中国结的英文介绍

中国结的英文介绍（通用6篇）

篇1：中国结的英文介绍

Lead-in：

Chinese painting has a long history.All the people around the world must be attracted by its beauty if they see it.Today，our group will introduce Chinese painting，including four treasures of calligraphy and painting，Chinese Bird-and-flower painting，Landscape painting，Figure Painting and „„

Introduction：

-Definition Chinese Painting: refers to paintings painted on Xuan paper or silk by ink and color, it is the main form of Chinese art.-Name In ancient times：

Chinese painting was commonly called as Danqing, mainly refers to the paintings on silk and Xuan paper which mounted on scroll.In modern times：

As opposed to Western styles of art, works painted in traditional style is called as Chinese painting, meaning “national painting." It’s created in accordance with the unique Chinese aesthetic trend and artistic technique.中国画（宣画）：即用颜料在宣纸、宣绢上的绘画，是中华民族艺术的主要形式。从美术史的角度讲，民国前的都统称为古画。国画在古代无确定名称，一般称之为丹青，主要指的是画在绢、宣纸、帛上并加以装裱的卷轴画。近现代以来为区别于西方的油画（又称西洋画）等外国绘画而称之为中国画，简称“国画”。它依照中华民族特有的审美趋向及因此而产生的艺术手法而创作。

Four treasures of calligraphy and painting: 1.Brush is a traditional Chinese writing instrument, made of animal hair.2.Chinese ink，black pigment used for writing and painting, is made of materials including pine soot, lacquer and herbal medicine, etc.3.Xuan paper，including unprocessed, processed and half processed, suitable for conveying the artistic expression of both calligraphy and painting.4.Ink stone is made of special and rare stone used for grinding ink.

篇2：中国结的英文介绍

The origin of the Chinese New Year is itself centuries oldbut black and white are out, as these are associated with mourning.After dinner, the family sit up for the night playing cards, board games or watching TV programmers dedicated to the occasion.At midnight, the sky is lit up by fireworks.On the day itself, an ancient custom called Hong Bao, meaning Red Packet, takes place.This involves married couples giving children and unmarried adults money in red envelopes.Then the family begins to say greetings from door to door, first to their relatives and then their neighbors.Like the Western saying “let bygones be bygones,” at Chinese New Year, grudges are very easily cast aside.The end of the New Year is marked by the Festival of Lanterns, which is a celebration with singing, dancing and lantern shows.Although celebrations of the Chinese New Year vary, the underlying message is one of peace and happiness for family members and friends.农历新年的起源是它几个世纪的历史岁月，事实上，这由于年代过于久远而无法被准确的追溯。人们通常称之为春节并庆祝长达15天的时间。

准备的工作通常在农历新年（类似于西方的圣诞节）之前的一个月就已经展开，也就是人们开始购买礼物，装饰品，材料，衣服和食物。

大扫除会在新年之前展开，华人的房屋会被彻底的打扫，扫去厄运，给门和窗子上新漆，通常都是红色的。在门和窗子上贴上剪纸和印有喜气，长寿，发财主体的对联。年三十夜或许是最激动人心的部分，如预期般的悄悄接近。这里，服装和食物上都体现着族传统礼仪的遵从。

晚餐，通常都是饺子和海鲜酒席。象征着不同的美好祝愿，微妙的东西包括有虾来祝愿幸福快乐，干贝祝愿完事顺利，生鱼来祝愿好运和繁荣。Fai-hai 一种像头发般的可食用海藻带来繁荣的祝愿，水饺意味着对家庭的美好祝愿。

通常穿上红色的衣服，认为这种颜色可以避邪。但是绝不穿黑色和白色的。那些颜色通常和悲痛相联系。饭后家人们不睡，玩棋牌，看电视节目都融入于这种气氛。深夜，天空被烟花所点亮。

在农历新年当天，有一个古老的传统叫做红包，意思就是红色的小包。就是已婚的夫妇给小孩和未婚的成年人装在红信封里的钱。而后一家人开始串门问候，先去他们的亲戚家，而后是邻居。就如西方所说的，让过去的就成为过去吧。在农历新年，过去的过劫非常容易就被抛开了。

新年的最后一天被称为灯笼节，以唱歌跳舞观灯笼的方式来庆祝。

篇3：《英文报阅读举隅》的介绍与研究

报刊英语所涉及的体裁很广。翻开英文报刊, 我们看到的是各种具有不同特点和风格的体裁:消息报道、特写文章、新闻评论、小品文、天气预报、广告等。毫无疑问, 报刊本身所具有的特质就决定了其刊登的新闻类体裁占据着举足轻重的地位。新闻的简单定义是:新闻是对受众所关注的新近发生的事实的报道, 因此最具有传播效应、也最能给人留下深刻印象是新闻最大的特质。提升英语交际能力的方法有很多, 显然阅读英语报刊新闻就是其中一个及时的、能够引起人们极大兴趣的、而且又能快速掌握地道英语的快捷方式。鉴于上述原因, 目前国内很多大专院校英语专业都纷纷开设英语报刊文章选读课程, 通过这种有效的方式激发学生的兴趣, 拓宽认知英语语言的途径, 加深对英语世界文化的认同, 提高学生的英语学习效率。

