圆明园的过去和现在

第一篇：圆明园的过去和现在

病毒性肝炎的过去、现在和将来

病毒性肝炎是由多种肝炎病毒引起的以肝细胞扭害为主的全身性传染病，其流行范围之广，发病率之高，传染性之强，危害之大，租患人数之多，是其他传染病所不能比拟的.严重危盲人民群众生命健康。人类在认识和防治病毒性肝炎中经历了及长而曲折的历程，以下就病毒性肝炎的历史101顾、现状及展望作一筒介。

病毒性肝炎是由多种肝炎病毒引起的以肝细胞徽害为主要表现的全身性传染病。黄疽性肝炎流行的历史久远，流行性黄疽可迫溯到公元前，绝大多数是甲型肝炎8-1944年期间，许多学者通过对“志组者”的研究，确定肝炎最可能的病因是病毒。

病毒性肝炎最初被认为是胆管的卡他性炎症.故称为卡他性黄疽;以后认识到其为全身性疾病，又称为包特金氏病。1942年，Voegt证明其有传染性，才称为传染性肝炎。

1963年，Blumberg发现澳大利亚抗原(简称“澳杭”，后称为肝炎相关抗原，HAA,现称为乙肝表面抗原)以来.认识到这种“澳坑”阳性的肝炎主要通过血液传播，称之为血清性肝炎或同种血清性肝炎，而将非血液传播的.澳抗”阴性的肝炎称为传染性肝炎。以后随着对本病认识的深人.将传染性肝炎改称为甲狱肝炎，将血清性肝炎改称为乙vi肝炎。

1974年，Coldfield报告了抽血后非甲非乙狱肝炎。1980年Wong等报告，1955年在印度新德里基发的病毒性肝炎实际上是肠道传播的非甲非乙型肝炎。随着对摘血后非甲非乙型肝炎研究不断深人，又发现这种肝炎病毒还可能有两个类姐，即不耐抓仿的能形成管状结构的长潜伏期型和耐扳仿的不能形成管状结构的短潜伏期型两种。由于非甲非乙型病毒性肝炎的命名比较棍乱，1987年11月在日内瓦召开的世界卫生组织病毒性肝炎咨询小组第三次会议上，建议将非甲非乙型肝炎分为两类:一是经肠道传括的非甲非乙型肝炎，二是经肠道外传播的非甲非乙型肝炎。1977年Riaetto发现了8因子，随后又命名为丁狱肝炎。至此，人们对病毒性肝炎类型归护为:甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎、非甲非乙型肝炎〔又分为经肠遭传播者和经肠道外传播者(不耐舰仿者、耐抓仿者)〕、T型肝炎。

1989年Choo等应用分子克隆技术获得肠道外传播的非甲非乙型肝炎的基因克隆.随后将这种肝炎改名为丙型肝炎。初步认为这是不耐抓仿的一种。至于耐抓仿的一种是否确实存在，何时才能加以确证.尚待继续研究。1989年Reyea等应用分子克隆技术.获得肠道传括的非甲非乙型肝炎的荃因克隆，随后将这种肝炎改名为戊型肝炎。1989年9月在日本国际非甲非乙型肝炎和经血传播的传染病学术会议上正式命名。

近年来，人们又发现了己型和庚型肝炎。因此，目前认为病毒性肝炎至少有7型，即:甲型、乙型、丙型(原肠道外传播的非甲非乙型肝炎.不耐抓仿的)、丁璧(原a肝炎)、戊型(原肠道传抽的非甲非乙型肝炎)、己型及庚型。此，型中除己型肝炎病毒尚不能检侧外，其余病毒均已有确定的方法检侧，临床上靠排除甲型至庚璧肝炎后可诊断。

参考：

第二篇：~过去、现在和未来~

轻轻的我来了，跟随你的脚步，感受你的心灵，聆听你的伤感...

