新概念英语第一册1-10练习题

2024-04-08

新概念英语第一册1-10练习题(精选10篇)

篇1:新概念英语第一册1-10练习题

新概念英语第一册第一百三十六课练习

单词:

橄榄球rugby 台球billiards 将军general 比赛contest 名誉/名声reputation 艳照门事件Sex-Photo Scandal 观点view 环游世界travel around the world 世界各国every country of the world 传播spread 世界(指某一时代/地区)/世界上的人(人类)the world 西方世界the western world 极乐世界western paradise 会议conference 踏入社会/开始在社会上立足begin the world 诞生/问世/出版come into the world 欢天喜地/得意洋洋on top of the world 跨栏运动员hurdler 领奖台podium 让人失望turn sb.down 接受accept

词义:

Pool:n.1.赌注/总赌款 2.共同资金/合伙投资 3.游泳池

足球赌注football pool 室内游泳池an indoor pool

Win:1.v.赢 2.赢得/获得

赌赢win a bet 选举获胜win an election 打胜仗win a battle 赢回win back 争取过去/把人说服win over

In the world:1.世界上 2.究竟(强调疑问句)3.根本(强调否定句)句子:

你喜欢踢足球吗? Do you like playing football?

我们合资买了台电脑。We bought a computer by the pool.他在音乐比赛中赢得一等奖。

He wins the first prize in the music competition.他打牌赢了50美元。He wins 50$ at cards.他赢得她的芳心。He wins her love.奥巴马做了很多精彩的演讲想取争取人们的支持。

Obama makes a lot of wonderful speeches to win over people’s support.他尝试说服他接受我们的观点。He tries to win him over to our views.他是世界上最好的网球运动员He is the best tennis player in the world.这则消息迅速传遍全世界。This news spreads quickly all over the world.全世界的人都在关注此次会议。

The whole world is watching this conference.半个世界的人都饥饿着。Half the world is hungry.今天有200个宝宝诞生了。200 babies come into the world today.究竟发生了什么事? What in the world happened?

他根本不会说“不”。He will never in the world say “no”.故事:

Liu Xiang is one of the greatest hurdlers in the world.He won a lot of matches.People love him so much, he is a hero in our heart.When he stands on the podium, we are all on top of the world and share the happiness with him.But to our surprise, Liu Xiang gives up the race in the 2008 Olympic games.This news spreads quickly all over the world.People can’t help think aboutwhat in the world happened? Because Liu Xiang’ s feet are hurt badly, he is not able to run.This news turns the world down.Can Liu Xiang win back his reputation? Let’s wait and see.

篇2:新概念英语第一册1-10练习题

1.play

2.keep 3.bring

4.see 5.go

6.do 7.meet

8.shut 9.eat

10.decide 11.rise

12.tell 13.take

14.say 15.retire

16.find 17.sweep

18.make 19.try

20.cry 21.leave

22.buy

23.swim

24.drive 25.have

26.empty 27.cost

28.draw 29.walk

30.open 1.________she _________(be)to Australia before? No, she __________.But she ___________(go)there next summer.2._________ Ian ___________(sell)his house yet? Yes, he _________.He ____________(sell)it last week.3.__________ Sam _________(have)a haircut? No, he ____________.He ____________(have)a haircut tomorrow.4.___________they ___________(sweep)the floor yet? No, they ___________.But they ___________(sweep)it this evening.动词过去式及过去分词三十例:

1.play

2.keep 3.bring

4.see 5.go

6.do 7.meet

8.shut 9.eat

10.decide 11.rise

12.tell 13.take

14.say 15.retire

16.find 17.sweep

18.make 19.try

20.cry 21.leave

22.buy

23.swim

24.drive 25.have

26.empty 27.cost

28.draw 29.walk

篇3:新概念英语第一册1-10练习题

一、什么是角色扮演法

角色扮演法 (role—play) 是“通过模拟现实生活中的一些场景片断, 由学习者亲身扮演其中的角色, 将角色的言语、行为、表情及内心世界表现出来, 从而达到提高学习兴趣和效果的一种“参与式、体验式”教学方法。具体来说, 角色扮演法是学生在教师的指导下, 在一个设定的情境中, 学生分组讨论, 选择适合自己的角色, 经过一段时间的准备和练习之后, 借助道具、肢体语言和口头表达, 通过模拟表演加深对内容情节的记忆和理解。由于这种教学方法能够为学生提供比其他教学模式更大的思考空间和表现机会, 所以一直被国内外教育改革的倡导者所青睐。

二、角色扮演法的教学步骤

实施角色扮演法需要遵循如下的教学步骤, 理解和掌握这些环节对提高课堂效果, 达到预定的教学目标是非常必要的。

(一) 进入课文情境

学生理解课文情境, 产生浓厚兴趣是实施角色扮演法的起点。因此, 笔者通常是在讲授完课文之后实施角色扮演法。而对课文情境的展示可以通过多种方式。经常采用的形式有:播放课文动画, 制作课文图片, 简笔画等 (《新概念英语》第一册每课都配有动画和图片) 。这一环节应该达到的理想效果是, 学生们对课文情境产生兴趣, 并且有意识地想要表达课文内容。