学习和研究报刊英语已成为英语学习不可或缺的一个手段, 这在很大程度上是由英语语言本身多层次、多角度、纷繁复杂的特质所决定的。报刊英语在越来越信息化、传媒化的社会中所占据的重要性不言而喻, 了解和掌握报刊英语的特质, 是完善英语学习的一个途径, 是构成英语教学的一个重要层面。报刊英语研究作为外语专业中的一门学科, 在近代中国, 它是何时被纳入到学者研究视野中的呢?这是一个非常有趣、也是非常有意义的话题。

1839年11月4日, 在澳门正式创办的马礼逊教育会学校将英语教学引入中国本土, 成为中国近代英语教学之滥觞, 因此追溯学者对中国近代报刊英语之研究也应该从这一时间开始。翻检由上海书店出版社出版、周振鹤先生所编著的《晚清营业书目》 (2005年第1版) , 并未有相关著作问世;翻阅由北京图书馆编纂的《民国时期总书目——语言文字分册》之《英语》部分 (195页—259页) , 可以发现有关探讨英语报刊阅读的著作仅有四本, 分别是《英文报阅读举隅》 (1933年9月初版) 、《英文新闻例释》 (1946年7月一版) 、《英文报纸读法》 (1946年8月初版) 和《怎样读英文报》 (1947年7月初版) ; (1) 又根据刊登在《教育杂志》 (1909年—1933年) 、《申报》 (1872年—1933年) 和《中华教育界》 (1912年—1933年) 上的售书广告, 可以断定陈希周先生于1933年所编著的《英文报阅读举隅》理应是中国近代第一部探讨报刊英语的著作。有幸在旧书市场购得此本书籍, 拜读过后, 收获颇多。这本书籍对研究中国报刊英语学术史本身具有重要的学理价值和史料价值, 但至今未发现有任何的论文和著作提及此本书籍, 故在此有必要向大家做以详细的介绍。

《英文报阅读举隅》之概括性介绍

从这本书前的例言中可以对作者编写此书的目的和编写风格窥见一斑:“1.本书可供学习阅看英文报纸者自修之用, 并可採作英文课本。读者读完此书, 对于阅看英文报纸之困难, 可解决大半。2.本书内容, 大半搜集最近一年来各种英文报纸之记事, 几二百条, 英汉对照, 每条并附有[注]及[参考]。读者于依照[注]及译文研究原文之后, 尤须注意[参考]材料之运用。3.全书分短简、政治、外交、军事、经济等十四栏, 乃为便于学习之目的, 但英文报纸并未有此种严格分类, 读者请勿误会。4.每栏之末, 附以该类记事之常用单语及短句 (Phase) 。读者阅看英文报纸遇有难解之名词及词句时, 则可依其性质应属于何栏者, 即于该栏之末检阅之——陈希周谨启一九三二年五月廿二日。” (2)

《英文报阅读举隅》所收编的英语新闻全部来自于当时在国内、国际上具有影响力的主流权威的英语报刊。英语新闻材料分别来自于中国的The China Press、The Shanghai Times、North China Daily和Peking-Tientsin Times;日本的The Japan Advertiser、The Japan Times and Mail、The Japan Chronicle和The Osaka Mainichi;英国的Daily Mail和Times;美国的The New York World。 (3) 显然, 由于《英文报刊阅读举隅》所列举的英语新闻均来自于具有国际影响力, 并享有良好信誉的英语报刊, 这就不仅有力地保证了所收录新闻的时效性、真实性、客观性、重要性及价值性, 而且也保证了其所使用的新闻英语语言的标准性、规范性、真实性及地道性, 上述的这些因素为一般读者掌握报刊英语知识、提高报刊英语阅读技巧提供了必要的前提条件。

《英文报阅读举隅》收录英语新闻所涉及的主题情况

此书涵括的英文报阅读材料按照体裁划分为:新闻、公告和广告。所收集的英文报刊新闻涉及民国社会和亚洲、欧洲、美洲国家的各个领域, 主题极为广泛, 信息量广博, 按新闻的报道内容分类, 共涉及13大类别的英语新闻, 下面将按照分类列出其涉及的重要英语新闻主题。

第1类:“短简:人事及一般消息”类新闻。共计13条, 涉及中国的有4条, 涉及日本的有5条, 剩下的消息涉及朝鲜、南斯拉夫及其他欧美国家。

第2类:政治类新闻。共计17条, 其中涉及中国的有6条, 涉及日本的有2条, 涉及英国的有3条, 涉及德国的有2条, 涉及苏俄的有2条, 涉及印度的有1条, 涉及西班牙的有1条。

第3类:外交类新闻。共计14条, 主要有下列主题, “中国任命驻日新公使、重光葵受命为驻华日使、有田氏受命为公使 (日本) 、中国致国联声明书、蒋介石劝言忍耐、日奥修约、国际联盟下次会议议程……”

