高中英语短文改错方法

2022-12-10

第一篇：高中英语短文改错方法

高考英语“读写任务”中的短文段落大意的概括方法

广州市黄埔区第八十六中学赵安西

概括段落大意是理解掌握课文内容的重要手段，也是总结中心思想的前提。这里，向大家介绍几种常见方法：

一、综合法。就是围绕文章的中心进行概括。如

A typical Chinese family in the past was quite large with many children, uncles and aunts living in the same courtyard. Parents and their children lived with their grandparents. Most Chinese families consisted of three generations who shared the same roof. But now the Chinese family has changed a great deal. The traditional large families are gradually disappearing and instead, with the housing reform and due to the family planning, one-child family with only the parents and a child is quite common in today’s society.

With the change of the family structure, however, a few disadvantages have arisen. First, with only one child in a family, it’s easy to find a spoiled “Little emperor” everywhere. Second, who will take care of the old people in the future? Though one-child family may bring about these serious problems, I feel quite sure that we will find solutions to them. 本文讲了三层意思。第一段讲了过去典型中国家庭模式(a typical Chinese family in the past);第二层讲现代中国家庭模式的变化形式(the changing form of the modern Chinese family);第三层讲了家庭结构的变化所带来的不利之处(the disadvantages of the change of the Chinese family)。

这样综合三层的意思,短文大意可以概括为：

As time goes by, the structure of the Chinese family is changing. In the past, a typical Chinese family was quite large, but now it has changed into a smaller one, which has brought many disadvantages to our society.

二、摘引法。就是摘用课文中的重点词语或重点句(首起句、总结句、中心句)来概括。

Disadvantages of life in big cities Although big cities provide people with many conveniences, they certainly have their own disadvantages. Traffic is the first and often most serious problem. The majority of people spend a great deal of time on their way to work or coming back from work. During the rush time, all the streets are jammed with packed buses and endless lines of bicycles and cars, and almost avoidable traffic accidents occur, resulting in broken limbs and tragic deaths. Air pollution comes second. Factories and moving vehicles are constantly giving off smoke and harmful gases. There is no way to get fresh air except to go out of the city on weekends or holidays. If the weather is bad, you will find the whole city overcast with

1 smog. As a result, pollution induced diseases are now a common occurrence. However, noise, and violence are to be found in every big city and the situation seems to get worse year by year. In short, life in big cities is rather unnatural and unhealthy. To me, it is silly of people to choose to live in big cities. 通过阅读全文，不难看出短文中每一段的首句即为该段的中心意思。将每一段段落大意放在一起便可以作为这篇段文的概括：

Although big cities provide people with many conveniences, they certainly have their own disadvantages, such as the problems of traffic, air pollution, noise, and violence in every big city, and the situation seems to get worse year by year.

三、取主法。就是短文中有几层意思，取重要的层次作为短文大意中心部分。如：

Swimming is an elegant sport. Floating in the cool water, man feels free, relaxed and happy. It seems as if all the worldly affairs were gone and he were in the wonderland of quietness and beauty. When you are swimming, every bone and muscle is in motion. You will feel your heart beating hard, about 2 to 3 times faster than usual, which is good for your health. Besides, your lungs are trained when you are almost breathless. Their capacity is gradually being enlarged red, providing you with much more oxygen in a single breath. When it is burning hot in summer, you go to a swimming pool or seaside and jump into the clean cool water. You can enjoy lying gently on the water surface with every organ of your body totally relaxed. The beautiful blue heaven is high over your face, with white cotton-lid fluffy clouds swirling flexibly. Now and then some birds skim over the water or sing a merry song, and then merge in the distant blue. The trees along the river or lake are waving their leaves and their murmuring makes you feel that you are closer to nature. 本文列举了“游泳”的诸多好处。

第一小段写了Man feels free, relaxed and happy by swimming;

第二小段写了两层意思。第一层写Swimming can make every bone and muscle in motion and your heart beating faster, which is good for your health. 第二层写swimming can increase your capacity of your lungs, which provides you with much more oxygen in a single breath.第三段与第一段遥相呼应，细致地描述游泳的益处。但联系全文我们可以确定第二小段中的第一层和第二层的所表达的游泳的益处是主要的。因此，段落大意可以概括为：

Swimming has many benefits to people. It can not only make you feel free, relaxed and happy, but can also accelerate your heart-beating and promote your every bone and muscle in motion and increase your vital capacity.

