中考英语被动语态专项练习题

中考英语被动语态专项练习题（共8篇）

篇1：中考英语被动语态专项练习题

一、被动语态用于以下几种情况

1. 不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者。如：

Many new buildings are built in our city.

2. 强调动作的承受者。如：

The wounded man has been sent to a hospital.

3. 动作执行者有比较长的修饰语。如：

The person was supported by those who wished to have a chance to make friends with him.

4. 出于礼貌，不愿说出动作的执行者。如：

You are requested to attend the party.

二、过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别

1. 系表结构中的过去分词是表示主语的特征或状态;而被动结构则是表示主语是动作的承受者。试比较：

Our building is surrounded with the trees.

The film is usually showed on Sunday.

2. 系表结构不能带有by引导的短语;而被动结构中可以用by引导的短语引出动作的执行者。试比较：

The book is well written.

The book was written by Lu Xun.

[中考英语被动语态解析]

篇2：中考英语被动语态专项练习题

1、正确理解教材本节就是要让学生回顾被动语态，由汉语学过把字句、被字句引入，加深对被动语态的理解。

2、实证地分析学生情况我们的学生来自偏僻的.农村，英语基础较差，但有学习的`热情，有上进的决心。

3、清晰地确定与表述课时目标。

4、以学生为主体设计教学活动。让学生通过练习得出结论。

5、对教学重点难点或需要注意的地方教学强化。

但是还有些地方值得改进：

1、没有注意对个别差异较大的同学个别指导。

2、有点注重完成课时内容，没有注重尽量关注每一个学生，没有注意对沉默和边缘的学生予以特别关注，而是更多地关注教学设计和教学内容的完成。

3、学生课堂反映不够好。

篇3：英语中的被动语态

一、动词被动语态的基本结构是:be+P.P

(P.P为past participle的缩写形式, 即动词的过去分词)

1.一般现在时的被动语态:am, is, are+P.P (过去分词)

e.g.I am given a lot of work to do.

The garden is watered every morning.

2.一般过去时的被动语态:was, were+P.P

e.g.The window was broken last night.

They were given a warm send-off at the airport.

3.一般将来时的被动语态:shall, will+be+P.P

e.g.The project will be completed next month.

Shall I be allowed to go with you?

4.一般过去将来时的被动语态would+be+P.P

e.g.We were sure that he would be punished.

I didn’t expect that I would be asked to speak.

5.现在进行时的被动语态:am, is, are+being+P.P

e.g.The road is being repaired.

The books are being read by children.

6.过去进行时的被动语态:was, were+being+P.P

e.g.The baby was being looked after by his sister.

These ancient buildings were being renovated.

7.现在完成时的被动语态:has, have+been+P.P

e.g.She hasn’t been told about it yet.

They have been warned not to swim there.

8.过去完成时的被动语态:had+been+P.P

e.g.The factory had been closed down.

She had been sent to hospital.

9.情态动词的被动语态:情态动词 (can, may, must, could, might, should) +be+P.P

e.g.English can be spoken in the world.

The road may be further widened.

二、如何将主动语态的句子变为被动语态的句子。

1.划出主动语态句子中的主语、谓语、宾语;

2.让主动语态句子中的宾语作被动语态句子的主语;

3.谓语动词变为被动结构;

4.主动语态句子中的主语作了介词by的宾语, 构成介词短语, 作状语, 置于句后, 有时可以省略。

e.g.We plant the trees every year.

e.g.A young lady runs the supermarket.

→The supermarket is run by a young lady.

三、主要在什么情况下使用被动语态

掌握被动结构的形式很重要, 但使用却要慎重。

1.不知道动作的执行者是谁, 这时只好用被动结构

Three people were injured.有三人受伤。

The building was burned down.这座建筑完全焚毁了。

2.不必提到动作的执行者, 也可用被动结构

The book was published in 2000.这本书是2000年出版的。

The plant was shut down for twomonths.工厂关闭了两个月。

3.动作的承受者 (或结果) 是谈话的中心

Are these goods made by machin-ery?这些货物是机器生产的吗?

