2018年可锐考研英语阅读真题解析

2018年可锐考研英语阅读真题解析（精选5篇）

篇1：2018年可锐考研英语阅读真题解析

可锐教育官网http://

2018年可锐考研英语阅读真题解析

（二）三、英学业间断期

Talk to any parent of a student who took an adventurous gap year and a misty look will come into their eyes.There are some disasters and even the most motivated, organised gap student does require family back-up, financial, emotional and physical.The parental mistiness is not just about the brilliant experience that has matured their offspring;it is vicarious living.We all wish pre-university gap years had been the fashion in our day.We can see how much tougher our kids become;how much more prepared to benefit from university or to decide positively that they are going to do something other than a degree.Gap years are fashionable, as is reflected in the huge growth in the number of charities and private companies offering them.Pictures of Prince William toiling in Chile have helped, but the trend has been gathering steam for a decade.The range of gap packages starts with backpacking, includes working with charities, building hospitals and schools and, very commonly, working as a language assistant, teaching English.With this trend, however, comes a danger.Once parents feel that a well-structured year is essential to their would-be undergraduate’s progress to a better university, a good degree, an impressive CV and well paid employment, as the gap companies’ blurbs suggest it might be, then parents will start organising—and paying for—the gaps.Where there are disasters, according to Richard Oliver, director of the gap companies’ umbrella organisation, the Year Out Group, it is usually because of poor planning.That can be the fault of the company or of the student, he says, but the best insurance is thoughtful preparation.“When people get it wrong, it is usually medical or, especially among girls, it is that they have not been away from home before or because expectation does not match reality.”

The point of a gap year is that it should be the time when the school leaver gets to do the thing that he or she fancies.Kids don’t mature if mum and dad decide how they are going to mature.If the 18-year-old’s way of maturing is to slob out on Hampstead Heath soaking up sunshine or spending a year working with fishermen in Cornwall, then that’s what will be productive for that person.The consensus, however, is that some structure is an advantage and that the prime mover needs to be the student.The 18-year-old who was dispatched by his parents at two weeks’ notice to Canada to learn to be a snowboarding instructor at a cost of ￡5,800, probably came back with little more than a hangover.The 18-year-old on the same package who worked for his fare and spent the rest of his year instructing in resorts from New Zealand to Switzerland, and came back to apply for university, is the positive counterbalance.1.It can be inferred from the first paragraph that parents of gap students may_____.[A] help children to be prepared for disasters [B] receive all kinds of support from their 可锐教育官网http://

children

[C] have rich experience in bringing up their offspring [D] experience watching children grow up

2.According to the text, which of the following is true?

[A] the popularity of gap years results from an increasing number of charities.[B] Prince William was working hard during his gap year.[C] gap years are not as fashionable as they were ten years ago.[D] a well-structured gap year is a guarantee of university success.3.The word “packages” means_____.[A] parcels carried in travelling [B] a comprehensive set of activities

[C] something presented in a particular way [D] charity actions

4.What can cause the disasters of gap years?

[A] Intervention of parents.[B] Careful planning.[C] Good health.[D] Realistic expectation.5.An 18-year-old is believed to take a meaningful gap year when he/she_____.[A] lives up to his/her parents’ expectations [B] spends time being lazy and doing nothing

[C] learns skills by spending parents’ money [D] earns his or her living and gains working experience

答案：1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.D

核心词汇和超纲词汇

a gap year学业间断的一年，间断年

vicarious间接感受到的，如He got a ~ thrill out of watching his son score the winning goal

package包，盒，袋;一套东西，一套建议，一揽子交易，如a benefits ~一套福利措施an aid ~综合援助计划

backpack背包旅行 go ~ing 可锐教育官网http://

umbrella综合体，总体，整体，如an ~ group/fund综合团体/基金

fork out大量花钱，大把掏钱

slob懒惰而邋遢的人slob out/around游手好闲，无所事事

structure结构，构造;精心组织，周密安排，体系

dispatch派遣，调遣，派出;发出，发送

at short notice随时，没有提前很长时间通知，at two week’s notice提前两周通知

hangover遗留的感觉，如the insecure feeling that was a ~ from her childhood

counterbalance抗衡，抵消;对„„起平衡作用;平衡抵消物，抗衡

全文翻译

与度过了新奇的学业间断年的孩子的父母交谈，他们的眼神中会有一种含糊不清的东西。这一年中有一些危机，即使是目的明确、很有条理的学生，在间断年期间也需要家庭从经济上、情感上和体力上给予帮助。父母眼中的含糊不仅仅是因为让他们的孩子成熟起来的美好经历，也是因为他们自己间接感受到的生活方式。我们都希望在我们那个时代大学前的间断年就已经很时兴了。我们能看着孩子们变得更坚强，更好地准备从上大学中有所收获或者积极地决定他们将做一些除了获得学历之外的事情。