四、合并法。就是把一段的几层意思合并起来进行概括。

Whenever a college student is asked, “what are you going to do this summer vacation?” the most probable answer might be, “I’m going to travel.” It sounds that every college student is fond of traveling. Why? Because travel has many advantages. First of all, travel can make us know more — the knowledge of geography, the knowledge of customs, cultures and lifestyles of different places and countries. Secondly, we can make friends and practice a foreign language through traveling. Finally, travel is one of the easiest ways of pastimes. We can enjoy various food and beautiful sceneries. In a word, we can benefit from travel in more than one way. Traveling is

2 worthwhile. 本文主要阐述了“旅游”的各种好处，如：Firstly, travel can make us know the knowledge of geography, the knowledge of customs, cultures and lifestyles of different places and countries. Secondly, we can make friends and practice a foreign language through traveling. Finally, travel is one of the easiest ways of pastimes. We can enjoy various food and beautiful sceneries. 综上所述，归根结底，一句话，本文主要讲：Travel can give us all kinds of advantages. 因此，我们可以这样合并本文的大意：

Travel has all kinds of advantages. First, it can make us know much different knowledge and customs of different countries. Second, we can make friends and practice foreign languages through traveling. Lastly, travel is one of the easiest ways of pastimes and appreciating beautiful sceneries.

五、提炼法

即在短文中找出几个关键词，然后以这几个词为中心，概括短文要点。请看下面一篇文章：

How to protect children Web fans from unsuitable material On-line while encouraging them to use the Internet has long been discussed in the US. For some parents, the Internet can seem like a jungle, filled with danger for their children. But jungles contain wonders as well as danger and with good guides, some education, and a few precautions(预防), the wilds of the Internet can be safely navigated(操作).” Kids have to be on line. If we tell our kids they can’t have chances to the Internet, we are cutting them off from their future.” said an expert. Most kids have started to use search engines. Many for them are great for finding tons of interesting Internet sites, and they can also locate places where you might not want your kids to go. There are search engines designed just for kids. Certain software contains only sites that have been selected as safety. The most popular way to limit chances would be to use what is known as a “content screener”. But this can’t be wholly reliable. And the best thing parents can do is to talk to their kids and let them know what is OK or not OK to see or do in the Internet. Another way is that mum or dad is nearby when the child is surfing the Internet. 我们从本文的每段中提炼出以下几个能概括本文中心思想的单词：

discussion – wonders – danger - search engines – guides 然后，我们再以这几个词为中心进行拓展。归纳概括此文如下：

How to get children to use the Internet correctly is a topic being discussed in America. Some think the Internet has many wonders, but it can also bring danger to children because of unhealthy websites. Therefore, search engines should be used to restrict their use of the Internet and guidance be given to them.

第二篇：高中英语短文改错总结

高中英语短文改错写作训练

(一) 教学指导

短文改错是高考写作中的一部分，文体大都是记叙文，旨在测试考生发现、判断和纠正错误的能力。它要求考生具有词法、句法和在语篇中综合运用英语的能力，因此考点综合性强，覆盖面广，错项设置类型多，是历年高考英语中的难题。为了提高做短文改错题的能力，除了要加强基础知识的积累、提高语篇的整体理解能力之外，还应该对其错项设置的基本情况有所了解，以便做到目标明确，有的放矢，从而提高解题的正确率。短文改错要从从语法和逻辑的角度，用口诀的形式，向同学们介绍高考英语短文改错中最常见的几类错误 1. 常见谓语动词错误类型有① 一般现在时与一般过去时错用;② and 前后动词时态不一致;③ 主谓不一致; ④ 缺少动词,特别是be动词;⑤ 第三人称单数形式错用; ⑥ 主动语态和被动语态错用。

1) They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.(did 改为do 错误类型属于 ①) 2) As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting 改为 visited错误类型属于②) 3) There will an important game next month.(will后加be错误类型属于④) 4)One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.( ③ 主谓不一致,was应为were) 2. 名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用;注意区分名词是可数还是不可数;或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。

① I’ll get good marks in all my subject.(subject 改为subjects) ② Their word were a great encouragement to me.(word 改为words)

③ Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges是不可数名词，改为knowledge) 3. 连词错误