(二) 合理分配角色

因为学生的英语水平和表达能力有差异, 所以, 教师要认真决定和分配课文角色。一般来说, 性格内向的, 多做解说少作表演性动作;性格外向的, 多做表演性动作;语言表达能力强的多表演难度大的角色;语言表达能力弱得多表演难度小的角色, 使他们各尽其能。在分配角色前还需要先征求学生自己的意见, 看他们愿意扮演什么角色。这样学生之间可以取长补短、互相学习, 增强团结合作意识和集体荣誉感。只有尊重学生的个体差异, 才能真正满足学生的学习需求。

(三) 准备表演框架

通常表演是以小组竞赛的形式进行, 因此在确定表演人员后, 学生分组策划表演内容。学生在准备的时候并不需要把每一句台词背下来, 否则就会抑制学生的临场表现, 阻碍他们创造性的发挥。此时, 笔者会要求学生提前准备表演需要的场景、道具及其他辅助用品, 使表演最大限度地接近真实情境, 产生较强的感染力, 同时也锻炼了学生的动手能力。

(四) 组织安排课堂

在角色扮演的教学活动中, 还需要合理地安排课堂, 让暂时没有参加表演的学生也进入“状态”, 这也是一项重要的任务, 否则课堂教学纪律会出现混乱, 影响教学效果。为了使这部分学生在观看表演的时候也能积极地参与, 笔者会对他们进行有意识的引导和培训。例如, 教师可以首先设置一些观察性的问题。例如:角色扮演是否真实?情节发展是否合理?每个角色的用语是否正确?有没有更好的表现方式?等等。其次, 要求学生认真观看并做记录。全体学生对这些问题进行认真的思考, 并在表演结束后和教师一起进行评分, 对于保证表演后的有效交流非常重要。只有大家都进入到故事情境中, 才能获得真实体验, 下面的讨论才有效果。在鼓励学生参与的过程中, 教师要特别注意那些平时不愿意主动发言的学生, 想办法激发他们的学习兴趣, 使他们也能参与到对问题的讨论之中。

(五) 表演课文情节

这个环节是角色扮演教学过程的核心部分。学生表演者按照事先安排的个人角色进行合作表演。教师和其他学生在观看时, 切忌不要挑剔表演。从一定意义上讲, 学生表演不确定是十分正常的。他们在课文情节真实表演中, 很容易产生新的思想火花, 做出即兴的表情或说出与课文原句不同的句子, 而这正是角色扮演能够展示学生真实情况的优势所在。教师对于学生的积极表演要多给予鼓励, 肯定他们的良好表现。这样, 学生在表演中会增强信心, 不断提高表演情绪。需要注意到一点是, 角色扮演的时间不宜过长, 冗长的表演会增添表演者的负担, 也会使观看者失去兴趣。只要学生把课文内容情境完整地演出来了, 表演就可以停下来。一般来说, 表演时间以10分钟以内为宜。

(六) 讨论表演内容

表演后的讨论和评价, 能够把学生的情绪推向新的高潮。要求学生分组说出每组的优点和不足之处在哪里, 并对事先设置的问题进行讨论, 评出最佳剧情、最佳演员、最佳道具等, 并说明理由。这对提高学生的角色扮演水平和英语表达能力很有帮助。教师在最后要做出总结性评价, 这个时候可以把表演中出现的语言错误指出来并进行更正, 并且鼓励他们在日后的生活实践中加以正确的运用。

三、角色扮演法的积极作用

1、有利于提高学生的听说能力

由于高职院校的学生英语底子薄弱, 不具备较强的英语学习能力, 因此对高职学生的英语教学应当从简单的英语基础开始, 从浅入深, 并注重培养学生的学习兴趣和英语交际能力。在课堂上采用角色扮演法活动, 课堂气氛轻松活跃, 在这种环境中学习语言, 更容易激发学生的学习愿望。如在Lesson 49《At the butcher’s》中, 一位表演者戴着自制的帽子和围裙, 拿着纸制的牛肉、羊肉、肉馅向顾客推销时, 学生们都表现出了极高的学习兴趣。另外, 笔者认为以小组形式展开角色扮演活动, 能够为学生提供一个理想的学习氛围, 激发每一个人的表现欲望, 充分展示自己。在Lesson 48《Do you like...?》中, 每个学生都参与了表演, 他们自己设置情境 (生日派对、超市购物等) 练习了句型Do you like..?/Do you want...?特别是一些平时不怎么开口的学生在这一课的表演中也扮演了角色, 并进行了不错的表演。

2、有利于培养学生的合作精神

角色扮演是一种具有较高教学价值的群体参与模式, 它要求学生相互交流、彼此合作、共同完成任务。因此, 学生在这个教学活动中能够体验到团结协作的快乐, 培养团队作业的精神和能力。在同一个小组内, 组长要根据每个学生的不同特点和意愿进行任务分配, 学生在完成任务的过程中, 需要相互沟通、相互包容、相互帮助。这样, 学生在课堂活动中, 不仅学习了英语知识, 并且体验到了合作学习的快乐。例如在Group 1中, Yummy擅长画简笔画, 她负责道具的准备;Cathy喜欢表演, 她每次都会扮演不同的角色;Mikky擅长讲故事, 她担任课文情境中的旁白讲解等。学生在这样有趣的课堂活动中学习, 不仅加深了相互间的友谊, 也提高了团队合作的意识。

总之, 在高职英语中采用“角色扮演法”进行教学, 不但提高了学生的听说能力, 同时也增强了学生的团队合作意识。它有效地培养了学生的积极性和主动性, 提高了英语教学的质量。

参考文献

[1]亚力山大, 何其莘.新概念英语第一册[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 1997.1

[2]董文雅.角色扮演法在中职英语教学中的运用[J].职业教育研究, 2012 (5)

篇4:新概念英语第一册1-10练习题

1. honest / loyal

(1) She is an________girl and never tells a lie.