Her children were looked after byneighbors when she was ill.她生病时孩子们由邻居照管。

这类句子常有一个by引导的短语说明动作的执行者, 有时也可没有。

When he arrived home he was ar-rested (by a detective) .他到家时被捕了。

A new public library is being built (byour local council) .一座新的公共图书馆正在修建。

4.动作的执行者很模糊 (如指people, one等) , 故用被动结构也很自然

It’s suggested that we put themeeting off.有人建议延期举行。

This sort of advertisement is seeneverywhere.这种广告到处可见。

5.为了措辞上的圆通, 常避免说出动作的执行者

It is generally considered rude tostare at people.盯着看人通常认为是粗鲁无理的。

It’s hoped that such things wouldnot happen again.希望这样的事不再发生。

6.为了使句子得到更好的安排

He appeared on the stage and waswarmly applauded by the audience.

他在台上出现, 观众热烈鼓掌 (这样用一个主语即可) 。

The plan was supported by thosewho wish to live on the campus.

这个计划受到在校园住的人的支持 (若为主动结构句子就较难安排) 。

四、一些常使用被动结构的情况

1.公告、通知

e.g.Lying on the floor is strictlyprohibited.严禁躺在地板上。

Applications must be sent in by31st July.必须于7月31日前提出申请。

2.新闻报导

e.g.The search for the bank rob-bers continues.Meanwhile many people have been questioned and the owner of the stolen getaway car hasbeen traced.

搜索银行劫匪的行动在继续着。与此同时, 许多人受到盘问, 并一直在查找劫匪逃逸时所偷汽车的车主。

3.报纸标题 (动词be常被省略)

e.g.Congressman Assassinated!国会议员遭到暗杀!

Two Drug Traffickers Hanged in Singapore!两名毒贩在新加坡被绞死!

4.科技文章

e.g.The mixture is placed in a cru-cible and is heated to a temperature of300℃.It is then allowed to cool before it can be analyzed。

篇4：中考英语被动语态考查热点透视

[热点一] 考查被动语态的时态

在中考英语中,对谓语动词被动语态的各种时态考查主要集中在一般现在时､一般过去时､一般将来时､现在完成时和过去完成时｡

一､ 一般现在时被动语态的构成及用法

一般现在时的被动语态由“am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词”构成,表示现在经常性或习惯性的被动动作,句中常含有today, every day, often等表示现在的时间状语｡例如:

1. —How clean and tidy your bedroom is!

—Thank you. It ________ every day.

A. cleansB. is cleaned

C. was cleanedD. is cleaning(2006年绍兴市)

2. Most of rice in China________in the south.

A. are grownB. is grown

C. growD. grows(2005年贵阳市)

3. —Will you come to the dinner party?

—I won’t come unless Jenny________ .

A. will be invitedB. can be invited

C. invitedD. is invited(2004年安徽省)

4. —I want to know when________have a field trip.

—We’ll have it when all the work________ .

A. you are; will finishB. you will; finishes

C. you will; is finishedD. you will; is finish(2005年辽宁省)

5. Today computers________in both cities and towns.

A. were usingB. are used

C. were usedD. are using(2005年陕西省)

6. —Mum, may I go out to play football this afternoon?

—Yes， you can if your homework________ .

A. is doneB. will do

C. has doneD. will be done(2005年漳州市)

二､ 一般过去时被动语态的构成及用法

一般过去时的被动语态由“was/were + 及物动词的过去分词”构成,表示在过去时间发生的被动动作,句中常含有yesterday, last year, ten years ago等表示过去的时间状语｡例如:

1. The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he________to the hospital.

A. takesB. is taken

C. tookD. was taken(2005年北京市)

2. Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it________ ?

A. builtB. was built

C. has builtD. has been built(2005年河北省)

3. —Who is the little boy in the picture?

—It’s me. The picture________ 10 years ago.

A. tookB. is taken

C. has takenD. was taken(2005年山东省课改卷)

4. —Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.

