高中英语短文改错

2022-07-02

第一篇：高中英语短文改错

高中英语短文改错总结

高中英语短文改错写作训练

(一) 教学指导

短文改错是高考写作中的一部分，文体大都是记叙文，旨在测试考生发现、判断和纠正错误的能力。它要求考生具有词法、句法和在语篇中综合运用英语的能力，因此考点综合性强，覆盖面广，错项设置类型多，是历年高考英语中的难题。为了提高做短文改错题的能力，除了要加强基础知识的积累、提高语篇的整体理解能力之外，还应该对其错项设置的基本情况有所了解，以便做到目标明确，有的放矢，从而提高解题的正确率。短文改错要从从语法和逻辑的角度，用口诀的形式，向同学们介绍高考英语短文改错中最常见的几类错误 1. 常见谓语动词错误类型有① 一般现在时与一般过去时错用;② and 前后动词时态不一致;③ 主谓不一致; ④ 缺少动词,特别是be动词;⑤ 第三人称单数形式错用; ⑥ 主动语态和被动语态错用。

1) They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.(did 改为do 错误类型属于 ①) 2) As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting 改为 visited错误类型属于②) 3) There will an important game next month.(will后加be错误类型属于④) 4)One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.( ③ 主谓不一致,was应为were) 2. 名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用;注意区分名词是可数还是不可数;或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。

① I’ll get good marks in all my subject.(subject 改为subjects) ② Their word were a great encouragement to me.(word 改为words)

③ Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges是不可数名词，改为knowledge) 3. 连词错误

连词包括关系代词、从属连词和并列连词and/ or/but等(一般考查从句关系 who/ whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether )

① I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式改为whose) ② I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up. (此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为 and) ③ Clever as she is, but she works very hard.(已经有连词as ,所以去掉but)

4. 冠词错误：误用a和an(根据单词的因素来判定);误用a 和the(固定搭配，各自单独使用的地方)

多余冠词或缺少冠词。

① We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the the same 是固定搭配) ② As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants.(mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以加 a ) ③ I hope you have pleasant journey.(一次愉快的旅行，所以pleasant前加a) 5. 形容词和副词错误

1) 系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词 smell /feel) 2) 词性的误用

形容词修饰名词

副词修饰实义动词，形容词和副词，过去分词用副词修饰

① I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.(time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰)

② My pronunciation was terribly.(作表语要用形容词terrible) 6. 代词错误 1)代词的主格和宾格(I / me; He/him; She/ her; We/ us ;They/ them )2)反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)3)代词的单数和复数4)多余的代词和少代词

① Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (express oneself, me 改为 myself ) ② One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (在to 前加it) ③ If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out.(other应为others)

④ What’s more , you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. (him应为them) 7. 非谓语动词的常见错误

1)不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。2)and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致(尤其距离较远时)，3)介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。4)某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 ① Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was…. (enjoy 后需接动名词 talk--talking) ② But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(go作主语改为 going ) ③ Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves.(read应为reading) 8. 介词错误

1)词组中的介词误用，2)介词意思理解偏差，3)介词的多用或少用 ① There are too many people among my family. (among 改为 in my family 为固定搭配)

② I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉 at ) 此外，还有一些错误是固定搭配中的错误，需要同学们在日常学习中注意积累固定短语。短文改错解题步骤

1)通读全文，掌握大意 2)整句分析，逐行推敲3)反复通读，复查验证

第二篇：高中英语短文改错技巧（本站推荐）

高中英语短文改错技巧

1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有： ①一般现在时与一般过去时错用; ②and前后动词时态不一致; ③主谓不一致; ④缺少动词,特别是be动词; ⑤第三人称单数形式错用; ⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 2.名词的常见错误：

单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。 3.连词错误：

连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/or/but等。关于连词，一般考查从句关系：who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 4.冠词错误：

误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定); 误用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词) 5.形容词和副词错误：

系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel); 词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。 6.代词错误：

代词的主格和宾格(I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us they/them)错误; 反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误; 代词的单数和复数使用错误; 代词指代错误; 多代词或少代词。 7.非谓语动词的常见错误：不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时; and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时); 介词后用动名词形式作宾语; 某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 8.介词错误：词组中的介词误用; 介词意思理解偏差; 介词的多用或少用

