考研英语复习写作常用八类词汇

2024-05-15

考研英语复习写作常用八类词汇(精选6篇)

篇1:考研英语复习写作常用八类词汇

考研英语复习写作常用八类词汇

考研英语写作必背句型 对比和比较型

考研英语强化 放大阅读 “悦”考研

考研英语复习误区:靠突击取胜

词汇是英语写作的基础,为了大家更好的备战考研英语,考研教育网小编为大家总结了英语写作常用的八类词汇,希望对大家英语写作的复习有所帮助。

1、经济:

economic globalization( 经济全球化) , sustainable development( 可持续发展) , unfaircompetition( 不正当竞争) , crack down on fake commodities ( 打假) , boom( 繁荣) , fiercecompetition(激烈竞争), credit crisis(信用危机), stabilize prices (稳定物价)

2、文化:

great and profound (博大精深的),integration and interaction( 融合交汇),crash( 碰撞),charming(极具魅力的),splendid(壮丽辉煌的),English fever( 英语热)

3、环保:

environment- friendly( 生态型的.,环保的),threat of global warming(全球变暖的威胁) ,

promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth(促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变) ,curb environmental pollution/ bring the pollution under control(治理环境污染), develop renewable resources (开发可再生资源), a low-carbon economy (低碳经济)

4、科技:

science and technology( 科学技术) ,web-addiction(沉迷网络) , computer crime(电脑犯罪) , e-commerce( 电子商务) , virtual life ( 虚拟生活) , information era(信息时代) ,cyberromance(网恋),surf the Internet(网上冲浪) 考研 教育|网

5、就业:

applicant(申请人), position available/ vacant position(空缺职位), competent(能胜任的),be qualified for(合格的), proficiency(熟练程度 ),job arrangement and benefit(工作待遇和福利), promotion (晋升), gender-biased(性别歧视的), appearance-biased(相貌歧视的)

6、大学生活/教育:

cultivate(培养), further one‘s study (深造), quality education(素质教育), foster abilities(培养能力) , relieve the burden on students( 减轻学生负担) , be occupied with so muchschoolwork( 忙于功课 )place emphasis on( 以 … 为重心) , comprehensive( 全面的,广泛的) ,practical capability(实际能力),duck-stuffing(填鸭式)

7、社会现象:

enlightening( 富有启发的) , cause alarm and attention( 引起了警惕和重视) , set good example for(为…树立榜样),dedicate(做贡献), take action (采取行动),ensure implementing activities(确保执行), vulnerable(易诱惑的,易受影响的),be supposed to(应该)

8、人物特征、情感描写:

strong-minded( 坚强的), industrious(勤奋的), promising(有前途的), dynamic(有生气的),

responsible(有责任心的), influential(有影响力的), profound(渊博精深的), devoted(忠实的,投入的),warm-hearted(热心的)

篇2:考研英语复习写作常用八类词汇

考研英语作文八类常用高频词汇

1、经济:

economic globalization(经济全球化)sustainable development(可持续发展)unfair competition(不正当竞争)

crack down on fake commodities(打假)boom(繁荣)

fierce competition(激烈竞争)credit crisis(信用危机)stabilize prices(稳定物价)

2、文化:

great and profound(博大精深的)integration and interaction(融合交汇)crash(碰撞)

charming(极具魅力的)splendid(壮丽辉煌的)English fever(英语热)

3、环保:

environment-friendly(生态型的,环保的)threat of global warming(全球变暖的威胁)

启航考研提供

promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth(促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变)

curb environmental pollution/ bring the pollution under control(治理环境污染)develop renewable resources(开发可再生资源)a low-carbon economy(低碳经济)

4、科技:

science and technology(科学技术)web-addiction(沉迷网络)computer crime(电脑犯罪)e-commerce(电子商务)virtual life(虚拟生活)information era(信息时代)cyber romance(网恋)surf the Internet(网上冲浪)

5、就业:

applicant(申请人)

position available/ vacant position(空缺职位)competent(能胜任的)be qualified for(合格的)proficiency(熟练程度)

job arrangement and benefit(工作待遇和福利)

