毕业论文参考文献范文

毕业论文参考文献范文（共6篇）

篇1：毕业论文参考文献范文

【英语专业】毕业论文参考文献汇总（文学、翻译、语言学、英语教学、跨文化交流）来源： 毛立静Regina的日志

【语言学】

奥马利 第二语言习得的学习策略上海：上海外语出版社，2001

陈保亚 20 世纪中国语言学方法论 济南：山东教育出版社，1999

丁言仁 英语语言学纲要 上海：上海外语出版社，2001

费尔迪南 德 索绪尔 普通语言学教程 长沙：湖南教育出版社，2001

冯翠华 英语修辞大全 北京：商务印书馆，1996

桂诗春，宁春言主编 语言学方法论 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1998

桂诗春 应用语言学长沙：湖南教育出版社，1998

何兆熊 新编语用学概要 上海：上海外语教育出版社，2000

何自然 语用学与英语学习上海：上海外语教育出版社，1997

侯维瑞 英语语体 上海：上海外语教育出版社，1988

胡壮麟 语言学教程（修订版）北京：北京大学出版社，2001

黄国文 语篇与语言的功能 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2002

黄国文 语篇分析概要长沙：湖南教育出版社，1988

李延富主编 英语语言学基本读本 济南：山东大学出版社，1999

李运兴 语篇翻译引论 北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，2000

刘润清 西方语言学流派北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1999

刘润清等 现代语言学名著选读（上下册）北京：测绘出版社，1988

刘润清等 语言学入门 北京：人民教育出版社，1990

陆国强 现代英语词汇学（新版）上海：上海外语教育出版社，1999

戚雨村 现代语言学的特点和发展趋势

上海外语教育出版社，1997

秦秀白 文体学概要

长沙：湖南教育出版社，1990

孙志 外国语言研究论文索引（1995—1999）上海外语教育出版社，2001

索绪尔 普通语言教程 北京：商务印书馆，1999

王德春 语言学概论 上海：上海外语教育出版社，2001

王寅 语义理论与语言教学

上海：上海外语教育出版社，2001

王宗炎 语言学与语言的应用

上海：上海外语教育出版社，1998

王佐良等 英语文体学引论北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2000

伍谦光 语义学导论长沙：湖南教育出版社，1988

伍铁平普通语言学概要 北京：高等教育出版社，2001

熊学亮 语言学新解 上海：复旦大学出版社，2003

扬自俭 语言多学科研究与应用（上下）南宁：广西教育出版社，2002

张国扬，朱亚夫 外语教育语言学 南宁：广西教育出版社，1996

章振邦 新编英语语法教程上海：上海外语教育出版社，2000

周考成 英语语音学引论 成都：四川大学出版社，1980

Clark,J.et al.语音学与音系学入门 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2000

Gimson,A.C.and Arnold,E.An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology

北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2000

Halliday,M.A.K.An Introduction to Functional Grammar,2nd edition 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2000

Leech,G.N.Principles of Pragmatics.Longman,1983

Lyons, J.Linguisti Semantics.An Introduction.北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2000