二、短文改错解答口诀动词形，名词数;

1 注意形和副; 非谓动词细辨别; 习惯用法要记住; 句子成分多分析; 逻辑错误须关注。 1.动词形

主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。

例如：My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. (are) 上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。 2.名词数

指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如：…so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subjects) 3.区分形和副

即区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如：I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderful) Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunately) 需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。 4.非谓动词细辨别

这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。例如：

…in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interested) Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also … (playing) My parents love me… and will do all they can ∧ make sure… (to)

上述

二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。 5.习惯用法要记住

主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。

例如：It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and… (of) We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. (of) 6.句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。

例如：They∧eager to know everything about China and… (were)

2 I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (which) 第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受寒于习惯的影响而导致的错误;第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作主语。 7.逻辑错误须关注

与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。

例如：The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(their) First, let me tell you something more about myself.(去掉more) …no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead. (everyone) 上述第一例中的主语是Smiths(史密斯夫妇俩)，因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表“再”的意思，才开始告诉别人，怎么能说“再告诉你一些事”?第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端，“我们”把电视机卖了;晚上没电视看了，所以与从前一样，大家又都读书了，所以该用everyone。

除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but, and, or和so的用法错误(可以归类为逻辑错误)，以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：

She was smiling but nodding at me.(and) It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.(or) We may be one family and live under a same roof.(the)

三、短文改错参考原则 1.改动以最少为原则; 2.虚词以添加或删除为原则; 3.实词以改变词形为原则; 4.以保持句子原意为原则; 5.核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例：即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个; 6.核对改正的语法项目是否有重复，因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象; 7.核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。

第三篇：高中英语短文改错题做题技巧探秘

短文改错技巧、

三、归纳短文改错错误类型:

(一) 词法的测试

1.名词：主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。 eg: 1) I have many hobby, such as football, sing, listen music.

Hobby是可数名词，在这要用复数形式;playing football是一项运动，football只是一种球; sing和listen to 要用动名词形式。2) Do exercises do good to our healthy. exercise作运动讲是不可数名词，do exercise作主语要用动名词形式，谓动用单数;healthy是形容词，这里要用名词形式。3) Reading books is one of my hobby.

one of 后的名词应用复数形式。

2. 代词：对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的

内容及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后是否一致，常考的代词包括人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、关系代词及疑问代词等。

1).He drove too fast, and the police stopped her.

前面提到的是he而后面却用her来代，故应将her改为him.

2).This is the best film which I have ever seen.

先行词前有最高级修饰应用关系代词that 而不是which。

3. 冠词：英语中只有三个冠词，但用起来却很复杂，在短文改

错中，错误不外乎该用冠词时没有用，不该用时却用了;该用an用了a，该用a(n)却用了the.

1) I meant to write letter and tell you all the things„

letter为可数名词,故write后应加a.

2) I like playing the football.去the

3) He is a honest boy.a改为an

4. 介词：检查介词主要是查介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配，

介词惯用词组等是否正确。

1) I am writing to thank you with your kind help.

thank sb. for sth.为固定搭配，故应将with 改为for.

2) „I’m the happiest in all.

此句想表达的意思是“我是所有人中最高兴的”。故应将in改为 of.

3) Under the help of my father, I „under改为 with

4) He went to Beijing in next Sunday.in 改为on

5.形容词、副词：形容词、副词的误用主要指在该用形容词的地方用了副词，该用副词的地方用了形容词。改错行中出现形容词或副词时就要仔细分析该形容词或副词修饰什么，形式是否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级。形容词、副词误

用也是常考的改错项目之一。

1) I had not interest in English .interest是名词，应用形容词no来修饰，而not是副词，副词不能修饰名

2) These are the happier girls I’ve ever seen.(NMET2007)

此处有I’ve ever seen限定，应用最高级，故happier应改为 happiest.

3) You can borrow a book very easy.easy 改为easily.

4) These books are very worth reading.用well 修饰

6. 连词：短文改错中出现连词就要判断连词用的是否正确，是否

符合句子意思;连接的是词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。此

外如果是平行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题

平行结构常借助与并列连词and , or , but ,

not only„but also„, „not„but„, either„or„, neither „nor„, as well as等。

1) As it has been raining these days, so we have decided to put off our sports meeting.由于前句有As引导原因状语从句，因此后句不能再用so,故应把so 去掉。

2) The population is growing, but the earth must support too many people.