学业间断年现在很时兴，这反映在提供它们的慈善团体和私人公司的数目呈巨额增长。威廉王子在智利吃苦的事情发挥了作用，但这种趋势十年来一直在加强。学业间断年期间的一整套活动从背包旅行开始，包括和慈善团体一起工作，修建医院和学校，以及常见的做语言助教、教英语。然而，随着这种趋势而来的也有危险。一旦父母相信那些学业间断年公司介绍的内容，认为精心安排的一个间断年对于想成为本科生的孩子进入更好的大学，获得高学历，得到令人印象深刻的简历和待遇良好的工作是至关重要的，那么他们就会开始组织并资助间断年期间的活动。

按照学业间断年公司综合机构“走出学业间断年团体”的负责人理查德·奥利弗埃的观点，出现问题往往是因为计划不周。他说，“这可能是公司或学生的责任，但是最保险的方法是作好审慎的准备。当人们把它搞砸时，往往是因为健康问题，尤其是女孩，因为她们从未离开过家，或者期望与现实不符”。

学业间断年的意义在于它应该是离校生开始做自己喜欢做的事情的时候。如果由父母来决定孩子怎样成熟，那么他们不会真地变成熟。如果18岁时变成熟的方式是在伦敦汉普斯泰德石南园中无所事事地晒太阳，或者花上一年时间和康沃尔郡的渔夫一起工作，那么对于另外一个人来说将是有所收获的。然而，多数人却认为进行某种安排是有利的，而且行动的安排者应是学生自己。可锐教育官网http://

如果18岁的年轻人两周前得到父母的通知，被派去加拿大花5,800英镑学习成为一名滑雪教练，回来后可能只会留下很少的感觉。同样的18岁的年轻人，先通过工作赚钱，再用一年中剩下的时间在从新西兰到瑞士的多个避暑胜地执教，回来后申请大学，这样的经历则是完全不同的积极的做法。

四、生态环境恐怖主义

Islamic terrorism may be a distant threat for Shearer Lumber Products, a timber company based in Idaho.But eco-terrorism is a very real one.In November, the Earth Liberation Front , an underground organization, gave warning that it had“spiked”trees in the Nez Perce national forest to protest against logging.Spiking involves hiding metal bars in tree trunks, thereby potentially crippling chain saws and hurting people.More such attacks are expected.How do they fit into America’s war on terrorism?

The nation’s forests have seen a sharp increase in violent incidents—equipment vandalized, people intimidated—over the past ten years.Shearer now carefully inspects every tree before cutting and has been using metal detectors to check every trunk being processed.Yet Ihor Mereszczak, of the Nez Perce Forest Service, says it has been hard to get the FBI’s attention, and investigations have got nowhere.The ELF is only one thread in a web of underground radical environmentalists.Its aim is to inflict as much financial pain as possible on organizations or people who, by its lights, are exploiting the environment.The ELF, though made up of anonymous cells, nonetheless operates a website offering tips on how to cause fires with electric timers.Until recently, it also had a public spokesman.Together with the Animal Liberation Front , which operates along the same lines, the ELF is estimated to be responsible for over $45m-worth of damage in North America over the past few years.In 1998, it caused fires that did $12m-worth of damage in Vail, Colorado, to make the point that the ski resort’s expansion was threatening places where lynxes live.Earlier this year, the ELF burned down the offices of a lumber company in Oregon.Since September 11th, the ALF and ELF have claimed responsibility for starting a fire at a primate research center in New Mexico, releasing mink from an Iowa fur farm, and firebombing a federal corral for wild horses in California.Are they terrorists? The two groups reject the label, claiming to take all precautions against harming “animals, whether humans or not”.But earlier this year Louis Freeh, the FBI’s boss, listed both organizations among the most active domestic terrorist groups.Scott McInnis, the Republican congressman whose district includes Vail, argues it is only a matter of time before somebody gets hurt, and he now expects the FBI to put in more resources.可锐教育官网http://

The House subcommittee on forests, which Mr McInnis heads, will hold a hearing on eco-terrorism in February.But he has annoyed some mainstream green groups by asking them to denounce the ELF’s and ALF’s methods.Greenpeace, for instance, says that its disapproval is self-evident, and resents being asked to express it.Mr.McInnis still wants their answer by December 1st, but the war on eco-terrorism is off to a rocky start.1.What did the ELF do to Shearer Lumber Products?