Peccei,J.S.Pragmatics.北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2000

Radford,A.Syntax.A Miniminalist Introduction.北京：外语教学与研究出版社，２０００

Ｒobin,R.H.General Linguistics.北京教学与研究出版社，２０００

Quirk,Randolph,et al.A Grammar of Contemporary English.Longman,1927

【翻译学】

包惠南，包昂编．实用文化翻译学．上海：上海科学普及出版社，２０００

陈定安．英汉比较与翻译．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，１９９１

陈福康 中国译学理论史北稿 上海：上海外语教育出版社，1997

陈延佑 英文汉译技巧 北京：北京外语教学与研究出版社，1980

陈文伯 英语成语与汉语成语 北京：北京外语教学与研究出版社，1982

崔永禄 文学翻译佳作对比赏析 天津：南开大学出版社，2001

单其昌 汉英翻译技巧 北京：北京外语教学与研究出版社，1990

杜成南，文军主编 中国当代翻译百论 重庆：重庆大学出版社，1994

方梦之 翻译新论与实践 上海：上海外语教育出版社，1999

冯庆华 实用翻译教程 上海：上海外语教育出版社，1997

辜正坤 中西诗鉴赏与翻译 长沙：湖南人民出版社，1998

郭建中编 文化与翻译 北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，2000

黄龙 翻译技巧指导 沈阳：辽宁人民出版社，1986

黄龙 翻译学 南京：江苏教育出版社，1988

姜治文，文军编著 翻译批评论 重庆：重庆大学出版社，1999

金堤 等效翻译探索 北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1998

居祖纯 汉英语篇翻译 北京：清华大学出版社，1998

孔惠怡，扬承淑 亚洲翻译传统与现代动向 北京：北京大学出版社，2000

孔惠怡 翻译 文学 文化 北京：北京大学出版社，1999

连淑能 英汉对比研究 北京：高等教育出版社，1993

林相周 英语理解与翻译 上海：上海外语教育出版社，1998

刘宓庆 汉英对比研究与翻译 南昌：江西教育出版社，1991

刘宓庆 文化翻译论纲 武汉：湖北教育出版社，1999

刘宓庆 文体与翻译

北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1990

刘玉珍 文化交流英语 天津：南开大学出版社，1999

刘重德 浑金璞玉集 北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1994

刘重德 文学翻译十讲 北京：中国对外翻译出版社，1995

罗新璋编 翻译论集 北京：商务印书馆，1984

马祖毅 中国翻译简史（五四运动以前部分）北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1998

穆雷编著 中国翻译教学研究 上海：上海外语教育出版社，1999

钱钟书等 林纾的翻译 北京：商务印书馆，1981

孙致礼 1994.9—1996.6 我国英美文学翻译概论 南京：译林出版社，1996

王大伟 现代汉英翻译技巧 北京：世界图书出版公司，1999

王克非 翻译文化史论 上海：上海外语教育出版社，1998

谢天振 译介学 上海：上海外语教育出版社，2000

许钧 翻译思考录 武汉：湖北教育出版社，1998

许钧 文学翻译批评研究 南京：南京出版社，1992

扬自俭，李瑞华编 英汉对比研究论文集 上海：上海外语教育出版社，1997

姚念庚，范兵 英汉翻译论稿 沈阳：辽宁大学出版社，1987

尤金 奈达著 奈达论翻译 谭载喜编译 北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1993

尤金 奈达著 语言文化与翻译 严久生译 呼和浩特：内蒙古大学出版社，1998

张今 文学翻译原理 开封：河南大学出版社，1987

张培基习语汉译英研究 北京：商务印书馆，1979

张培基英语声色词与翻译 北京：商务印书馆，1964

Baker,Mona.Routledge Encyclopaedia of Translation Studies.London.Routledge,1998

Baker,Mona.In Other Words.A Coursebook of Translation.北京：北京外语教学与研究出版社,2000

Basnet,Susan.Translation Studies(Revised Edition).Methuuen Co.Ltd,1988

Carford,J.C.A Linguistic Theory of Translation ,An Essay in Applied Linguistics.Oxford University Press

George Steiner.After Babel.Aspects of Language and Translation.1975

Hatim, Bsil and Mason,Ian.Discourse and the Translation..Longman Group UK Limited,1990

Newmark,P.P.Approaches to Translation.Pergamon,Oxford,1982

Newmark,P.P.A Textbook of Translation.London.Prentice Hall,1988

Nida,Eugene A.Language,Culture,and Translating.上海：上海外语教育出版社，1993

Nida,E.A.＆Taber,C.The Theory and Practice of Translation.Brill Lyden,1974

Rojer T.Bell.Translation and Translating.Theory and Practice.Longman,London and New York,1991

Schaffner,Christian and Kelley-Holmes,Helen.Ed.Cultural Functions of Translation.Multilingual Matters Ltd,1995

Tytler,A.Essays on the Principles of Translation.London.Dent,1971

【英语教学法】

Alderson,F.C.,C.Clapham,and D.Wall.Language Test Construction and Evaluation.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1995

Brown,H.D.Princioles of Language Learning and Teaching.(3rd ed.)New Jersey:Prentice Hall,1994

Ellis,R.Understanding Second Language Acquistion.Oxford:Oxfod University Press,1985 Ellis,R.The Study of Second Language Acquisition.Oxford:Oxfod University Press,1994

Gardener,R.C.＆W.E.Lambert.Attitudes and Motivation in Second Language Learning.Rowley:Mass:Newbury House,1972

Gardener,R.C.Social Psychology and Second Language Learning:The Role of Attitudes and Motivation.Longman:Edward Arnold Ltd.,1985

Hughes,A.Testing for Language Teachers.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1989 James,C.Errors in Language Learning and Use.New York:Longman,1998

Johnson,K.E.Understanding Communicative Language Classrooms.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1995

Krashen,S.Principles and Pracrice in Second Language Acquisition.Oxford:Pergamon,1982 Lynch,B.K.Language Program Evaluation.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1996 Nunan,D.The Learner-Centred Curriculum.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1988

Nunan,D.Designing Tasks for the Communicative Classroom.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1989

Nunan,D.Second Language Teaching and Learning Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1992Nurrall,C.Teaching Reading Skills in

a Foreign Language.Oxford:Macmillan Education,1996

O’Malley,J.M＆A.U.Chamot.Learning Strategies in Second Language Acquisition.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1990

Odlin,T.Language Transfer.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1989

Richard,J.Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1986

Richards,J.C.＆C.Lockhart.Reflective Teaching in Second Language Classrooms.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1996

Seliger,H.W.＆Shohamy,E.Second Language Research Methods.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1989

Stern,H.H.Fundamental Concepts of Language Teaching.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1983 Ur,P.Teaching Listening Comprehension.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1984 Ur,P.A Course inLanguage Teaching.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2001

Wallace,M.J.Action Research for Language Teachers.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1998