(2) I think everyone should be________ to his duty.

2. handsome / beautiful

(1) I know your daughter is very________.

(2) His brother is a very________young man.

3. argue / quarrel

(1) If we cant agree with each other in something, we will________about it.

(2) He doesnt get on well with his classmatesand often________with them.

4. movie / film

(1) Dont you often see a________in this cinema?

(2) Since we are free this evening, lets go to the________.

5. in order to / so as to

(1) The young man started very early catch the first train.

(2)________see the film, he had to walk far.

6. care about / care for

(1) The girl doesnt________clothes very much.

(2) As far as I know, the patients are well______in the hospital.

7. error / mistake

(1) A slight________in calculation will make a great difference.

(2) Everyone makes________in everyday

life.

keys:

1.(1) honest(2) loyal2.(1) beautiful(2) handsome

3.(1) argue(2) quarrels4.(1) film(2) movies

5.(1) in order to/so as to(2) In order to6.(1) care about(2) cared for

7.(1) error(2) mistakes

Unit 2

1. broad / wide

(1) As you can see, this is a very________river.

(2) Look, the young man has______shoulders.

2. equal / fair

(1) Women are________to men in everything.

(2) I dont think its________ for you to treat us differently.

3. except / except for

(1) This TV program is wonderful________a few dialogues.

(2) I know that nobody________you knows it.

4. exchange / change

(1) If it is possible, they will find time to_______their experience.

(2) They will________trains at Zhengzhou for Xian.

5. signal / sign

(1) A dark cloud is usually a________of rain.

(2) The________given, the bus started.

6. stay up / stay out

(1) You can play for a while, but dont________too long.

(2) If you cant finish your work during the day, you have to________.

7. come about / come across

(1) I dont know how the traffic accident_______.

(2) Yesterday afternoon, I________an old friend in the street.

8. expression / impression

(1) The________on her face suggested that she was angry.

(2) His kindness and honesty left me a deep______ .

9. bring in / bring up

(1) After her parents death, the little girl was________by her uncle.

(2) They managed to________some good equipment from foreign countries.

10. a great many / a great deal of

(1)________students in our class have passed the exam.

(2) Dont you know________time has been wasted by you?

keys:

1.(1) wide(2) broad2.(1) equal (2) fair

3.(1) except for (2) except

4.(1) exchange(2) change

5.(1) sign (2) signal

6.(1) stay out(2) stay up

7.(1) came about(2) came across

8.(1) expression (2) impression

9.(1) brought up(2) bring in

10.(1) A great many(2) a great deal of

Unit 3

1. protect…from… / prevent…from…

(1) The heavy snow________me getting here in time.

(2) As we all know, an umbrella can us________ rain.

2. normal / usual / common / ordinary / regular

(1) Ill get home as early as________this evening.

(2) Everything is________; dont be worried about it.

(3) I still remember this matter happened on an________day.

(4) The old woman lives a________life by getting up and going to bed early.

(5) Its very________for you to see wild animals on the mountain.

3. as well as / as long as / as soon as / as far as I study English________French in my spare time.

(2)________he got home, it began to rain.

(3)________I know, she has been there.

(4)________you go over all your lessons, you can pass this exam.

Keys:

1.(1) prevented, from (2) protect, from

2.(1) usual (2) normal (3) ordinary(4) regular (5) common

3.(1) as well as(2) As soon as (3) As far as (4) As long as

Unit 4

1. advance / develop

(1) We should make great efforts to education.

(2) Look, the soldiers are________towardthe front.

2. struggle / fight

(1) Suddenly, I saw a little girl________ in the water.

(2) The soldiers________a way out of the enemys encirclement.

3. strike / beat / hit / knock

(1) You should________ the iron while it is hot.

(2) I dont know who is at the door.

(3) Hearing this noise, he felt his heart______ very fast.

(4) The girl fell from the tree and______the ground heavily.

4. go through / get through

(1) I know that you have________a lot of hardships.

(2) I tried to phone you, but I couldnt_______ .

5. destroy / damage

(1) The terrible fire________many buildings, which left us feeling very sad.

(2) The storm has________a few houses and some people are trying to repair them.

keys:

1.(1) develop(2) advancing

2.(1) struggling(2) fought

3.(1) strike (2) knocking (3) beating (4) hit/struck

4.(1) gone through (2) get through

5.(1) destroyed(2) damaged

Unit 5

1. prize / price

(1) The________of the computer is very reasonable.

(2) I dont know who won the________for the best actor.

2. choice / chance

(1) I think you have no________but to study hard.

(2) You have missed a good________to study abroad.

3. take off / take away

(1)________your food; I dont want to eat it.