连词包括关系代词、从属连词和并列连词and/ or/but等(一般考查从句关系 who/ whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether )

① I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式改为whose) ② I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up. (此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为 and) ③ Clever as she is, but she works very hard.(已经有连词as ,所以去掉but)

4. 冠词错误：误用a和an(根据单词的因素来判定);误用a 和the(固定搭配，各自单独使用的地方)

多余冠词或缺少冠词。

① We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the the same 是固定搭配) ② As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants.(mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以加 a ) ③ I hope you have pleasant journey.(一次愉快的旅行，所以pleasant前加a) 5. 形容词和副词错误

1) 系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词 smell /feel) 2) 词性的误用

形容词修饰名词

副词修饰实义动词，形容词和副词，过去分词用副词修饰

① I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.(time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰)

② My pronunciation was terribly.(作表语要用形容词terrible) 6. 代词错误 1)代词的主格和宾格(I / me; He/him; She/ her; We/ us ;They/ them )2)反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)3)代词的单数和复数4)多余的代词和少代词

① Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (express oneself, me 改为 myself ) ② One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (在to 前加it) ③ If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out.(other应为others)

④ What’s more , you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. (him应为them) 7. 非谓语动词的常见错误

1)不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。2)and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致(尤其距离较远时)，3)介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。4)某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 ① Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was…. (enjoy 后需接动名词 talk--talking) ② But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(go作主语改为 going ) ③ Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves.(read应为reading) 8. 介词错误

1)词组中的介词误用，2)介词意思理解偏差，3)介词的多用或少用 ① There are too many people among my family. (among 改为 in my family 为固定搭配)

② I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉 at ) 此外，还有一些错误是固定搭配中的错误，需要同学们在日常学习中注意积累固定短语。短文改错解题步骤

1)通读全文，掌握大意 2)整句分析，逐行推敲3)反复通读，复查验证

第三篇：高中英语短文改错技巧（本站推荐）

高中英语短文改错技巧

1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有： ①一般现在时与一般过去时错用; ②and前后动词时态不一致; ③主谓不一致; ④缺少动词,特别是be动词; ⑤第三人称单数形式错用; ⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 2.名词的常见错误：

单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。 3.连词错误：

连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/or/but等。关于连词，一般考查从句关系：who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 4.冠词错误：

误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定); 误用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词) 5.形容词和副词错误：

系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel); 词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。 6.代词错误：

代词的主格和宾格(I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us they/them)错误; 反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误; 代词的单数和复数使用错误; 代词指代错误; 多代词或少代词。 7.非谓语动词的常见错误：不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时; and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时); 介词后用动名词形式作宾语; 某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 8.介词错误：词组中的介词误用; 介词意思理解偏差; 介词的多用或少用

二、短文改错解答口诀动词形，名词数;

1 注意形和副; 非谓动词细辨别; 习惯用法要记住; 句子成分多分析; 逻辑错误须关注。 1.动词形

主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。

例如：My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. (are) 上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。 2.名词数

指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如：…so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subjects) 3.区分形和副

即区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如：I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderful) Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunately) 需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。 4.非谓动词细辨别

这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。例如：

…in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interested) Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also … (playing) My parents love me… and will do all they can ∧ make sure… (to)

上述

二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。 5.习惯用法要记住

主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。

例如：It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and… (of) We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. (of) 6.句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。

例如：They∧eager to know everything about China and… (were)

2 I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (which) 第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受寒于习惯的影响而导致的错误;第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作主语。 7.逻辑错误须关注

与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。

例如：The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(their) First, let me tell you something more about myself.(去掉more) …no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead. (everyone) 上述第一例中的主语是Smiths(史密斯夫妇俩)，因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表“再”的意思，才开始告诉别人，怎么能说“再告诉你一些事”?第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端，“我们”把电视机卖了;晚上没电视看了，所以与从前一样，大家又都读书了，所以该用everyone。

除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but, and, or和so的用法错误(可以归类为逻辑错误)，以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：

She was smiling but nodding at me.(and) It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.(or) We may be one family and live under a same roof.(the)

三、短文改错参考原则 1.改动以最少为原则; 2.虚词以添加或删除为原则; 3.实词以改变词形为原则; 4.以保持句子原意为原则; 5.核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例：即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个; 6.核对改正的语法项目是否有重复，因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象; 7.核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。