根据上下文意思判断，前后两个并列分句不存在意义上的折，

所以but应改为and或so.这是典型的并列连词误用。

7. 动词：动词错误在短文改错中所占比重最大，它所涉及的错误

包括动词的时态、语态错误;易混动词的用法错误; 动

词的第三人称单数错误;动词的非谓语形式，以及动词的句型搭配错误等。在改错题中，动词方面的考查比例较大。

1) 动词的时态、语态错误

a. I will write again and send you the photos we take together.

take photos动作发生在过去，应用过去时.

b. The book you borrowed from the library should returned in five days.

根据本句意义，should后应加上been，构成被动语态。

c. In school, I often playing football for my friends.

playing改为 play;for 改为with

2) 易混动词使用错误

a. I persuaded him to stop smoking, but he didn’t listen.

persuade 意为“说服”，强调成功的结果，而根据下句 he

didn’t listen可知，劝说并没有成功，故应改persuaded为 advised.

b. You please rise your hands.

rise是不及物动词，而raise是及物动词，所以举手应用

raise your hands.这属于及物动词与不及物动词的误用。

3) 非谓语动词使用错误

a. We are looking forward to see you on the birthday party.

look forward to 中的to是介词，应加动名词，将see改为seeing.

b. I’m sorry I keep you wait for a long time .I got caught in the traffic.

在任何情况下keep均和doing连用，如keep doing sth.;

keep sb. (sth).doing sth. ;keep „from doing„ 等.

c. I’d like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country.

to后加be。因其后是名词，而不是动词原形，不能直接用to.

8. 词语固定搭配:

主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配;副词、

动词的固定搭配;及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词，英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。

1) My teacher advised me to keep my diary.

keep a diary是固定搭配，意思是“写日记”.

2) In my surprise, he did very well in his previous job.

To one’s surprise 是固定搭配

3) I thought that was dull to watch a game„(NMET2005)

此题考查it的功能，It + be + adj. + to do为固定结构。

4) „the activities are not only enjoyable and also helpful.解析：

not only„ but also„为固定结构，故将and 改为but.

5) I have no difficulty learn maths.

have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定结构

6) He spends too much time play games.spend some time (in) doing sth.为固定结构

(一) 词法的测试

1.名词：主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。

2. 代词：对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指的

内容及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后是否一致，常考的代词包括人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、关系代词及疑问代词等。

3. 冠词：英语中只有三个冠词，但用起来却很复杂，在短文改错中，错误不外乎该用冠词时没有用，不该用时却用了;该用an用了a，该用a(n)却用了the.

4. 介词：检查介词主要是查介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭

配，介词惯用词组等是否正确。

5.容词、副词：形容词、副词的误用主要指在该用形容词的

地方用了副词，该用副词的地方用了形容词。改错行中出现形容词或副词时就要仔细分析该形容词或副词修饰什么，形式是否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级。形容词、副词误

用也是常考的改错项目之一。

6. 连词：短文改错中出现连词就要判断连词用的是否正确，

是否符合句子意思;连接的是词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。此外如果是平行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题

平行结构常借助与并列连词and , or , but , not only„but also„, „not„but„, either„or„, neither „nor„, as well as。

7. 动词：动词错误在短文改错中所占比重最大，它所涉及的

错误包括动词的时态、语态错误;易混动词的用法错误; 动词的第三人称单数错误;动词的非谓语形式，以及动词的句型搭配错误等。

8. 词语固定搭配:主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配;副词、动词的固定搭配;及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词，英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。

(二) 句法的测试：

1主谓语在数上的一致;

I hope everything are ok with you.are 改为is

2名词性从句;

A man came up to him and asked that he needed. that是连词，在从句中无任何意义，而后面的宾语从句缺宾语，用what引导宾语从句作宾语从句的宾语。

3定语从句;

This would save the life of many animals, some of then have almost died out.

them改为 which

4强调句型;It is/was +被强调的部分+that/who„

It was in 1949 when he joined the army.when改为that

5句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性及逻辑性。

(三)语篇的测试语篇的测试包括：

1上下文中的时态是否一致;

2上下文中的代词是否一致;