(2) Your career will________sooner or later. 4. owe / own

(1) I think we should________our success to our leaders.

(2) He is very rich and________ten large companies.

5. in all / at all

(1) I have five thousand dollars________.

(2) I dont understand what you said. 6. accept / receive

(1) Have you________my letter posted to you last week?

(2) She asked me to have dinner with her, but I didnt________her invitation.

7. stay away / stay with

(1) I went to see her to find her________.

(2) Can I________you for a few days?

8. on the air / in the air

(1) Look, a lot of birds are flying________. (2) I have heard that this wonderful match

will be________.

keys:

1.(1) price(2) prize2.(1) choice (2) chance

3.(1) Take away (2) take off

4.(1) owe(2) owns5.(1) in all (2) at all6.(1) received(2) accept

7.(1) stay away (2) stay with

8.(1) in the air (2) on the air

Unit 6

1. interrupt / disturb

(1) All the students were________by the news of their teachers illness.

(2) Im very sorry to have________your discussion.

2. fault / shortcoming

(1) I dont think this traffic accident is my________.

(2) Everyone has his strong points and_______ .

3. cloth / clothes / clothing

(1) As we all know,________is made fromcotton.

(2) I want to buy a suit of________this afternoon.

(3) This shop only sells womens________. 4. custom / habit

(1) The young man has formed the of smoking.

(2) We dont know anything about these social________.

5. raise / rise

(1) He________his voice to make himself understood.

(2) It is well-known that the sun________in the east.

6. advice / suggestion

(1) These________are very reasonable, and well accept them.

(2) Our English teacher gave us a piece of_______on how to learn English well.

keys:

1.(1) disturbed(2) interrupted2.(1) fault________ (2) shortcomings

3.(1) cloth(2) clothes (3) clothing

篇5:新概念英语第一册1-10练习题

MODULE 1

句子单词-------Hello.hello

-------Hi.hi-------Hello,I’m sam.Iam

-------Hi,Sam.3--------How are you?howareyou

--------I’m fine,thank you.finethank

4--------Goodbye,Amy.goodbye

--------Bye-bye,Lingling.bye-bye

5--------Good morning.goodmorning

--------Good morning.MODULE 2

句子单词

1--------What’s your name?MrMs

--------I’am Dming.2--------What is your name?Whatiswhat’s =what isyourname--------My name is Sam.3-------Good afternoon.afternoon

-------Good afternoon.4-----Good afternoon,boys and girls.boyboysandgirlgirls-----Good afternoon,Ms Han.5-----How are you?

------I’m fine.And how are you?fine

------I’m fine,too.Thank you.tooI’m a boy.I’m a girl.MODULE 3

句子单词Stand up.Stand up,please.standuppleaseSit down.Sit down,please.sitdownPoint to the door.thedoorPoint to the window.windowPoint to the blackboard.blackboardPoint to the bird.birdPoint to the desk.desk

篇6:新概念英语第一册语法解析

陈述句的五种基本句型

(1) 主语+连系动词+表语

I am a student. 我在学生。

They feel happy. 他们感到高兴。

(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)

The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。

The bell has rung. 铃声响过了。

(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语

He is doing morning exercises. 他在做早操。

I like English. 我喜欢英语。

(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语

My father bought me a MP4. 我父亲给我买了一个MP4。

He asked me a question. 他问了我一个问题。

(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语

She found this question easy. 她发现这题容易。

篇7:新概念英语第一册经典短语

时间:2010-6-30 11:15:02 来源:nanboyu 访问量:911

1.give sb sth给某人某物 give me a book;show/send sb sth展示/发送

give sth to sb 把某物给某人 give a book to him show/send sth to sb 2.live at King street(小地点)arrive at the station stay at home live in Fuzhou(大地点)arrive in New York

stay in London

3.take sb to +地点

My father takes me to school every day.4.want sth 想要某物

I want some milk.Want to do sth 想要做某事

She wants to buy a new book.Want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 They want me to open the door.dodoes not want sb to do sth 不想要某人做某事 I do not want you to miss the train.5.get up起床

I always get up at 7:00.6.keep sth +adj.保持某物的…….Keep the floor clean keep the room tidy 7.be absent(from)缺席

I was absent from school yesterday.8.on the/one’s way to

在去……的路上

On the way home(to school),I met an old friend.On the train to在去……的火车上 9.lose one’s way 迷路=be lost I lost my way.=I was lost 10.say to oneself 自言自语 “I can win” I said to myself 11.put sth into 把……放到…… I put some money into my pocket.I put some books into my bag.12.take out取出

He took out a note book and wrote them down , 13.put on your coat 穿上 take off your shoes 脱掉

turn on 打开

turn off 关掉 put your coat on

take your shoes off put it on

take them off

14.be afraid of sth 害怕 I am afraid of dog.be afraid(that)+宾从 恐怕…… I am afraid that it will rain tomorrow.I’m afraid that I can’t do it.15.buy sth for sb 为某人买某物 I bought a present for you.buy sth from sb 从某人那买某物 She bought a tie from Tony.16.hundreds of 数以百计

thousands of 数以千计.17.Be in fashion 时髦 Jeans are always in fashion.Be out of fashion 过时Skirts are out of fashion this year.18.till(until)I can arrive till(until)3:00 this afternoom.Not ……until

