从句

从句（共6篇）

篇1：从句

第四节 定语从句的译法

1.Everything he said seemed quite reasonable.2.She made a list of all the articles there are on the subject.3.There is no difficulty we can’t overcome.4.Begin is really a devious sort of guy who will do these things.5.Last week I saw Modern Times with Charlie Chaplin playing the leading role, which I think

one of the most amusing films.6.Westminster Abbey, which is one of the oldest churches in Great Britain, contains the graves

of many famous Englishmen.7.Our teacher, who is getting old, will soon retire.8.My uncle, who will be seventy tomorrow, is still a keen sportsman.9.Envoys were sent who could strengthen our international position.10.Chinese trade delegations have been sent to African countries, who will negotiate trade

agreements with the respective governments.第三节 名词从句的译法

1.What she was afraid of was their taking her daughter abroad.2.Whatever I have is at your service.3.Whoever fails to see this will make a big blunder.4.Isn’t it strange that he should have left without telling us?

5.It is a consolation that she is still alive.6.That he will refuse the offer is unlikely.7.Everybody knows that matter takes up space.8.I promised him that I would give him more help.9.He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.10.That is why we called off the meeting.11.The idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong.12.I have no idea when he will return.第五节 状语从句的译法

1.She sobbed as she told us her miserable past.2.“Why did you ask me to come in the middle of the battle?” Mr.Bethune asked General Nieh

as soon as he entered.3.As the weather was fine, I opened all the windows.4.Now that everybody is here, let’s begin our discussion.5.What if anything happened to me?

6.We’ll come over to see you on Wednesday if we have time.7.But Prometheus also knew, powerful as Zeus was, once a god had given a gift, it could not be

taken away.8.However hard the task may be, we must fulfil it in time.9.Jim did not answer back lest his mother should be angry with him.10.People came here from all over Europe in order that they could study Owen’s methods.

篇2：从句

一、定语从句

1.定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出 现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which； 关系副词有：when, where, why。2.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

（1）限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意

思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与先行词分开。例：This is the boy who broke the window.（2）非限制性定语从句在意义上只是一个附加修饰语，对先行词或主句作些附加的说明。如果去掉，主

句的意思仍然清楚。书写时往往用逗号与先行词分开。例：I, who am your friend, will share the work with you.3.非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”：（1）非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。

（2）非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which 代替。例：I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.（3）由“介词+关系代词”引导时，关系代词不能用as。（4）指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom，不能省略。4.在定语从句中，下列情况的关系词用that而不用which:（1）先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、数词等几种词修饰或被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时。例：This is the best film that I have ever read.（2）先行词为all, much, little, none, few, one, something, everything, anything等不定代词时。

例：He told me everything that he knows.（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。

例：He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.（4）先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在定语从句中作表语时。例：The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时；或者句中已经有who或which，为了避免重复时。

例：Which are the books that you bought for me ? 5.其他注意事项

（1）当the way做先行词时，只用that, in which或不用关系词。例：What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it.（2）在限制性定语从句中，名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as不能用which。例：Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.（3）在非限制性定语从句中，as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，像”的含义，可以 放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。例：They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.6.定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象

定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句。在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，阅读时要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。

（1）在定语从句加中插入语，常见的有：I think,I suppose,I guess,I imagine等。辨别的方法是：去掉插入 语后，原句句法结构仍然完整。

例：He made another wonderful discovery,which I think isof importance to science.（2）在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语。

例：There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.（3）在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个定语。

例：Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace? 你还记得吗，十年前的一天下午，我来到你家，找你借了一条钻石项链？

（4）先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔开来。此时，先行词通常是句子的主语，因定语从句较长，主句谓语

较短，为使句子平衡，常将定语从句移至谓语之后。例：A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.7.几个特殊的定语从句句型

（1）He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.（句中one为先行词）He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先行词）（2）Is this place the one(that)we visited yesterday?（句中the one为先行词）Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?（句中 the place为先行词）（3）He stood at the window,from where he could see what was happening.（4）It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.8.定语从句的做题方法：（1）找出主句，确定先行词；

（2）找出从句，判断从句是否完整（是否符合简单句的基本构成）---否，用关系代词；是，用关系副词。

二、同位语从句

1.同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。

同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，而且不能省略。例：The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2.同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.三、定语从句与同位语从句的区别

1.定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时可以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语）；而同位语从句中的that 是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。

2.定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述先行词的性质或特征；同位语 从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。

例：The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语。The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分，用于说明news的内容。

【注意】当主句的谓语部分过短时而从句过长时，同位语从句放在谓语动词的后面，避免头重脚轻。例：Word came that our team had won the game.四、定语从句与状语从句的区别

