形近词教案

2024-04-14

形近词教案(通用4篇)

篇1:形近词教案

形近词比较

语文出版社[实用语文规范知识小词典]

黯然、暗然与岸然 “黯然”,指“阴暗的样子”,也用来指

“心里不舒服,情绪低落的样子”。可构成“黯然无光、黯然失色、

黯然泪下、黯然神伤”等词语。“黯”读àn,不读yīn,也不读hē

i。“黯然”不能写作“暗然”。“暗然”不是一个词。“暗”有

“光线不足、黑暗”的意思,与“黯”在意义上有某些相似之处,

所,人们常将“黯然”误写成“暗然”。“岸然”是个词,指“严肃

的样子”,可构成“道貌岸然、态度岸然”等词语。因“岸”与2

“黯”同音,所以,也要注意别将“黯然”误写成“岸然”或将“岸

然”误写成“黯然”。

BBP机和BB机 BP机指一种无线传呼机,BP是beeper(用嘟

嘟声发送信号的一种装置)的缩写。例如:“BP机在我国‘抢滩登

陆’的时间是在1985年前后,首先是在沿海地带,用户不超过4

000户。最早配备BP机的是一批生意人,特别是个体经营户。”

(《经济日报》1992年6月26日)“记得几年前,我头回见识

BP机,惊惊咋咋问人家:这是什么?现在这玩意儿空前地普及了,成

了一种时尚,犹如金利来,犹如富贵猫,犹如皮尔卡丹。”(《文

汇报》1993年11月16日)“BP机”一词中的B和P两个字母很

容易读错。有人曾把BP机读成或写作BB机,并将BB解释为“哔哔”

的呼叫声,这有点穿凿附会,以讹传讹。例如:“513房间内剧组

负责人史启新主任正在接电话,他腰间的BB机‘滴滴滴’作响,还有

几位来人等着和他研究剧务。”(《经济日报》1990年1月20

日)“BB机这玩意儿已经成了时髦的象征。电影院里,公共汽车上,

谁的腰里发出‘吱-吱-’声,那‘派’、那‘潮’,确使不少年轻

人动心。”(《北京晚报》1990年7月5日)因此,《现代汉语

词典》修订本在所附的“西文字母开头的词语”中,立了BP机,不立

BB机。

把字句 使用“把”字句应该注意的是:一、一般地说,

“把”字句中的动词要有“处置”的意思,这个动词在意念上必须管

得着“把”后边的词语。如“他把房间收拾得干干净净”,“收拾”

的处置对象是“房间”。二、“把”字后边的对象必须是定指的、已

知的,不能是不定指的、未知的,所以前面常常带“这、那、这些、

那些、哪些”之类的修饰语,如“把这(那)支钢笔带上”。有时虽

然不用3这些修饰语,但是说的人是必须有明确所指的。如上课时老

师说“把书打开”,这里的“书”是大家都明确知道的什么书。表示

不定指的宾语的句子是不能用“把”字句的,如我们可以说“带上一

支钢笔、把桌上的三本书拿来”,不能说“把一支钢笔带上、把三本

书拿来”。三、“把”字句里,除戏曲或诗歌中可以用“把楼上、把

话拉、把歌唱”之外,动词的前后总有些别的词语,一般不能只用一

个光秃秃的动词,尤其是单音节动词。如我们不能说“我把情况

谈”,但可以这样说:“我把情况谈了、我把情况谈谈、我把情况谈

一下、我把情况仔细地谈了、我把情况谈了一半”。少数有结果意义

的动补式双音节动词,如“解决、延长、克服”等的前后,有时可以

不带别的词语,如“力争尽快把问题解决、坚决把困难克服”。四、

“把”字后面的词语应该尽量跟相关的.动词靠近,尤其不能用副词

(主要是否定词)或能愿动词把它们隔开。如我们可以说“他们没有

把教室打扫干净、大家不应该把困难留给别人、我们愿意把灿烂的青

春献给祖国的教育事业”,这里的“没有、不应该、愿意”都不能直

接放在动词“打扫、留、献”前。

报道与报导 这是一对等义词。都指:一、通过报纸、杂志、

广播电视或其他形式把新闻告诉群众。二、用书面或广播、电视形式

发表的新闻稿。现在人们倾向于用“报道”。二者的读音不同。“报

道”读bàodào,“报导”读bàodǎo。注意使用时不要将“报道”误

读作bàodǎo,把“报导”误读作bàodào。

暴发和爆发 两个词都是动词,都含有“突然发作”的意思,

但二者的使用范围有所不同,“爆发”的使用范围比“暴发”宽。暴

发:(一)指突然发财或得势,多含有贬义。例如:“前几年,他靠

投机倒把成了暴发户,没想到这几年摇身一变,成了农民企业家。”