—I’m sorry, but I________when to meet.

A. don’t tellB. didn’t tell

C. haven’t toldD. wasn’t told(2005年江西省)

5. The recorder________yesterday. It works OK now.

A. repairedB. was repaired

C. has repairedD. will be repaired(2005年南通市课改卷)

6. —Did Jack come to our party yesterday?

—No, he________ .

A. wasn’t invitedB. didn’t invite

C. isn’t invitedD. hasn’t invited(2005年宁波市课改卷)

7. —These bananas look different and they are sweet.

—Right. They________here from Taiwanyesterday.

A. was broughtB. were brought

C. bringD. are brought(2005年福州市)

三､ 一般将来时被动语态的构成及用法

一般将来时的被动语态由“shall/will + be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成,表示将来某一时间将要发生的被动动作,句中常含有tomorrow, next week, in a few years’ time等表示将来的时间状语｡例如:

1. A new bridge will________ across the river.

A. be buildingB. be built

C. buildD. builds(2005年武汉市)

2. —I know Mr White is very angry with me. What does he say?

—He says you________away if you’re late again.

A. are sendingB. has been sent

C. are going to sendD. will be sent(2005年厦门市课改卷)

3. —But where are the books?

—Don’t worry. They________ here in no time.

A. have sentB. will be sent

C. are sendingD. have been sent(2005年武汉市课改卷)

4. I believe that those mountains________with trees in a few years’ time.

A. are coveredB. will be covered

C. are coveringD. will cover(2004年沈阳市)

5. Many old houses around our school________next year and a large green area will appear.

A. pull downB. will be pulled down

C. will pull downD. are pulled down(2005年上海市)

四､ 现在完成时被动语态的构成及用法

现在完成时的被动语态由“have/has + been + 及物动词的过去分词”构成,表示到目前为止已经完成的某个被动动作,句中常含有 already, up to now， “since + 时间点”等时态标志｡例如:

1. Look, Jack. Your bag________ .

A. will findB. has been found

C. had found(2002年武汉市)

2. Many more houses________for teachers since last year.

A. are buildingB. built

C. have builtD. have been built(2000年广州市)

五､ 过去完成时被动语态的构成及用法

过去完成时的被动语态由“had + been + 及物动词的过去分词”构成,表示某个被动动作发生在“过去的过去”｡例如:

After the party, some of the students picked up all the rubbish that________on the floor of the hall.

A. has been droppedB. has been fallen

C. had been droppedD. had been fallen(2005年呼和浩特市)

[热点二] 考查含有情态动词的谓语动词的被动语态的构成及用法

含有情态动词的句子在变为被动句时,其结构为“情态动词(can, may, must, should 等) + be + 及物动词的过去分词”,常常用来表示具有某种特定感情色彩的被动动作｡例如:

1. Because of the dry weather, lots of water________to water the crops.

A. must carryB. mustn’t carry

C. must be carriedD. be carried(2005年昆明市)

2. —The pollution problem here seems to get more and more serious.

—Yes. Something________withit.

A. has doneB. must be done

C. is doingD. was done(2005年河南省)

3. I think high school students should________pocket money.

A. be givingB. have given

C. giveD. be given(2005年杭州市)

4. The flowers________every day, or they’ll die.

A. must waterB. can be watered

C. should waterD. must be watered(2005年天津市)

5. Today the forests have almost gone. People must________down too many trees.

A. stop from cuttingB. stop to cut

C. be stopped from cuttingD. be stopped to cut(2005年沈阳市)

[热点三] 考查短语动词的被动语态

有些由“动词 + 介词”或“动词 + 副词”或“动词+名词+介词”构成的短语动词,如look after, talk about, laugh at, listen to, take care of, pay attention to等,在意义上相当于一个及物动词,变为被动语态时,要将整个短语动词视为一个整体,后面的介词或副词不能漏掉｡例如:

1. The baby________by his grandparents from Monday to Friday.

A. was taken careB. was taken care of

C. was looked at(2005年重庆市)

2. A neighbour helped to keep our dog. It________while we were on holiday.

A. was taken careB. took care of

篇5：中考英语被动语态专项练习题

1.Liza ___ well not want to go on the trip --- she hates traveling.