过去、现在、未来.....这三者谁会先出现呢?呵呵 ....我们应活在当下，赢在未来。 过去像是一张过期的车票，无论如何都很难等上已经离开的火车。

现在像是你等到的计程车，你已经坐上车准备到达你想去的地方。

未来像是坐的临时公交车，也许会不知道该什么时候到达目的地。

当我们不要等到火车已经离开了，发现手里原来还有可以上车的车票，这是无法挽留的过去， 当我们已经知道了想去的地方时，应该及时的留意来来往往的计程车，这是可以抓住的现在， 当我们不知道以后的路怎么走时，看看手里的车票和现在所在的位置，这是可以预知的未来。 没有谁对谁错，只有谁不珍惜谁，仅此而已。

呵呵 ....人家说过;一切都是为最好而准备的...请相信。。。。

~恋上^晴空~

第三篇：现在分词和过去分词练习

I. 单项选择

1. There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light.

A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 2. The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing 3. What’s the language ____ in Germany?

A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 4. Most of the people ____ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 5. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 6. The news sounds ____.A. encouraging B. encouraged C. encourage D. to encourage 7. —How did Bob do in the exams this time? —Well, his father seems ____ with his results.

A. pleasing B. please C. pleased D. to please 8. —How did the audience receive the new play?

—They got very ____. A . excite B .excited C . excitedly D . exciting 9. The next morning she found the man ____ in bed, dead.

A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying 10. —Good morning. Can I help you? —I’d like to have the package ____, madam.

A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 11. He is not good at English, so it is not easy for him to make himself ______.

A. understand B. understanding C. understood D. understands 12. If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air ____ against your face. A. moved B. moving C. moves D. to move 13. “Can’t you read?” Mary said ，____ to the notice. A.angrily pointing B.and point angril C.angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing 14 ____ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 15. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ____ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added 16.The murderer was brought in, with his hands ____ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 1. ____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.

A. To see B. Seeing C. Having seen D. Being seen

2. I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth ____. A. fix B. fixing C. fixed D. to fix 3. We’re ___ to listen to her ____ voice. It’s ___ to hear her sing. A. pleased; pleasing; pleasure B. pleased; pleasant; a pleasure C. pleasing; pleased; a pleasure D. pleasing; pleasant; pleasure 4. ___a post office, I stopped____ some stamps.

A. Passed, buying B. Passing, to buy C. Having passed, buy D. Pass, to buy 5. ____with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all. A. Comparing B. To compare C. Compared D. Having compared 6. Here are some new computer programs ____for home buildings.

A. designing B. design C. designed D. to design 7. ____a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp. A. To save B. Saving C. Saved D. Having saved 8. The teacher came into the classroom ____by his students.

A. following B. to be following C. followed D. having followed 9. With the money ___, he couldn’t buy any ticket.

A. to lose B. losing C. lost D. has lost 10. There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself ____. A. being heard B. hearing C. heard D. hear 11. The result of the test was rather _____.

A. disappointed B. disappointing C. being disappointed D. disappoint 12. I’ve never heard the word ____in spoken English.

A. use B. used C. using D. being used 13. _____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.

A. Not to know B. Not knowing C. Knowing not D. Not known 14. Deeply __, I thanked her again and again.

A. being moving B. moved C. moving D. to be moved 15. With winter _____on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.

A. came B. comes C. come D. coming

16. ____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building. A. Having shown B. Showing C. Has shown D. Having been shown 17. He went from door to door, ____waste papers and magazines. A. gathering B. gathered C. gather D. being gathered 18. The student corrected his paper carefully, ____the professor’s suggestions.

A. follow B. following C. followed D. being followed 19. The ___price will save you one dollar for each dozen.

A. reduce B. reducing C. reduced D. reduces 20. People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life. A. live B. to live C. lived D. living 21. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t make his point ___. A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood 22. The scientists were waiting to see the problem ______.

A. settle B. settled C. to settle D. settling 23. The library’s study room is full of students _____for the exam.

A. busily prepared B. busy preparingC. busily prepare D. are busily preparing 24. The ground is _____with ____ leaves.

A. covering, falling B. covered, fallingC. covered, fallen D. covering, fallen 25. Lessons ____easily were soon forgotten.

