同位语从句用法

同位语从句用法（通用6篇）

篇1：同位语从句用法

名词性从句 同位语从句用法详解(例句丰富)

一、同位语从句的引导词

引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。

1.由that引导

We heard the news that our team had won.我们听到消息说我们队赢了。

They were worried over the fact that you were sick.他们为你生病发愁。

The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.明天放假的消息不实。

I’ve come to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that.我得出结论这样做是不明智的。

The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen.那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。

He referred to Copernicus’ statement that the earth moves round the sun.他提到了哥白尼关于地球绕太阳转的说法。

【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如：

They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished.他们面对废除这个税的要求。

They expressed the wish that she accept the award.他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。

There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。

The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried.允许妇女参加这个协会的决议通过了。

I can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker.我理解他们希望你作主要发言人的殷切心情。

【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。如：

He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。

2.由whether引导

There is some doubt whether he will come.他是否会来还不一定。

Answer my question whether you are coming.你回答我的问题：你来不来。

The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result.这个是对还是错要看结果。

We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。

【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。

3.由连接代词引导

Have you any idea what time it starts? 你知道什么时候开始吗?

From 1985-90 I was an instructor at the regional party headquarters.After that I went back to work in a factory.Then I had no idea what a casino was.从1985年到1990年我是地方党部的教员。随后我回到一家工厂工作。当时我不知道赌场是什么样的地方。

4.由连接副词引导

I have no idea when he will come back.我不知道他什么时候回来。It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做的问题。

He had no idea why she left.他不知道她为什么离开。

You have no idea how worried I was!你不知道我多着急!

二、关于分离同位语从句

有时同位语从句可以和同位的名词分开。如：

The story goes that he beats his wife.传说他打老婆。

The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery.消息传开说他中彩得了一辆汽车。

The rumour spread that a new school would be built here.谣传这里要盖一所新学校。

Report has it that the Smiths are leaving town.有传言说史密斯一家要离开这座城市。

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.他想到可能敌人已逃离这座城市。

The order soon came that all citizens should evacuate the village.不久命令下来，所有居民都必须撤出村子。(G31)

二、同位语从句与定语从句的区别

1．意义的不同

同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来：

We are glad at the news that he will come.听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句)

We are glad at the news that he told us.听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句)2.引导词的不同

what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。

3.引导词的功能上的不同

that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例 that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。

4.被修饰词语的区别

同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。另外，when和where 引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定；又如why引导定语从句，它通常只修饰名词the reason，而它引导同位语从句时则不一定：

I have no idea when they will come.我不知道他们什么时候来。(同位语从句)

I’ll never forget the days when I lived there..我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。(定语从句)

We don’t understand the problem why this is the best choice.我们不明白这个问题，为什么这是最好的选择。(同位语从句)

The reason why he didn’t come to the meeting is that he is ill.他未能来开会，原因是他生病了。(定语从句)

篇2：同位语从句用法

1. 由that引导

We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。

They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他们为你生病发愁。

The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不实。

I’ve come to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that. 我得出结论这样做是不明智的。

The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen. 那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。

He referred to Copernicus’ statement that the earth moves round the sun. 他提到了哥白尼关于地球绕太阳转的说法。

【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如：

They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. 他们面对废除这个税的要求。

They expressed the wish that she accept the award. 他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。

There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。

The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。

The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried. 允许妇女参加这个协会的决议通过了。

I can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker. 我理解他们希望你作主要发言人的殷切心情。

【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。如：

He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。

2. 由whether引导

There is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还不一定。

Answer my question whether you are coming. 你回答我的问题：你来不来。

The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result. 这个是对还是错要看结果。

We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。

【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。

3. 由连接代词引导

Have you any idea what time it starts? 你知道什么时候开始吗?