3上下文中的逻辑是否一致;

4上下文中的词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。

四、注意问题：

短文改错时改“错”，而不是把文中的表达法改成另外的表达形式。很多考生对这个概念比较模糊。把原文中并没有错的形式改成了自己认可的另外一种形式，虽然改后的表达法也是对的，但这样做偏离了这类题型的答题要求，因而也不能得分。

五、复习建议：

除了多做改错专项练习外，也要做与短文改错题型相关的其他练习。比如：1.在平时写作过程中就要十分注意自己容易犯的语法错误。2.还可以通过看其他同学的习作，欣赏的同时也可有意识地把该习作进行一下“改错”。

3.平时还可以多进行单句改错练习，逐渐体会和把握短文改错这一题型的规律。

(一)改前通读全文, 切忌拿来就改，这一步很关键。这一步的目标是了解短文的中心意思，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑。记叙文强调时间、地点、人物和事件四要素，在通读全文理解全文的同时把一些比较容易的或是明显的错误先改好

(二)分句阅读，逐行找错。在纠错时要仔细地读懂每一个句子，这时就要对文中的词法、句法和语篇(详见考查要点)角度着重分析和特别注意。把涉及到以上错误类型的词多斟酌一下。

(三)做将答案放回原文,再重读全文。其目的主要是查看有无不符合逻辑,语句不通畅,不符合英语习惯的问题。

第一节短文改错 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在此处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出修改的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从十一处起)不计分。 I first met Li Ming at a friend birthday party five years ago. Then I invited Li Ming overin my place. We listen to my CDs together and soon become best friends. Three years ago, Li Ming’s parents invited I to spend two wonderful week in Qingdao with them during the summer holiday. Li Ming and I loved walking along the beautifully beaches there. Last year I was ill but had to stay in hospital for a week. LiMing came∧see me every day. Then his father has changed jobs and they moved to another city. Since then we haven’t see each other much. But we’ve kept writing to each other. (一) I live and study in a small town to the south of Jiangsu, and now I am a Senior 3 student. For∧long time, I’ve been dreaming of study in a famous university in a big city, such as Beijing, Xi’an and Guangzhou. I often talk with my parent about my dream. But until now they haven’t been agreed with me. They always said that I am just a girl and the only child in the family, so you’d better choose a university within the province, I can understand they will certainly feel alone if I leave them. But I really want to experience an exciting and complete difference life. I don’t know what I can do to persuade them.

(二)

You may have learned English for some years. This is natural that you want to∧able to read some English books or magazines. Just think of how happy you will be when you finish reading a book and a passage in English. It is important to choose a book that interest you. Then you may ask what kind of book to enjoy. I think you should choose something that is either too difficult nor too easily. While reading, never let new words take too much of you attention. Just do it as you often do with your own language. Try∧guess its meaning if coming across any.

第一节短文改错 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

增加：在此处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出修改的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从十一处起)不计分。

I first met Li Ming at a friend birthday party five years ago. Then I invited Li Ming over

in my place. We listen to my CDs together and soon become best friends. Three years ago, Li Ming’s parents invited I to spend two wonderful week in Qingdao with them during the summer holiday. Li Ming and I loved walking along the beautifully beaches there. Last year I was ill but had to stay in hospital for a week. LiMing came see me every day. Then his father has changed jobs and they moved to another city. Since then we haven’t see each other much. But we’ve kept writing to each other. (一)

I live and study in a small town to the south of Jiangsu, and now I am a Senior 3 student. For long time, I’ve been dreaming of study in a famous university in a big city, such as Beijing, Xi’an and Guangzhou. I often talk with my parent about my dream. But until now they haven’t been agreed with me. They always said that I am just a girl and the only child in the family, so you’d better choose a university within the province, I can understand they will certainly feel alone if I leave them. But I really want to experience an exciting and complete difference life. I don’t know what I can do to persuade them.

(二)

You may have learned English for some years. This is natural that you want to able to read some English books or magazines. Just think of how happy you will be when you finish reading a book and a passage in English. It is important to choose a book that interest you. Then you may ask what kind of book to enjoy. I think you should choose something that is either too difficult nor too easily. While reading, never let new words take too much of you attention. Just do it as you often do with your own language. Try guess its meaning if coming across any.