“他很善于走上层路线,果然没几年就暴发起来。”(二)指突4然

发作,多用于山洪、大水或疾病等具体事物。例如:“河上本来有一

座小桥,山洪暴发时,被冲毁了。”“大水退走后,又暴发了一场传

染病。”爆发:(一)指因爆炸而迅猛发生,多用于具体事物。例

如:“这一带的火山正处在活跃期,随时都有爆发的危险。”(二)

指像爆炸那样突然地发生,多用于抽象事物,如革命、起义、运动等

重大事变,再如力量、情绪等等。例如:“1927年秋,爆发了一

场农民革命。”“人们的愤怒不可遏止地爆发了。”“他的话音刚

落,会场上就爆发出了雷鸣般的掌声。”

倍 一倍是跟原数相等的数。增加了一倍是原数乘以2。一个

数的几倍,是用几乘以这个数的结果,例如3的一倍是3,3的两倍

是6,3的三倍是9。“事半功倍”的“倍”是加倍的意思。“勇气

倍增”等的“倍”虽然不一定指准确的加倍,也还是指用于增加方面

的。“倍”不用于减少方面,例如“课时减少了一半”不能说成“课

时减少了一倍”。下面的用法也是不对的:“会议次数压缩两倍”

“用它一次洗32条床单只需半小时,比同类洗衣机时间省一倍。”

篇2:形近词教案

(三)1.broad adj.宽阔的 abroad adv.国外

2.board v.& n.上船,甲板,布告牌 aboard adv.上(船,飞机)3.accelerate vt.加速,促进 celebrate vt.庆祝 4.across prep.横过,穿过 cross v.横过,越过 5.adapt vt.适应 adopt vt.采用 6.admit v.承认 permit v.允许,许可 7.afford v.买得起,出得起 effort n.努力,尽力 8.altitude n.海拔,高度 attitude n.态度,看法 9.announce v.通知,宣布 pronounce v.发音 10.attain vt.达到 obtain vt.获得

11.intention n.意图,动机 invention n.发明 12.advantage n.优点,优势 adventure n.冒险

13.award(v.)授予,(n.)奖品 reward n.& v.奖赏 14.attach v.附属于 attack v.袭击,攻击 attract v.吸引,招引

15.bride n.新娘 bridge n.桥

16.bear n.& v.熊,忍受 beard n.胡须 17.button n.纽扣 mutton n.羊肉 18.contrary adj.相反的 country n.国家

19.certain adj.确信,相信 curtain n.窗帘 20.champion n.冠军 campaign n.战役 21.chicken n.鸡 kitchen n.厨房 22.clarify 阐明,澄清 classify 分类,归类

23.content n.&adj.内容,满足的contain v.包含 24.continent n.洲,大陆 convenient adj.方便的 25.collar n.领子 color n.颜色

26.desert n.沙漠,不毛之地 dessert n.甜点心 27.everyday adj.日常 every day adv.每天 28.everyone(只指人)每个人 every one(of)每个人或物 29.except v.& conj.除外 expect vt.期望,预计

高考词汇形近词汇总

30.inspect vt.视察 suspect vt.怀疑

31.experience n.经验,经历 experiment n.实验 32.explode v.爆炸 explore v.探险 33.faraway adj.遥远的 far away adv.遥远地 34.father n.父亲 farther adj.更远的 35.figure n.人物,书画 finger n.手指 36.flower n.花 flour n.面粉

37.fluently adv.流利地,流畅地frequently adv.经常的 38.glass n.玻璃 grass n.草,草坪 39.hanger n.钩子 hunger n.饥饿 40.hardly adv.几乎不 hard adj.硬的 adv.努力地 41.idea n.想法,念头,主意 ideal adj.理想的,完美的 42.incident n.事件 accident n.意外 43.invention n.发明;创造 invitation n.邀请