1．蔡永强：“句法驱动的汉语口语教学模式探索”，《海外华文教育》2005年第4期。

2．程晓棠：《任务型语言教学》，高等教育出版社2004年版。

3．陈远祥：“建构主义教学理论是否适合外语教学”，《外语界》2001年第3期。

4．崔永华：“基础汉语教学模式的改革”，《世界汉语教学》1999年第1期。

5．戴桂芙、刘德联：《对外汉语教学法研究》，北京大学出版社1996年版。

6．方文礼：“外语任务型教学法纵横谈”，《外语与外语教学》2003年第9期。

7．龚亚夫、罗少茜：《任务型语言教学》，人民教育出版社2003年版。

8．李 红：“可理解输出假设的理论基础”，《外语与外语教学》2002年第2期。

9．李 泉：《对外汉语教学理论思考》，教育科学出版社2005年版。

10．李忆民：“课堂教学的内向和外向——试论中级汉语精读课课堂教学交际化”，《语言教学与研究》1993年第3 期。

11．刘小雨：“对外汉语口语教学研究综述”，《语言教学与研究》2000年第2期。

12．刘 珣：《对外汉语教育学引论》，北京语言文化大学出版社2000年版。

13．鲁子问：“任务型教学的课堂教学程序探讨”，《中小学外语教学》2002年第2期。

14．陆俭明：“卷首语”，《语言文字应用》1999年第1期。

15．马箭飞：“以交际任务为基础的汉语短期教学新模式”，《世界汉语教学》2000年第4期。

16．马箭飞：“任务式大纲与汉语交际任务”，《语言教学与研究》2002年第4期。

17．马箭飞：“汉语教学的模式化研究初论”，《语言教学与研究》2004年第4期。

18．邵继荣：“任务类型和任务条件对EFL写作的影响”，《国外外语教学》2003年第2期。

27．张亚军：《对外汉语教学法》，现代出版社1990年版。

28．赵金铭：“对外汉语研究的基本框架”，《世界汉语教学》2001年第3期。

29．赵金铭：《对外汉语教学概论》，商务印书馆2004年版。

30．中华人民共和国教育部：《普通高中英语课程标准（实验稿）》，人民教育出版社2003年版。

31．中华人民共和国教育部：《全日制义务教育英语课程标准（修订稿）》，北京师范大学出版社2004年版。

32．周淑清：《初中英语教学模式研究》，北京语言大学出版社2004年版。

【跨文化交流】

费孝通 乡土中国·生育制度 北京：北京大学出版社，2002

洪堡特 论人类语言结构的差异及其对人类精神发展的影响 北京：商务印书馆，1999

霍克海默，阿多尔诺 启蒙辩证法 重庆：重庆出版社，1993

梁漱溟 东西文化及其哲学 北京：商务印书馆，1997

陆扬，王毅选编 大众文化研究 上海：三联书店，2001

罗钢，刘象愚 文化研究读本 北京：中国社会科学出版社，2000

莫尔根 古代社会 北京：商务印书馆，1997

萨义德 东方学 北京：三联书店，1999

王岳川 后现代主义文化研究 北京：北京大学出版社，1996

Dueing,S.(ed.)The Cultural Studies Reader.London:Routledge,1993

Polo,Marco.The Travels of Marco Polo.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,1998

Turner,Graeme.British Cultural Srudies.An Introduction ,London and New York:Routledge,1996

Williams,R.Culture and Society.Harmondsworth:Penguin,1963

篇2：毕业论文参考文献范文

一、说明

1、注释和参考文献是毕业论文的重要组成部分。所列出的注释和文献应当是作者亲自阅读或引用过的，不应简单转录他人文后的注释和文献。在写资料出处时一定要亲自核实，不要出现任何差错，以保证其真实可靠。

2、所引用的注释和文献，应是公开出版的刊物，内部刊物一般不引用。要注意引用最新文献。

3、同一注释和参考文献在参考文献只能出现一次，但是如果该文献是多卷本则依据其卷数或册数多次出现,出现几次就是几个参考文献。

4、必须判断出文献的属性，并选用正确的英文字母为代码。

文献属性对应英文字母如下：

M—专著 , C—论文集 , N—报纸 , J—期刊，R—报告，A—析出文献，Z—其他未说明文献。

电子文献：EB/OL——网上电子公告，M/CD 光盘图书，J/OL——网上期刊。

5、参考文献中的所有字体符号必须在英文输入状态下输入。字体为Times New Roman

6、文献序号 [ ]与后面内容之间不要空字符。

7、著作的出版年份只须标明年份；期刊的出版年份须要标明年份的同时,还要标明期次；报纸的出版年份须要表明该报纸发行的年月日。

8、参考文献一般格式：

作者.文献名称[文献属性].出版地:出版社或报刊名称,出版年份.起止页码.著录：按著录/题名/出版事项顺序排列：

期刊：著者,题名,期刊名称,出版年,卷号（期号），起止页码。

书籍：著者，书名，版次（第一版不标注），出版地，出版者，出版年，起止页码。论文集：著者，题名，学术会议名称、地点、时间，出版地，出版者，出版年，起止页码。

互联网站上的文章：著者，题名，网址，访问时间。

9、参考文献与正文隔一行，顺序号用[1] [2] 等符号。参考文献首行缩进2个汉字字符，“参考文献”四个字为宋体5号加黑，其余内容为Times New Roman5号。

10、正文中标注引用的参考文献时，以上标形式标注顺序号。

二、举例说明

1、著作

[1]马克思恩格斯选集（第一卷）[M].北京:人民出版社,1972.[2]毛泽东著作选读(下册)[M].北京:人民出版社,1969.[3]邓小平文选（第3卷）[M].北京:人民出版社,1993.[4]江泽民.全面建设小康社会开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面[M].北京:人民出版社,2002.注意事项:

有关马列主义经典著作选集、文集、文选或全集在引注时：

（1）不用注明作者！但是当有关马列主义经典著作以单行本的形式出版时，就必须注明作者！

（2）必须注明卷或册，关于卷或册的标注方式必须与该著作标明的格式一致。(3）出版地是指该出版社所在的城市而不是省份！

（4）必须引用最新版次！（5）有关引文所在页码标注在正文中，其格式为：“„，„，„。”[1]（P12）

[1]田克勤.邓小平理论概论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.[2]邱伟光,张耀灿.思想政治教育学原理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.[3]杨天成,等.美学基本原理[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2003.1.[4]中共中央文献研究室.十五大以来重要文献选编(上)[M].北京:人民出版社,1999.231-232.注意事项：

(1)作者必须是该著作的独著者、合著者、主编或主持编写的机构，如果二者都有的话，则只标注人，不须标注机构！

（2）当有三个以上作者或主编时，可参照[3]的格式进行标注！

（3）如果参考文献为某一专著、论文集、学术报告的特定部分或篇目，需要注明起止页码。

2、译著

[1]【美】R·M·加涅.杨天成译.中国改革道路研究[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2003.[2]【美】R·M·加涅.杨天成,等译.中国社会问题研究[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2005.[3]【美】R·M·加涅.中国社会问题研究[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2005.注意事项：

(1)外国作者的国籍应注明!(2)译者可以不注明!