第四篇：高二英语短文改错专题复习高二英语短文改错专题复习

高二英语短文改错专题复习高二英语短文改错专题复习知识总结归纳：

短文改错的题是一篇意思连贯，但有九行文字中各有一个语法或用词错误的英语短文。它所涉及的知识面很广，能力要求较高。而且题中所设的错误常常是考生自己在写作中经常出的语法错误，是专门针对考生的弱点而设的。但它又从另一个角度考查了语法知识的运用。因此，做题时，应从以下几个方面着手解题：动词使用错误;名词使用错误;形容词，副词使用错误;连词使用错误;代词使用错误;冠词使用错误;介词使用错误，上下文逻辑错误等。

在研究每一行的句子时，首先把握句子的意思，然后划分句子的成分：主语;谓语部分;宾语;状语：地点，时间，方式等。如果句子是并列句或复合句，先分开各部分小的分句，根据各个分句之间的关系判断使用的连词是否正确。然后再研究各个分句的成分。

(一)名词使用错误：名词一般在句中做主语或宾语，名词的错误主要在于名词单，复数的错误使用。

1. They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question.： question是可数名词根据本句的意思，前面有lots of修饰，应当改为复数形式。 2. We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics.：subject是可数名词根据本句的意思，前面有quite a few修饰，应当改为复数形式。

3. We practise three times every week and often watch football match on TV together.：根据本句的意思match在此应当改为复数形式。

4. Happy birthday, Peter, and many return of the day. ：return在此是名词，应当改为复数形式：many returns of the day是祝贺人们生日的固定用语：祝你健康长寿。

5. He said that she and my schoolmate all wishes me success.：all 在句中提示了除我以外schoolmate应当是复数形式。

6. On the way up I was taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.：picture应当改成复数形式，因为作者一路上忙于照相，不止仅照一张像。另外还要注意名词所有格形式上的错误使用。

That kind of lie, a little, does two things: it keeps your friend feeling from being hurt….：根据句子意思：有时一个小小的谎言(善意的)可以使你的朋友的感情免遭伤害friend应当改为friend’s

(二)动词使用的错误：

<一> 作为谓语动词，注意谓语动词在时态，语态，与主语是否一致以及用词方面的问题。 1. My favourite sport is football. I was a member of our school team. ：全句的基本时态应当是现在时，was应改为am 2. Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.：主谓一致的错误。Give的主语是Playing football，动名词作主语是单数形式，应改为：gives 3. I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interested in football.：前半句是说过去的事情used to do ：过去常常做某事。use改为：used 4. …the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. Evening came down.：时态错误。全句是过去时态，passes 改为passed 5. As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.：动词形式的错误。句中有三个连续的动作做谓语。因此visit不是伴随状语，是第二个谓语动词，应该为visited. 6. The Internet is a computer network that use the telephone system to link millions of computers around the world.：句中定语从句中的谓语动词use 的主语是先行词a computer network，是单数形式，所以按主谓一致的原则use改为：uses. <二> 作为非谓语动词，现在分词，过去分词，动名词，不定式形式的使用错误，同时注意非谓语动词在平行结构中出现的错误。

1. Not far from the hotel, there was a shop with all kinds of clothes hang up.：hang up在此做定语修饰先行词clothes，应改为现在分词形式表示挂着各种衣服。

2. He had worked on farms and in shops where he spent his spare time studied by himself.：定语从句是说：他把业余时间花在学习上，按句型结构：spend some time doing something.所以studied应改为：studying. <三> 形容词，副词使用错误：