[A] Hurt its employees.[B] Crippled its equipments.[C] Hid metals in its trees.[D] Protested against its spiking.2.We can infer from the passage that_____.[A] Shearer has experienced many violent incidents [B] new tools have been used to investigate terrorists

[C] FBI has been active in the war on eco-terrorism [D] ELF openly declares its beliefs and ends

3.According to ELF, all of the following are environmentally harmful except_____.[A] causing fire in the houses [B] expanding ski resort [C] doing research on animals [D] invading into animal habitats

4.It is true of radical environmentalists that they_____.[A] aim at causing damage to companies [B] resort to violence to achieve their purpose

[C] will do no harm to real people [D] are divided on opinions about terrorism

5.The best title for the text may be_____.[A] The Green Threat [B] Protecting Forests [C] Earth’s Liberation [D] Terrorism Defeated 答案：1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.A 核心词汇和超纲词汇

spike尖状物，尖头;鞋钉用尖物刺入

cripple使残废，使跛，使成瘸子;严重损坏;伤残人，残疾人，有缺陷的人

vandalize摧残，破坏，任意破坏 可锐教育官网http://

cell牢房;细胞;小隔室;电池;政治小组，基层组织，如a terrorist ~

along/on the lines按„„方式

denounce公开指责，公然抨击，谴责

全文翻译

对于驻爱达荷的希勒木材产品公司来说，伊斯兰恐怖主义也许是遥远的威胁。但是生态恐怖主义是确实存在的威胁。十一月份的时候，地下组织“地球解放阵线” 警告说他已在内兹佩尔塞国家森林的树木中“钉了钉子”以抗议伐木行为。“钉钉子”包括在树干中藏金属棒，从而破坏链锯并有可能伤到人。更多类似的攻击还会发生。它们怎样归入美国对抗恐怖主义的战斗中呢?

过去十年中，国家森林里的暴力事件急剧增多。如今希勒在砍树前仔细检查每一棵树，并一直使用金属探测器检查所有被加工的树干。然而，内兹佩尔塞国家森林服务中心的Ihor Mereszczak说，很难引起美国联邦调查局的注意，调查也毫无进展。

“地球解放阵线”只是地下激进环保主义组织中的一员。它的目的是让那些根据它的标准破坏了环境的个人或组织在经济上尽可能蒙受巨大的损失。该组织虽然由匿名的小组组成，却经营着一个网站就如何用电子计时器纵火给予提示。最近它还有了公共发言人。

“地球解放阵线”和按同一种方式运行的“动物解放阵线”一起，估计在过去几年中造成了多达四千五百万元的损失。比如,1998年“地球解放阵线”在科罗拉多州的唯尔因抗议滑雪胜地的扩建威胁了山猫的居所而放火;今年初它在俄勒冈州又烧毁了一家伐木公司的办公室;以及自九月十一日以来，它和同性质的“动物解放阵线”一起，声称对以下事件负责：新墨西哥州一家灵长类动物研究中心的纵火事件，爱荷华州一家毛皮生产农场的貂被放走事件，加利福尼亚州一个用来圈野马的畜栏遭到燃烧弹攻击事件。

他们是恐怖主义者吗?这两个团体拒绝被称作“恐怖分子”，而且宣称他们会采取一切措施来预防对动物的伤害。但是今年初，联邦调查局局长路易·弗里将两个组织列为国内最活跃的恐怖主义组织。共和党籍众议员麦克伊尼斯所在区包括唯尔，认为迟早会有人受到伤害，现在他期望联邦调查局局投入更多的资源。

麦克伊尼斯领导的“森林小组委员会”将在二月份召开生态恐怖主义的听证会。但是，他已经触怒了一些主流的绿色组织，因为他要求它们公开谴责“地球解放阵线”和“动物解放阵线”的做法。比如，“绿色和平”组织宣称它的反对是不言而明的，并对被要求表态表示气愤。麦克伊尼斯先生仍然要求他们在11月1日给出回答，关于生态恐怖主义的战斗有了一个开端。