3、论文集或文献资料集

[1]中国社会科学院近代史所.中国近代史研究史料汇编

（一）[C].北京:中央文献出版社,2000.12-14.[2]中国社会科学院近代史所.中国近代史研究史料汇编

（二）[C].北京:中央文献出版社,2000.12-14.[3]田克勤.论邓小平理论的历史地位[Z].全国邓小平理论研讨会交流论文.12-14.[4]田克勤.学习理论大家谈[C].长春:东北师范大学出版社,1999.12-14.4、中国古代文献

[1]汉书·卷二十[M].[2]汉书·卷二十二[M].注意事项：

(1)中国古代文献可以不标注作者!(2)中国古代文献可以不标注出版地、出版社和出版年份！（3）中国古代文献往往是多卷本，每一卷都视为一个独立的参考文献！

5、期刊

[1]田克勤.论邓小平理论的历史地位[J].东北师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）,1999,(1).10-12.[2]杨天成,等.论“三个代表”重要思想的理论价值[J].学术研究,2003,创刊号.11-13.[3]本课题研究组.论十五大以来党的建设理论新发展[J].党建研究,1999,(1-2).注意事项：

(1)同一期刊的不同文章是不同的参考文献!(2)当文章分多期发表时,期次标注法可参考[3]!

6、报纸

[1]田克勤.论邓小平理论的历史地位[N].人民日报,1999-01-09(8).[2]邱伟光.论邓小平理论的伟大意义[N].光明日报,1999-11-19(2).7、外文文献

参照中文，但注意英文的一些习惯用法。具体见英文说明。[1] He Z F.Improvement on exterminating method of NO3-N and in vegetables and fruits[J].Agro-environmental Protection, 1995, 14(1): 46—48 [2] Wang A G, Luo G H and Shao C B.SOD activity of soybeen seed[J].Acto Phytophysiologica Sinica, 1983, 9(1).77.(in Chinese)[3] Yang L J, Cui J L and Tang Y G.Rice Crop Science and Technology in Jiangsu Province[M].Nanjing: Jiangsu Science & Technolkogy Publishing House, 1990.83—84.(in Chinese)[4] Zhu J, Gale M D, Quarrie S, Jackson M T and Bryan G J.AFLP markers for the study of rice biodiversity[J].Teor.Appl.Genet.1998, 96.602—611.[5] Palmer C E, Keller W A and Arnison P G.Experimental haploidy in Brassica species.In: Jain S M, Sopory S K, Veilleux R E(eds), In Vitro Haploid Production in Higher Plants[M].Vol.3.Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.143—172.[6]Jim.The Study of Sino-American Relation[M].New York,Addison-Wwsley,2005.[7]Jim.On Sino-American relation[J].Time,2005,(2).8、网络文献

[1]田克勤论邓小平理论的历史地位[EB/OL].http//1073429．1993-06-23 6．技术标准文献

［1］ISO 1210-1982，塑料——小试样接触火焰法测定塑料燃烧性［S］ ［2］GB 2410-80，透明塑料透光率及雾度实验方法［S］ 7．报纸

［1］陈志平．减灾设计研究新动态［N］．科技日报，1997-12-12(5)8．报告 ［1］中国机械工程学会．密相气力输送技术［R］．北京：1996 9．电子文献

［1］万锦柔．中国大学学报论文文摘(1983-1993)［DB/CD］．北京：中国百科全书出版社，1996

一、参考文献著录格式 期刊作者.题名［J］.刊名，出版年，卷(期)：起止页码 专著作者.书名［M］.版本(第一版不著录).出版地：出版者，出版年.起止页码 论文集作者.题名［C］.//编者.论文集名.出版地：出版者，出版年.起止页码 学位论文作者.题名［D］.保存地点：保存单位，年份 专利文献题名［P］.国别，专利文献种类，专利号.出版日期

标准标准编号，标准名称［S］ 报纸作者.题名［N］.报纸名，出版日期(版次)报告作者.题名［R］.保存地点：年份 电子文献作者.题名［电子文献及载体类型标识］.文献出处，日期

二、文献类型及其标识

1.根据GB3469 规定

①期刊［J］

②专著［M］

③论文集［C］

④学位论文［D］

⑤专利［P］

⑥标准［S］

⑦报纸［N］

⑧技术报告［R］

2.电子文献载体类型用双字母标识，例如：

①磁带［MT］

②磁盘［DK］

③光盘［CD］

④联机网络［OL］

3.电子文献载体类型的参考文献类型标识方法为：［文献类型标识/载体类型标识］。例如：

①联机网上数据库［DB/OL］

②磁带数据库［DB/MT］

③光盘图书［M/CD］

④磁盘软件［CP/DK］

⑤网上期刊［J/OL］

⑥网上电子公告［EB/OL］

三、举例

1．期刊论文

［1］周庆荣，张泽廷，朱美文，等.固体溶质在含夹带剂超临界流体中的溶解度［J］.化工学报，1995，46(3)：317—323 ［2］Dobbs J M, Wong J M.Modification of supercritical fluid phasebehavior using polor coselvent［J］.Ind Eng Chem Res, 1987,26:56 ［3］刘仲能，金文清.合成医药中间体4-甲基咪唑的研究［J］.精细化工，2002(2)：103-105 ［ 4 ］ Mesquita A C, Mori M N, Vieira J M, et al ． Vinyl acetate polymerization by ionizing radiation［J］．Radiation Physics and Chemistry,2002, 63:465 2．专著

［1］蒋挺大．亮聚糖［M］．北京：化学工业出版社，2001．127 ［2］Kortun G． Reflectance Spectroscopy［M］． New York: Spring-Verlag,1969 3．论文集

［1］郭宏，王熊，刘宗林．膜分离技术在大豆分离蛋白生产中综合利用的 研究［C］．//余立新．第三届全国膜和膜过程学术报告会议论文集．北京：高教出版社，1999．421-425 ［2］Eiben A E, vander Hauw J K．Solving 3-SAT with adaptive genetic algorithms ［C］．//Proc 4th IEEE Conf Evolutionary Computation．Piscataway: IEEE Press, 1997．81-86 4．学位论文