第4类:军事类新闻。共计15条, 主要有下列主题, “炮舰检阅 (中国) 、张学良力主无抵抗主义、‘剿共’军克服三市镇、湖南预防省防、二十架军用飞机到沪——水陆两用机两架系为航空交通需用、日本增设空军团、新驱逐舰 (日本) ……”

第5类:经济、商业类新闻。共计13条, 涉及中国的多达7条, 涉及日本的1条, 涉及美国的3条, 涉及德国的1条, 涉及苏俄的2条。

随后的新闻种类分别是:运输、交通类, 犯罪、警察、法庭类, 劳动、社会运动类, 集会类, 教育、学术类, 健康、体育类, 火警、灾祸类和天灾、气象类。

作者将“公告·广告”划分为最后一类, 第14类, 严格来讲, 这样划分并不科学和严谨, 因为前述的13类都属于新闻类的体裁, 应该将此部分单独列出较为合适。 (4)

综上所述, 作者在书中搜集了200多条的英语新闻, 几乎涵盖了国内、国际社会各个领域最新发展动态。在作者所引用的200多条英语新闻中, 其涉及的新闻主题还有两个显著的特点值得我们关注。其一, 其中涉及政治、外交、军事和经济商业这四类的新闻共计59条, 占据了总数1/4的比例还要多, 而其他共九大类的新闻主题加在一起也不到其总数的3/4, 作者的选材表现出了较强的倾向性。其二, 作者在选择国别新闻时, 在短简、政治、外交、军事和经济商业类新闻中, 对中国和日本发生的重大事件表现出了高度关注。根据前述的第一部分中所介绍的《例言》可知, 作者完稿的日期为1932年5月, 而“本书内容, 大半搜集自最近一年来各种英文报纸之记事”, 我们可以断定, 本书收录的英语新闻的时间跨度应该是从1931年5月到1932年5月。显然在这一阶段内, 中国历史上发生了两个重大事件, 那就是1931年发生在东北的“九·一八”事变和1932年发生在上海的“一·二八”事变。随着这两次事变的发生, 日本全面侵华的进程逐步加快、程度日益加深, 其企图发动全面侵华战争的狼子野心已经暴露无遗, 处于极其凶险环境中的中华民族再次陷入了空前的事关国家生死存亡的危机之中。日军的侵华暴行对国内、国际社会都产生了重大而深刻的影响, 尤其是明显地体现在政治、外交、军事和经济领域;中华民族为抵抗强敌的入侵, 众志成城、团结一致, 已经为抗击日寇做好了全面的准备。在此重大历史背景的前提下, 国内媒体和民众自然都把关注的焦点集中到了与中国和日本密切相关的在政治、外交、军事和经济领域发生的这些重要事件的上面, 并对此保持了高度的警惕性。

综上所述, 作者选材的特点明显地凸显了报刊新闻所具有的重要性、显著性和接近性的特质。所谓重要性, 指的是新闻事件与当前社会生活和大家的切实利益有着密切关系, 势必会引起人们的关心, 能够影响到许多人;显著性指新闻中的人物、地点或事件越是著名、越是突出, 就越能吸引读者, 新闻价值就越大, 人们的注意力自然而然地集中到它们的身上;接近性指新闻与读者在地理上或心理上的接近。凡是具有接近性的事实, 受众关心, 新闻价值就大, 因为邻近的新闻不仅可以使人产生心灵上的触动, 而且通常可以立即影响人们的行动, 所以, 新闻价值是与新闻和接受者在地理上的接近程度成正比的, 如果新闻所反映的内容相同, 则距离越近, 新闻价值就越高;除了地理上的接近以外, 心理上的接近也能增加接受者对新闻的兴趣。很显然, 作者所精心选择的新闻很好地把握了新闻所具有的重要特殊属性, 这样就容易引起读者的兴趣, 激发他们的阅读, 加深他们对新闻的理解, 最终提高阅读效率。还有一点需要指出的是, 作者这种选材的倾向性有利于引导读者关注国家民族命运, 加强民众的凝聚力, 增强爱国主义精神, 培养读者紧跟时代发展的良好的英语阅读习惯。

作者将公告和广告划分为英语报刊阅读材料的第14大类, 虽然没有对阅读材料像其他类别的英语新闻那样按照严格的程序进行讲解, 也没有归纳和总结常见的广告类行业术语, 但是, 显而易见, 作者已经意识到了公告和广告是一种不同于新闻的独特的语体, 它应该有着自己的更加特殊的语言表达特色, 应该在此书中给读者以必要的提醒, 引起他们的关注和重视。从这一点来看, 这是难能可贵的。

《英文报阅读举隅》讲解英语新闻的程序及其特点的介绍与分析

现在以外交类英语新闻中的《中国致国联声明书》 (CHI-NA’S PETITION TO LEAGUE COUNCIL) 为例, 以更好了解此书讲解每一条英语新闻的特点与风格。由于篇幅所限, 英文原文在此不再一一赘述。