1.定语从句的前面有名词作先行词，而状语从句没有先行词。

例：This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.这是几年前我们居住的地方。（定语从句，先行词为the place）Let’s go where we can find a better job.我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）

2.定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词，只能放在先行词的后面，而状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以 放在主句的前面。

例：Do you know the time when the class is over? 你知道下课的时间吗？（定语从句）

When the class was over, it was already five o’clock.当下课时己经是5点了。（时间状语从句）3.When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词＋which”的结构来替换，在引导状语从句时却不行。例：This is the factory in which(where)his father once worked.这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。（定语从句）

Put back the book where it was.把书放回原处。（状语从句）

4.定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分，因此去掉它则从句成分不完整；而结果状语从句中的 连接词在从句中不作任何成分，去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。例：It is such an interesting book as we all like.as用作动词like的宾语，它引导的是定语从句。It is such an interesting book that we all like it.that不充当句子成分，故它引导的是结果状语从句。

五、强调句

1.强调句型的基本结构：It is/was + 被强调部分（主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状等）+ that/who +句子 的其余部分。

例：It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street.（强调时间状语）2.强调句中含有not until的句子

在强调not until句型时，not 位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即 itis(was)+not until +从句或者短语 +that+其它..例：It was not until he had finished the work that he went home.六、定语从句与强调句的区别

1.定语从句中关系词作从句成分，关系词作宾语时可省略；强调句中that / who没有任何意义且不能省略。

2.强调句中的it无意义，that / who不是引导词。

3.强调句it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。

例：It is the museum that / which we visited last year.（定语从句）It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）

例题赏析：

1.There’s a feeling in me we’ll never know what a UFO is – not ever.A.that

B.which

C.of which

D.what 【解析】此题考查同位语从句that的用法。that引导同位语从句修饰a feeling，只是做补充成分而已。句 意是我内心有种感觉我们永远不会知道UFO是什么—从来也不知道。故此题选A.2.His uncle works in a factorybicycles are made． A.that B.which

C.where

D.there 【解析】此题考查定语从句关系副词的用法。bicycles are made in the factory, 此处缺少介词in,故需用关系

副词来引导，where相当于in which，因此选择C.练习

1.Tom’s dog became ill and died, made him very lonely.A.what B.which

C.that

D.where 2.Information has been put forward more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while

B.that

C.when

D.as 3.He wanted to know the time he needed to know.A.that B.when

C.where

D.what 4.Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.where 5.He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school.A.which B.who

C.when

D.that 6.Next month, you’ll spend in your hometown is coming.A.which B.that

C.when

D.where 7.There isn’t so much noise in the country in big cities.A.that B.which

C.where

D.as

8.Do you know the man ? A.whom I spoke

C.I spoke to

B.to who I spoke D.that I spoke 9.It is not who is right but what is right is of importance.A.which B.it C.that

D.this 10.He’s got himself into a dangerous situationhe was likely to lose control over the plane.A.where

B.which

C.what

D.why 11.when was it you called me yesterday? A.until B.that C.then D.so

12.The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp.A.with which B.with it

C.with that

D.which 13.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without help I would never have got this far.A.who

B.whose

C.whom

D.which 14.It was he came back from Japan that year he met the girl he would like to marry.A.when;then

B.not;until

C.not until;that

D.only;when 15.It was the training he had as a young man made him such a good engineer.A.what;that B.that;what C.that;which D.which;that

参考答案：

1-5 BBACD

6-10 ADCCA

篇3：从句

1.1 有关定语从句的基本概念

(1) 定语从句:就是在复合句里充当定语的从句, 它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面。它是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句, 其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分, 定语从句分为限制性和非限制性从句两种。

(2) 先行词:就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。

(3) 关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

1.2 有关名词性从句的基本概念

(1) 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句, 包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。

(2) 主语从句就是在复合句中做主语的从句。主语从句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引导。

(3) 表语从句就是在系幼词之后作表语的句子。引导表语从句的连接除与引导主语从句的连接除词相同外, 还有as if, as though。

(4) 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的从句。引导宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词基本相同。

(5) 同位语从句就是在句中作同位语的从句。它通常放在though, idea, news, word (=news) , plan, doubt, question, face, suggestion, belief等抽象名词的后面, 说明这些词的具体内容或含义。