［1］陈金梅．氟石膏生产早强快硬水泥的试验研究（D）．西安：西安建筑科学大学，2000 ［ 2 ］ Chrisstoffels L A J ． Carrier-facilitated transport as a mechanistic tool in supramolecular chemistry［D］．The Netherland：Twente University．1988 5．专利文献 ［1］Hasegawa, Toshiyuki, Yoshida,et al．Paper Coating composition［P］．EP 0634524．1995-01-18 ［ 2 ］ 仲前昌夫，佐藤寿昭． 感光性树脂［ P ］． 日本，特开平09-26667．1997-01-28 ［3］Yamaguchi K, Hayashi A． Plant growth promotor and production thereof ［P］．Jpn, Jp1290606．1999-11-22 ［4］厦门大学．二烷氨基乙醇羧酸酯的制备方法［P］．中国发明专利，CN1073429．1993-06-23 6．技术标准文献

［1］ISO 1210-1982，塑料——小试样接触火焰法测定塑料燃烧性［S］ ［2］GB 2410-80，透明塑料透光率及雾度实验方法［S］ 7．报纸

［1］陈志平．减灾设计研究新动态［N］．科技日报，1997-12-12(5)8．报告

［1］中国机械工程学会．密相气力输送技术［R］．北京：1996 9．电子文献

篇3：毕业论文参考文献范文

1 Literature Review

Some experts have studied the format problems of references in the English majors’theses (Zhong Weizhen&Huang Guowen, 1999;Liu Xinmin, 1999, 2001) without telling difference between the APA style and the MLA style.Then, Jiang Xin introduces the main writing styles of English theses, such as the APA style, the MLA style and the Chicago style, and their differences (Jiang Xin, 2002) .As we know, different styles are required according to different subjects.The APA style is popular in the fields of psychology, sociology, economics etc and is widely adopted in the linguistics (Liu Xingbing and Yu Gongmao, 2007) .“Theses in the field of applied linguistics require that the manuscript be typed in the format described in a manual published by the American Psychological Association (APA) ” (Wen Qiufang, 2004, p.297) .Liu and Yu introduce the APA reference style from the aspects of abbreviation, order and format (Liu Xingbing and Yu Gongmao, 2007) .Meanwhile, the MLA style, described by Modern Language Association, is widely used in the humanities, especially literature and art (Jiang Xin, 2003) , and fully described by Ren Xiaojin (Ren Xiaojin, 1997) .

Although a lot of relevant studies have been done, it is still far from the popularization of the standard reference style in the English majors’graduation papers.Moreover, the previous studies just focus on the format problems of references without discussing the in-depth relation between references and academic honesty.Through a detailed survey, this paper focuses on the common problems of references, not only on the format problems but also on the academic cheating in the English majors’graduation papers, and analyzes the causes and provides some suggestions.

2 Research Design

43 English Majors'graduation papers from a university in the northwest of China were chosen as the samples.They covered the main English research fields including literature and linguistics.

A survey was conducted in the following three steps.Firstly, according to the different styles they should follow, they were classified into two main types, papers on literature and papers on linguistics including translation, applied linguistics and intercultural communication.There are 29 papers on linguistics which should follow the APA style while the other 14 papers on literature should follow the MLA style.

Second, two types of papers were respectively surveyed according to the different standards, that is, the APA style and the MLA style.There were three focuses in this survey.The first focus of the survey was whether it concluded complete information.The second focus of the survey was whether there were some common problems in the format and if there were, what were they.The third focus of the survey was how many papers had the problem of inconsistency between the references or works cited list and the in-text citations because both the references list in APA and the works cited list in MLA contain that are referred to in the papers, no more or no less.However, a bibliography in MLA includes all the work consulted in the writing process.

At last, gather the data of the two types and present it in the tables and analyze it.

3 Research Results

3.1 Common problems in linguistic papers following APA format

3.1.1 Incomplete information

A reference in APA style includes the information about the author, the date, the title of the cited materials and the publication which is the information of the publication place and publisher for a book and the journal name, volume, issue number and pages for a journal.Though this survey, 41.4%of the samples failed to provide complete information about the sources.For the books, the place of publication and the publisher were most likely lost.For example:

*Hinkel, E.2001.Culture in Second Language Teaching and Learning.Cambridge University Press.

For the journal articles, the volume, the issue number and the page range were likely absent.For example:

*Chomsky, N. (1 959) ."Review of Verbal Behavior by B.F Skinner".Language

3.1.2 The problems in format were shown in Table 2

All of papers in the survey had the problems of capitalization.In APA style, capitalize only the first letter of the title, but all of the students capitalized the first letter of major words in the title.E.g.

*Rubin, J. (1987) .Learner strategies:Theoretical Assumptions, Research History and Typology, Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice Hall

100%of students didn’t indent the subsequence line or lines five spaces from the left margin when an entry runs more than one line.93.1%of the students used the improper title“Bibliography”rather than“References”.93.1%of the students didn’t underline the titles of books and journals.65.5%of students didn’t order the references alphabetically by authors’surnames.

3.1.3 Inconsistency between the references list and the in-text citations

One of the common problems in linguistic papers is the inconsistency between the references list and the in-text citations.There are two kinds of mistakes.69.0%of the reference lists contained the surplus entries which were not cited in the paper.34.4%of students lost the cited work (s) when they compiled their references lists.

3.2 Common problems in literature papers following MLA for-mat

The students may more familiar with the MLA style, so the problems in MLA papers are less than those in APA ones.What’s more, most of students used the title“Bibliography”which includes all of the consulted works in the process of writing rather than“Works Cited”, the problem of inconsistency is not so outstanding as the one in APA style.

3.2.1 Incomplete information

The references in MLA style contain the same information as the ones in APA style, but the information of the data is arranged at the end.In the samples, 57.1%of them failed to provide complete information about the sources.The mistakes are similar with the ones in APA style.

3.2.2 The problems in MLA format were shown in Table 3:

The students in this survey made fewer mistakes in MLA style.

There were some similar problems in punctuation, order, indentation and underlining as in APA style.Look at this example:

*Gillie, Christopher, Longman Companion to English Literature, London:Longman Group Limited, 1978

In this example, this student indented the subsequence line two spaces from the left margin rather than five spaces in standard.Three periods should be used in the end of every part of information, but this student used commas.What’s worse, he italicized the title but didn’t underline it according to the standard format.