1.动词使用错误2.冠词使用错误 3.名词使用错误 4.介词使用错误5.形容词‘副词使用错误

6.连词使用错误7.代词的误用8.引导词的误用9.上下文逻辑错误

考点设置:

1.名词

近几年短文改错中涉及名词考点的特点是:

1)题量为每年1题;

2)错误均为本应用复数形式,却用了单数形式

3)所有要求改动的名词前都无数词限定.

2000)She said that she and my schoolmate all„„

2001) „so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.

2002)On the way up I was busy taking picture.

schoolmate-schoolmates; subject-subjectspicture-pictures.

2.并列连词:

涉及并列连词考点的特点是:“and” , “but”, 或“or”三个词的混用而导致句意出现逻辑错误.

2000) She was smiling but nodding at me.

2001) „as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.

2002)The food was expensive and the service was good.

but-and. and-or,and-but

3.时态

近几年短文改错中涉及时态的考点有如下特点:

1.)题量为每年1 题;

2)考点局限在两种时态之间,即现在时与过去时混用;

3) 句中没有时间状语可供分析参考.

2000) I remembered her words and calm down.

2001) They did not want me to do any work at family.

2002) The time passes quickly.

calm-calmed did-do passes-passed

4.从句

近几年短文改错所涉及从句的考具有以下特点:

每年必有1-2题;

错误出现在从句的引导词上;

句子较长,一般排列两行以上.

2000) „,but it didn’t matter that I would win or not.

2000)„felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf.

2001) What thing are in other homes, I wonder.

2002)It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.

that-whether; as-that ;What-How; when

5.习惯用语

这方面的考点有以下特点;

1)题量大,从2000-2002为例,3年共有5题;

2)设疑方式一般为多余一词或少一词;

3)多余的这一词主要是介词,冠词,副词等三类词.

2000)Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in„

2001)„in any other words , I am an only child.

2001)„not seem to get much time to talk about together.

2002)Evening came down,we spent the night„

2002) I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. 删去a;删去any;删去about;删去down;删去at

6.无错

第四篇：高考英语短文改错专题教案

教学目标：

知识目标：

(1). 了解高考短文改错试题结构相对稳定。

即：设置10项判断。其中有去词，加词和改词三项，共10处错误。 (一般情况下，去词和加词各出现一个，其余为改词。) (2).掌握做短文改错的几种方法。并运用到实际学习中。能力目标： (1).要求答题规范，在做题中遵循规范化模式。 (2).充分运用教学改革中使用的预习提纲、学习目标去预习----学习---巩固所学知识。情感目标：

使学生在愉快中了解学习方法，从而自如、自信的运用所学知识去迎接高考

教法：

教学方法：采用问答式、讲练形式、小组活动和个体活动相结合方法. 教学重难点： 1. 重点：

短文改错方法中的：动词的混用;虚词的添加与删除，逻辑不清，固定用法的误判

等

2. 难点：正确运用“浏览全文，了解大意。逐句分析，逐句改错。复读全文，仔细推敲，最后复查”的解题策略教学步骤

一.高考短文改错的考察方式

Unnecessary word

1. I can go to home now. Missing word

2. I like playing piano. Wrong word2.

3. I am fond at English. 二

Limerick 动词形，名词数.还要注意形和副.代词格，细领悟. 介词短语须关注.习惯用法要记住.冠词连词常光顾.

1. 动词形

1).动词的时态和语态错误. 2). 主、谓不一致的错误。

高考链接1：

When the air move, we have wind. I hold my lunch-box in my hand when I was going to school(2011全国)

动词练习

1).Water pollution often bring on disease. 2).So far, he made a living by picking up wastes.

3).The church burned down yesterday date from the 18th century. 4).With a boy led the way, they started towards the village. 2名词数

指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。高考链接2：

One of my unforgettable memory of my school in Xinjiang is„

(2011全国) 1).Don’t lose hearts, you’ll be successful in time.2).I need some more informations. 3还要注意形和副

1).修饰名词，be动词，系动词要用形容词 2).修饰动词，形容词，过去分词，整个句子用副词 3).比较级和最高级的使用高考链接3：

It is still hardly for me to write in English. Exercise 1). They are very beautiful and high praised by whoever sees them. 2). It takes a long time to go there by train. It’s quick by car. 4代词格，细领悟

代词的误用,如our与us，it‘s与its，it与that, them;he与she. his 与 her ,one与ones，宾格(如me)与反身代词(如myself)等的误用。

5五、介词短语须关注，习惯用法要记住.