2 定语从句与名词性从句的用法

2.1 定语从句的用法

要想掌握定语从句, 首先必须掌握定语从句中关系词的使用。定语从句中的关系词分为两大类, 即关系代词和关系副词。首先我们看一下关系代词在定语从句中的应用, 关系代词分为指人和指物两大种。指人的关系代词有以下几个, 即:who, whose, whom, that, but等, 它们引导的定语从句先行词须是人。Who在定语从句中做主语。例如:Those who play in the river are students.Whose在定语从句中作定语, 后接名词。例如:This is the girl whose mother is an excellent teacher.而whom在定语从句中作宾语。例如:He is a man (whom) you can see everyday.关系代词that在限制性定语从句中既可以做主语也可以作宾语和表语。谈到关系代词but, 则比较特殊而且用起来有所限制。它的特殊之处在用它通常用在there be句型的否定句中, 它通常在句中做主语。例如:There is not one of us but wishes to help you.There are few of us but admire your determination.指物的关系代词有that, which和as, 它们引导的定语从句的先行词必须是物。That, which和as在定语从句中做主语、宾语和表语, 但是that只能引导限制性定语从句, 而which可以引导限制性定语从句和非限制定语从句, as只能引导非限制定语从句。例如:The park which/that.there are many flowers lies there. (which/that引导限制性定语从句) ;The park, which there are many flowers, lies there (which引导非限制定语从句) 。He is a kind man as we all know.就关系副词when, where, why的用法, 总结如下:关系副词when的使用必须具备两个条件: (1) 先行词必须是时间名词; (2) 必须在定语从句中作时间状语。否则, 我们就必须用关系代词that或which。例如:I will never forget the days when we stayed in Chengdu.I will never forget the days that/which we stayed at Chengdu four yearsago。如果先行词是地点名词, 而且在句中作地点状语, 我们应用关系副词where。否则, 我们应用关系代词that或which。例如:Heremembers the place where they met for the first time.This is the place which/that they were born in.那么先行词是the reason, 而且在定语从句中原因状语, 我们应用关系副词why。否则就用关系代词that或which。如:This is the reason why he helped us.This is the reason that/which is very important.关系副词when和where有时可用“介词+which”代替, why可用for which代替。

2.2 名词性从句的用法

名词性从句包括主语、宾语、同位语以及表语从句。主语从句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, that, which, when, where, why, how, whatever, whoever等引导。但有时为了避免头重脚轻, 使句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语, 而将主语从句后置 (注:由连接词what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句一般不能用形式主语。) 引导表语从句的连接词除与引导主语从句的连接词外, 还有as if, as though。引导宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词基本相同。掌握名词性从句同样也需首先掌握先行词。引导名词性从句的连接词分为三部分, 即连接代词、连接副词、以及连词。连接代词有what, whatever, which, whichever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose。连接副词有why, when, where, how等。连词有that, whether, if。连接代词中最主要要掌握what, whatever和which, whichever的用法。What, whatever在句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语, 例如:She is no longer what she used to be.而which, whichever在句中常作定语。例如:Please let me know which book I should need first.而其它的连接代词在句中的成分和定语从句的用法是一样的。关系副词why, when, where, how分别在句中作原因时间、地点、方式状语。连词that在句中不做成分, 但除在宾语从句中外一般不能省掉。whether可引导任何一种名词性从句, 但if却只能引导动词后的宾语从句。从以上的叙述中, 我们可以看到定语从句和名词性从句的主要区别就在what, that, how, whether, if这几个词中。定语从句中不会用到what, how, whether, if这几个词。而that虽然在定语从句中做成分, 但在名词性从句中不做成分只起连接作用。

3 定语从句与名词性从句的不同点和相似性

1) 定语从句在主句中作定语, 简单地说就是主句完整, 定语从句在主句用来修饰名词或名词性的成分。比如:The book that we lent is good.其中that we lent是定语, 修饰先行词“the book”去掉以后留下主干The book is good依然正确。而that是该定语从句的引导词, 在定语从句中做宾语。就是只看从句成分的话就相当于we lent the book.因为从句中和主句中都出现了“the book”, 所以应用that代替the book避免重复。而名词性从句则必须要在从句中担当一个名词性的成分, 比如在主谓宾 (A是B) 句型中, 你可以用从句来当主语或宾语 (A或B) 。在主系表 (A是咋样的) 中当主语或表语 (A和“咋样的”) , 或者作同位语, 同位语就相当于给一个名词作解释。和定语从句不同, 名词性从句除了同位语从句要在主句中做成分。比如:what I said is right在主系表结构中做主语, 如果省掉句子就变成is right这显然是错误what I said中, what是said的宾语, 相当于I said right这一点和定语从句很像。实际上, 这里的what相当于一个先行词+定语从句。比如例句可以写成: (The word that I said) is right。主语是The word is right加入成分是what I said这当然相当别扭, 所以一般写成It is right that I said. (因为这种情况下主语和表语是相同的) 。1、名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句四种。其在句子中的作用相当于一个名词, 分别做主语、宾语、同位语和表语。它们都是一个完整的句子, 都可由that引导, 且句子都用陈述语序。如:A.That she is an English teacher is known to all in our school.That she is an English teacher是由that引导的主语从句, 在句子中做主语) B.The woman that you saw is my mother. (that you saw是由that引导的定语从句, 其作用是修饰the woman的) 。