4 Suggestions and Limitations

4.1 Design special course to popularize the standards in APA and MLA format

The students failed to provide complete information of the sources and present in the standard format because they were not familiar with the APA and MLA format.What’s worse, some students didn’t differentiate the APA style from the MLA style.In order to help the students to compile the standard reference or works cited list, special course should be given.In such a special course, the common formats of a reference or works cited list are briefly but clearly described.

4.2 Remind of students to keep the academic honesty in mind and be consistent between the in-text citations and the references or works cited list The inconsistency between the reference or work cited list and

The inconsistency between the reference or work cited list and the in-text citations includes two kinds of mistakes.On the one hand, the reference or work cited list contains the surplus entries which are not cited in the text.On the other hand, some works cited in the text are absent from the reference or work cited list.Both of these behaviors violate the academic honesty, no matter intentionally or not.

There are two reasons for the surplus entries.They may confuse a bibliography and a references or works cited list.What’s more, some students add the surplus entries in order to make the list longer which is a typical kind of academic cheating.The reason for omitted references may be the writers’carelessness.They may forget the sources of the citations without any record.

To keep away the academic cheating, a bibliography should be differentiated from references or works cited list at first.“A bibliography may include any work that you have consulted during your research which may not be cited in your thesis” (Wen Qiufang, 2004, p.260) .It is usually preferred when compiling a book.In the APA style, a thesis requires a reference list, which only contains cited works that are referred to in the thesis, rather than a bibliography (Wen Qiufang, 2004) .In the MLA style, the title Works Cited is most appropriate for a paper and as the heading Works Cited indicates, this list contains all the works that are cited in the text.Secondly, a working bibliography including all the relevant materials should be produced before writing.In the process of writing, take a record about the works which have been referred to in the text on the bibliography.When finishing the body of paper, compile the references or works cited list according to the record and have a check at last.In this way, a references or works cited list is the exact one, no more or no less.

4.3 Limitation

Because samples in the research are limited, this paper just focuses on the most common problems and there are many other problems of references without being mentioned in this paper.More detailed studies can be carried on in the future.

参考文献

[1]Gibaldi J.MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers[M].5th ed.Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Press, 2001.

[2]Wen Qiufang.Applied Linguistics Research Methods and The-sis Writing[M].Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Re-search Press, 2004.

[3]蒋新.英美学术论文文献的几种主要引文方式[J].图书与情报, 2003 (3) :26-30.

[4]刘新民.英语论文写作规范[J].大连外国语学院学报, 1999 (8) :33-43.

[5]刘新民.再谈英语论文写作规范[J].外语与外语教学, 2001 (4) :30-32.

[6]刘兴兵, 余功茂.英语论文APA格式评介[J].郧阳师范高等专科学校学报, 2007, 27 (2) :75-82.

[7]任晓晋.英语论文MLA格式要求评介[J].武汉大学学报 (哲学社会科学版) , 1997, 5 (232) :116-120.

篇4：毕业论文参考文献范文

The results of the survey show that the majority of students （73.3%） disagree with this kind of practice. They think if they have the answers with them, they can check their homework the moment they finish doing it. In this way, they can make sure they have correct answers. If their answers are wrong, they can correct them right away. Some of them think this will improve their studies.

On the other hand, more than one fourth of the students （26.7%） agree with it. They think it prevents some students from copying the answers and helps to increase their self-confidence. Thus, they will think more for themselves.

In my opinion, we should not look at the answers while doing our homework. We should refer to them only when we have finished doing it but are not sure if we have done it right.

2

Hello, everyone. My name is Li Hua. I’m glad to introduce our school buildings to you.

The grand building is our gymnasium. We have our PE lessons here. Behind the gymnasium is a big playground, where you can play football, basketball and tennis. Turn to the south and we face our theatre, where we often hold concerts. Next to it is our library. We have our reading lessons there. As you can see, there are three classroom buildings in our school. To the west of them is a lake with our dinning hall beside it. To further west stand the apartments for students.

Our school is very beautiful because there are many trees and flowers with the company of two small rivers. I sincerely hope you will have a pleasant stay here.

3

Dear neighbors,

We are very happy to inform you that a mountain-climbing activity will be held next Sunday. We are going to climb mountains in a scenic spot which is fifteen miles away from our residence, and all residents of our community are welcome. We will meet in front of the community office at eight o’clock, when and where a tourist bus will be waiting for us. Our outdoor activity will last three hours, from 8:30 to 11:30 am.

If you are interested, please sign up at the community office before 4:30 pm next Friday so that we can make necessary arrangements.

We suggest that you bring some water with you and wear climbing shoes.

We are looking forward to your participation.

Community Office

4

NOTICE

In order to enrich our campus life, we have decided to hold an English concert. To accomplish this, we need your participation. Anyone who is good at performance and willing to take part can sign up at our office before 4:30 pm next Thursday. The form of performance is unlimited. You can sing songs or play music, either classical or modern. You need to bring your own musical instruments, unless you need a piano, which we will provide.

Attention: There will be a quiz of musical knowledge. Whoever wins will get a fancy prize.

The concert is to begin at 1:30 next Saturday afternoon in our school theater. Remember to come to have the great fun on time!

Art Department of Students Union

5

Last Sunday afternoon, when I took part in the English Corner of our school as usual, some students gathered around me. They asked me to give some tips on how to improve their spoken English. The following are what I told them.

First of all, we must enrich our vocabulary and have a good command of their usages. Without enough vocabulary, nobody can express themselves fluently. Secondly, we should listen to materials read by native speakers as often as possible, and imitate their pronunciation and intonation. By doing so, we will gradually find ourselves able to understand and to be understood. Lastly, we ought to grasp every opportunity to speak English. In fact, no one can speak a language well if he doesn’t speak it.