A. will B. can C. must D. may

2. John promised his doctor he ________ not smoke, and he has smoked ever since.

A. might B. should C. could D. would.

3. They must have been enjoying themselves there, otherwise they ________ so long.

A. can’t have stayed B. wouldn’t have stayed C. needn’t have stayed D. couldn’t stay

4. What a pity. Considering his ability and experience, he ____ better.

A. need have done B. must have done C. can have done D. might have done

5.You can’t imagine that a top student _________ have failed in the college entrance examination.

A. might B. need C. should D. would

6. Although this ____ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.

A. must B. may C. shall D. should

7. She ______ have left school, for her bike is still here.

A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

8. ---I can’t find my purse anywhere.

---You have lost it while shopping.

A. may B. can C. should D. would

9 . Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter go and do the opposite.

A. may B. can C. must D. should

10. Peter ______ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.

A. shall B. should C. can D. must

11. ---Could you tell me what happened last night?

---I can’t go into detail now because it _______ take too long.

A. would B. should C. might D. could

12. You don’t have to know the name of the author to find a book. You ____find the book by the title.

A. must B. need C. can D. would

13.---How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?

---It should________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.

A. will B. would C. should D. must

14.---Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.

---Great! You _________ read widely and put a lot of work into it.

A. must B. should C. must have D. should have

15.The biggest problem for most plants, which ___________ just get up and run away when threatened(威胁), is that animals like to eat them.

A. shan’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t

16. If it were not for the fact that she ___________ sing, I would invite her to the party.

A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not

17.---May I smoke here?

---If you __________, choose a seat in the smoking section.

A. should B. could C. may D. must

18.---What’s the name?

---Khulaifi. __________ I spell that for you?

A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might

19.---Where’s is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.

--- You ___________ it in the wrong place.

A. must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put

20. ---What does the sigh over there read?

--- No person __________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.

A. will B. may C. shall D. must

21.---My cat’s really fat.

--- You _________ have given here so much food.

A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t

22. ---What do you think we can do for our aged parents?

---You_________ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.

A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t

23.--- Turn off the TV, Jack. _________ your homework now?

---Mum, just ten more minutes, please.

A. should you be doing B. Shouldn’t you be doing

C. Couldn’t you be doing D. Will you be doing

24. We __________ have proved great adventures, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.

A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t

25.---Mom’s gift? She_______ have chosen a better one for me.

---She _______ be very happy to know it.

A. should; must B. might; wouldn’t C. couldn’t; must D. mustn’t; can’t

26. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _______ at least 150 kilometers an hour.

A. should have been doing B. must have been doing

C. could have done D. would have done

27. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front ______ to arrive.

A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected

28. I like these English songs and they ________many times on the radio.

A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught

29.---Who should be responsible for the accident?

---The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order _________.

A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told

30. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention _____ when we talked on the phone.

A. to promote B. having been promoted

C. having promoted D. to be promoted

31.--- Do you think we should accept that offer?

---Yes, we should, for we_________such bad luck up till now, and time__________out.

A. have had; is running B. had; is running

C. have; has been run D. have had; has been run

32. He as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics.

A. regarded B. was regarded C. . has regarded D. had been regarded

33.---What’s that noise?

---Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ______.

A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested

34. As the yeas passed, many occasions-birthdays, awards, graduations-__________ with Dad’s flowers.

A. are marked B. were marked C. have marked D. had marked

35. It is said that the early European playing cared_________ for entertainment and education.

A. were being designed B. have designed

C. have been designed D. were designed

36.We tried many times, but the engine just _________.

A. wouldn’t start B. wasn’t started C. wasn’t starting D. wouldn’t be started

37. If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what _________ in science and technology.

A. had discovered B. had been discovered C. has covered D. has been discovered

38. ---I don’t suppose the police know who did it.

---Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and ________ now.

A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned

39. Although the causes of cancer _________, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.

A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering

C. are uncovering D. have uncovered

40. In a room above the store, where a party _________ , some workers were busily setting the table.

A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held

41.The new dictionaries are very useful. They______ well and ______ already.

A. sell; have been sold out B. sold ; had sold out

C. sell; sell out D. are sold; have been sold out

42. Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will _____ for several days.

A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed

43. The dog got _______ over by a passing car.

A. running B. run C. to run D. to be run

Keys:

1.D 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. A 9.C 10. C

11. A 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. C

26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32.B 33. C 34. B 35. D 36.A 37. B 38. D 39.A 40. A

41. A 42. B 43. B

篇6：初中被动语态的练习题及答案

1.The streets ______ many times every day. A. clean B. cleans C. cleaned D. are cleaned

2. —What happened to Martin yesterday?

—He ______ by a car when he was crossing the road. A. hits B. was hit C. hit D. is hit

3. The 30th Olympic Games ______ in London in . A. held B. is hold C. will hold D. will be held

4. The students _______ how to do the experiment in class yesterday. A. taught B. were taught C. are taught D. teach

5. The music is very loud and it can ______ from a long way away. A. be heard B. is heard C. hear D. heard

6. A new supermarket ______ in my hometown next month. A. build B. will be built C. built D. builds

7. Mr. Smith has a loud voice. His voice can ______ clearly even in that big classroom. A. hear B. be heard C. be hearing D. have heard

8. —Now computers ______ everywhere.

—I agree with you. I think they are the most useful inventions in the world. A. are using B. use C. are used D. will use

9. —The pizza ______ by my mum just now. Would you like to have some?

—Yes, please. A. will be served B. served C. will serve D. was served

10.The whole China ______ to tears by Cairen Danzhou(才仁旦舟), the youngest volunteer and hero in Yushu，Qinghai Province.

A. move B. moves C. is moving D. is moved

11. Thousands of Japanese people _____ during the earthquake and tsunami last month. A. killed B. are killed C. were killed D. were killing

12. It’s well-known that the telephone ______ by Bell in 1876.

A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented

13. The new supermarket _____ two years ago. A. built B. builds C. is built D. was built

14. It is true that knowledge ______ instead of being taught. A. learns B. learned C. is learned D. was learned

15. —How beautiful the library! —Yes. It ________ last year.

A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built

16. These photos ______ on the Great Wall last week. A. were taken B. took C. take D. are taken

17. —Can you read this letter for me? — Sorry. It ______ in French. I can’t read it.

A. writes B. wrote C. is written D. is writing

18. Our school ______ 20 years ago.

A. built B. builds C. is built D. was built

19. A talk on the history of the Great Wall ______ in the school hall next week. A. gives B. gave C. will be given D. is given

20. —Look at the sign on the wall.

—Oh, smoking here.

A. doesn’t allow B. didn’t allow C. isn’t allowed D. wasn’t allowed

1. D 本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。主语“the streets”与动词“clean”之间为被动关系。“every day”为一般现在时的标志词。一般现在时的被动语态的结构为：am/ is/ are+过去分词，故选择D。

2. B 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。主语“He”与动词“hit”之间为被动关系。“yesterday”为一般过去时的标志词，句意为“(昨天)他在过马路时被车撞了”，故本题时态应为一般过去时。一般过去时的被动语态的构成：was/were+过去分词，故选择B。 3. D 本题考查的是一般将来时的被动语态。主语“The 30th Olympic Games”与动词“hold”之间为被动关系。又因为“in 2012”为一般将来时的标志词。一般将来时的被动语态的构成：will be +过去分词，故选择D。

4. B 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。主语“the students”与动词“teach”之间为被动关系。“yesterday”为一般过去时的标志词，句意为“昨天在课上学生们被教导如何做实验”，故本题的时态应为一般过去时。一般过去时的被动语态的构成：was/were+过去分词，故选择B。