其讲解具体程序依次如下所示 (每条新闻都是如此) :第一步是英语新闻的汉语翻译, “[国民社九月廿三南京电]日内瓦中国代表团总代表施肇基博士, 向国联秘书长德鲁蒙氏提出关于满洲危局之声明书, 其内容如下:为奉本国政府命令, 请贵秘书长注意下列事件, 并请根据盟约第十一条, 立即召集国联理事会, 以便采取最有效的方法, 保障国际和平事。查中国代表团曾于本月十九日将此种情况之发生, 及中国不负任何过咎之事实, 通知理事会。此后屡接本国政府来电, 告以情势越发严重, 日本之正式军队, 已无故向中国军队及沈阳开始轰击。炮击兵工厂营房, 焚毁火药库, 并将长春、宽城子一带中国军队缴械, 其后又占据沈阳、安东及其他各地, 所有公共机关及交通机关, 均经强迫占据。对于此种强暴行为, 中国军队及人民, 因在中国政府命令下采取无抵抗, 且并禁止可使形势越发严重之行为。中国为国联会员之一, 认为对于此种形势之发生, 应要求根据盟约第十一条之规定, 采取有效之动作。故余奉中国政府命令, 请理事会按照盟约第十一条所授予之权, 采取最有效方法, 阻止此种情势之扩大, 以免危及国际和平, 同时恢复战前之性质及数目。中国政府对于理事会之建议及大会之决议, 决定遵守无异议。”

与讲究生动形象、含蓄蕴藉和追求各种艺术效果的文学语言相比, 英语报刊新闻报道不失为一种具有鲜明语言形式和文体特点的语言资料。报刊的这一社会职能决定了报刊英语许多独特的文体特点。这种独特的文体特点往往不为一般读者所熟悉, 成为他们理解英语新闻内容的主要障碍之一, 因此给出较为标准的汉语翻译是十分有必要的;还有, 新闻英语的汉译有自己独特的标准和方法。一般而言, 新闻翻译的首要标准是准确、完整, 与其他文体类资料的翻译相比, 要更加忠实于原文;另一条标准是应该符合汉语新闻的风格, 因为读者毕竟大多是中国人。读者通过对比英语原文和汉语译文, 可以揣摩、发现和总结新闻英语汉译的翻译技巧和方法。

第二步是“[注]”, 即注释。为了加深读者的理解和记忆, 作者列出关键词汇, 再次给出精确的汉语翻译。作者关注的对象主要是:有关外交行业的术语, 表示地点的专有名词, 复杂的介词短语, 复杂的动词短语, 派生词和复合词等, 这些在一般的英语类词典中很难查询到, 作者关注的对象正好反映出了英语新闻所具有的较为独特的语言表达特点和风格。

第三步是“[参考]”。共包括6个项目的讲解, 第 (1) 项中, 作者从新闻标题中的关键行业术语“联盟”着手, 引出它的全称“国际联盟” (the League of Nations) , 再通过联想记忆法列举出与国联有着紧密关系的“国联大会” (the Assembly of the League of Nations) 、“国联理事会” (the Council of the League of Nations) 和“国联盟约” (the Covenant of the League of Nations) , 这种方式可以加强读者的记忆力, 有效地扩大读者的行业术语词汇量。在 (2) 、 (5) 和 (3) 项中, 作者列举了在文中需要重点学习的动词短语和介词短语, 这两种短语正好是新闻英语表达惯用的遣词造句的重要形式之一, 通过丰富的例句进行详细的讲解, 总结其用法和特点, 有利于读者的理解和掌握。在第 (4) 项中, 作者对表示时间的缩略语给予了解释, 并由“本月” (inst.) 自然而然地举出了“下月” (prox.) 和“前月” (ult.) 的缩略语及其全称。缩略语是现代英语报刊中主要的构词手段之一, 它不仅具有造词简练、使用简便的特点, 且具有很强的生命力。作者已经意识到了缩略语是报刊英语中的一个重要语言现象, 并给予了关注, 而缩略语往往不被读者所理解, 因此对此做出解释是完全有必要的。在第 (6) 项中, 作者特意讲解了政治术语authority的单复数意义不尽相同, 这种现象在英语报刊中经常出现, 为了加深读者对这一重要语法现象的理解, 又刻意举出若干例子进行说明。 (5)