I didn’t finish my homework until 10:00 in the evening.19.a lot of water(不可数)oranges(可数)many apples(可数)much meat(不可数)plenty of time(不可数)/tomatoes(可数)20.not ……at all 根本不 I don’t know her at all.I don’t want to talk with him at all.21.have breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner /a meal /a swim/ a bath /a lesson/a holiday/a good time.22.be ready for sth 准备好

I’m ready for dinner.be ready to do sth 准备好做某事 She is ready to go out.23.Iet sb do sth 让某人做某事 Let’s go to school at once.Let her go out.24.have been to 到过 I have never been to shanghai 25.all the time 一直

26.take/bring sb to +地点 带某人去(来)某地 take /bring sth to sb 带走来某物给某人 27.have a try试一试 try to do sth 试图做某事 try one’s best to do sth 尽全力做某事

28.believe sb 相信……是真的 believe in sb信任某人

believe(that)+(宾语从句)29.since 自从

30.speak to 对某人说 write to 写信给某人 wave to 向某人招手 move to 搬到

31.decide to do sth 决定做某事 I decide to tell her the truth.make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事

I made up my mind to open my mouth and pratise more.32.fly to 飞往 return to 返回

return sth to sb 归还某物给某人

33.leave 离开 leave for 离开到某地 34.belong to 属于 35.do with /handle 处理

36.be sorry that +从句 be sure that+从句子 确定…… 37.had better(not)do sth 最好做(不要做)某事 38.at once(right away /immediately)立刻 39.help sb(to)do sth 帮助某人做某事

40.be adj.enough(for sb)to do 对于某人说足够做某事

too+adj.(for sb)to do 对某人太…..而不能做某事 41.at the top of 在……顶部

42.tell sb sth 告诉某人某事

tell sb about/of sth 告诉某人关于某事

tell sb(not)to do sth 告诉某人做(不要做)某事

tell sb that +从句 43.be full of 充满

44.ask sb(not)to do sth 要求某人做(不要做)某事 45.would like sth 想要……would like to do sth 想要/愿意做某事

46.instead of +名代(宾格)代替

she was ill, so I went there instead.I went there instead of her.There was no milk, so I drank some orange instead.I drank some orange instead of milk 47.afford sth/lto do sth 付得起某物/做某事

48.A is as +adj.+as B

A和B一样…….A is not as(so)+adj.+as B A 不如B…..49.pay for sth 付钱

50.get on/off 上车/下车

happen to 碰见

grow up 长大

51.invite sb to sth /for sth 邀请某人

Invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事

52.play a joke on sb 开某人玩笑 53.look for /find 寻找/找到

54.forget to do sth 忘记做某事

forget doing sth 忘记曾做过某事

55.offer sb sth =offer sth to sb 提供某人某物

I offered you a cup of tea.=I offered a cup of tea to you.56.must be 肯定

can’t be 不可能 57.by oneself 自己

at least 至少 58.need(实意动词)to do sth 需要做某事

Need(情态动词)+动原 必要做某事needn’t+动原

没必要做某事

59.take a photo /a walk /a rest(break)/a bus / advice make tea / coffee /a mistake /a mess /the bed /a film/a noise

60.go abroad /overseas 出国

61.It takes +(sb)+时间段 +to do sth 花(某人多少时间做某事)

62.look after /take care of 照顾 63.in the end /at last 最后

64.worry about sth 担心

be worried about sth 65.introduce A to B 把A介绍给B 66.get married结婚 Marry sb 和某人结婚

67.depend on依靠,取决于

68.by the way 顺便说一下(问一下)

69.talk to sb 对某人说 /with sb 和某人谈话 /about sth 谈话关于

篇8:新概念英语第一册1-10练习题

关键词:里盖蒂、钢琴练习曲、《空弦》

乔治·里盖蒂(Gyorgy Ligeti,1923-2006)是奥地利籍匈牙利作曲家,当代先锋派音乐代表人物之一。他创立的“微复调”理论被很多作曲家广泛运用在各种现代音乐作品中。“微复调”的基本特征,是用密集的音程和微对比的节奏排列成浓厚密集的复调结构,创造整体声音音色的表现作用。在他的作品《大气》中,就是运用了“微复调”技法,在大编制乐队的配器中,基本上是一件乐器演奏一个独立的声部,在乐队最密集的地方,细分至64个声部,实现前所未有的宏大音响效果。在他的一生中,里盖蒂创作了各种体裁和各种风格的大量作品,比较著名的作品有《幻象》《大气》《交响诗篇》《永恒之光》《钢琴练习曲》等。其中,里盖蒂从1985年至2001年期间创作了三册具有极高难度的《钢琴练习曲》,1985年创作完成的《钢琴练习曲(第一册)》最为著名,这部作品极富现代音乐特征,并于1986年荣获了格文美尔奖。