A. to learn B. learn

C. learned D. learning

第四篇：过去分词和现在分词专项练习

姓名____________

班级_________

得分_______

I. 单项选择(75%)

1. ____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.

A. To see B. Seeing C. Having seen D. Being seen

2. I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth ____.

A. fix B. fixing C. fixed D. to fix 3. Were ___ to listen to her ____ voice. Its ___ to hear her sing. A. pleased; pleasing; pleasure B. pleased; pleasant; a pleasure C. pleasing; pleased; a pleasure D. pleasing; pleasant; pleasure 4. ___a post office, I stopped____ some stamps.

A. Passed, buying B. Passing, to buy C. Having passed, buy D. Pass, to buy 5. ____with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all. A. Comparing B. To compare C. Compared D. Having compared 6. Here are some new computer programs ____for home buildings. A. designing B. design C. designed D. to design 7. ____a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp. A. To save B. Saving C. Saved D. Having saved 8. The teacher came into the classroom ____by his students. A. following B. to be following C. followed D. having followed 9. With the money ___, he couldn’t buy any ticket. A. to lose B. losing C. lost D. has lost 10. There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself ____. A. being heard B. hearing C. heard D. hear 11. The result of the test was rather _____.

A. disappointed B. disappointing C. being disappointed D. disappoint 12. I’ve never heard the word ____in spoken English. A. use B. used C. using D. being used 13. _____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help. A. Not to know B. Not knowing C. Knowing not D. Not known 14. Deeply __, I thanked her again and again.

A. being moving B. moved C. moving D. to be moved

15. With winter _____on, it’s time to buy warm clothes. A. came B. comes C. come D. coming

16. ____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building. A. Having shown B. Showing C. Has shown D. Having been shown 17. He went from door to door, ____waste papers and magazines. A. gathering B. gathered C. gather D. being gathered

18. The student corrected his paper carefully, ____the professor’s suggestions. A. follow B. following C. followed D. being followed 19. The ___price will save you one dollar for each dozen. A. reduce B. reducing C. reduced D. reduces

20. People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life. A. live B. to live C. lived D. living

21. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t make his point ___. A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood 22. The scientists were waiting to see the problem ______. A. settle B. settled C. to settle D. settling

23. The library’s study room is full of students _____for the exam.

A. busily prepared B. busy preparing C. busily prepare D. are busily preparing 24. The ground is _____with ____ leaves.

A. covering, falling B. covered, falling C. covered, fallen D. covering, fallen 25. Lessons ____easily were soon forgotten. A. to learn B. learn C. learned D. learning

26. The wallet ____several days ago was found ____in the dustbin outside the building。 A. stolen, hidden B. stealing, hiding C. stealing, hidden D. stolen, hiding

27. A person _____a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language, ______all about his own. A. to learn, to forget B. learning, to forget C. to learn, forgetting D. learning, forgetting

28. ___different kinds of pianos, the workers farther improved their quality. A. To produce B. Being produced C. Produced D. Having produced 29. The students in the university are all taking courses ___a degree. A. coming to B. going to C. leading to D. turning to

30. Many things _____impossible in the past are very common today. A. consider B. considering C. considered D. be considered 31. ___many times, he still couldn’t understand.

A. Having been told B. Having told C. He having been told D. Telling 32. The old sick lady entered the hospital, ____her two sons. A. to support B. supporting C. supported by D. having supported

过去分词和现在分词专项练习 1 33. China is one of the largest countries in the world, _____9. 6 million square kilometres. A. to cover B. covered C. covers D. covering

34. ____and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. A Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising

35. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,____ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added 36. “Can you read?” Mary said ____to the notice.

A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing 37. _____ the composition, John handed it to the teacher and went out of the room. A. Writing B. Having written C. Written D. Being written 38. Were you ____when you saw that wild animal ? A. fright B. frightening C. frightened D. frighten

39. Properly _____with numbers, the books can be easily found. A. marked B. mark C. to mark D. marking 40. The child sat in the dentist’s chair ____.