此书讲解新闻英语的风格还有一大亮点, 就是在每一类新闻英语讲解完毕之后, 作者会对在当时的每一类英文报刊新闻中出现频率较高的专业词汇和短语做以归类和总结。现在以政治类英语新闻为例进行说明。“政治记事之单语与短句”共分为五大类, 第1类为“一般”单语与短语, 主要涉及与政府、政治体制、政治主义相关的词汇, 达35个之多。第2类为“政党”单语与短语, 其词汇量共计11个。第3类为“选举”单语与短语, 其词汇量总共有35个。第4类为“议会”单语与短语, 其词汇量竟然多达66个。第5类为“中国国民政府各院部”单语与短语, 其数量是16个。总之, 上述的政治类英语术语涉及面广泛, 举例丰富, 翻译精确, 就是对于当今阅读英语报刊的读者而言, 仍具有相当高的参考价值。新闻报道涉及各行各业, 各行各业都有一些惯用词语, 约定俗成。由于近代传播技术的逐渐提高, 原来意义上的“行话”又常常会在社会的其他领域流行, 从而加快了语言的更新和发展。而新闻作为反映变化中的世界的“晴雨表”, 自然会最敏感地反映这些变化。这些行业用语的语义变异与语义增值往往最先出现在反应敏感的报刊上, 成为新的语言资源, 比如上述第3类中提到的“is defeated”这一短语, 这本来是一个军事、体育用语, 意思为“战败、被击败”, 后被引入到政治领域中, 意思为“落选”。作者几乎在书中的每一大类新闻英语讲解结束后, 都要在其总结的专业类术语中对上面所举例探讨的特殊“行话”给予特别的关注和解释, 这充分说明了作者已经意识到了这些“行话”来源的特殊性, 这是阅读英语报刊的难点, 如果不进行解释, 读者很难通过其他途径查询, 这势必会阻碍阅读进程。

语言资源的扩大还有一个极其重要的途径, 那就是, 近代以来世界上发生的巨大的变化, 特别是政治、科技、经济、教育等领域的快速发展, 也引起了英语词汇表达的更新、变迁和发展, 从而新生了大量行业用语或表达, 它们也常常最先出现在反应敏感的报刊上, 首先值得一提的是作者不惜笔墨详细地分类列举了各国的议会机构名称。在近代政治民主化的进程中, 东西方国家、西方国家之间的历史和国情也不尽相同, 因此构成国会的成员和国会机构表达的内涵都不尽相同, 这些差异最先被反应敏捷的报刊新闻所捕捉到, 虽然其汉语的翻译大致相同, 但其英语表达方式却有较大差异, 那么读者自然对这一现象倍感困惑, 因此对其进行分类和整理是非常有必要的。

其次, 在第1类中提到的“party out of power (反对党、在野党) , by-election (补缺选举) ”和“electorate (选举人〈全体〉) ”, 等等, 它们都是在近代政治体制民主化进程中出现的新词语, 其构词也很有特点, 前者是合成词, 后者是派生词, 这也是新闻英语词汇构成的重要特征。

还有, “五院”制度在世界政治制度史上是一个首创, 是中国所独有的, 它有着独特的内涵, 因此在第5类中所列举的“五院”院长的表达有着独特的新闻英语特点, 分别是:President of Executive Yuan (行政院院长) , President of Control Yuan (监察院院长) , President of Legislative Yuan (立法院院长) , President of Examination Yuan (考试院院长) , President of Judiciary Yuan (司法院院长) 。“英语复合词+汉语拼音”表示独特的中国新闻英语, 这也彰显了新闻英语词汇的一个重要特征。 (6)

经过以上两种途径产生的新术语在相当长的时段内都很难进入普通的英语类词典, 尤其是在中国出版的词典, 原因是词典收录的词语必须是经过长期实践检验而被一般公众理解和接受了的, 因此, 某些词汇往往无处可查, 显而易见, 作者进行这样的专门归类和总结对于读者了解和掌握英语新闻词汇、提高阅读效率是十分有必要的, 也是大有裨益的。

结语

《英文报阅读举隅》的出版距今已有近80个年头, 如果用现在的学术视野去审视这部中国近代探讨报刊英语的开山之作, 尽管它看起来那么不成熟、那么不完善, 甚至可以用“稚嫩”去形容和描述, 不足点有很多, 例如, 这部著作所收编的英语报刊阅读材料仅仅涉及了最基本的消息报道和广告等, 至于其他类型的体裁, 诸如特写文章、新闻评论、小品文等等, 均没有被提及;作者主要从英语词汇的层面讲解报刊英语的特点, 而且讲解的方式主要是通过举例和翻译来完成的, 缺乏对报刊英语特点进行系统性、规律性、理论性的归纳和总结;对于报刊英语的语法特征讲解较少, 修辞手段特点几乎没有涉及, 对于能够彰显英语报刊新闻特色的标题语言的讲解则完全没有涉及, 但是我们评价任何一件历史事件、历史人物, 根据已掌握的文献资料, 都应该穿越时空的隧道, 使它尽可能返回它所赖以存在的历史语境, 从其独特的历史语境中出发, 对此历史图景做一解读、阐释和评价, 而不应该以现在的学术标准来衡量其是非得失, 这才是符合历史唯物主义的观点, 只有这样, 我们才能对已发生的历史图景作出较为客观、较为公允的评判。从这样的立场和角度来看, 这部中国近代探究报刊英语的处女之作, 它在一些层面所做出的尝试在学理上具有开拓性的意义, 这些至今仍被后辈的学术著作所传承。任何一门学科都要经历从萌芽, 到发展, 再到完善成熟的阶段, 至于上述提到的诸多不足和缺点正好说明了国人对于报刊英语的研究还处于萌芽状态, 研究者当然会从最直观的新闻材料的类别、选材的倾向性和新闻英语词汇等层面入手。具有重要意义的是, 这部著作的问世标志着我国外语界已经开始涉足这块值得开发的处女地。任何一门学科都有自己的学科史, 只有探寻它的过去, 才能理解和把握它的现在, 更好地推测它的未来。