5. A 本题考查的是含有情态动词的被动语态。主语“it”指代的是“music”，与动词“hear”间为被动关系。又根据题干中的“can”可知是含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词，故选择A。

6. B 本题考查的是一般将来时的被动语态。“next month”是未来的时间，因此用将来时的被动形式“will be +动词的过去分词”，故选择B。

7. B 本题考查的`是含有情态动词can的被动语态。带有can，may，must等情态动词的被动语态的构成是“情态动词+be+动词的过去分词”，故选择B。

8. C 本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。句意是“现在电脑被应用于各个领域”，可知是一般现在时的被动语态，故选择C。

9. D 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。“just now”为过去的时间，pizza为主语，所以用过去式的被动语态，故选择D。

10. D 本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。由句意“整个中国被感动落泪”可知是一般现在时的被动语态，故选择D。

11. C 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。“last month”是一般过去时的标志词，再根据句意“成千上万的日本民众在地震和海啸中遇难”，可知选择C。

12. D 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。“n 1876”为过去的时间，排除A和C，根据句意“电话被发明”，可知选择D。

13. D 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。“two years ago”为过去的时间，排除A和C，根据句意“这家新超市是2年前被建造的”，可知是被动语态，故选择D。

14. C 本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。由句意“知识被学”可知是被动语态，由It is true又可知是一般现在时，故选择C。

15. C 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。句意是“图书馆于去年被建”，故选择C。 16. A 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意“照片于上周被照”，故选择A。 17. C 本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意“这封信是用法语写的”可知是被动语态，故选择C。

18. D 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意“我们的学校是前被建造的”，可知应该用一般过去时的被动语态，故选择D。

19. C 本题考查的是一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意“一个关于长城历史的报告将于下

周在我们学校礼堂(被)举行”可知是一般将来时的被动语态，故选择C。

篇7：初中英语被动语态讲解

―I’ve just returned. I ______ to Zhengzhou for a meeting last month.

A. am sent

B. was sent

C. am sending

篇8：英语里的被动语态

英语中的时态其实是两个概念:谓语动词的时和态。英语中的“时”比较多,而“态”就不多了。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。语态是表示主语和谓语的关系。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,或者说动作是由主语完成的;被动语态则表示主语是谓语动词的接受者,即主语是动作的承受者;或者动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的。

其实所谓被动语态就相当于中文里的“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等次来表示被动的被字句,而英语里的被动语态是由“be动词+ 及物动词的过去分词形式(V.pp)”构成,其中“be”动词有时、人称和数的变化,“be”动词的变化形式与主动语态中的“be”动词的变化形式完全以一样,在人称和数方面与主语保持一致。其在英语常见的八种时态和含有情态动词是的具体变化形式如下:

1. 一般现在时:主语+am/is/are + V.pp

2. 一般过去时:主语+was/were + V.pp

3. 一般将来时:主语+will be +V.pp

4. 现在进行时:主语+am/is/are +being( 固定不变) +V.pp

5. 过去进行时:主语+was/were +being( 固定不变) +V.pp

6. 现在完成时:主语+have/has been +V.pp

7. 过去完成时:主语+had been +V.pp

8. 过去将来时:would be + V.pp

9. 含有情态动词:情态动词+be V.pp

二、被动语态的实际运用

通过以上的讲解,同学们现在对于英语中的被动语态应该有了一定的了解,那么,现在让我们来看一看在具体不同的时态情况下怎样使用被动语态。

1. 一般现在时:主语+am/is/are + V.pp如:

Rice is grown in the south of China.中国南方种植水稻。

The classroom is cleaned every day.教室每天被打扫。

2. 一般过去时:主语+was/were +V.pp如:

His lessons were not forgotten easily.他的课不容易被忘掉。

The bike wasfixed yesterday.自行车昨天被修理了。

3. 一般将来时:主语+will be +V.pp如:

Plenty of food will be given to the homeless people.

无家可归的人将会被提供充足的食物。

A new bridge will be built over the river next year.