A. tremble B. trembling C. trembled D. to trembled 41. At this moment the bell rang, _____the end of class. A. announce B. announcing C. announced D. to announce 42. He walked down the hills, ____softly to himself. A. sing B. singing C. sung D. to sing

43. I had to shout to make myself _____ above the noise. A. heard B. hearing C. hear D. to hear

44. The graduating students are busy ___material for their reports. A. collect B. to collect C. collected D. collecting

45. The cars ____in Beijing are as good as those ____in Shanghai. A. produce, produce B. produced, produced C. produced, producing D. producing, producing 46. When I came in, I saw Dr. Li _____a patient. A. examine B. examining C. to examine D. examined

47. ____a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very quickly. A. Having been given B. Having given C. Giving D. Being given

48. ____a satisfactory operation, the doctor believed the patient would recover from his illness very soon. A. Having been given B. Having given C. Giving D. Being given

49. He wrote a letter to me _____that his trip to Japan had been put off because of the bad weather. A. inform B. informing C. informed D. being informed

50. He reads newspapers every day to keep himself ____about what’s going on in the world. A. inform B. informing C. informed D. being informed

过去分词和现在分词专项练习

II. 用适当的非谓语动词形式填空(25%)

1. She caught the student _______ (cheat) in exams.

2. When I got there, I found him _________ (repair) farm tools. 3. When I got there, I found the farm tools _______. (repair) 4. Just then he heard someone _______ (call) for help. 5. He worked so hard that he got his pay ______. (raise)

6. The missing boys were last seen _______(play) near the river.

7. ___________(compare) with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful.

8. The workers had the machines _______(run) all night long to finish the work on time. 9. People in the south have their houses ______(make) of bamboo.

10. _______(lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

【试题答案】

I. 1—5 BCBBC 6—10 CDCCC 11—15BBBBD 16—20 DABCD 21—25DBBCC 26—30 ACDCC 31—35ACDBC 36—40ABCAB 41—45BBADB 46—50BABBC II. 1. cheating 2. repairing 3. repaired 4. calling 5. raised 6. playing 7. Compared 8. running 9. made 10. Lost

第五篇：过去分词和现在分词专项练习

I. 单项选择

1. ____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.

A. To see B. Seeing C. Having seen D. Being seen 2. I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth ____.

A. fix B. fixing C. fixed D. to fix

3. We’re ___ to listen to her ____ voice. It’s ___ to hear her sing.

A. pleased; pleasing; pleasure B. pleased; pleasant; a pleasure

C. pleasing; pleased; a pleasure D. pleasing; pleasant; pleasure

4. ___a post office, I stopped____ some stamps. A. Passed, buying B. Passing, to buy C. Having passed, buy D. Pass, to buy 5. ____with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.

A. Comparing B. To compare C. Compared D. Having compared

6. Here are some new computer programs ____for home buildings.

A. designing B. design C. designed D. to design

7. ____a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.

A. To save B. Saving C. Saved D. Having saved 8. The teacher came into the classroom ____by his students.

A. following B. to be following C. followed D. having followed

9. With the money ___, he couldn’t buy any ticket. A. to lose B. losing C. lost D. has lost

10. There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself ____. A. being heard B. hearing C. heard D. hear 11. The result of the test was rather _____.

A. disappointed B. disappointing C. being disappointed D. disappoint

12. I’ve never heard the word ____in spoken English. A. use B. used C. using D. being used

13. _____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.

A. Not to know B. Not knowing C. Knowing not D. Not known

14. Deeply __, I thanked her again and again. A. being moving B. moved C. moving D. to be moved 15. With winter _____on, it’s time to buy warm clothes. A. came B. comes C. come D. coming

16. ____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building. A. Having shown B. Showing C. Has shown D. Having been shown

17. He went from door to door, ____waste papers and magazines.

A. gathering B. gathered C. gather D. being gathered 18. The student corrected his paper carefully, ____the professor’s suggestions.

A. follow B. following C. followed D. being followed 19. The ___price will save you one dollar for each dozen. A. reduce B. reducing C. reduced D. reduces 20. People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.