注意：① 形容词和副词的比较级，原级，最高级使用方面的问题。② 修饰比较级的副词的错误使用。③ 以ing和以ed结尾的形容词的混用。④ 形容词和副词的混用。

1. I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting：much修饰比较级形式，在此没有比较级的意义，所以去掉much. 2. I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.：形容词与副词混用。Have a wonderful time：过得非常愉快。wonderfully 改为：wonderful 3. …his mother was very poor that she had to send him to a rich family who had no child.：本句含有so…that 句型。very改为：so 4. People will work few hours than they do now. ：这是一个含比较级的句子。(句中有than)，few 改为比较级形式fewer 5. Computers will be more smaller and useful….：比较级smaller前面的修饰词应该是副词much。More与多音节形容词或副词原形构成比较级。more改为much 6. Last week, I went to a movie, which was very moved. 形容词moved指人受到感动。本句的定语从句的主语是movie。应当是moving. <四> 连词使用错误：并列句连词and与but的误用是历年高考题中常考的内容。复合句如宾语从句，状语从句，定语从句中主，从句的连接词的误用根据主从句的关系可以发现。 1. My class will be over by then or I will pick you up there.：前后两句的关系是并列关系or应改为：and 2. My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. 前后两句是并列关系不具有转折意义。but改为：and 3. It deosn’t matter that I would win or not. Matter后面的从句是whether…or not结构。That改为：whether 4. An Eskimo boy becomes a man since he kills his first polar bear.：根据句子意思：在Eskimo男孩杀死他的第一只北极熊之后，才真正成为一名男子汉。Since改为：after 5. The fine-furniture store ∧I work has been in business since the 1920s.：I work是定语从句修饰先行词The fine-furniture store，The fine-furniture store在从句中做地点状语，应加关系副词where. 解题思路：

首先要理解整个短文的含义，逻辑关系，篇章结构。再仔细研究每一句的意义。借助划分句子成分的方法判断每一部分是否有错误。读句子时一定以整句为单位。【典型例题】

A(2004全国卷I) Dear Ralph I’m a newcomer here of a small town. I would 1. from describe myself as shy and quietly. Before my classmates, 2. quiet it seems always difficult for me to do things∧ well as 3. as them. I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as 4. at a fool. So I feel unhappy every day. 5. √

Besides, I have few friends, I don’t know that they 6. why

don’t like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other 7. talk very well in class, but after class we become stranger at 8. strangers once. I am trying to improve the situation since it dosen’t 9. but seem to work. Can you tell me about what I should do? 10. about去掉分析：

1. 来自一个小镇的新生。强调“来自于”用介词：from 2. describe oneself as +形容词，所以quietly改为quiet 3. 缺少连词，这是同级比较结构as…as ，加上as 4. 介词错误：词组laugh at somebody：嘲笑某人。

6. 宾语从句连词的错误，that 本身没有意义可以省略，本句是说：我不知道他们为什么不喜欢我。

7. 时态错误，全篇用的是现在时。

8. 名词单复数的错误，主语是we，宾语与主语呼应，应该是复数形式。 9. 这是一个并列句，前后为转折关系。 10. 根据句子意思，about多余。

B全国卷III2004 You can find all kinds ∧information in just 1. of a few minute on the Internet. It’s like going to a 2.minutes huge library without have to walk around to find 3. having your books. Recently even though, many people 4. 去掉even have been discussing the dangers of the Internet. 5. √ They have been reports in America about people 6. There trying to steal person information for bad purposes. 7. personal Finding information on the Net is easily. But not all 8. easy information are good to society. For example, you 9. is can find such information like how to kill people. 10. as The problem will become more serious in the future. 分析：

1. all kinds of是固定词组，of 不能缺少. 2. a few 后面的名词是复数形式。minute是可数名词 3. without是介词，后面跟动词ing形式。

4. even though：即使，此处表示“虽然”。应去掉even 6. 此处表示：在美国有报道说…..应当用表示“有…”的句型：there be… 7. 此处表示“个人的信息”，需要用形容词做定语。personal：个人的。 8. is后面是形容词形式。

9. information是不可数名词。后面的谓语动词用单数形式。 10. such…as是固定句型。【模拟试题】(答题时间：45分钟) A You can find all kinds information in just 1._____ a few minute on the Internet. It’s like going to a 2._____ huge library without have to walk around to find 3._____ your books. Recently even though, many people 4. _____ have been discussing the dangers of the Internet 5. _____ They have been reports in America about people 6. _______ trying to steal person information for bad purposes. 7._______ Finding information on the Net is easily. But not all 8.________ information are good to society. For example, you 9.________ can find such information like how to kill people. 10.________ The problem will become more serious in the future. B This is a story told by my father: “When I was boy, 1._________

The most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring 2._________ Festival. My grandma was the best cooker in the world 3._________ but could make the most delicious dishes. One time, I just 4._________ couldn’t wait for the Spring Festival dinner. As I was 5. _________ about take a picture from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in 6. _________ the kitchen looking at me. Shake her hand, she said, ‘It 7. _________ isn’t a good time to do that, dear.’ At once I apologize 8. _________ and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. You 9. _________ know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.” 10. ________