From 1985-90 I was an instructor at the regional party headquarters. After that I went back to work in a factory. Then I had no idea what a casino was. 从1985年到1990年我是地方党部的教员。随后我回到一家工厂工作。当时我不知道赌场是什么样的地方。

4. 由连接副词引导

I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。

It is a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做的问题。

He had no idea why she left. 他不知道她为什么离开。

篇3：同位语从句用法

一、从意义的角度来看

同位语从句与先行词之间存在的是同位或同等的关系, 起到对名词的解释、补充说明作用。而定语从句与先行词之间存在的是所属关系, 表示“……的”, 起到对名词 (先行词) 进行修饰限定的作用。例如:

The chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an English-speaking country are small. (M7 P6, that引导的同位从句与先行词chances是同位关系。)

我们都有机会生活在一个说英语的国家的这种机遇是很小的。

I turned around and glared at the person who was singing. (M5P14, who引导的定语从句限定先行词the person。)

我转过身来, 瞪了正在唱歌的那人一眼。

二、从语法内涵的角度来看

同位从句与所说明的先行词之间没有任何逻辑关系, 即先行词在从句中不充当任何成分。定语从句所限定的名词 (先行词) 是定语从句中逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。例如:

(1) The news that they won the match is true. (同位语从句, news与从句没有逻辑关系)

他们比赛获胜的这一消息是真实的。

(2) The news that you told us yesterday is true. (定语从句, news是从句中told的逻辑宾语)

你昨天给我们讲的消息是真的。

(3) The order when we should return hasn’t reached us. (同位语从句, order和从句没有逻辑关系)

我们什么时候该返回的命令还没到。

(4) The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten. (定语从句, day是从句中founded的逻辑时间状语)

人们永远不会忘记新中国成立的那一天。

三、从语法结构形式来看

同位从句由连词引导, 同位从句紧接在先行词之后, 有时为了句子平衡的需要被别的词把它和先行词隔开, 但从句前一般不用逗号。而定语从句是由关系词引导, 限定性定语从句常常紧接先行词后, 非限定性定语从句可以和先行词分离, 而且从句前需有逗号和主句分开。此外, 引导同位从句的连词不可省掉, 而引导定语从句的关系代词 (that, which, whom等) 作从句的宾语时常可省略。例如:

(1) The idea that the Internet will have taught English to everyone in the world by 2050 is amazing. (M7 P7同位语从句)

到2050年因特网将教会世界上每个人英语, 这个想法令人惊异。

(2) Word came that our duties would be changed. (M7 P100同位语从句)

据说, 我们的任务要有变化。

(3) As is often the case, we have worked out the productionplan. (非限定性定语从句)

像平常那样, 我们已制定出产品方案。

(4) His two sons are abroad, both of whom are graduate stu-dents. (非限定性定语从句)

他的两个儿子在国外, 两个都是研究生。

(5) After 1848, it (American English) was also influenced by immigration from Germany, Central Europe and Italy, which brough large numbers of new words into the language. (M7 p16非限定性定语从句)

1848年以后, 美国英语还受到来自德国、中欧、意大利移民的影响, 这为美国英语带来了许多新词。

(6) Education is what remains when we have forgotten all we have been taught. (M5 P39限定性定语从句, all后省掉了关系代词?that)

教育就是我们已经忘记了自己被叫过的东西后留下来的内容。

四、从先行词的性质来看

同位语从句的先行词大都是抽象概念的名词:fact, evi-dence, belief, question, idea, news, knowledge, hope, order, possibility, problem, reply, remark, report, suggestion, thought, word等。而定语从句的先行词则没有限制, 可以是名词, 也可以是代词或句子。例如:

(1) I had no idea when the train crash happened. (同位语从句, 先行词idea为抽象名词M7 P100)

我不知道火车碰撞事故什么时间发生的。

(2) She was the girl I had shouted at for singing. (定语从句, 先行词girl为名词M5P14)

她正是因她唱歌我对她大嚷的女孩。

(3) Those who want to go (定语从句, 先行词those为代词) , please sign their names here.

想去的人请在这里签名。

(4) This is the room where I lived ten years ago. (定语从句, 先行词room为名词)

这是我十年前住在那儿的房间。

(5) In addition, I am also a good photographer, which migh be useful for some of the articles. (非限定性定语从句, 先行词为句子M5 P30)

此外, 我还是一位很好的摄影师, 这可能对写这类文章有用。

(6) The exams were put off, which was exactly what we want-ed. (非限定性定语从句, 先行词为前面整个句子)

各门考试都推迟了, 这正是我们希望的。

五、特殊的what和whether

what和whether可用来引导同位语从句, 但是不能用来引导定语从句。例如:

(1) I gave the girl a big doll, exactly what she longed to have.