启航考研提供

promotion(晋升)gender-biased(性别歧视的)appearance-biased(相貌歧视的)

6、大学生活/教育:

cultivate(培养)

further one’s study(深造)quality education(素质教育)foster abilities(培养能力)

relieve the burden on students(减轻学生负担)be occupied with so much schoolwork(忙于功课)place emphasis on(以…为重心)comprehensive(全面的,广泛的)practical capability(实际能力)duck-stuffing(填鸭式)

7、社会现象:

enlightening(富有启发的)

cause alarm and attention(引起了警惕和重视)set good example for(为…树立榜样)dedicate(做贡献)take action(采取行动)

ensure implementing activities(确保执行)

启航考研提供

vulnerable(易诱惑的,易受影响的)be supposed to(应该)

8、人物特征、情感描写:

篇3:考研英语复习写作常用八类词汇

1 相关理论

1.1 对比分析理论

对比分析理论 (Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis) 来源和盛行于语言研究早期的行为主义理论。它认为母语与目的语之间差异越大, 学习者的学习难度越大, 学习者发生错误的机率也就越大。对比分析研究包括四个过程:对母语与目的语的描述;挑选母语与目的语中一些可对比的语言特点进行分析找出母语与目的语之间的共同点与不同点;在分析的基础上预测可能发生错误的地方。

1.2 差错分析理论

作为对比分析理论的后继发展, 差错分析理论源于上世80纪70年代, 它的研究过程与对比分析过程正好相反。差错分析理论通过分析学习者在语言使用中犯的错误, 对其语言学习过程中的难点进行科学预测。差错分析研究分五步进行, 首先是研究语料的收集;其次是在研究语料找出错误所在;第三步是对错误的描述;第四步则是对产生的错误进行科学解释;最后一步就是对错误的评估。

2 研究结果与分析

通过检索, 此语料库共有633个词汇错误, 包括17个词序错误, 116个词类错误, 209个替代错误, 96个省略型错误, 100个冗余型错误, 3个重复型错误以及92个语义含糊。由于词序错误和重复型错误数量太少, 仅占词汇错误总数的3.3%, 以及语义含糊错误很难确定, 本文仅对错误频次较高的其他4类错误进行分析。

2.1 词类错误

词类错误 (part of speech error) 指词根正确但词类错误的词。本语料库中词类错误有116个, 占错误总数的18.3%。这116个词类错误中, 形容词当副词使用的有22个 (例1) , 副词当形容词使用的有4个 (例2) , 动词当名词使用的有30个 (例3) , 名词当动词的有8个 (例4) , 名词当形容词的有9个 (例5) , 形容词当名词的有8个 (例6) , 动词当形容词的有5个 (例7) , 动词屈折变化方面的错误有30个 (例8) 。具体例子如下:例1There are a great many examples in the world to explain it correct[correctly].例2It’s obviously[obvious]that we can benefit much from that.例3 In our live[life], we will find much Examples.例4 If we can insist on, we will success[succeed].例5 When you begin to do something first, you can feel difficulty[difficult].例6 It is a process from unfamiliar[unfamiliarity]to familiar[familiarity].例7 If we want to be succeed[successful]man, we must obey the word—Practice Makes Perfect.例8 the story of“the old man of sale[selling]oil tells us.从形式上看, 这些错误均是实词的词尾不是上下文所要求的派生形式;从实质上看, 是中国学生忽视了英语实词不同词类的词尾特征。这些错误既有语际错误, 又有语内错误。语际错误 (inter-lingual error) , 是由语言迁移产生的一种错误, 即由学习者本族语导致的错误;语内错误 (intra-lingual error) , 则不是由语言迁移产生, 它是目的语错误或不完整学习的结果[3]。