篇2：2018年可锐考研英语阅读真题解析

2018年可锐考研英语阅读真题范文

（一）Democrats and global warming

A RECENT sketch on Saturday Night Live suggested how the world would be if Al Gore had won the presidency in 2000.In the last six years we have been able to stop global warming, intoned Mr Gore.No one could have predicted the negative results of this.Glaciers that once were melting are now on the attack.Nerdy environmentalism is Mr Gore s forte.He would have ridden that hobby horse in the 2000 campaign, according to Joe Klein in Politics Lost , if his political consultants had not muzzled him.Now, almost alone, he has brought his favourite issue back into the political spotlight.His film about the horrors of global warming, An Inconvenient Truth , opened this week in Los Angeles and New York.With it comes inevitable talk of another try at the presidency.Mr Gore consistently waves that away.But other prominent Democrats are raising their voices for the cause.This week Senator Hillary Clinton urged action on global warming in a big speech on energy policy in Washington, DC.Notably, she praised Mr Gore as a committed visionary on global warming for more than two decades.Last week, her husband Bill told graduates at the University of Texas s public affairs school in Austin-as temperatures outside soared to 34°C-that Climate change is more remote than terror, but a more profound threat.Do voters care? Although a Gallup poll this spring found that 67% of respondents thought the quality of the environment was getting worse , climate change is hardly in the class of Iraq or health care.And it is still rare for politicians to mention it on the stump.Bill Ritter, the Democratic nominee for governor in Colorado, notes that global warming is a worry for the ski industry in his state-but says his audiences care more about the quality of their water or their air.Most midwestern politicians nowadays cannot talk enough about alternative fuels, but they link them to the economy rather than climate change, hoping for a boost for local corn or soyabean farmers.A few bad hurricanes may change that indifference.The 2006 season begins next week, and federal meteorologists predict it will be particularly nasty.Although conservatives have vigorously disputed the link between global warming and last year s dreadful storms, another Katrina could push people over the edge.Gregg Easterbrook of the Brookings Institution, a think tank, says that politicians also need a new tack.Instead of dwelling on gloom and doom, they should appeal to American optimism, emphasising that the problem can probably be solved after all, and cheaper and faster than anyone thinks.And what about conservatives? George Bush has recently conceded that America is addicted to oil , but he still argues about the causes of global warming.John McCain, another possible presidential contender in 2008, has been out in front.He has sponsored legislation for cap and trade emissions of greenhouse gases, and declared in a recent speech in Phoenix that Climate 可锐教育官网http://

change is real and is having a major impact on our way of life.二．

Senate inquiry in loan case is studying stock transfer

An Education Department official and financial aid directors at three universities received stock in a student loan company from the company s current president in what may have been a violation of securities law, Senate aides looking into the transactions say.In various documents that have been turned over to staff members working for Senator Edward M.Kennedy, the president of the company described the transfers as gifts.But at least one recipient of the shares has said he paid for the stock.Because the executive, Fabrizio Balestri of Student Loan Xpress, had acquired the shares in a private placement of stock that restricts how it can be transferred, the gifts-or sale-may have run afoul of federal securities laws, said Mr.Kennedy, the Massachusetts Democrat who heads the Senate education committee.Yesterday he called on federal regulators to investigate the transactions.The senator s staff has been investigating relations between loan companies and universities.The disclosures last week that the financial aid administrators owned the stock have prompted concerns that they had an incentive to steer students to the loan company.The government official helped oversee lenders in the federal student loan program.The documents describing the transfers of stock as gifts were signed by Mr.Balestri and his wife.They contradict what one financial aid director said in an interview last week.That official, Lawrence Burt of the University of Texas at Austin, said he had paid $1,000 for 1,500 shares.Mr.Burt could not be reached for comment last night.Mr.Balestri transferred stock not only to Mr.Burt but also to David Charlow, financial aid director for Columbia s undergraduate college and its engineering school;Catherine Thomas, director of financial aid at the University of Southern California;and Matteo Fontana, general manager in a unit of the Office of Federal Student Aid at the Department of Education.In recent days, all four have been put on leave by their employers.Senate aides said that for each $10,000 in the private placement, investors had received 10,000 shares and 5,000 warrants, or options to purchase additional stock before a certain date, in Education Lending Group, which was then the parent of Student Loan Xpress.Mr.Balestri obtained $80,000 worth of stock and kept none of it, according to the documents.In a personal list called memorandums of gift , he wrote that he gave away 80,000 shares to 16 people on Dec.31, 2001.That was one day before he began work at the company as its president.可锐教育官网http://