介词的误用、缺少或多余。常见的如in 与on，to与for，instead与instead of，because与because of等的误用。 6冠词连词常光顾连词的误用。如or与and，and与but，so与but的误用，because或since与so连用，though与but连用等。

冠词a, an和the的用法错误. 7逻辑错误

上下文不一致，甚至是自相矛盾，如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名，地名，时间方位等方面的错误

三.Exercise 短文改错

At Christmas Eve, Jim went with his father to choose a Christmas tree. They choose a big one. It was almost as taller as the room! They put them in the corner of the sitting room. Kate was covered it with a lot of Christmas light. The sitting room looked really beautifully at the moment. There was a fire burning in the fire place, but the Christmas tree lights were shinning brightly. Jim and his parents singing and dance happily. 四.小节

(一)做短文该错应采取三个步骤

1.通读短文，掌握大意

2.细读全文，逐一作答 3.复读全文，验证答案

(二)特点

1 一般以三种题型出现:增加,删除或修改。

2 设问的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻辑

3 从错误比例上看，错词最多。五.Homework 短文改错练习：

My dear students.I didn’t know what I should say to some of you who is still addicted to the Internet.As teacher.I’d like to remind you that you’re wasting your time，energy，or even your life.You can never find the losing time and youth again.As students,we should value the limited time to study hard .As you know you’11graduate the school in two months or so.After graduation you won’t possibly find out so good a condition to study in.So make full use every minute to study hard so that you won’t feel sadly in the future.

第五篇：高中短文改错常见类型经典（模版）

一、错误类型

多词：冠词、介词、动词不定式符号to等。

漏词：冠词、介词、动词不定式符号to、系动词、物主代词等。错词：

(一)语法错误

1.主谓不一致;2.时态不一致;3.指代不一致;4.平行不一致;

5.名词的单复数;6.词的固定搭配和惯用法(如:get used to doing sth.) 7.词性的误用(形/副);

8.冠词的误用;9.语态、非谓语动词;10.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级混用。

(二)逻辑错误

1.上下行文逻辑错误(and/but/or/so); 2.主从复合句中连词或引导词的误用; 3.句意混乱(up/down ;here/there)。

二、常见错误设置模式

1.①在so…that…结构中，so 和that不同行，把that放在下一行，so 的位置上写成了very;

② too…to…结构中, too写成了very;

③There is no need to do sth.中There 用成了It; ④It is/has been…years since…中since用成了when; ⑤was/were doing…when…结构中，when用成了while。 2. the same…中the 用成了a或漏掉定冠词the(same永远和the 在一起.如the same as与…一样/相同; all the same仍然,还是; the same to you); for a long time(长时间)漏掉a; most of the…漏掉the;

for the first time(第一次)漏掉the; make progress中间加了a。

3. repeat之后加了again;return之后加了back; enter之后加了into/to。 4. because/ since和so连用; although /though和but连用;

reason和because连用(The reason why…is that…;Another reason is that…)。 5.元音字母开头但发辅音的词前用了an，如university, European, useful thing, usual thing。

6.辅音字母开头但发元音的词前用了a，如：honest, hour, honor。 7.现在分词与过去分词的误用。

三、常见的误用词

1. little很少(修饰不可数名词)/few很少数(修饰可数名词); 2. less更少(修饰不可数名词)/fewer更少数(修饰可数名词); 3. many许多(修饰可数名词)/much许多(修饰不可数名词); 4. beside在…旁边 /besides除此之外还…, 而且; 5. here这儿 /there那儿; 6. before在…以前 / after在…以后; 7.时段+ago……以前(常用于一般过去时)/ 时段+before……以前①(常用于过去完成时);②以前(与now相对);

8. a/an泛指，/the 特指 ;

9. sick有病的,患病的(adj.)/ill(有病的)表语形容词; 10. well好(adv.);身体好(adj.)/good好(adj.); 11. it’s﹦it is/has / its它的(pron.);

12. either也(用在否定句)/too也(用在肯定句);