参考答案 A 1. 在kinds后面加of ：all kinds of 是固定短语。这里缺少了介词of 2. 名词“数”的错误, minute是可数名词，有a few修饰，应改为：minutes 3. have改为：having：without是介词，后面的动词应该是动名词形式。 4. 去掉even：even though：即使。此处表示：虽然。 5. 此行正确。

6. They改为：There：本句表示：有一份报告。用there be 句型。 7. person改为：personal：此处指个人的信息，应该用形容词形式。 8. easily改为easy：be后面接形容词。

9. are改为is：主语information是不可数名词。

10. like改为as：such…as为固定句型，表示：象……这样的……。 B 分析：

1. boy是可数名词，第一次提到，前面必须加a 2. 本句是说：欢渡春节。When在此多余. 3. 用词不当，cooker：炊具。Cook：厨师。 4. 前后两个分句是并列关系。

6. be about to do something 是固定句型。 7. Shake her hand在本句中做伴随状语。应该用ing形式。 8. 全句都在叙述过去的事，用过去时。

9. 本句是说：控制自己。宾语应改为反身代词。 10. several后的名词应是复数形式。

第五篇：高中英语短文改错题做题技巧探秘

短文改错技巧、

三、归纳短文改错错误类型:

(一) 词法的测试

1.名词：主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。 eg: 1) I have many hobby, such as football, sing, listen music.

Hobby是可数名词，在这要用复数形式;playing football是一项运动，football只是一种球; sing和listen to 要用动名词形式。2) Do exercises do good to our healthy. exercise作运动讲是不可数名词，do exercise作主语要用动名词形式，谓动用单数;healthy是形容词，这里要用名词形式。3) Reading books is one of my hobby.

one of 后的名词应用复数形式。

2. 代词：对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的

内容及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后是否一致，常考的代词包括人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、关系代词及疑问代词等。

1).He drove too fast, and the police stopped her.

前面提到的是he而后面却用her来代，故应将her改为him.

2).This is the best film which I have ever seen.

先行词前有最高级修饰应用关系代词that 而不是which。

3. 冠词：英语中只有三个冠词，但用起来却很复杂，在短文改

错中，错误不外乎该用冠词时没有用，不该用时却用了;该用an用了a，该用a(n)却用了the.

1) I meant to write letter and tell you all the things„

letter为可数名词,故write后应加a.

2) I like playing the football.去the

3) He is a honest boy.a改为an

4. 介词：检查介词主要是查介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配，

介词惯用词组等是否正确。

1) I am writing to thank you with your kind help.

thank sb. for sth.为固定搭配，故应将with 改为for.

2) „I’m the happiest in all.

此句想表达的意思是“我是所有人中最高兴的”。故应将in改为 of.

3) Under the help of my father, I „under改为 with

4) He went to Beijing in next Sunday.in 改为on

5.形容词、副词：形容词、副词的误用主要指在该用形容词的地方用了副词，该用副词的地方用了形容词。改错行中出现形容词或副词时就要仔细分析该形容词或副词修饰什么，形式是否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级。形容词、副词误

用也是常考的改错项目之一。

1) I had not interest in English .interest是名词，应用形容词no来修饰，而not是副词，副词不能修饰名

2) These are the happier girls I’ve ever seen.(NMET2007)

此处有I’ve ever seen限定，应用最高级，故happier应改为 happiest.

3) You can borrow a book very easy.easy 改为easily.

4) These books are very worth reading.用well 修饰

6. 连词：短文改错中出现连词就要判断连词用的是否正确，是否

符合句子意思;连接的是词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。此

外如果是平行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题

平行结构常借助与并列连词and , or , but ,

not only„but also„, „not„but„, either„or„, neither „nor„, as well as等。

1) As it has been raining these days, so we have decided to put off our sports meeting.由于前句有As引导原因状语从句，因此后句不能再用so,故应把so 去掉。

2) The population is growing, but the earth must support too many people.

根据上下文意思判断，前后两个并列分句不存在意义上的折，

所以but应改为and或so.这是典型的并列连词误用。

7. 动词：动词错误在短文改错中所占比重最大，它所涉及的错误

包括动词的时态、语态错误;易混动词的用法错误; 动

词的第三人称单数错误;动词的非谓语形式，以及动词的句型搭配错误等。在改错题中，动词方面的考查比例较大。

1) 动词的时态、语态错误

a. I will write again and send you the photos we take together.

take photos动作发生在过去，应用过去时.

b. The book you borrowed from the library should returned in five days.