明年河上要建一座新桥。

4. 现在进行时:主语+am/is/are +being( 固定不变) +V.pp如:

The classrooms are being cleaned by the volunteers. 教室正在被志愿者们打扫。

A new bridge is being built. 一座新桥正在建造。

5.过去进行时:主语+was/were+being(固定不变)+V.pp如:

The trees were being planted in the campus at this time of last year.

去年的这个时候校园里正在植树。

The street was being cleaned at that time.

那时候正在打扫街道。

6.现在完成时:主语+have/has been+V.pp如:

My money has been stolen.我的钱被偷了。

His bike has been repaired well.他的自行车已经修好了。

7.过去完成时:主语+had been+V.pp如:

When I got to the office,I found that all the projects had beenfinished.

当我到达办公室的时候,发现所有的工作已经完成了。

When I got there,the books written by Mo Yan had been sold out.

当我到达时,莫言的书已经卖光了。

8. 过去将来时:would be +V.pp如:

He said his homework would befinished on time.

他说他的作业会按时完成。

The workers told me that the building would be built as soon as possible.

工人们告诉我这栋建筑将尽可能快地建成。

9. 含有情态动词:情态动词+be V.pp如:

The room must be kept clean. 房间必须保持干净。

Teenagers shouldn’t be allowed to get pierced. 不能允许青少年打耳洞。

三、应该使用被动语态的情况

1. 当不知道动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时,这时往往不用by短语。如:

Rice is grown in the south of China.中国南方种植水稻。

This jacket is made of cotton.这件上衣是棉料的。

These cars are made in Korea. 这些汽车是韩国制造的。

Calculator can’t be used in the maths exam. 计算器不能用于数学考试。

Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn’t be taken away. 不能被拿走阅览室里的书和报纸。

2. 为了突出或强调动作的承受者;如果为了强调动作的执行者需要指出动作的执行者,用by短语。如:

Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.

要求参观者不可触摸展品。

The glass was broken by Tom.

玻璃是被汤姆打破的。

There records were made by John.这些记录是约翰创造的。

3.出于策略、委婉、礼貌等不提出动作的执行者。如:

You are said to be active recently.

据说你最近很活跃。

It is said he is a great leader.据说他是一位优秀的领导者。

The new lab must be completed by the end of next month.

新实验室必须在下个月底之前完工。

4.当动作的执行者不是人时,也常常使用被动语态。如:

Many trees were blown down by the wind.

许多大树被风刮倒了。

His lesson isn’t forgotten easily.

他的课不容易被忘掉。

5. 在以下短语中:

不得而知……It’s not known that…

众所周知……It’s well known…

据建议……It’s suggested that…

据说……It’s said that…

据报道……It’s reported that…

尚未决定……It’s not decided that…

大家相信……It’s believed that…

大家希望……It’s hoped that…

四、下列情况下的谓语动词的主动形式含有被动的意义

1. 某些感官动词(feel, look, seem, taste, sound, 等)一般其的主动形式表示被动意义。如:

That book smells old.那本书有一股霉味。

This material feels soft.这种材料摸起来很柔软。

The cake smells well.蛋糕闻起来很香。

2. 有少数动词(bind,cook,do,print等)当句子的主语是指物时,其进行时含有被动意义。如:

The meat is cooking. 肉正在烤。

The books are printing. 书正在印刷。

3. 用某些不及物动词表示被动意义。 如carry,cut,drive,iron,keep,lock,open,pick,read。sell,shut,tear,wash,wear,write等等。这类动词既能作及物动词,也能作不及物动词。作不及物动词时,形式上虽为主动,却表示被动意义。如:

His novel sells well. 他的小说很畅销。

4. 动词get,come,go之后接过去分词,表示被动意义。get的这种用法局限于口语和非正式的书面语言中,更强调动作的结果而非动作本身,并常用来表示突发性的、出乎意料的偶然事件。而come和go常接含否定意义的过去分词。如:

They got delayed because of the holiday traffic.