2.2 替代错误

替代错误 (substitution error) 指在一定上下文中从语法角度看是正确的, 但在语义上却讲不通的词汇错误。替代错误的频次最高, 占词汇错误总数的33%, 几乎涉及到所有词类。例如:例9 We are lacking in insistence[perseverance].例10 We must join their society and study[learn]from the people.例11 That’s our respectful[respectable]father.这些错误的产生很多与英语词汇知识掌握不好有关。英语的同义词非常丰富, 如“study和learn”, “world和universe”, 但完全同义的词非常少。这些所谓的同义词受语境制约, 在英语中的用法不完全一样。

3 结语

通过对学习者写作语料库中词汇错误的分类、归纳与分析, 发现中国学生的词汇错误主要有词类错误、替代错误、省略型错误和冗余型错误。词类错误既与英汉两种语言在构词方式上的差异相关, 又与学习者英语构词知识贫乏有关。替代错误的频次最高, 多表现在对词汇语义的掌握方面, 特别是有细微差异的同义词, 需引起学习者特别重视。要减少和克服这些错误, 学习者必须在了解英汉语言之间相关差异和英语具体规则的基础上, 通过多种渠道增加外语输入量, 同时通过多说多写等输出活动来巩固所学词汇知识, 逐步提高学习者的词汇表达能力。

参考文献

[1]Leech, G.Learner English on Computer, Essex:Addison Wesley Longman-Limited, 1998:134~138.

[2]Seliner.L.Inter-language.International Review of Applied Linguistics, 1972 (10) :209.

[3]杨惠中, 桂诗春, 杨达复.基于CLEC语料库的中国学习者英语分析[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 2005.

篇4:将词汇复习和写作结合起来

分析全国卷题型我们可以知道,虽说不直接考完成句子了,但不意味着就不考语法了,不过是换个面孔在语法填空和改错题中呈现罢了,而且考得更细、更散、更灵活了。看似降低了难度,减轻了负担,但实际上,没有扎实的词汇和语法基础做支撑,“变形记”也于事无补。难度仍在,丢分依然。

目前同学们要么已经开始,要么即将开始一轮复习。每个单元的复习重点可以分为:语法项目+句型结构+阅读能力+写作训练。既然如此,把词汇和语法填空联系起来呢?能否把词汇和写作联系起来?把每个单元的重点语法项目和词汇揉和,进行语法填空练习、改错练习,也可以结合本单元话题,看看能否把重点词句用在相关话题的写作练习上。我们来试试:

掌握语法不仅仅是记忆规则那么简单。要真正理解一个语法点,在不同的语境中和场合中使用是最好的方法。单词也不是会读会写就达到了要求。真正做到对单词的内涵和外延掌握透彻也需要通过在不同的篇章中反复使用。只有理解记忆才能久远,才能转化成自己的能力。复习Module 6·unit 4 Global warming时,我们可以做一做语法填空练习:

Currently, 1 an urgent phenomenon that our earth is becoming warmer, 2 (result) from human activities. But I won’t subscribe 3 the view that living a low carbon life is far away from us and 4 we have to put up with pollution. In reality, Individuals can make a difference.

First of all, it is of great significance for us to break the old habits of wasting energy. Turn off 5 (electricity) appliances 6 (as) we don’t use them. If possible, walk or ride a bike instead of motor vehicles. Additionally, recycle cans, bottles, and plastic bags if 7 (circumstance) allow you to. Buy things made from recycled materials or things. 8,(economy) with energy. Finally and most relevantly, it is 9 (advocate) that we should be an educator, informing them about 10 significance of environmental protection.

答案 1. It’s 2. resulting 3. to 4. that 5. electrical 6. as long as 7. circumstances 8. economical 9. advocated 10. the

实践证明此方法是行之有效的词汇复习方法之一,既巩固了词汇,又训练了题型。且词汇与语法并重,一举两得。为避免复习的枯燥乏味,同学们可以试试把不同单元的话题、词汇和不同题型相融合。

“词汇+语法”的词汇复习方略有效巩固了词汇,系统疏通了语法的同时,也为语言输出作了重要准备。为了遏制教师押题,学生“背模板”“套范文”的势头,切实提高学生的表达能力,全国卷书面表达命题也是以开放式和半开放式居多。