The 2001 private placement raised $3.7 million for Education Lending and was authorized by that company s chief executive, Robert deRose.At the time, the stock was trading between $1 and $2 a share.It is not clear who purchased the rest of the shares or whether anyone else at the company had knowledge of Mr.Balestri s transfers.violation

n.违反, 违背, 妨碍, 侵害, [体]违例

afoul

a.冲撞的，纠缠的ad.冲突着, 碰撞着

securities law证券法

steer

v.驾驶，掌舵

[真题例句] Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as steering the economy to a soft landing or a touch on the brakes , makes it sound like a precise science.[1997年阅读5]

[例句精译] 很多用来描述货币政策的词，如 引导经济软着陆、经济刹车，使货币政策听起来像是一门精确的科学。

warrant

n.①正当理由;②许可证，委任状;v.保证，担保

三．

The world since September 11th

IT STANDS to reason that 19 men cannot change history.But they did.Five years and two Americanled wars later, the world created by the September 11th hijackers is a darker place than almost anyone predicted at the start of the new century.Al Qaeda itself may have been battered and dispersed, but the idea it stands for has spread its poison far and wide.The essence of that idea, so far as a coherent one can be distilled from the ferment of broadcasts and fat was issued by Osama bin Laden and his disciples, is that Islam is everywhere under attack by the infidel and that every Muslim has a duty to wage holy war, jihad, in its defence.America is deemed a special target for having trespassed on the Arab heartland.可锐教育官网http://

篇3：2018年可锐考研英语阅读真题解析

Part A：传统阅读

Part A部分主要包括四篇传统阅读文章，笔者将从文章来源、解题原则和题型分析三个方面对这一部分进行讲解和评析。

文章来源

纵观历年考研英语传统阅读部分的真题，考生可以发现，这些阅读篇章通常来源于英美报刊的网站，例如《经济学人》(The Economist)、《新闻周刊》(Newsweek)、《时代周刊》(Time)以及《美国新闻与世界报道》(US News and World Report)等。所选的这些文章一般是近几年发表的，选题多是考生熟悉的人文科学、社会科学等，并不回避社会热点。

在本次考试中，Text 1选自《时代周刊》2011年4月的一篇文章，原文题目为“Herd Mentality”，主要谈论的是从众心理，属于社会生活类文章。Text 2选自Boston.com网站2011年4月的一篇文章，原文题目为“Vermont Yankee Plant’s Owner Must Honor Its Own Promises”，主要谈论的是美国某能源公司违背承诺的事，属于商业经济类文章。Text 3选自《科学家》(The Scientist) 2011年2月的一篇文章，原文题目为“The Evolution of Credibility”，全文围绕科学发现的可信性的证实过程这一话题展开论述，属于科普类文章。Text 4选自《经济学人》2011年3月的一篇文章，原文题目为“Enemies of Progress”，主要讲述了工会阻碍公共部门改革的问题，属于社会生活类文章。

在备考过程中，考生可以从著名的英文报刊网站上选择一些与考试中出现的篇幅相仿(400～500词左右)、话题类似的文章进行阅读练习，提前熟悉文章的语言风格、行文难度、思维逻辑和论述方法，这样在考试时就不会感觉陌生了。