根据本句意义，should后应加上been，构成被动语态。

c. In school, I often playing football for my friends.

playing改为 play;for 改为with

2) 易混动词使用错误

a. I persuaded him to stop smoking, but he didn’t listen.

persuade 意为“说服”，强调成功的结果，而根据下句 he

didn’t listen可知，劝说并没有成功，故应改persuaded为 advised.

b. You please rise your hands.

rise是不及物动词，而raise是及物动词，所以举手应用

raise your hands.这属于及物动词与不及物动词的误用。

3) 非谓语动词使用错误

a. We are looking forward to see you on the birthday party.

look forward to 中的to是介词，应加动名词，将see改为seeing.

b. I’m sorry I keep you wait for a long time .I got caught in the traffic.

在任何情况下keep均和doing连用，如keep doing sth.;

keep sb. (sth).doing sth. ;keep „from doing„ 等.

c. I’d like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country.

to后加be。因其后是名词，而不是动词原形，不能直接用to.

8. 词语固定搭配:

主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配;副词、

动词的固定搭配;及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词，英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。

1) My teacher advised me to keep my diary.

keep a diary是固定搭配，意思是“写日记”.

2) In my surprise, he did very well in his previous job.

To one’s surprise 是固定搭配

3) I thought that was dull to watch a game„(NMET2005)

此题考查it的功能，It + be + adj. + to do为固定结构。

4) „the activities are not only enjoyable and also helpful.解析：

not only„ but also„为固定结构，故将and 改为but.

5) I have no difficulty learn maths.

have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定结构

6) He spends too much time play games.spend some time (in) doing sth.为固定结构

(一) 词法的测试

1.名词：主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。

2. 代词：对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指的

内容及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后是否一致，常考的代词包括人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、关系代词及疑问代词等。

3. 冠词：英语中只有三个冠词，但用起来却很复杂，在短文改错中，错误不外乎该用冠词时没有用，不该用时却用了;该用an用了a，该用a(n)却用了the.

4. 介词：检查介词主要是查介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭

配，介词惯用词组等是否正确。

5.容词、副词：形容词、副词的误用主要指在该用形容词的

地方用了副词，该用副词的地方用了形容词。改错行中出现形容词或副词时就要仔细分析该形容词或副词修饰什么，形式是否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级。形容词、副词误

用也是常考的改错项目之一。

6. 连词：短文改错中出现连词就要判断连词用的是否正确，

是否符合句子意思;连接的是词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。此外如果是平行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题

平行结构常借助与并列连词and , or , but , not only„but also„, „not„but„, either„or„, neither „nor„, as well as。

7. 动词：动词错误在短文改错中所占比重最大，它所涉及的

错误包括动词的时态、语态错误;易混动词的用法错误; 动词的第三人称单数错误;动词的非谓语形式，以及动词的句型搭配错误等。

8. 词语固定搭配:主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配;副词、动词的固定搭配;及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词，英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。

(二) 句法的测试：

1主谓语在数上的一致;

I hope everything are ok with you.are 改为is

2名词性从句;

A man came up to him and asked that he needed. that是连词，在从句中无任何意义，而后面的宾语从句缺宾语，用what引导宾语从句作宾语从句的宾语。

3定语从句;

This would save the life of many animals, some of then have almost died out.

them改为 which

4强调句型;It is/was +被强调的部分+that/who„

It was in 1949 when he joined the army.when改为that

5句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性及逻辑性。

(三)语篇的测试语篇的测试包括：

1上下文中的时态是否一致;

2上下文中的代词是否一致;

3上下文中的逻辑是否一致;

4上下文中的词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。

四、注意问题：

短文改错时改“错”，而不是把文中的表达法改成另外的表达形式。很多考生对这个概念比较模糊。把原文中并没有错的形式改成了自己认可的另外一种形式，虽然改后的表达法也是对的，但这样做偏离了这类题型的答题要求，因而也不能得分。

五、复习建议：

除了多做改错专项练习外，也要做与短文改错题型相关的其他练习。比如：1.在平时写作过程中就要十分注意自己容易犯的语法错误。2.还可以通过看其他同学的习作，欣赏的同时也可有意识地把该习作进行一下“改错”。