13. alone独自一人(表语形容词)/lonely(人)孤独的,寂寞的;(地)荒凉的; 14. hard难的(adj.); 努力地(adv.)/hardly几乎不,简直不(adv.);

15. high(位置)高高的/地(可以客观计量)/highly(程度)高度地(不能客观计量); 16. most大多数，大部分(adj./ pron.)/mostly主要地(adv.); 17. because因为(前果后因)/ why为什么, …的原因(前因后果); 18. and (顺承/递进并列)/ but(转折)/or (选择)/so (因果);

19. when(当…的时候)/while(当…的时候)从句常用进行时,延续性动词; 20. which引导非限制性定语从句/that引导同位语从句;

21. if ①如果 ②是否(只引导宾语从句,且不与or连用)/whether是否(引导名词性从句或构成 whether to do sth.);

22. each(两个或两个以上中的)每一个,(强调各自的)/ every(三个或三个以上中的)每一个,(强调所有的,无一例外的);

23. among在(三者以上)之间 /between在两者之间,(多个事物的)每两两之间; 24. all(三者以上)都/ both两者都;

25. any(三者以上中)任一 /either(两者中)任一; 26. other 别的,其他的 /another又一(个),再一(个); 27. none(三者以上中)没一个 /neither(两者中)没一个; 28. sometime(过去/将来)某时 /sometimes有时;

29. everybody每个人，人人，大家(用在肯定句中)/anybody任何人(用在否定句、疑问句或条件从句中);

30. everything 一切(用在肯定句中)/anything任何事(用在否定句/疑问句/条件从句中);

31. no没有(adj.不与a/an、the、any等连用,no﹦not a /not any eg. I have no umbrella. I have no problems. I have no money with me.)/not不(adv.);

32. spend花费(人作主语 )/cost花费 (事物作主语);

33. wear 穿着，戴着，佩戴 /dress给……穿衣(宾语是人而不是衣服); 34. receive 收到 /accept 接受，收下;

35. left 落下，忘带(后跟具体地点)/forgot 忘记; 36. 36. lie 躺,位于 /lay 放,摆,铺;产卵;

37. invent发明,创造(宾语是客观没有的)/discover发现(宾语是客观存在的); 38. 38. wish希望,但愿 (其后宾语从句用虚拟语气)/hope希望;

39. likely 很可能(adj./adv.)/ like 跟……一样,像(prep./conj.)/as 作为,如同(prep.);

40. cross横过,穿过(v.)/across 横过,穿过(prep./ adv.); 41. interesting有趣的,令人感兴趣的(物作主语)/ interested感兴趣的(人作主语); 42. fortunate幸运的(adj.)/fortunately 幸运地(adv.); 43. unfortunate不幸的(adj.)/unfortunately不幸地(adv); 44. immediate立即,马上(adj.)/immediately立即,马上(adv.); 45. comfortable舒适的(adj.)/comfortably舒适地(adv.);

46. missed错过了的 /missing失踪的, 缺失了的 /lost迷途的，丢失的; 47. close (关系)近的,亲密的(adj.);(位置)靠近地(adv.)/closely (关系) 亲密的(adv.)/closed关闭的;

48. persuade(说服)sb. to do sth./advise(建议)sb. to do sth. /suggest(建议)doing sth.;

49. keep借用(可延续)/borrow借(进)/lend借(出); 50. named叫做(后置定语)/naming; 51. called叫做(后置定语)/calling;

52. drowned 已淹死的 /drowning 溺水的，快要淹死的;

53. late 迟的 /晚地(adj./adv.)/lately 最近,近来(adv.)/later(时间段)以后,较后的,晚一点;

54. like 像,跟……一样(prep.)/ likely 很可能( adj.); 55. time 时间 /times 时代,时期 /timely及时的。

56.so/such…that “多多少少”(many/much /little/few)前用so

四、短文改错口诀

动词形、名词数，词性误用形和副; 冠/介小词错漏多，代词错在数与格; 动词二态非谓语，句子成分多分析; 从句常考引导词，固定搭配莫迟疑; 语法牢记四一致，逻辑关系细推理。

五、短文改错应遵循的原则

◆错误以改动最少为原则 ◆虚词以增加或删除为原则 ◆实词以改变形式为原则 ◆原意以保持不变为原则

六、短文改错解题技巧