解题原则

在本次的传统阅读部分，考生可以按照以往的解题思路答题：运用关键词定位原则和同义替换原则。下面我们逐一解析。

解题前——关键词定位原则

在解答传统阅读题目时，很多考生喜欢先细读文章，再去看题目，认为只有这样答题时才觉得心里有底。但由于个别词句和段落较难理解，运用这种方法的考生往往会迷失在阅读篇章的过程中，最后的结果是没有抓住文章中的重点信息，答题正确率也不高。在答题前，笔者建议考生先看题目，根据题目中的关键词回原文定位答案区域，即运用关键词定位原则。出题者在设置题干时通常会使用一些关键词，这些词是考生回原文寻找正确答案的线索，可以帮助考生找到答案出处。关键词通常包括明显的段落提示词、专有名词、数字、核心动词、时间等。考生可以利用关键词迅速回原文定位答案区域。例如，此次考试中，Text 2讲述的是新英格兰一家公司购买了核电站后，不遵守核能源的一些相关规定而引发的争议。考生在解答与文章对应的第26题至第30题时，就可以利用reneging on (Line 3, Para.1)、the 2002 agreement、Paragraph 4、the Vermont case、the last paragraph等题干关键词依次而下地将答案信息定位至原文第一、三、四、五和最后一段中。明确了每道题的答案区域之后，考生在解题时就不会再受到其他无关信息的干扰，可以通过仔细阅读答案所在的段落或区域，把原文内容与选项逐一对比，进行解题。

解题时——同义替换原则

考生在解题过程中要注意，出题者在设置正确选项时都是以原文内容为基础的，有的是选项直接用原文词句，有的是对原文句式进行了改写，但更多的是运用改写的方法对原文进行了同义替换，以增加试题的难度。因此，考生解题时首先要把握住原文句子的基本含义，然后在四个选项中寻找与原文内容一致的信息。下面我们以本次考试Text 3中的第31题为例进行具体分析。

例：According to the first paragraph, the process of discovery is characterized by its _________.

[A] uncertainty and complexity

[B] misconception and deceptiveness

[C] logicality and objectivity

[D] systematicness and regularity

解析：根据题干关键词first paragraph和the process of discovery，考生很容易在文章第一段中找到该题的答案区域，即原文第一段第二句话：“But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route.”通过把原文和四个选项对比，考生可以发现，原文中的ambiguous and complicated与选项A中的uncertainty and complexity属同义替换，所以选项A为正确答案。

但此处笔者要提醒考生注意一点，出题人在设置选项时也会设置一些看似但并非是同义替换的干扰选项，给考生的答题造成一定难度，比如加大或缩小原文所述概念的范围。这就需要考生仔细对照选项与原文，谨慎答题。

题型分析

按照考研英语大纲的要求，传统阅读部分主要考查以下六种题型：细节题、主旨题、猜词题、态度题、推断题、例证题。虽然考查的题型众多，但是笔者提醒考生在备考过程中要分清主次，练习时应以细节题为主，其他题型只要能掌握大致的答题方法即可，因为其他题型的出题量很少。此次考试也印证了传统阅读部分仍以考查细节题为主的出题思路。

细节题主要考查考生对文中事实信息的理解和掌握，是考试中出现次数最多的题型。细节题有难有易，对于较容易的题目，考生可以根据题干关键词回原文定位答案区域，然后根据原文相关句子直接得出正确答案；对于较难的题目，考生需在回原文定位答案区域后，再根据原文内容进行推断，得出正确答案。正确解答这类题的关键是考生要耐心和细心。笔者在此提醒各位考生，备考时一定要把单词和句法复习透彻，以防因不认识个别词或看不清句式结构而导致失分过多。在本次Text 1后所给的五道题目中，前四题均为细节题，只有最后一题为态度题。接下来，我们以Text 1的一道细节题为例来具体分析。

例：In the author’s view, Rosenberg’s book fails to ________.

[A] adequately probe social and biological factors

[B] effectively evade the flaws of the social cure

[C] illustrate the functions of state funding

[D] produce a long-lasting social effect

解析：根据题干关键词Rosenberg’s book，考生可将该题的答案区域定位至文章第四段第二句：“Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful.”通过将原文和四个选项对比，考生可以发现，题干中的fails to是对原文not enough的同义替换，选项A中的probe是对原文exploration的同义替换，原文中的social and biological factors在选项A中原词复现。所以，本题正确答案为选项A。

Part B：新题型

考研英语阅读理解Part B部分主要考查考生对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征以及文章结构的理解。该部分题型有如下三种，每年出题者会从中选取一种进行考查。

①选择搭配题(7选5)：出题者给出一篇总长度为500～600词的文章，其中有五处空白，要求考生根据文章内容，从文后所给出的6～7段文字中选择恰当的五段填入原文空白处。

②段落排序题：出题者给出一篇长约500～600词的文章，文章各段落的原有顺序被打乱，要求考生根据文章内容和结构将所列段落(7～8段)重新排序。

③标题对应题：在一篇长度约500词的文章前或后有6～7个概括句或小标题，分别是对文章中某一部分的概括或阐述，要求考生根据文章内容从中选出最恰当的五个填入文章的空白处。