我给了这个女孩一个大洋娃娃, 那正是她渴望拥有的东西。

(2) The question whether it’s going to last a lifetime remains unanswered. (M7 P100)

是否这会延续一生, 这个问题仍未得到回答。

参考文献

[1]普通高中课程标准实验教科书.北京师范大学出版社.

篇4：同位语从句用法小结、长句的分析

在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句被称为同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，对该名词作进一步解释，说明其具体内容，同位语从句一般由that引导。同位语从句是高中英语教学中的重点语法知识之一，在近几年的高考试题中频频出现。2011年高考考了3道同位语从句题 （上海卷第35题，辽宁卷第32题，天津卷第13题）；2012年高考考了3道同位语从句题 （重庆卷第34题，浙江卷第4题，江苏卷第27题）。因此掌握好同位语从句显得尤为重要。下面通过对近几年全国各地高考试题中出现的同位语从句的分析，对其做一简单的小结：

（一）同位语从句在复合句中的位置

1.一般情况下，同位语从句通常跟在某些名词后面，用来解释或说明该名词所表达的具体内容。常见的可以跟同位语从句的词（抽象名词）有：belief，news，idea，truth，hope，rumor，problem，information，promise，evidence，message，possibility，fact，word（消息）等。

A wonderful idea suddenly occurred to me that I could turn to the reference book to finish my homework. 我突然有了一个好主意，我可以查阅参考书来完成我的作业。

Evidence has been found that drinking water after getting up in the morning contributes to one's health. 有证据证明，早晨起床后喝水对身体有好处。

高考链接：

Modern science has given clear evidence________smoking can lead to many diseases.

A. what B. which

C. that D. where（2011天津卷）

【答案】 C。

【分析】 本题考查同位语从句，且从句中不缺任何成分，因此选that用来说明evidence的具体内容。引导同位语从句的引导词常用that。

2.有时因为句子结构的需要，同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，这在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。

高考链接：

Evidence has been found through years of study________children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.

A. why B. how

C. whetherD. that（2012重庆卷）

【答案】 D。

【分析】 通过分析语境含义、句子结构和句子成分可知这题的句型为分隔式同位语从句。它的先行词是evidence。而evidence和notice等词引导的同位语从句引导词通常用that。

（二）同位语从句引导词的选用

近几年关于同位语从句的考查主要集中在连接词和连接代词（副词）的选用上。其中应着重注意以下两方面：1.that与what的区别2. that 与whether 区别。

1.考查同位语从句中 what与that的区别

I made a promise to myself this year， my first year in high school， would be different.

A. whether B. what

C. that D. how （2012浙江卷）

【答案】 C。

【分析】 在同位语从句中that与what的区别是：that在同位语从句中只起连接作用，不作从句的任何成分，无具体词义，并且不可省略；而what在同位语从句中不仅起连接作用，并且在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。通常可以翻译为“……的话（东西、人）”，还可以表示“……的时间、……的地点、……的人、……的速度”等内容。在本题中从句不缺成分，所以正确选项为that。

2.考查同位语从句中that与whether的区别

1）—Is there any possibility________you could pick me up at the airport？

—No problem.

A. when B. that

C. whether D. what（09浙江）

2） ________is no possibility________Bob can win the first prize in the match.

A. There； thatB. It； that

C. There； whetherD. It； whether （01 上海）

【答案】 1）B。2）A。

【解析】 第一题Is there any possibility...意为“有……的可能性吗？”通过分析可知从句不缺成分，其中whether 意为“是否”不符合题意，而that在同位语从句中没有具体词义，所以第1题正确答案为 B. 同样我们可以推知第2题的正确答案为A。

【注意】 在名词doubt “怀疑”后的同位语从句用whether还是that主要看主句，如果主句是肯定句，通常用连接词whether。如果主句是否定句或者一般疑问句通常用that连接。

（三）同位语从句的语气

在suggestion，advice，request，order， command，proposal， plan等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，从句中的should可以省略。