A. live B. to live C. lived D. living

21. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t make his point ___.

A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood 22. The scientists were waiting to see the problem ______. A. settle B. settled C. to settle D. settling

23. The library’s study room is full of students _____for the exam.

A. busily prepared B. busy preparing C. busily prepare D. are busily preparing

24. The ground is _____with ____ leaves.

A. covering, falling B. covered, falling C. covered, fallen D. covering, fallen

25. Lessons ____easily were soon forgotten. A. to learn B. learn C. learned D. learning

26. The wallet ____several days ago was found ____in the dustbin outside the building。

A. stolen, hidden B. stealing, hiding C. stealing, hidden D. stolen, hiding

27. A person _____a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language, ______all about his own. A. to learn, to forget B. learning, to forget C. to learn, forgetting D. learning, forgetting 28. ___different kinds of pianos, the workers farther improved their quality.

A. To produce B. Being produced C. Produced D. Having produced

29. The students in the university are all taking courses ___a degree.

A. coming to B. going to C. leading to D. turning to 30. Many things _____impossible in the past are very common today.

A. consider B. considering C. considered D. be considered

31. ___many times, he still couldn’t understand.

A. Having been told B. Having told C. He having been told D. Telling

32. The old sick lady entered the hospital, ____her two sons. A. to support B. supporting C. supported by D. having supported

33. China is one of the largest countries in the world, _____9. 6 million square kilometres. A. to cover B. covered C. covers D. covering

34. ____and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. A Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising

35. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,____ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added 36. “Can you read?” Mary said ____to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing

37. _____ the composition, John handed it to the teacher and went out of the room.

A. Writing B. Having written C. Written D. Being written 38. Were you ____when you saw that wild animal ? A. fright B. frightening C. frightened D. frighten

39. Properly _____with numbers, the books can be easily found.

A. marked B. mark C. to mark D. marking 40. The child sat in the dentist’s chair ____. A. tremble B. trembling C. trembled D. to trembled 41. At this moment the bell rang, _____the end of class. A. announce B. announcing C. announced D. to announce 42. He walked down the hills, ____softly to himself. A. sing B. singing C. sung D. to sing

43. I had to shout to make myself _____ above the noise. A. heard B. hearing C. hear D. to hear

44. The graduating students are busy ___material for their reports. A. collect B. to collect C. collected D. collecting 45. The cars ____in Beijing are as good as those ____in Shanghai.

A. produce, produce B. produced, produced C. produced, producing D. producing, producing 46. When I came in, I saw Dr. Li _____a patient. A. examine B. examining C. to examine D. examined 47. ____a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very quickly.

A. Having been given B. Having given C. Giving D. Being given

48. ____a satisfactory operation, the doctor believed the patient would recover from his illness very soon. A. Having been given B. Having given C. Giving D. Being given

49. He wrote a letter to me _____that his trip to Japan had been put off because of the bad weather.

A. inform B. informing C. informed D. being informed 50. He reads newspapers every day to keep himself ____about what’s going on in the world.

A. inform B. informing C. informed D. being informed

II. 用适当的非谓语动词形式填空

1. She caught the student _______ (cheat) in exams. 2. When I got there, I found him _________ (repair) farm tools.

3. When I got there, I found the farm tools _______. (repair)

4. Just then he heard someone _______ (call) for help. 5. He worked so hard that he got his pay ______. (raise)

6. The missing boys were last seen _______(play) near the river.

7. ___________(compare) with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful. 8. The workers had the machines _______(run) all night long to finish the work on time.

9. People in the south have their houses ______(make) of bamboo.

10. _______(lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

【试题答案】

I. 1—5 BCBBC 6—10 CDCCC 11—15BBBBD 16—20 DABCD 21—25DBBCC 26—30 ACDCC 31—35ACDBC 36—40ABCAB 41—45BBADB 46—50BABBC II. 1. cheating 2. repairing 3. repaired 4. calling 5. raised 6. playing 7. Compared 8. running 9. made 10. Lost