由于节日交通阻塞,他们被耽误了。

Students shouldn’t be allowed to get pierced. 不能允许学生打耳洞。

5.在need(want,require,deserve等)doing句型中,动名词(doing)相当于动词不定式的被动式(to be+V.pp),两者在意思上没有多大区别。如:

The garden needs watering.

→The garden needs to be watered.花园需要浇水。

6. 在某些形容词+ 动词不定式的句型中,其动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。如:

The question is easy to answer.这问题容易回答。

That book is difficult to understand.那本书难懂。

7. 有些动词不定式无论用主动形式还是被动形式,动词不定式和主语的关系都是被动的。如:

There are a lot of books to read(to be read)。有许多书要读。

Is there something to drink?有喝的吗?

五、试题集锦

()1.Many accidents______by careless drivers last year.(北京)

A.are caused B.were caused C.have caused D.will cause

( )2. An official ______ by some reporters on food problems in Shanghai yesterday. ( 上海)

A.is interviewing B.is interviewed

C.was interviewing D.was interviewed

()3.Today a lot of information can______online.(天津)

A.receive B.be received C.is received D.receiving

()4.I’m glad tofind that many trees______in our city last year.(重庆)

A.plant B.planted C.were planted D.are planted

()5.Driving after drinking wine______in China.(陕西)

A.allows B.doesn’t allow C.is allowed D.isn’t allowed

()6.Don’t worry.Your package______here until you come back,so enjoy shopping here.(安徽)

A.will keep B.has kept C.will be kept D.has been kept

()7.It’s true that Shakespeare’s plays______by so many people every year.(山东)

A.see B.will see C.are seeing D.are seen

()8.People who drink wine______to drive after May Day.(广东)

A.don’t allow B.isn’t allowed C.mustn’t allow D.mustn’t be allowed

()9.—What happened to Billy?

—He______because of his drinkdriving.(江西)

A.is caught B.was caught C.has caught D.had caught

()10.The Spring Festival______in January of February.(河北)

A.celebrates B.is celebrated C.celebrated D.was celebrated

()11.Soft drinks______to children for free in some restaurants on Children’s Day.(河南)

A.offer B.have offered C.are offered D.will be offered

()12.A friendly basketball match between teachers and students______tomorrow afternoon.Anybody is welcome.(浙江丽水)

A.was held B.will be held C.is held D.must be held

()13.The computer is broken.______it______today?(辽宁沈阳)

A.Will;repair B.Has;repaired

C.Will;be repaired D.Has;been repaired

()14.Many trees andflowers______in our city every year.(广西桂林)

A.planted B.are planted C.were planted D.plants

()15.When will the birthday party______,on Monday evening or Tuesday evening?(江苏徐州)

A.hold B.be held C.held D.be holding

()16.It will be two days before the decision______.(内蒙古包头)

A.has made B.will be made C.was made D.is made

()17.—Did you go to Jim’s birthday party?

—No,I______.(内蒙古呼和浩特)

A.haven’t invited B.didn’t invite C.am not invited D.wasn’t invited

()18.At last the boy was made______and began to laugh.(内蒙古呼和浩特)

A.stop crying B.to stop to cry C.to stop crying D.stop to cry

()19.—Do you know Lucy’s grandma?

—Of course.She is a kind woman,but she has______for about a month since she______in the accident.(四川达州)

A.been dead;was killed B.died;was killed

C.been dead;killed D.died;killed

()20.English______more and more widely today.So we must learn it well.(四川广元)

A.uses B.used C.is used

()21.—How many people will______to your birthday party?

—Twelve.(四川南充)

A.invite B.be invited C.be inviting

()22.Computers______widely in our daily life.(四川宜宾)

A.use B.used C.were used D.are used

()23.Half of the work______by now.(广西柳州)

A.hasfinished B.has beenfinished C.have beenfinished

()24.His car was______by the police because he drove too fast.(湖南益阳)

A.stopping B.stopped C.stop

()25.He likes reading very much.Most of his money______on books.(贵州毕节)

A.is spent B.spend C.spends D.are spent

参考答案: