/low搭配。有时学生犯错是由于前知识干扰。2)Some corporations pay attention on the business ethics.对于“关注”这个词,我们用得比较多的就是“focus on”和“pay attention to”,因此,部分学生会混淆这个两个词造成此类错误。

四、教学对策

1.加强语言基础知识教学。从文本看出,理工科的学生对英语基础知识掌握不扎实,在词汇方面犯错较多,因此,教师在日常教学中,要培养学生准确运用词汇的能力。在教学词汇时,利用语境,先让学生自己去体会单词的含义,而不是单纯地给出其汉语的对应词。讲解时,要提醒学生注意该词的词性及其变型,同义词与近义词的辨析,常用的搭配方式等。帮助学生了解其语用环境和功能。遇到学生拼写错误时,及时指正,强化其正确形式,降低错误率。此外,引导学生关注词块与语块积累,可提高学生在写作中的语言表达中的准确度和流利度。

2.中西文化差异。语言与文化是密切相连的。语言是文化的载体,中西方文化不同,其语言的表达方式也是不同。学生在写作中用词出现的错位,部分是与我们所处的文化背景,我们的汉语思维模式有关。在教学中,教师不仅要传授语言基础知识,还要传授文化背景知识,引导学生理解文化差异。例如,讲解词汇的时候,要对词汇的文化知识进行解释,挖掘其文化差异,从而帮助学生正确掌握词汇的运用方法。此外,“凡是成功的外语学习者都是以接触大量输入为前提”。因此,教师还要引导学生阅读地道的英语读物,观看原版的影视资料,来增加学生对英语国家的了解,培养学生的英语思维方式。

参考文献

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[2]Rod Ellis.The Study of Second Language Acquisition[M].Shanghai:Foreign Language Education Press,2013.

[3]何华清.非英语专业学生写作中的词汇错误分析——一项基于语料库的研究[J].外语界,2009(3).

[4]贺红.母语文化负迁移:影响及对策——大学生英语写作调研分析[J].湛江师范学院学报,2011(4).

[5]黄青.大学英语写作错误规律的实证分析[J].东华理工大学学报,2011(12).

[6]刘国庆.母语负迁移对英语写作的影响——句法错误分析及对策[J].大学英语,2014(2).

[7]文秋芳.“输出驱动-输入促成假设”构建大学外语课堂教学理论的尝试[J].中国外语教育,2014(5).

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