例如：

I made a proposal that we （should） hold a meeting next week. 我提出建议下周我们应当开一次会。

（四）同位语从句与定语从句的用法区别

1.从句的性质不同。

同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是用来解释或说明前面名词的具体内容，同位语从句和先行词是同等的关系；定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是用来说明先行词的性质与特征，起修饰与限制作用，二者之间是从属的关系。试比较：

1）They can't solve the problem how we can finish the task in time.如何才能及时完成任务，我们解决不了这个问题。

（how从句是the problem的具体内容，为同位语从句）

2）We can't help them solve the problem that they have. 我们不能帮助解决他们的问题。

（problem 就是have 的宾语，至于the problem的具体内容，没有说明，故是定语从句）

2.定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时在从句中要作成分（主语，宾语或表语），另外在句子中作宾语时一般可以省略。而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分，一般不可省去。试比较：

1）The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语可以省略）

2）The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）

二、长句分析

1.Due to this reason， it is traditional for Chinese brides to wear a red wedding dress. 由于这个原因，传统上中国新娘穿红色的结婚礼服。

在这个句子中it 为形式主语，动词不定式 to wear a red wedding dress 为真正的主语。

it 作形式主语的句型：

1）It took / takes sb. time to do sth.

2）It + be + adj. to do / that 从句

常用的形容词有：strange， necessary， important， natural， possible等。

3）It + be + n. + to do / that从句

常见的动词有：a pity， a shame， one's duty， no wonder等

4）It + be + adj. / n. + doing

常见的名词或形容词有：no good， no use， useless等。

5）It + be + 过去分词 + that 从句

常见的过去分词有：suggested， said， reported， believed， known 等。

2.Therefore， the next time you choose your clothes， you should think more carefully about what colors to wear.因此，下一次你选择服装时，你应该更为细心地考虑一下你的衣服的颜色。

句中的the next time为从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意思为：“下一次”。

可以用作从属连词，引导状语从句的词有：the moment， the minute， the second， every time， each time， the first time， immediately， the next time等。

1）The moment he got home， he began to watch TV. 他一到家就开始看电视。

2）Every time she saw me， she greets me with a smile.每次见到我， 她都微笑着向我打招呼。

3.The French Revolution was successful in ridding society of inequality， which had a great effect on many other countries， particularly those in Europe. 法国大革命成功消除了社会的不平等，这对其他许多国家，尤其是欧洲国家，有很大的影响。

1）句中which had a great effect on many other countries， particularly those in Europe.是非限制性定语从句，修饰the French Revolution.

2）短语 rid...of...意为“消除”、“去除”。

例如：

Finally， Tom succeeded in ridding himself of his bad habits.汤姆最后成功地改掉了那些坏习惯。

3）短语 be successful in doing sth. 意思是 “成功做某事”； have an effect on... 意思是 “对……有影响”。

4.Idioms often use a number of words to represent a single object， person or concept， among other things， and unless you recognize when an idiom is being used， you can easily misunderstand what you read or hear spoken.习语经常使用许多单词来代表单一的物体或概念等等。除非你知道习语是何时被使用的，否则你很容易误解你所读到或听到的内容。

1）unless 意思为：如果不……， 等于 if... not...。

You cannot pass the final exam unless you study hard.

= You cannot pass the final exam if you don't study hard.

高考链接：

The girl hasn't any hobbies—________you call watching TV a hobby.

A. until B. before

C. if D. unless

【答案】 D。

5.The White Horse Temple is important to Chinese people and history， and as such， it is one of the first historic buildings that the government listed to receive special state protection.

白马寺对于中国人民和中国历史来说都具有重要意义，正因为如此，它被政府列为第一批国家级文物保护单位之一。

such as / as such

such as 相当于 for example或like， 用来列举一系列事物。

as such 意思为：照这样； 就这点而论； 根据某词严格的词义。例如：

The new job is not a promotion as such but it brings good prospects for the future.

这一新的工作，严格说来并不算提升，不过以后很有发展前途。

I can't call my book a best seller as such but it's very popular.