这部著作的学术价值并不仅仅局限于其自身的学科建设, 书中援引的新闻实例全部来自于中西方主流权威媒体, 选材广泛, 题材多样, 语言表达简练, 遣词造句规范, 文笔流畅, 颇具代表性, 这就为后人研究民国时期报刊英语的特点提供了翔实可靠的第一手资料, 无异于为我们创建了一个真实的英语报刊新闻语料库, 这个特殊的语料库对在特殊的时段内, 开展个案研究极具学术价值;而且此书收编的新闻报道所涉及的时间范围都在1931年5月至1932年5月期间, 这一阶段在中华民国的历史上占据着非同寻常的地位。除了原始档案资料以外, 中外主流权威媒体所记载的新闻报道可以作为有力的佐证, 共同见证这段难忘的历史岁月。

摘要：经考证, 开明书店于1933年出版的由陈希周所编著的《英文报阅读举隅》是中国近代第一部探讨报刊英语的著作, 本文通过对其所收录英语新闻涉及的主题、其讲解英语新闻程序及特点的介绍与分析, 论证了这部著作不仅对探讨报刊英语学术史本身具有重要的学理价值和史料价值, 而且也为研究民国时期 (20世纪30年代) 的新闻英语和中华民国史提供了翔实可靠的文献资料。

关键词：报刊英语,《英文报阅读举隅》,新闻英语,学理价值,史料价值

参考文献

[1].丁伟:《马礼逊教育会学校英语教学历史研究》, 《澳门理工学报》, 2008 (3) 。

[2].周振鹤:《晚清营业书目》, 上海书店出版社, 2005年版。

[3].徐晓庆:《新闻英语汉译探索》, 山东师范大学硕士论文, 2003年4月, 中国知网优秀硕士论文。

[4].刘威:《试评〈新闻英语与翻译〉》, 《外国语言文学研究》, 2006 (2) 。

篇4：春节英文小介绍

Introducing Spring Festival

The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West. It originated^[起源] in the Shang Dynasty from the people’s sacrifices^[祭品] to gods and ancestors^[祖先] at the end of an old year and the beginning of a new one.

During the last ten days before Spring Festival, store owners are busy as everybody goes out to purchase^[购买] necessities for the New Year. Materials not only include edible^[食用的] oil, rice, poultry^[家禽], fish and meat, but also fruit, candies and all kinds of nuts. What’s more, various decorations, new clothes and shoes for the children as well as gifts for the elderly, friends and relatives are all on the list of purchasing.

Before the New Year comes, people completely clean the inside and outside of their homes. Then they begin decorating^[装饰] their clean rooms with an atmosphere^[气氛] of joy and festivity^[欢庆]. All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival couplets^[对联]. Also, pictures of the gods of doors and wealth will be posted on front doors to ward off^[避开] evil spirits and welcome peace and abundance^[充裕]. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass.

According to custom, each family will stay up to count down for the New Year on the eve of the Spring Festival. Lighting firecrackers^[爆竹] was once the most typical custom during the Spring Festival. People thought the banging and popping could help drive away evil spirits. Children will get money as a New Year’s gift, wrapped^[包裹] up in red packets. A series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern^[灯笼] dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held for days. The Spring Festival then comes to an end when the Lantern Festival is over.

春节是我国民间最重要的传统节日，就像西方的圣诞节一样，这是一家团聚的时刻。春节起源于殷商时期辞旧迎新之际的祭神祭祖活动。

在春节前最后十天，大小商铺生意兴隆，因为人们都忙于置年货。年货包括油、米、鸡、鸭、鱼、肉，还有糖饵果品及各式各样的果仁。除此之外，人们还要准备各种各样的装饰物，为小孩子添置新衣新鞋，以及准备过年时走亲访友、孝敬长辈的礼品。

春节前，人们会把屋子里里外外都打扫得干干净净。然后，他们会把家装饰得充满节日气氛—门的两侧贴上春联，大门前还要贴上门神和财神的画像以避邪迎福，在窗户玻璃上贴上红色剪纸。