里盖蒂一直以来钻研肖邦、李斯特、德彪西、拉威尔、梅西安等作曲家的音乐,同时对爵士音乐和非洲音乐也很感兴趣。他在创作《钢琴练习曲》时就曾受这些方面的影响。例如,在第五首练习曲《彩虹》中,就运用了爵士音乐的典型切分节奏;在第二首练习曲《空弦》中,里盖蒂借鉴了德彪西惯用的音程写作方法和节奏处理手段。但是,里盖蒂评价自己的作品既不是爵士音乐,也不是肖邦和德彪西式的音乐。事实上,他的音乐具有鲜明的个性和独树一帜的风格。以他的《钢琴练习曲》第二首《空弦》为例,从标题上看,该练习曲的创作受到了提琴五度关系定弦的影响。而仔细分析作品后,可以发现五度音程正是全曲核心的音高组织材料。同时,节奏的不断交错也是其显著特色之一。

一、音高结构

1.《空弦》中纯五度音高的呈现方式

在里盖蒂第二首练习曲《空弦》中,全曲的音高关系都建立在纯五度基础上,其纯五度音高的呈现方式有以下几种:

(1)移位型。在第一小节上声部的倒数第二个音至第二小节第四个音为止的这组音,分别是,以两个音为一组形成纯五度关系,其后的音为第一组音的移位形式(见例1)。在第九小节上声部中,是这种形式的倒影形式,音高分别是。这种移位形式,向上或向下小二度、大二度,没有明显规律。

(2)连续型。即音高连续五度进行。在第四小节上声部的第二个音至第六个音为止的这组音,分别是c1-g1-d2-a1-e2,音高呈连续的五度向上进行。而在整个第一部分中的下声部,音高以七个音为一组,呈连续五度向下进行的态势(见例2),进入第二部分前,音组数有所改变,但音高仍是连续五度向下进行。

(3)叠加型。纯五度的音高贯穿于整首作品的始终,其呈现方式除以上几种横向发展方式外,还有纵向结合的形式,即音程与三个音的五度叠加。在第11小节的末尾,首次出现的附点节奏型,也是首次加入双音的形式,这正是纯五度叠加的音程(见例3)。在整个作品中,所有的音程均是纯五度的叠加形式。随着节奏的不断复杂,纯五度叠置的音程,在第二十五小节中逐渐变为三个音叠置(见例3),这三个音分别由两个纯五度叠置形成,构成类似于和弦的形式。

2.《空弦》中的重音记号与音集集合

在《空弦》中,每一个音组的第一个音都标有重音记号,音组之间的这些重音构成一个横向的音列,这也是音高表现的一个方面。在第一至十三小节的下声部旋律中,标有重音记号的音,以非严格的半音关系,构成了一个十二音音列(见例4),并且是以音集集合的形式创作而成。音集集合是20世纪音乐理论中的新概念,这个术语和概念最早是由弥尔顿·巴比特提出的,后来由艾伦·福特在《无调性音乐的结构》一书中加以系统化,音级集合是将具体音高置换成整数,即0代表C、1代表#C、2代表D,以此类推,11代表B,并以逗号将这些整数隔开排列在方括号之内。例如、B、C、#C的音高,便可以标记成[0,1,2,3]这样的形式。

例4:

在《空弦》第一部分下声部的重音中,前四小节的四个重音分别为B、B、C、#C(见上例),这正好构成了[O,1,2,3]的音集集合,集合名称为4-1(12),音程向量是321000。其后的音以每三个音为一组,重音分别是(见上例),这恰好构成了集合名称为3—1( 12)的音集集合形式,音级为[O,1,2],音程向量是210000。3-1集合正好是4-1集合的子集,那么4-1集合便是3-1集合的母集。子集是指对于A和B两个集合来说,而且仅当B的每个元素都是A的一个元素时,B便是A的子集,即3—1便是4-1的子集。

由此可见,在第二首练习曲《空弦》中,纯五度音高的结合方式是全曲的核心,另外音级集合的创作形式也是音高表现的一个方面,这充分体现了作曲家的严谨态度与杰出才华。

二、节奏组织

在这首练习曲中,节奏组织以先后顺序出现,并且越来越密集,尤其在最后一部分体现得更是明显。这仿佛是借鉴了卡特“节奏转调”的理论,即通过前后时值的转换,使节奏逐渐演化,自然地实现从一种节奏到另一种节奏的变化。这种节奏的逐渐密集使得我们从音响上可以明显感觉到速度在逐渐加快。其节奏的呈现形式有以下几种:

1.八分音符。用连续八分音符构成的分组,每一组的第一个音标有重音记号,纵观全曲,有四音组、五音组、六音组、七音组、八音组、九音组、十音组、十三音组,共八种“音数”组合形式。

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2.附点八分音符。在第11小节的末尾,首次出现新的节奏型,即两个八分附点音符的结合,这在传统的作品中是极少使用的。这种节奏使我们想起了20世纪法国著名作曲家梅西安的节奏理论。梅西安以摆脱节拍和小节线的束缚,创造出无节拍的节奏体系,即所谓“无理数节奏值组合”,例:。里盖蒂所用的这种两个八分附点音符结合的节奏型,在梅西安的作品《七俳句》(1962年)中同样可以见到。

3.八分音符三连音。在作品的第12小节,上声部出现了八分音符三连音的节奏,下声部仍保持着连续八分音符的律动,由此形成“三对二”的节奏形式。

4.十六分音符三连音。在到达作品的第21小节,节奏出现了新的变化,上声部的节奏由原来的八分音符三连音转换为十六分音符三连音,下声部仍是连续八分音符。直到第22小节,下声部由八分音符转换成八分音符三连音。节奏日趋紧密,对位也逐渐复杂。