考研英语阅读理解继2005年开始考查新题型以来，选择搭配题(7选5)被考查的次数最多，段落排序题次之，标题对应题考查次数最少。2012年考研英语阅读理解新题型考的就是选择搭配题(7选5)。对于如何快速、正确地解答选择搭配题(7选5)，笔者建议考生可以遵循以下步骤。

第一步，快速浏览全文，把握文章大致内容。

考生在阅读新题型文章时，一定要注意文章首段和全文重点词句(一些专有名词、段首句或段尾句)，通过首段和重点词句判断文章的大意。如果考生在短时间内无法掌握文章所讲的要点，理不清文章的整体结构，不知道文章的主旨大意是什么，那最好不要再重新阅读，以免浪费时间，此时建议考生边做题边阅读原文。就2012年的新题型来说，出题者所选的文章内容通俗易懂，结构也比较清晰。文章选自《新科学家》(New Scientist) 2011年7月的一篇题为“How Computers Can Cure Cultural Diabetes”的文章，主要讲的是计算机改变人们被动消费的趋势，属于社会生活类文章。

第二步，利用句间关系解题。

在解题过程中，考生要重点阅读原文空白处附近的句子，并在原文圈定关键的线索词(包括名词、动词、连词、代词等)，最后从各选项中寻找在内容和语法结构上都与原文衔接合理的选项，确定答案。

第三步，回原文检查，验证所选答案。

得出答案后，考生需将答案放回到原文中，通读全文，检查所选答案是否与文章主题一致，从而验证所选答案是否正确。

下面我们以2012年新题型第41题为例来具体分析。

例：The second half of the 20th century saw a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labor to create a fabulous machine that could function as a typewriter and printing press, studio and theatre, paintbrush and gallery, piano and radio, the mail as well as the mail carrier. 41

篇4：2018年可锐考研英语阅读真题解析

2018年可锐考研英语阅读专项练习

（四）Angyal described the case of a man with a domineering father who showed extreme swings of mood in relation to his son.At times, he was affectionate, played with the child, and told him interesting and imaginative stories.At other times he showed violent outbursts of rage and would beat his son so badly that the child thought he would be killed.The boy had numerous fantasies, including one in which his father was killed by a cunning bandit who came to the house cleverly disguised as the father.As Angyal put it, the fantasy dramatized the child’s confusion as to whether he was living in a loving house or in a cruel, alien world that merely masqueraded as pleasant.The fantasy was aimed at dispelling his confusion about the father, whose behaviour made him both God and devil.But this daydream ,implying the murder and loss of the underlying good father,was unacceptable to the boy and failed to solve his doubts.He began to behave compulsively, such as making sure when out walking to step only on stones and never to walk on the bare earth a magical hope of resolving his confusion.Once as he walked in the backyard he ran out of stones to step on and suddenly stood stuck still on the last stone between the yard and his rear steps.He stayed there for an hour until finally his father came and picked him up, freeing him from his immobility.Once the boy overheard his father saying I live only for the family only to hear his grandfather say: No, you only live for yourself!All of these seeming contradictions made the boy grow into a man endlessly shifting back and forth between positions, unable to take a stand except on irrelevant and unimportant issues in daily life.Angyal explained the boy’s fantasy as _____.A.his wish to kill his father B.his eagerness to be loved C.resulting from lack of love D.his confused feeling towards his father The expression masqueraded as pleasant is closest in meaning to _____.A.was described as being pleasant B.was mistaken as being pleasant C.appeared pleasant D.turned out to be pleasant 可锐教育官网http://

The story of the boy’s walking on the stones shows that _____.A.he wished to solve his problem B.he wanted to get his father killed C.he wished that his father could help him D.he was emotionally tolerated and had gone crazy What the grandfather said _____.A.made it clear that the father was very selfish B.proved that the father had a distorted character C.confirmed the boy in his belief D.made the boy even more confused