篇5：介绍中国结英文演讲稿

people’s daily life, by the time tang, it upgrade from original practical use to be used on clothes for decoration, most of which a nice and elegant butterfly knot on women’dresses

when times come to ming and qing dynasty,the Chinese knot are coming into its peak.So many Chinese knots of different styles and colors have permeated into people’s lives at almost all aspacts , appearing on the curtain, closet, necklace as well on the wall and doors of shops。In that period, it was also combined with other fortunate stuff to delived blessings for people.chinese knot，had really become a part of Chinese people’s lives and a special stand for Chinese culture.Chinese Knot has so rich and profound meanings.1.Firstly, knot”is associated with many words like Combinition, unity, ,marriage, close relationship…… which show us the feeling of warm and intimacy.at the same time ,it presents the strength that unite every one.2.Secondly,The pronunciation “jie” is the partial tone of Chinese characters “ji”, which involves various nice and beautiful blessings to people.such as happiness ,wealth ,joy, Longevity and so on.There are many Chinese knots named accordance with their unique characteristic forms,相应地，delivering the warmest regards, best wishes or finest ideal.For example， Pan chang knot means relying on each other and never separated  Double coin knot means plentiful money and treatures  round brocade knot(团锦结)：having a promising future in career or other

3.thirdly,a Chinese knot contains the Philosophy idea of back and forth.Every knot is weaved by a single rope from start to finish.However complex and confusing it looks, it came from the process of countless cycle and can be reduced to the simple 2-D lines.Chinese knots, catching the track of chinese developing history

篇6：中国矿业大学英文介绍

established in 1909 and was later expanded and renamed Jiaozuo Institute of Technology.In 1950, Jiaozuo Institute of Technology moved to Tianjin and was renamed the China Institute of Mining and Technology(CIMT).It became the first higher learning institution in the field of mining in China.In 1952, during a national readjustment of higher learning institutions, the

mining engineering departments of Tsinghua University and the now-defunct Beiyang and Tangshan Railroad Universities were merged into CIMT.In 1953, the Institute moved to Beijing and was renamed Beijing Institute of Mining and Technology(BIMT), where it became one of the eight most renowned institutes in Beijing.In 1960, BIMT was rated a key university in the nation.During the period of the Cultural Revolution, it moved to Sichuan Province and was renamed the Sichuan

Institute of Mining and Technology.In 1978, with the approval of the State Council, a new campus was established in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, with the school name restored to CIMT, and was rated by the government as one of China’s 88 key state universities.In 1988, the institution was formally renamed the China University of Mining and Technology(CUMT), and in 1997, a second campus in Beijing was established with the approval of the Ministry of Education.As the oldest higher learning institution with a focus on mining engineering in the country, CUMT has been and continues to receive much attention and support from leaders of the central government.On May 11, 1988, Deng Xiaoping inscribed in his own handwriting the name of CUMT(it appears on the cover of this brochure)which is a mark of great distinction in Chinese culture.On January 19, 1996, then President Jiang Zemin and vice-premier Wu Bangguo personally inspected the facilities for coal water mixture preparation technology on the Beijing campus.On May 18, 1999, Jiang Zemin wrote the inscription for CUMT’s 90th anniversary as “Be enterprising and innovative in exploration, be rigorous and meticulous in academic pursuits, and build the China University of Mining and Technology into a first-class university of science and technology in the field of energy resources.” On June 16, 1999, former premier Li Peng wrote a second inscription entitled “Develop the cause of energy resource science and education.Train outstanding talents for the new century.” Former vice-premier Li Lanqing visited the school on October 8, 1999, followed by Mrs.Chen Zhili, the State Councilor and former Minister of Education, who paid a visit in May 2002.After over 90 years’ growth, a multidisciplinary system has emerged at CUMT.The system focuses on mining engineering and gives priority to engineering

disciplines.At present, on the main campus in Xuzhou, there are 19 schools with 60 undergraduate programs.CUMT offers 50 additional doctoral programs and 100 master’s programs.CUMT now has 8 key disciplines rated by the Chinese government as national priorities in education, and 13 recognized as key on the

ministerial or provincial level.Schools hosting the 8 key disciplines are able to invite special professors both in China and from abroad to help with discipline development under the “Specially Engaged Professorship under the Yangtze River Scholar Award Project”.Post-doctoral research opportunities are also available in 11 fields.During the ninth “Five-year Plan” period in 1996-2000, the “211 Project” was implemented, and during that period, CUMT achieved remarkable success in 12 research projects highlighted by three theoretical and five technical achievements of international standing.The university continues to operate under the “211 Project” today.CUMT boasts a large and well-qualified staff.The main campus in Xuzhou hosts more than 3,000 staff with over 1,400 full-time academics, 230 professors and 333 associate professors.The university’s current academic staff includes 6 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and 172 supervisors for doctoral candidates.Among all the academic staff, one has received the first “China Young Scientist Award”, one has been nominated the prize of the “China Young Scientist Award”, 2 have won the first “Famous Teacher Award” for universities and colleges nationwide, one has received the “National Model Teacher Award”, 9 have obtained the “China Youth Award for Excellence in Science and Technology”, one has received the title of “National Excellent Worker for Scientific and Technological Advancement”, 10 have possessed state-level titles as the “Outstanding Young and Middle Aged Experts”, 7 have been listed among the first and second level candidates for the “Millions of Talents Projects”, 9 have been listed among the “New Century Outstanding Talent Training Program”, 9 have obtained awards from the China Outstanding Youth Science Fund, 3 have been listed among candidates for the Eighth China Youth