44.junior n.& adj.下级,低年级 senior n.& adj.上级,高年级 45.labour n.劳动 neighbour n.邻居

46.language n.语言 luggage n.行李(=baggage)47.later adj.& adv.后来 latter adj.& adv.后者 48.lone adj.孤独的 alone adj.单独的 lonely adj.寂寞的 49.loose 松的(adj.)lose 丢失(v.)50.loss(n.)损失

lost(lose过去式和过去分词)51.machine n.机器 medicine n.药,医学 52.majority n.大多数,大部分 minority n.少数,少数民族 53.marriage n.婚姻 carriage n.马车

54.march n.& v.三月,前进 match n.比赛

55.message n.音讯,口信 passage n.通行,(文章的)一段 passenger n.乘客

56.measure n.& v.量度,测量 treasure n.金银财宝 57.medal n.勋章,奖牌 model n.& adj.模型,模特 58.metal n.金属 mental adj.精神上的 59.pass v.穿过,通过

篇3:GRE词汇精选:高频形近词

enjoin: to direct or order (someone) to do something; to prevent (someone) from doing something

adjoin (of a building, room, area of land, etc. ): to be next to or joined with something

12.abjure / adjure

abjure: to reject (something) formally

adjure: to urge or command (someone) to do something

13.bypass / surpass / impasse / impassive

bypass: to avoid or ignore (someone or something) especially to get something done quicker

impasse: a situation in which no progress seems possible

impassive: not showing emotion

14.pertinacious / tenacious

pertinacious: adhering resolutely to an opinion, purpose, or design; stubbornly tenacious

tenacious: very determined to do something

15.endanger / engender

engender: to be the source or cause of something

16.intellectual /intelligible / intelligent

intelligible: able to be understood

17.perquisite / prerequisite

perquisite: gratuity, tip

prerequisite: something that you officially must have or do before you can have or do something else

18.passionate / dispassionate

dispassionate: not influenced or affected by emotions

19.precocity / preciosity

precocity: the phenomenon of a child showing the qualities or abilities of an adult at an unusually early age

preciosity: fastidious refinement

20.apprehend / reprehend / comprehend

apprehend: to notice and understand (something); (of police) to arrest (someone)

篇4:GRE词汇精选之高频形近词

varnish: The varnish on an object is the hard, clear, shiny surface that it has when it has been painted with varnish.(表饰)

vanish - 消失

62. veto / vote

veto-否决

vote-投票

63. viscid / viscous / vicious / vicarious / vivid

viscid: having an adhesive quality

viscous: A viscous liquid is thick and sticky.

vicious: A vicious person or a vicious blow is violent and cruel.

vicarious: A vicarious pleasure or feeling is experienced by watching, listening to, or reading about other people doing something, rather than by doing it yourself.(间接体验的;代理的)

64. prodigal / prodigious

prodigal: You can describe someone as a prodigal son or daughter if they leave their family or friends, often after a period of behaving badly, and then return at a later time as a better person. (LITERARY)

prodigious: Something that is prodigious is very large or impressive.(LITERARY)

65. seethe / soothe

seethe: When you are seething, you are very angry about something but do not express your feelings about it.

soothe: If you soothe someone who is angry or upset, you make them feel calmer.

Something that soothes a part of your body where there is pain or discomfort makes the pain or discomfort less severe.

66. trenchant / penchant

trenchant: You can use trenchant to describe something such as a criticism or comment that is very clear, effective, and forceful. (FORMAL)

penchant: If someone has a penchant for something, they have a special liking for it or a tendency to do it. (FORMAL)

67. command / commend / comment

commend: If you commend someone or something, you praise them formally. (FORMAL)

68. accent / ascent / ascend / scent

ascent: An ascent is an upward, vertical movement.

ascend: If someone ascends to an important position, they achieve it or are appointed to it. When someone ascends a throne, they become king, queen, or pope. (FORMAL)

69. daft / deft / dart

daft: If you describe a person or their behaviour as daft, you think that they are stupid, impractical, or rather strange. (BRIT INFORMAL)

deft: A deft action is skilful and often quick. (WRITTEN)

dart: If a person or animal darts somewhere, they move there suddenly and quickly. (WRITTEN)

If you dart a look at someone or something, or if your eyes dart to them, you look at them very quickly. (LITERARY)

70. woo / woe

woo: If you woo people, you try to encourage them to help you, support you, or vote for you, for example by promising them things which they would like.

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