3.平时还可以多进行单句改错练习，逐渐体会和把握短文改错这一题型的规律。

(一)改前通读全文, 切忌拿来就改，这一步很关键。这一步的目标是了解短文的中心意思，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑。记叙文强调时间、地点、人物和事件四要素，在通读全文理解全文的同时把一些比较容易的或是明显的错误先改好

(二)分句阅读，逐行找错。在纠错时要仔细地读懂每一个句子，这时就要对文中的词法、句法和语篇(详见考查要点)角度着重分析和特别注意。把涉及到以上错误类型的词多斟酌一下。

(三)做将答案放回原文,再重读全文。其目的主要是查看有无不符合逻辑,语句不通畅,不符合英语习惯的问题。

第一节短文改错 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在此处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出修改的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从十一处起)不计分。 I first met Li Ming at a friend birthday party five years ago. Then I invited Li Ming overin my place. We listen to my CDs together and soon become best friends. Three years ago, Li Ming’s parents invited I to spend two wonderful week in Qingdao with them during the summer holiday. Li Ming and I loved walking along the beautifully beaches there. Last year I was ill but had to stay in hospital for a week. LiMing came∧see me every day. Then his father has changed jobs and they moved to another city. Since then we haven’t see each other much. But we’ve kept writing to each other. (一) I live and study in a small town to the south of Jiangsu, and now I am a Senior 3 student. For∧long time, I’ve been dreaming of study in a famous university in a big city, such as Beijing, Xi’an and Guangzhou. I often talk with my parent about my dream. But until now they haven’t been agreed with me. They always said that I am just a girl and the only child in the family, so you’d better choose a university within the province, I can understand they will certainly feel alone if I leave them. But I really want to experience an exciting and complete difference life. I don’t know what I can do to persuade them.

(二)

You may have learned English for some years. This is natural that you want to∧able to read some English books or magazines. Just think of how happy you will be when you finish reading a book and a passage in English. It is important to choose a book that interest you. Then you may ask what kind of book to enjoy. I think you should choose something that is either too difficult nor too easily. While reading, never let new words take too much of you attention. Just do it as you often do with your own language. Try∧guess its meaning if coming across any.

第一节短文改错 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

增加：在此处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出修改的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从十一处起)不计分。

I first met Li Ming at a friend birthday party five years ago. Then I invited Li Ming over

in my place. We listen to my CDs together and soon become best friends. Three years ago, Li Ming’s parents invited I to spend two wonderful week in Qingdao with them during the summer holiday. Li Ming and I loved walking along the beautifully beaches there. Last year I was ill but had to stay in hospital for a week. LiMing came see me every day. Then his father has changed jobs and they moved to another city. Since then we haven’t see each other much. But we’ve kept writing to each other. (一)

I live and study in a small town to the south of Jiangsu, and now I am a Senior 3 student. For long time, I’ve been dreaming of study in a famous university in a big city, such as Beijing, Xi’an and Guangzhou. I often talk with my parent about my dream. But until now they haven’t been agreed with me. They always said that I am just a girl and the only child in the family, so you’d better choose a university within the province, I can understand they will certainly feel alone if I leave them. But I really want to experience an exciting and complete difference life. I don’t know what I can do to persuade them.

(二)

You may have learned English for some years. This is natural that you want to able to read some English books or magazines. Just think of how happy you will be when you finish reading a book and a passage in English. It is important to choose a book that interest you. Then you may ask what kind of book to enjoy. I think you should choose something that is either too difficult nor too easily. While reading, never let new words take too much of you attention. Just do it as you often do with your own language. Try guess its meaning if coming across any.

1.动词使用错误2.冠词使用错误 3.名词使用错误 4.介词使用错误5.形容词‘副词使用错误

6.连词使用错误7.代词的误用8.引导词的误用9.上下文逻辑错误

考点设置:

1.名词

近几年短文改错中涉及名词考点的特点是:

1)题量为每年1题;

2)错误均为本应用复数形式,却用了单数形式

3)所有要求改动的名词前都无数词限定.

2000)She said that she and my schoolmate all„„

2001) „so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.

2002)On the way up I was busy taking picture.

schoolmate-schoolmates; subject-subjectspicture-pictures.