2) 名词性从句中有种特殊的叫同位语从句和定语从句很相像。如The news that he told me is... (定语) ;The news that he is our headmaster is... (同位语) 。从字面上看, 所谓同位, 就是同一位置, 表示它们说的是同一个内容。The news that he told me is...中that从句中的...只是解释说明news, 实际上是和he told me the news混在一起了而the news that he is our headmaster is...中that从句中的...是news的同位语, 一看就知that从句说的东西是news的内容。判断是否为同位语从句方法很简单, 把先行词当主语, 把从句当表语看句子的逻辑结构是不是对的, 比如上述同位语例子可以写成The news is that he is our headmaster这个句子就没有逻辑错误, 但上述定语从句例子如果写成The news is that he told me译为“这个消息是他告诉我”, 就没有逻辑了。

4 关系词和连接词

1) 定语从句中的that和which比较 (表1)

2) 名词性从句中的that和what

(1) 不省略

(1) 当that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时, that不可省。

(2) 在主+谓+it (形宾) +宾补+that从句 (真宾语) 的句型中, that不可省。

(3) 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中, 第二个宾语从句前的that不可省。

(2) 不做成分:that在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分。

(3) 在引导名词性定语从句时, what在句中不可省略。这一点用法与that不尽相同。一个有词义:what引导名词性从句时, 有词义。一般是…的东西/事情/话等”。一个做成分:what在引导名词性从句时, 在句中充当成分。

5 结语

定语从句和名词性从句是语法学习中及其重要的知识点, 同时也是大多数人难以攻克的难点。正确掌握和使用定语从句和名词性从句能为学生学好英语搭起一座畅通无阻的天桥。

参考文献

[1]陈琳.英语语法[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 2003.

篇4：名词性从句中的what从句

★一：句首what式，引导主语从句，意义为：所------的事（人）

1 （08山东 23） __________ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.

A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As

2(08 福建 27)_________ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympics Games will take place in Beijing.A.ItB.What C. AsD. Which

3(07 福建35)It is none of your business _______ other people think about you. Believe yourself.

A. how B.what C. whichD. when

4(07全国Ⅱ17)_________ matters most in learning English is enough practice.

A. What B. WhyC.Where D. Which

5(06山东 27)__________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.

A.No matter whatB. No matte which C. WhateverD.Whichever

★二：Be动词后的what从句，引导表语从句，意义为：所------的事（人）

6 He isn’t _________ he used to be now.

A.thatB.how C. whatD.which

7(06全国Ⅰ23)See the flags on top of the building? Thatwas _______ we did this morning.

A. when B.which C. whereD.what

★三：介词后的what从句，引导宾语从句，意义为：所------的事（人

8 （08浙江6） Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ________ their parents speak at home.

A.whatB. thatC. whichD. one

9(08重庆 25) People in Chongqing are proud of ________ they have achieved in the past ten years.A. that B.which C. whatD. how

10(07江苏 25) Choosing the right dictionary depends on ________ you want to use it for.

A. what B. whyC.how D.whether

11(07安徽 33) You can only be sure of ________ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something that you might get in the future.

A.thatB.what C. whichD. /

12(2005山东 26) The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ________ he thought was not enough.

A.whereB.how C. whatD. which

★四：动词后的what从句，引导宾语从句，意义为：所------的事（人

13（08北京30） The companies are working together to create ________ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.

A.whichB. thatC. whatD.who

14(08湖南 29) When asked _________they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.

A. what B.why C. whomD. which

15(07天津 15) The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make __________ it is.

A.whatB.which C. howD. where

16(06全国Ⅱ16)--- What did your parents think about your decision?

--- They always let me do __________ I think I should.

A. when B.that C. howD.what

五：平时常见what如下习语，值得同学们熟悉，变通应用：

1.Ais to B what C is to D A之于B来说就如同C之于D一样

Air is to us what water is to fish.