6

Dear classmates,

In recent PE classes, I have noticed some of us slip out of the playground and return to the classroom. When asked for the reason, they explain they are going back to study. It sounds reasonable, but I don’t think such action proper.

As students of Senior 3, we’re all facing a big challenge in our life. There is no doubt that the harder we work, the better we’ll do in our studies. However, nobody can deny the fact that too much work with little exercise will eventually lead to poor health. Without good health, how can we carry on with our tough study and achieve better results? Therefore, as your monitor, I sincerely hope everyone will make the best of the PE classes, relaxing ourselves and improving our health.

Thank you!

7

Dear Mr Wang,

I’m Li Yue, a student of Class 5, Senior 3. Yesterday afternoon as I was riding home after school, my bike ran over a stone. As a result, I fell off the bike and got my foot seriously injured. While I sat on the road helplessly, one student of your class, Wang Ming, happened to pass by. Seeing me so painful, he stopped without hesitation and managed to take me to the hospital. When I was being treated, he called my parents and accompanied me until they arrived.

I am really thankful for what Wang Ming has done for me. Without his timely help, I couldn’t have been treated in time and might have suffered a longer time. By writing this letter, I do hope that you will praise Wang Ming for his kindness towards others.

Best wishes,

Li Yue

8

Several days ago we had an English test. One of my classmates, Li Hua, was caught cheating by using his cellphone to search for answers on the Internet. As a result, his cellphone was taken away and he got a “zero” .

As we know, tests are used to assess how we are going on with our studies. It can tell us what we have mastered and what we haven’t yet. If a student cheats in it, the test then loses its function. Moreover, test scores are of course important to us students, but what’s more important is our honesty. Without honesty, one will lose trust of others sooner or later. Therefore, in my opinion, what my classmate has lost is not only the scores but also his honesty.

9

Last Friday our class held a meeting, at which we were asked to introduce what we were going to major in at university. All of us expressed our wishes. Some planned to study science; some intended to learn literature. When it was my turn, I told my classmates that my ideal major was English.

With the fast development of our country, international communication has become essential. English, as one of the international languages, plays a vital role in it. Therefore, more and more people start to learn English. I choose English as my major in order to become a good English teacher and help people learn this language well.

10

Give Me More Space

As is shown in the picture above, the girl looks like a bird who is confined in a cage, hanging on the branches. Although she is safe in the cage, she doesn’t like it at all.

篇5：毕业论文参考文献范文

2011届“酒店管理”专业大专毕业论文

题目参考方向

1、关于建设“绿色饭店”方面；

2、旅游客源市场方面；

3、饭店人力资源管理方面；

4、饭店产品的品牌建设方面；

5、旅游企业文化建设方面；

6、饭店的组织管理方面；

7、“感情投资法”在饭店中的运用方面；

8、旅游创新方面；

9、对“农家乐”旅游发展的思考；

10、经济型酒店的现状分析和发展机会、策略；

11、饭店心理研究（游客及员工心理）；

12、旅游产品的开发方面；

13、旅游市场的开发与管理方面；

14、旅游企业的形象建设方面；

15、旅游环境保护方面；

16、旅游资源的开发与保护方面；

17、旅游会计方面；

18、酒店设备管理方面；

19、餐饮服务质量管理方面；

20、客房服务质量管理方面；

21、饭店环境管理方面；

22、旅游营销方面；

23、旅游康乐方面；

24、酒店烹饪方面；

25、旅游规划方面；

26、旅游景区管理方面（酒店、交通、购物、康乐„）

27、旅行社运行与管理方面

28、导游实务方面；

29、旅游法规方面；

30、旅游企业员工的礼貌礼节方面；

31、民族与民俗方面；

32、中外旅游比较研究方面；

33、旅游电子商务方面；

34、旅游企业策划方面；

35、旅游统计方面；

36、旅游公关方面

37、主题公园、假日经济、分时度假、产权酒店等方面

38、“以人为本”理念在饭店管理中的应用

39、震后四川休闲旅游目的地的重建方面

40、现代农业与乡村旅游一体化发展模式的对策研究方面

41、地震灾区羌族旅游产品的开发与保护方面

42、低星级酒店如何应对经济型酒店快速发展的冲击的对策分析方面

43、导游人员的生存现状方面的研究

注：以上这些并不是论文的准确题目，而只是供大家选择论文题目的一个参考方向，同学们可根据自己论文的实际情况，确定一个恰当的题目。

旅游管理专业论文题目

1、要求：考生可根据自己具体情况，结合本地实际情况，参考下面题目或自拟题目做毕业论文，文字在2000——4000个汉字之内，用A4纸打印3份，统一封面（见附件）。