我不敢说我的书是畅销书，但可以说很受欢迎。

such... as / that的用法：

such... as 引导定语从句，such ... that 引导结果状语从句。

巩固练习

1. It was known to all that William had broken his promise________he would give us a rise.

A. which B. why

C. that D. whether

2. That was the reason________he told me this morning.

A. why B. that

C. because D. whether

3. He told me the news________the Queen would visit China the next month.

A. that B. which

C. when D. when

4. Father made a promise________I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.

A. that B. if

C. whether D. that if

5. We were all very worried over the fact________you were ill.

A. that B. what

C. whichD. about which

6. The news________ Lincoln was murdered filled the American people's hearts with deep sorrow.

A. which B. when

C. that D. how

7. You have no idea________for her safety.

A. how anxious I have been

B. so anxious I have been

C. how I have been anxious

D. I have been so anxious

8. The fact________she works hard is well known to us all.

A. that B. what

C. whyD. which

9. He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression________he was boarding the Tokyo plane.

A. when B. where

C. that D. what

10. The possibility________the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.

A. whichB. /

C. that D. what

11. The suggestion________students should learn some practical knowledge is worth considering.

A. ifB. which

C.不填D. that

12. There's some doubt________she will be able to repay the money on time.

A. that B. if

C. whatD. whether

13. Word came________ his poem won the first prize.

A. that B. whether

C. as D. because

14. He can't answer the question________ he got the money.

A. that B. why

C. how D. whether

15. She gave us the suggestion________we________the scientific instrument in a better way.

A. that； made B. whether； should make

C. that； make D. why； made

参考答案

1—5 CBADA6—10 CAACC11—15 DDACC

篇5：同位语从句用法

一、定语从句

1.定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出 现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which； 关系副词有：when, where, why。2.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

（1）限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意

思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与先行词分开。例：This is the boy who broke the window.（2）非限制性定语从句在意义上只是一个附加修饰语，对先行词或主句作些附加的说明。如果去掉，主

句的意思仍然清楚。书写时往往用逗号与先行词分开。例：I, who am your friend, will share the work with you.3.非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”：（1）非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。

（2）非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which 代替。例：I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.（3）由“介词+关系代词”引导时，关系代词不能用as。（4）指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom，不能省略。4.在定语从句中，下列情况的关系词用that而不用which:（1）先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、数词等几种词修饰或被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时。例：This is the best film that I have ever read.（2）先行词为all, much, little, none, few, one, something, everything, anything等不定代词时。

例：He told me everything that he knows.（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。

例：He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.（4）先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在定语从句中作表语时。例：The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时；或者句中已经有who或which，为了避免重复时。

例：Which are the books that you bought for me ? 5.其他注意事项

（1）当the way做先行词时，只用that, in which或不用关系词。例：What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it.（2）在限制性定语从句中，名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as不能用which。例：Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.（3）在非限制性定语从句中，as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，像”的含义，可以 放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。例：They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.6.定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象

定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句。在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，阅读时要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。

（1）在定语从句加中插入语，常见的有：I think,I suppose,I guess,I imagine等。辨别的方法是：去掉插入 语后，原句句法结构仍然完整。

例：He made another wonderful discovery,which I think isof importance to science.（2）在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语。

例：There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.（3）在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个定语。

例：Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace? 你还记得吗，十年前的一天下午，我来到你家，找你借了一条钻石项链？

（4）先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔开来。此时，先行词通常是句子的主语，因定语从句较长，主句谓语

较短，为使句子平衡，常将定语从句移至谓语之后。例：A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.7.几个特殊的定语从句句型

（1）He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.（句中one为先行词）He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先行词）（2）Is this place the one(that)we visited yesterday?（句中the one为先行词）Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?（句中 the place为先行词）（3）He stood at the window,from where he could see what was happening.（4）It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.8.定语从句的做题方法：（1）找出主句，确定先行词；

（2）找出从句，判断从句是否完整（是否符合简单句的基本构成）---否，用关系代词；是，用关系副词。

二、同位语从句

1.同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。

同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，而且不能省略。例：The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2.同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.三、定语从句与同位语从句的区别

1.定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时可以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语）；而同位语从句中的that 是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。

2.定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述先行词的性质或特征；同位语 从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。

例：The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语。The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分，用于说明news的内容。

【注意】当主句的谓语部分过短时而从句过长时，同位语从句放在谓语动词的后面，避免头重脚轻。例：Word came that our team had won the game.四、定语从句与状语从句的区别