5.十六分音符。随着节奏的不断复杂,音响也不断增强,作品在第26小节达到高潮。下声部的节奏也转变为连续的十六分音符节奏型,由此与上声部十六分音符三连音又形成“三对二”的节奏对位。

6.三十二分音符。随着渐强的增长,作品逐渐接近尾声,节奏也逐渐加快,到达第29小节,上声部节奏变为连续的三十二分音符的节奏组织。下声部则从连续的八分音符逐渐变为八分音符三连音、十六分音符、十六分音符三连音,直到第三十二小节末尾,接替上声部的连续进行的三十二分音符。

可见,里盖蒂在节奏组织方面进行了精密的安排,节奏由八分音符开始,接着附点八分音符、八分音符三连音、十六分音符三连音、十六分音符,最后到三十二分音符,由简到繁、由疏到密,速度逐渐加快,使得作品获得了不断向前发展的动力。

三、作品结构

第二首练习曲《空弦》,我们可以把这首作品的曲式结构划分为并列三部曲式,即A-B-C的关系。

A部分(1-11小节)是作品的呈示部分。在这一部分中,节奏使用连续的八分音符进行。上声部用连续八分音符构成的音组数具有不确定性,在到达第11小节第五音时即结束第一部分;下声部以七个八分音符为一组,在进入作品的中部之前,有所变化。并且下声部的旋律没有在上声部结束时停住,而是继续以连续的八分音符律动进行,到达第13小节第六音时,下声部旋律才结束。由此上、下声部形成节拍交错进行。

B部分(11-26小节)是作品的中部。上声部由第11小节末尾的两个八分音符附点的结合开始,此节奏与第一部分形成对比,接着出现八分音符三连音的节奏型;下声部从第13小节末尾相同的节奏开始,与上声部构成模仿关系。由于上、下声部的进入时间错开,因此在这—部分中,节奏始终处于交错状态,不断形成有“三对二”、“二对三”、三连音交错对位等种种变化形式。随着节奏的不断复杂,音响的逐渐加强,作品在第26小节达到全曲高潮。

C部分(26-39小节)是作品的对比段落。旋律从下声部开始,前三个音是主题的倒影形式,力度极弱,与高潮形成鲜明的对比,节奏像是第二部分的延续。在这一部分中,节奏越来越紧密,由十六分音符三连音逐渐变成三十二分音符。从第33小节开始,随着上声部节奏的舒缓进行,下声部节奏也逐渐放缓,由三十二分音符变为十六分音符三连音,再十六分音符、八分音符三连音、八分音符,最后在全曲唯一的一个二分音符力度逐渐消失的情况下结束。

结语

乔治·里盖蒂作为当代先锋派音乐的代表人物,其创作对于20世纪末的音乐发展产生了很大影响。尤其是荣获了格文美尔奖的第一册《钢琴练习曲》无疑是一部经典之作。从以上分析中可以看出他在创作技术上的创新与探索,尤其在音高结构和节奏组织等方面。笔者认为,第二首练习曲《空弦》是第一册《钢琴练习曲》中最为出色的作品之一。它以独特的创作形式与作曲技巧奠定了作者在20世纪无可取代的艺术地位,该曲新颖的音高结构布局、周密的节奏安排、自由的旋律写作都体现了里盖蒂独特的创作风格与杰出的艺术才华。

篇9:高二新概念英语第一册作文

Smart Phone Controls Life

Recently, it has been reported that a girl got her feet stuck in the sewer, because she kept her attention on the smart phone. When she realized her feet were stuck, she tried hard to get rid of it, but she failed. With the help of policeman, she was set free. It sounds a little ridiculous, but when we look at the people around, we can find that the new technology distracts their attention from face to face communication. People like to talk on the Internet, then they ignore the things in reality life. No matter what they are doing, waiting for the bus or sitting at the table with their friends, smart phones are always at their hands. It seems that smart phone has controlled their lives. Life is beautiful if we can see it, or we will miss the amazing moment. Don’t let the technology controls your life.

篇10:新概念英语第一册教学教学案

第一项

Warming-up

“今天给大家分享一个小故事,看哪位同学能明白其中的意思。认真听哦!let’s begin now.”

故事:Yesterday morning, I went to work as usual.〔教师大步向前走〕做出去上班的样子〕 Suddenly, I met a crowd of people.〔好奇〕 I felt very curious, I wanted to know what had happened.So I ran to the people and said: “ Excuse me , excuse me!Let me in, this is my sister.〔拨开人群〕 When I rushed into the crowds, oh, my god!〔惊讶〕---A dead dog lied down on the ground.〔不知所措〕

第二项听对话并回答问题

课堂过渡: “OK!我们一起回顾一下,刚刚那个女孩想冲进人群的时候是如何表达的呢?〔提问〕

Ss:“ Excuse me” T: yes!那么今天我们会在一起学习的内容就和“Excuse me” 有关。Now, open your books!And there are 4 pictures.I will ask you some questions:

1、How many people are there in the pictures? A:two people, a man and a woman [在老师的引导下进行回答]

2、Why does the man call the woman?

A: The woman’s handbag is lost.3、Whose handbag is it?