2、交毕业论文时间：返校生产实践时

3、交毕业论文地点：校外学习中心学员交于各学习中心，由各中心统一交于我院教务科唐娅老师处；校内学员直接交于我院教务科罗斌老师处（第七办公楼四楼407）。

论文参考题目：

1、论旅行社对散客的服务方式

2、浅谈导游讲解对旅游景区形象的影响

3、导游服务中的常见问题及对策分析

4、论民俗特色旅游的开发

5、旅游网络预定系统的战略研究

6、文化旅游与文化市场建设

7、谈挖掘旅游资源的文化内涵

8、主题公园高效益的成因探究

9、浅谈旅游信息在经济决策中的地位及其开发利用

10、论城市在旅游事业中的地位与作用

11、关于旅游对环境影响问题的思考

12、浅析影响现代旅游业发展的因素

13、整体产品观念在旅游业中的应用

14、旅游业的经济功能及其在区域发展中的作用

15、论自然保护区旅游的持续发展

16、创造性思维在旅游业中的应用

17、论旅游服务的国际标准及我国的接轨方式

18、论旅游景观的视觉形象及其对景点开发与经营管理的意义

19、关于商用旅游信息系统的总体构想

20、论风景旅游资源开发中的视觉影响问题

21、旅游与社会互动关系初论

22、旅游动机形成的影响因素研究

23、论导游的品质对服务的影响

24、生态旅游及其类型浅析

25、生态旅游与可持续旅游发展

26、旅游发展对风情民俗资源的消极影响分析及其对策研究

27、需要层次论在旅游饭店餐饮管理中的应用

28、旅行社经营机制转换中存在的问题及对策

29、旅游广告媒体对旅游的影响研究

30、旅行社服务质量与游客满意感影响因素分析

31、旅游业的社会弊端及其治理

32、浅谈形体语言在旅游服务中的运用

33、论旅游饭店集团的成长方向

34、旅游饭店顾客导向定价模式浅析

35、生态旅游绿色营销的产品策略分析

36、浅论我国商务旅游开发

37、浅论导游人员的基本素质

38、知识经济下旅游企业人力资源管理创新

39、发展旅游观光农业问题初探

40、旅游企业品牌战略探讨

41、中国旅游教育与培训面临的问题和对策

42、论生态旅游资源的脆弱性及其保护

43、旅游购物的投诉心理及服务对策

44、饭店服务人员个人能力培养途径

45、饭店文化对员工行为的影响探讨

46、旅游保险中的常见问题及对策研究

47、浅析我国国有饭店的现状及发展趋势

48、旅游业的网络营销发展态势及对策

49、旅游目的地形象的传播策略初探

篇6：毕业论文参考文献范文

2、论跨国公司与集群区域的互动关系

3、比较优势理论研究新进展

4、经济全球化热点问题辨析

5、从增长与发展的统一上寻找发展中国家的经济发展

6、当代美国社会的两极化发展评析

国际贸易专业论文选题参考 论文

来源：论文之家论文网

1.跨国公司与中国制造业基地

2.跨国公司的全球战略问题

3.跨国公司的经营案例研究

4.我国企业走出去问题研究

5.浙江省中小企业国际竞争力问题研究

6.浙江省中小企业国际化经营案例分析

7.欧洲市场的开拓问题

8.中外企业国际竞争力的差异研究

9.外贸企业核心竞争力问题

10.地方外贸发展研究

11.我国应对反倾销问题

12.我国外贸应对技术壁垒问题

13.我国外贸政策的未来取向问题

14.人民币汇率升值对我国外贸的影响

15.我国外贸顺差问题研究

16.我国外贸改革问题

17.产业内贸易问题研究

18.对自由贸易保护贸易理论政策的研究

19.欧盟的对外贸易问题

20.环保与经济发展

21.循环经济研究

22.技术贸易的理论与实践

23.亚洲经济一体化问题

24.经济全球化和国际经济竞争的新态势

25.我国面对国外“反倾销”的策略

26.中国出口商品频遭国外反倾销调查的原因及对策

27.中国与印度经济的比较分析

28.中国农业贸易发展的现状,问题与建议

29.中美经贸关系的现状,问题与前景

30.中美贸易摩擦分析

31.中美贸易逆差分析

32.关于中国成为“世界工厂”的思考

33,东亚的区域经济合作

34,APEC贸易投资自由化进展研究

35,国外技术壁垒对我国出口的影响及对策

36,外国对华直接投资与中国制造业产品国际竞争力

37,中国与俄罗斯贸易关系的发展与展望

38,国际直接投资与东道国人力资本开发 39,中日贸易关系的变化与特征

40,日本公司在中国的投资策略

41,利用外资问题

42,日本对中国的投资研究

43,中小企业发展海外经营的国际经验探讨

44,中国企业的跨国经营

45,跨国公司在我国市场竞争产生的垄断问题

46,中国企业“走出去”战略研究

47,中国外贸区域结构的优化问题研究

48,中国由贸易大国向贸易强国转变过程中的问题及对策

49，中国公司与中国制造业基地

50，资银行电子商务资料库05332).+43#5)94在华竞争策略研究

51，跨国公司对外直接投资理论的评述

52，外国直接投资对我国居民收入的影响

53，中国企业走出去问题研究

54，企业的国际化战略问题

55，浙江省中小企业国际化经营的案例分析

56，中外企业国际竞争力的差异研究

57，外贸企业核心竞争力问题

58，地方外贸发展研究

59，外保障措施对出口贸易的影响

60，我国外贸应对技术壁垒问题

61，我国外贸有效竞争体系的建设问题

62，人民币汇率升值对我国外贸的影响

63，我国外贸顺差问题研究

64.出口贸易收汇方式选择研究

65,发展中国家对华反倾销的动因及我国应对策略

66,论温州产业出口结构的优化

67,出口退税机制改革对温州外贸的影响与政策建议

68,温州市旅游业利用外资现状的分析及对策

69,欧盟对我国鞋类产品反倾销问题及对策研究

70,浅论农产品技术性贸易壁垒对出口贸易的影响及对策—

71,温州利用外资存在的问题及对策研究

72,我国融资租赁业的现状,问题及建议

73,发展温州会展经济的思考

74,绿色壁垒对我国农产品出口的影响及对策分析

75,对我国出口信用保险的分析及发展思考

76,汇改后,我国外贸企业在进出口贸易中如何防范汇率风险

77,信用证的欺诈与防范

78,浅析我国发展国际保理存在问题与对策

79,绿色贸易壁垒对我国工业产品贸易发展的影响及对策

80,浅析我国纺织品服装出口应对绿色壁垒的发展思路

81,绿色壁垒及我国应对措施研究

82,纺织服装技术贸易壁垒及应对研究 83,反倾销对我国纺织品的影响及对策

84,温州企业品牌战略的发展对策分析

85,我国彩电遭受反倾销的现状及对策

86,浅析信用证风险及其防范

87,浅析专业外贸公司存在的问题及对策

88,浅谈出口信用保险推动我国外贸增长的策略

89,浅析技术性贸易壁垒对我国的影响及应采取的对策

90,论国际保理在中小企业中的应用

91,运用出口信用保险 降低出口收汇风险

92,浅析我国企业出口农产品应对绿色壁垒的策略