1.定语从句的前面有名词作先行词，而状语从句没有先行词。

例：This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.这是几年前我们居住的地方。（定语从句，先行词为the place）Let’s go where we can find a better job.我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）

2.定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词，只能放在先行词的后面，而状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以 放在主句的前面。

例：Do you know the time when the class is over? 你知道下课的时间吗？（定语从句）

When the class was over, it was already five o’clock.当下课时己经是5点了。（时间状语从句）3.When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词＋which”的结构来替换，在引导状语从句时却不行。例：This is the factory in which(where)his father once worked.这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。（定语从句）

Put back the book where it was.把书放回原处。（状语从句）

4.定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分，因此去掉它则从句成分不完整；而结果状语从句中的 连接词在从句中不作任何成分，去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。例：It is such an interesting book as we all like.as用作动词like的宾语，它引导的是定语从句。It is such an interesting book that we all like it.that不充当句子成分，故它引导的是结果状语从句。

五、强调句

1.强调句型的基本结构：It is/was + 被强调部分（主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状等）+ that/who +句子 的其余部分。

例：It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street.（强调时间状语）2.强调句中含有not until的句子

在强调not until句型时，not 位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即 itis(was)+not until +从句或者短语 +that+其它..例：It was not until he had finished the work that he went home.六、定语从句与强调句的区别

1.定语从句中关系词作从句成分，关系词作宾语时可省略；强调句中that / who没有任何意义且不能省略。

2.强调句中的it无意义，that / who不是引导词。

3.强调句it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。

例：It is the museum that / which we visited last year.（定语从句）It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）

例题赏析：

1.There’s a feeling in me we’ll never know what a UFO is – not ever.A.that

B.which

C.of which

D.what 【解析】此题考查同位语从句that的用法。that引导同位语从句修饰a feeling，只是做补充成分而已。句 意是我内心有种感觉我们永远不会知道UFO是什么—从来也不知道。故此题选A.2.His uncle works in a factorybicycles are made． A.that B.which

C.where

D.there 【解析】此题考查定语从句关系副词的用法。bicycles are made in the factory, 此处缺少介词in,故需用关系

副词来引导，where相当于in which，因此选择C.练习

1.Tom’s dog became ill and died, made him very lonely.A.what B.which

C.that

D.where 2.Information has been put forward more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while

B.that

C.when

D.as 3.He wanted to know the time he needed to know.A.that B.when

C.where

D.what 4.Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.where 5.He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school.A.which B.who

C.when

D.that 6.Next month, you’ll spend in your hometown is coming.A.which B.that

C.when

D.where 7.There isn’t so much noise in the country in big cities.A.that B.which

C.where

D.as

8.Do you know the man ? A.whom I spoke

C.I spoke to

B.to who I spoke D.that I spoke 9.It is not who is right but what is right is of importance.A.which B.it C.that

D.this 10.He’s got himself into a dangerous situationhe was likely to lose control over the plane.A.where

B.which

C.what

D.why 11.when was it you called me yesterday? A.until B.that C.then D.so

12.The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp.A.with which B.with it

C.with that

D.which 13.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without help I would never have got this far.A.who

B.whose

C.whom

D.which 14.It was he came back from Japan that year he met the girl he would like to marry.A.when;then

B.not;until

C.not until;that

D.only;when 15.It was the training he had as a young man made him such a good engineer.A.what;that B.that;what C.that;which D.which;that

参考答案：

1-5 BBACD

6-10 ADCCA

篇6：同位语从句用法

1.概念：在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句。

2.什么是同位语？

同位语：一个名词（或其他形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词（或其他形式）就是同位语。

3.同位语举例

（1）Mr.Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.（2）I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.（3）But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”

（4）The girls were surprised the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.4.同位语从句与定语从句的区分。

（1）定语从句的引导词在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、状语等；而同位语从句中的引导词在从句只起连接作用，不作任何成分.如：He is the man that never listens to any tapes

The fact that they did not finish the work has to be faced.(2)引导定语从句的关联词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词一般不能省略，更不能被代替.如： The news that she heard is true

The news that she will go abroad is true

（3）由when, why, where引导的定语从句分别修饰或说明表示时间、原因或地点的词，但 它们引导的同位语从句一般不和表示时间或地点的词同位