近几年的高考英语试题,话题与时俱进,重视考查考生的交流能力、通过阅读获取有价值的信息的能力和准确、有效地用英语思维来表达观点的能力。复习时同学们应该将书面表达紧密地与高中英语课本联系在一起,因为课本内容本身涉及文化、地理、环境、健康、社会、交友、自然灾害等话题。有些话题和同学们的生活息息相关,接地气,能确保我们在写作时有话想说,有话可说。例如根据Module 6·Unit 3 A Healthy Life—Advice from Grandad,我们可以进行这样的写作训练:

假如你是李建,一名高中生,你校校报“健康专栏”拟刊登有关青少年抽烟的现象以及危害的稿件。请根据以下内容写一篇投稿邮件:

1. 高中生抽烟的原因;

2. 说明抽烟危害;

3. 给出戒烟建议。

注意:

1. 稿件词数200词左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Dear sir,

It is not surprising to find adolescent students addicted to smoking now, some of whom get into the bad habit due to the peer pressure. Others feel like trying a cigarette for the fact that they are curious about it. Still others think it cool to smoke.

Whatever reasons they have to start smoking. Actually, The study of smoking shows it can have bad effects on your heart and lungs and that many kinds of serious illnesses are closely associated with smoking, especially lung cancer. Additionally, Smoking itself costs one so much money that it put stress on students’ budget. Besides, many fires are reported to have been caused by careless smokers. On balance, smoking is not only harmful to smokers themselves, particularly students, but also a threat to public health, especially to women and children, as a result of which many countries have made laws banning smokers to smoke in public.

When it comes to tips on quitting smoking, please decide on a day to break the habit however tough it is; you’d better be determined and never feel disappointed when feeling like smoking again. Strengthen your resolve until you recover from both mentally and physically withdrawals.

Yours,

Lijian

这种以写代读的方式更有效,也更有意义。它可以避免词汇复习流于表面。同学们可以直接使用课本的资源来写作。

以上两种方法只是“形”,重点词汇才是“神”,同学不难发现加粗部分都是相应单元的重点词汇。我们可以用不同的方式加强记忆,加深理解,提高应试能力。

篇5:考研英语写作常用词汇有哪些?

词汇量不是一下子涨上去的,每天看一点考研英语写作常用词汇会有帮助哦~

小编今天为大家收集了一些近年考研写作中常常会用到的词汇,大家一起来学习吧!

1. accident n. 意外事件,事故

2. achievement n. 成就,功绩

3. activity n. 活跃,活动性,行动,行为

4. adopt vt. 采用,收养

5. advantage n. 优势,有利条件,利益

6. afford vt. [常与can,could,be able to连用]担负得起费用(损失,后果等),花费得起,经受得住;抽得出(时间)