2.what one is 一个人的为人

what one has一个人的财富

A man’s worth lies not so much in what he has as what he is.一个人的价值与其说在于他的财富，不如说在于他的为人。

3. what you call 所谓

what is called所谓

He is what is called a walking dictionary.他就是人们所谓的一本活字典。

4. what with A and( what with) B半因为-------半因为------

What by A and(what by) B半用--------半用------

What with the wind and what with the rain ,his return was put off.有风又有雨，他的回程受耽搁。

5. what is more而且

what is worse跟糟糕的是

篇5：名词性从句中主语从句的讲解

(1)名词性从句(归属于名词类)：

主语从句

表语从句

宾语从句

同位语从句

(2)形容词性从句(起描绘名词的修饰作用，归属于形容词类)：

定语从句

(3)副词性从句(起描绘谓语动词的修饰作用，归属于副词类)：

状语从句

名词性从句

主语从句——一般们于句子的开头，以从属连词引导。

•连接主语从句的连词

纯连词：that(不有词义，只起连接作用，在从句中不充当成分)

whether

连接副词：when, where, how, why

连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, which

That Jack got an A for his physics is a surprise.

杰克的物理得了优秀真是令人惊喜的。

That July went to New York is no news now.

朱莉去纽约一事可不是什么新闻了。

注意，此类主语从句通常必成以下形式，显得更平衡自然一些：

It is surprise that Jack got an A for hisphysics.

It is no news now that July went to NewYork.

此类从句中的that是不能省略的，因为省去that后就不看出是从句了。

Whether she agrees or not is nothing to me.

她是否同意对我毫无影响。

Whether we come or not depends on the weather.

我们是否来取决于天气。

此类主语从句中的whether既起连接作用，又有意思，不能省略。

特别需要注意的是：

用whether引导的主语从句，不能使用if代替：

×If she agrees or no is nothing to me.

×If we come or not depends on the wether.

When we set out is not decided yet.

我们何时出发还没定下来呢。

How she succeeded remains a secret.

他怎么成功的仍然是一个秘密。

Where Bob chooses to stay is up to him.

鲍勃选择在哪里居住由他自己决定。

What the teacher stressed will be in the exam paper.

老师强调的内容会出现在考卷中。

Who is the new teacher matters a lot.

谁当新教师关系可大了。

作者|丹丹英语

篇6：定语从句与同位语从句的区别

一、从词类上区别

同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等表示抽象意义的名词。而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或整个主句。如：

We are looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.我们正在调查的是他是否值得信赖的问题。（同位语从句）

Word came that he had gone abroad.据说他已经出国了。（同位语从句）

The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.你找的那位医生在房间里面。（定语从句，名词the doctor作先行词）

Our team has won the game, which makes us very happy.(定语从句，which代表前面提到的整个句子)His mother did all she could to help him with his study.他妈妈尽最大努力帮他学习。（定语从句，代词all作先行词）

二、从性质上区别

定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。如：

The news that our team has won the game is true.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句，补充说明news的内容。）

The news(that)he told me yesterday is true.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。

(定语从句，that 从句作定语修饰news

I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有。(同位语从句，补充说明promise)The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺。(定语从句，that从句作定语修饰promise

三、从引导词及其在句子中的成份上区别有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。如:

That question whether we need it has not been considered.我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。同位语从句）

引导词that引导定语从句时，在从句中一般作主语或宾语（指物时还可以用which代替），并且作宾语时常常省略。

That在同位语从句中仅起连接作用，不充当任何成份，并且不能省略，也不能用 which来代替。

The order that we(should)send a few people to help the other groups

was received yesterday.我们应派几个人去帮助别的几个小组的命令昨天已收到了。

同位语从句，是对order的具体解释，(that虽不作成份，但不能省略）

The order(that)we received yesterday was that we(should)send a few people to help the other groups.我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。定语从句，是名词order的修饰语，that在从句中作received的宾语，可以省略）

定语从句与强调句型的区别

强调句型的句式结构为：“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who从句”。在强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，一律用that，而不用when, why或how；在强调主语和宾语时，如果主语和宾语指代人，则可用who和whom来代替that, 但是从句中的人称和数要

与被强调的主语和宾语保持一致。这些都容易与定语从句混淆。

定语从句和强调句型的判断方法：若将句中的“It is/was”和“that/who”去掉，而句子不缺成分，结构完整，说明原句是强调句型；若句子结构不完整，则说明原句为定语从句。定语从句中的主谓一致

1、当关系代词作从句的主语时，那么从句的谓语必须与先行词保持一致。

e.g.Last Sunday we visited a farm which is located in the suburbs

of Hangzhou.Those who are present at the meeting are all lawyers.2、one of + 名词后面的定语从句谓语用复数； the(only)one +名词后面的定语从句谓语用单数。