A: the woman’s handbag.那么现在我们一起来看看:what happened to the man and the woman? 他们之间究竟发生了什么事情呢?“

[通过问题让学生了解课文的基本内容;提出问题,引发一起寻找答案的兴趣。]

第三项挂图说明,课文讲解并背诵

S1: Excuse me!

ⅰ跟读并注意发音,浊化/gju/.图标解释 There is an “ACTION” sign.The conversation is started with the sign.T:“the man wants talk to the woman.What does he say? ”

Ss:“Excuse me”!※ 这里同样用了“Excuse me”!现在总结一下,我们已经知道两种情况可以用到“Excuse me”!

场景一:Excuse me, sir, will you tell me the way to Only school?劳驾,你可以告诉我去昂立的路吗? 第一种用法 向不熟悉的人打听情况或提出请求(其实质用法是引人注意),意为:请问;劳驾;对不起。Activity1

T 问一位学生:excuse me, may I know your name? 接着,回答的那名学生接着问下一名同学,不断重复excuse me!

场景二:I got a bus, there are lots of people, “ this stop is only road, get off please!” at that time I will say: Excuse me!第二种用法 用作从别人面前经过时的礼貌用语,意为:劳驾;对不起。※

今天再给大家介绍两种环境下,为了表示礼貌,我们也要说:“Excuse me!“ Activity2

第一排的同学站起来穿过第二排的同学,并说:excuse me!然后进行交换。每一位学生参与活动。

场景三:If you are late.What will you say? “Excuse me, may I come in?”(教师敲桌子)第三种用法 表示事先对自己不礼貌的行为道歉,意为:对不起。

Activity3

老师敲桌子,做敲门状。只要听到“敲门”声音,学生一起说:“Excuse me!“ 速度的快慢由老师自己掌握,为了让班级的气氛越来越高涨,可以在保证语音的基础上加快速度。

场景四:老师做出感冒的的样子,打一个喷嚏,“Excuse me!“ 第四种用法 打喷嚏时说"Excuse me“别人要说:god bless you!Activity4

T 做打喷嚏状,并说:“Excuse me!“。Ss一起做打喷嚏状,并重复:“Excuse me!

课堂过渡:“那么现在我们已经学习了 excuse me的用法了,当别人说:excuse me,我们要如何回答呢?

Look at the picture, what did the woman say? Ss: “yes”?

S2: YES?

图标解释 there is a question mark, 所以“yes”要用升调。借用body-language.当老师说:excuse me?学生们一起回答:yes?反复练习。然后走到一位学生身边: excuse me?学生回答:yes?

Activity5

教师和学生之间的互动,教师手势,学生来说Yes?教师突然手势下降,学生说Yes.课堂过渡:T 拿着一位学生的书或其他文具问:excuse me.S:yes? T: Is this your book? S: YES!T指着自己的鼻子:Is this your nose ? S: YES!T: YES?---T可以多举一些例子,一方面,操练“yes”的用法,另一方面引出:Is this your handbag? T:Why dose the man call the woman? He picks up a handbag.So he said to the woman: Is this your handbag?

S3: Is this your handbag?

图标解释这里的手势用来说明“这是―――”。

1] This 咬舌音〔轻轻地把舌头申出来,不申的我要用手来拽了,教师假装伸手〕

T 问一名同学:Is this your book? Yes!This is your book.2] 区别this & that [近指和远指]

T 指着离自己很近的一书本: This is my book.[逻辑重音:This] 然后T很cool地把书扔地很远同时指着那本书:That is my book.[逻辑重音:That]

Activity6

Fast reaction: when T point to a thing nearby, Ss should say: “this”, if T point to a thing far from him, Ss should say: “that(教师要很夸张自己的动作,这样才能达到很好的效果,近指和远指要有明显的区别。)

Activity7

T gets many things together from Ss.And pick up one of them, ask a student: Is this your knife? S: yes, it is or no, it isn’t.课堂过渡: T ask a student: is this your pencil? S: yes!T: PARDON? S: [loudly] T:PARDON? T: what’s your name? S:---T: Pardon? S:---[ loudly] T: Pardon? practise again and agian.S4:Pardon?

Explain the meaning

A When you can’t hear the voice clearly;B means “really”.Practice 2 Ss ask the T : What’s your name? T: ANGEL.Ss: pardon? T: ANGEL.Ss: pardon?

场景:Do you know who will invite me have a dinner tonight? Jay Chou.“Pardon?”

课堂过渡:T拿一本书走到一位学生处:Is this your book? S: pardon? T [LOUDLY] S: yes.那么我们如何做出肯定的回答呢? YES, it is.S5: YES, it is.图标解释 A “ bat man” means “it”.Activity9 T point at his nose or other body and ask some questions like these: Is this your nose? Is that your mouth? And so on.Practice their using : “yes, it is”.课堂过渡:女士已经确定男士捡到的包包是她的,那么对于别人的帮助,我们如何表达感谢呢?

Thank you very much.S6: Thank you very much

那么除了这种表达方式,还可以如何表达呢?Other usage: Thank you thanks many thanks don’t mention it I really appreciate of you thanks a lotno problemmy pleasurenever mind

第四项

语法讲解

第五项

做练习

第六项

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