7. ambition n. 野心,雄心

8. approach n. 接近,逼近,走进,方法,步骤,途径,通路 ①vt. 接近,动手处理 ②vi. 靠近

9. attract vt. 吸引 vi. 有吸引力,引起注意

10. bribe n. 贿赂 vt. 贿赂,向. . . 行贿

11. chance n. 机会,可能性,运气

12. cheat n. 欺骗,骗子 v. 欺骗,骗取

13. client n. [计]顾客,客户,委托人

14. communication n. 传达,信息,交通,通讯

15. compare v. 比较,相比,比喻 n. 比较

16. compete vi. 比赛,竞争

17. concentrate v. 集中,浓缩

18. consequently adv. 从而,因此

19. contribution n. 捐献,贡献,投稿

20. convenient adj. 便利的,方便的

21. decline vi. 下倾,下降,下垂 v. 拒绝,衰落

22. decrease n. 减少,减少之量 v. 减少

23. demand n. 要求,需求(量),需要 v. 要求,需要,要求知道,查询

24. depict vt. 描述,描写

25. duality n. 二元性

26. economy n. 经济,节约,节约措施,经济实惠,系统,机体,经济制度的状况

27. education n. 教育,训导,训练,培养,教育学

28. effect n. 结果,效果,作用,影响,(在视听方面给人流下的)印象

29. efficiency n. 效率,功效

30. emphasis n. 强调,重点

31. enjoy vt. 享受. . . 的乐趣,欣赏,喜爱

32. enrich vt. 充实,使丰富;使富裕,使富有

32. ensure vt. 保证,担保,使安全,保证得到 v. 确保,确保,保证

34. entertain vt. 娱乐,招待,接受,怀抱 vi. 款待

35. environment n. 环境,外界

36. expense n. 费用,代价,损失,开支,费钱之物

37. fee n. 费(会费. 学费等),酬金

38. figure n. 外形,轮廓,体形,图形,画像,数字,形状,身份

39. finance n. 财政,金融,财政学 vt. 供给. . . 经费,负担经费 vi. 筹措资金

40. fulfill vt. 履行,实现,完成(计划等)

41. GDP abbr. 国内生产总值(gross domestic product)

42. government n. <英>内阁,政治,政体

43. healthy adj. 健康的,健壮的,有益于健康的

44. implement n. 工具,器具 vt. 贯彻,实现 v. 执行

45. implication n. 牵连,含意,暗示

46. improve v. 改善,改进

47. indicate vt. 指出,显示,象征,预示,需要,简要地说明

48. indifferent adj. 与to连用)不感兴趣的;漠不关心的;不注意的

49. inseparable adj. 不能分离的;不能分开的

篇6:考研英语复习写作常用八类词汇

1.完全:absolute, unconditional, unlimited, complete, unrestricted, unmixed, perfect, entire

2.好:extraordinary, amazing, miraculous, marvelous, stupendous, excellent, good, well, wonderful, fine, nice, of high quality, pleasing, surprising, agreeable

3.小:small, diminutive, puny, little, pocket-sized, petit, minute, tiny

4.多:big , enormous, large, gigantic, vast, tremendous, gargantuan, huge, immense, a lot of, lots of, many, much, plenty of, a great deal of, a number of, an amount of, a great many, a good many, many a, scores of, dozens of, a great quantity of

5.高兴,快乐:delighted, delightful, pleased, pleasing, charmed, pleasant, cheerful, cheering, merry, happy, gratified, glad, gay, agreeable, friendly, content, satisfied, light-hearted, joyful

6.真的:True, truthful, veracious, faithful, accurate, loyal, staunch, genuine, honest, real, trustworthy, constant.

7.全,都:all, whole, entire, complete, perfect, total, the whole number of , unbroken , gross

二、常见的连接词

连接词根据其本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义可分为几类:

a.表示开场to begin with , in the first place , in general , generally speaking

b.表示总结to summarize , to sum up , to conclude , in conclusion , finally

c.表示举例a case in point , a good illustration / example of … is …,

d.表示原因because , since , for , the cause of , the reason for , now that

e.表示结果as a result , as a consequence , consequently

f.表示比较both , like , likewise , similarly , in common , in the same way

g.表示对照on the contrary , on the other hand , despite , in spite of , however

h.表示列举first , firstly , in the first place , first of all , to begin with

i.表示强调especially , particularly , certainly , surely , chiefly , actually

j.表示让步even though , although , in spite of , however , but ,yet

三、写作的启、承、转、合常用词语小结

1.有关“启”的常用词语(用来引导主题句或跟在主题句的后面,引导第一个扩展句)

at first 首先

at present 现在;当今

currently 现在;最近

first 首先;第一

first of all 首先

firstly 首先

2.有关“承”的常用词语(用来承接主题句或第一个扩展句)

to start with 首先;第一

after 此后

after a few days 几天之后

after a while 过了一会儿

also 并且

at any rate 无论如何

at the same time 同时(用在“转”时,作“可是”解)

besides(this) 此外

3.有关“转”的常用词语(用来表示不同或相反的语气)

after all 毕竟

all the same 虽然;但是

anyway 无论如何

at the same time 可是(表轻微转折)

but 但是

conversely 相反地

despite 尽管,虽然

4.有关“合”的常用词语(用来引导结尾句或最后一个扩展句,表示段落的结束)

above all 最重要

accordingly 于是

as a consequence 因此

as a result 结果

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