Award for Excellence in Science and Technology.Additionally, 200 academics have received various state or ministerial-level honorary academic titles.CUMT, with a history of nearly 100 years, has always focused on

student-centered education, and the quality of student education has continued to improve.Since its inception, CUMT has produced more than 100,000 graduates, among which 10 are top-level academicians in the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Engineering, and 20 are ministers and provincial governors.Among CUMT’s

graduates are a large number of successful entrepreneurs, technicians and engineers who have excelled in their fields.Since China’s reform and opening up policy was adopted in 1978, CUMT has received 13 state-level awards for excellence in teaching quality, 9 state-level prizes for excellence in textbook publication, 52 ministerial and provincial-level awards for excellence in teaching achievements, 45 ministerial and provincial-level awards for excellence in textbooks or monographs.Three courses have won state-level awards for excellence, and seven have won provincial-level

awards.Seven papers have received prizes in the State Competition of One Hundred Excellent Doctoral Graduation Papers.Two post-doctoral fellows have won the title of “China Ten Excellent Post-doctoral Fellows” in 2000 and 2001 respectively.In the first State Competition of MBA Student Article Solicitation, CUMT students won the exclusive first prize.In university students’ academic and science competitions, CUMT students have won a series of titles, including the grand prize in the “Challenge Cup” University Student Extracurricular Scientific Achievements

Competition, the Zhou Peiyuan First Place Prize for the State Mechanics Competition, and honorable mentions in the First State Computer Science Competition and the State University Student Robot TV Competition.CUMT students have also won first prizes in both Chinese and international mathematical modeling competitions.At present, the total student population on the main campus in Xuzhou exceeds 40,000 people, of which over 25,000 are undergraduate students, 5,000 are candidates for master and doctoral degrees.There are also over 170 international students.Since its inception, CUMT has formed an excellent school spirit summarized in the motto “Diligence, Earnestness, Enterprise and Dedication,” and has also cultivated a glorious tradition emphasizing physical education.CUMT has developed a further “campus spirit” of studiousness, adherence to facts and creativity, hard work and efforts to improve.CUMT has produced numerous nationally competitive athletes.Since 1978, CUMT has broken over 80 records in many of China’s national collegiate games and won the “President Cup” three times, which is the greatest honor in

national collegiate competition.CUMT was also elected as the “Excellent University in Completing University Physical Education Requirements” many times over.CUMT is designated as a “Base of National Collegiate Track and Field Training” by the National Physical Education and Sports Committee, and has won many honorable titles such as “National Advanced Collective in Mass Physical Education”, “Excellent School in the National Physical Education and Sports Appraisal” and “National Advanced School in Extracurricular Training among Higher Learning Institutions”.CUMT has been committed to quality scientific research, and has achieved

abundant of high-level results, among which 31 have received three state-level awards and 431 have won provincial-level awards.The various indexes reflecting the overall academic level of CUMT are among the first rank in the entire country.Since the ninth “Five-Year Plan” period(1996-2000), CUMT has undertaken 7,115 research projects, of which 382 are national projects.In recent years, CUMT has strengthened international exchanges and

cooperation with partners throughout the world.Now it has established academic links with nearly 50 universities and research institutions, such as, the University of Nottingham of UK, the University of Duisburg-Essen of Germany, the Swinburne University of Technology of Australia, the Kentucky University of the United States and the Hanoi University of Mining and Geology of Vietnam, etc.Concurrently, the University has sponsored a number of international symposiums, resulting in vigorous academic exchanges with the outside world.CUMT features good facilities for teaching and research.The main library has holdings of over 1,950,000 volumes.The University has 2 national key laboratories, 1 national engineering research center, 1 state-level university science and technology park, 2 state-level and 9 ministerial-level key laboratories as well as 5

ministerial-level engineering research centers.In addition, it has a testing and analysis center, a rock mechanics and strata control center, a center for coal water mixture manufacturing and a long-wall coal caving center.Furthermore, CUMT has complete facilities for culture, sports and living.CUMT covers an area of 297 hectares with a floor space of 1,130,000 square meters(The Wenchang campus covers an area of 107 hectares with a floor space of 530,000 square meters.The newly-built Nanhu campus covers an area of 190 hectares with a floor space of 600,000 square meters.).Now, a modern university campus has emerged, with characteristics of efficient layout, complete infrastructure, stylish architecture, a state-of-the-art information network, picturesque settings and pleasant environs.For the new century, CUMT has set down an overall development strategy.In the next ten years, the university will give priority to science and engineering, while also endeavoring to ensure harmonious development with other disciplines such as liberal arts, management, law and economics.The university will also emphasize discipline development, student education, scientific research, and social service as well as school management.This will ensure that CUMT takes the lead in these aspects, so that the university will become a world leader in the field of mining engineering, with a clear advantage in and unique focus on energy sciences and technology.The university recognizes the need to make strides in a number of