The subject of my study is women who are initiating social change in a small region in Texas.The women are Mexican Americans who are, or were, migrant agricultural workers.There is more than one kind of innovation at work in the region, of course, but I have chosen to focus on three related patterns of family behavior.The pattern I life style represents how migrant farm workers of all nationalities lived in the past and how many continue to live.I treat this pattern as a baseline with which to compare the changes represented by pattern II and III.Families in pattern I work and travel in extended kin units, with the eldest male occupying the position of authority.Families are large-eight or none children are not unusual-and all members are economic contributors in this strategy of family migration.Families in pattern II manifest some differences in behavior while still maintaining aspects of pattem I.They continue to migrate but on a reduced scale, often modifying their schedules of migration to allow children to finish the school year.Parents in this pattern often find temporary local jobs as checkers to make up for lost farming income.Pattern II families usually have fewer children than do pattern I families.The greatest amount of change from pattern I, however, is in pattern III families, who no longer migrate at all.Both parents work full time in the area and have an average of three children.Children attend school for the entire year.In pattern III, the women in particular create new roles for themselves for which no local models exist.They no only work full time but may, in addition, return to school.They also assume a greater responsibility in family decisions than do women in the other patterns.Although these women are in the minority among residents of the 可锐教育官网http://

region, they serve as role models for others, causing moderate changes to spread in their communities.Now opportunities have continued to be determined by preexisting values.When federal jobs became available in the region, most involved working under the direction of female professionals such as teachers or nurses.Such positions were unaccepted to many men in the area because they were not accustomed to being subordinate to women.Women therefore took the jobs, at first, because the income was desperately needed.But some of the women decided to stay at their jobs, at first, after the family’s distress was over.These women enjoyed their work, its responsibility, and the companionship of fellow women workers.The steady, relatively high income allowed their families to stop migrating.And, as the benefits to these women became increasingly apparent, they and their families became even more willing to consider changes in their lives that they would not have considered before.Which of the following titles best reflects the main focus of the passage?

A.A Survey of Three Mexican American Families at Work in Texas.B.Innovative Career Women: Effects on Family Unity.C.Changes in the Life styles of Migrant Mexican American Families.D.Farming of Family: The Unavoidable Choice for Migrant Farm Workers.All of the following statements about pattern II children express differences EXCEPT _____.A.they migrate for part of each year

B.they spend less time contributing to family income

C.they spend more months on school

D.their parents sometimes work at jobs other than farming

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of women in pattern III families?

A.They earn a reliable and compartively high income.B.They continue to work solely to meet the urgent needs of their family.C.They enjoy the fellowship involved in working with other women

D.They serve as models of behavior for others in the region.可锐教育官网http://

The author’s attitude towards the three patterns of behavior mentioned in the passage is best described as one of _____.A.great admiration

B.unbiased objectivity

C.dissatisfaction

篇5：2018年可锐考研英语阅读真题解析

2018年可锐考研英语阅读文章精选

（九）The view from the top, and bottom

老板与员工的意见分歧

Bosses think their firms are caring.Their minions disagree.老板们认为公司对员工关怀备至，但其下属却不以为然。

AS WALMART grew into the world s largest retailer, its staff were subjected to a long list ofdos and don ts covering every aspect of their work.随着沃尔玛发展成为全球最大零售商，其员工在工作的各方各面都受到了一大堆规则的限制。

Now the firm has decided that its rules-based culture is too inflexible to cope with thechallenges of globalisation and technological change，如今，沃尔玛已经认识到其以规则为基础的公司文化过于死板，无法应对全球化和科技变革所带来的挑战。

and is trying to instil a values-based culture, in which employees can be trusted to do theright thing because they know what the firm stands for.所以，沃尔玛正尝试逐渐培养一种以价值观为基础的公司文化，在这种文化中，员工了解公司的主张，所以能够得到公司的信任，去做他们认为正确的事情。

Values is the latest hot topic in management thinking.价值观念 是管理学思维最新的热门话题。

PepsiCo has started preaching a creed of performance with purpose.百事可乐公司已开始宣扬一个信条： 目的性绩效。

Chevron, an oil firm, brands itself as a purveyor of human energy , though presumably itdoes not really want you to travel by rickshaw.石油公司雪佛龙在自己的商标上印上 ‘人类体能 的供应商 的字样，尽管它大概并非真的希望你用人力车代步。

Nearly every big firm claims to be building a more caring and ethical culture.可锐教育官网http://

几乎每一家大型企业都宣称自身正在发展更为关怀体贴、合乎道德的企业文化。

A new study suggests there is less to this than it says on the label.一项新的研究显示，实际情况与商家们所标榜的有差距。

Commissioned by Dov Seidman, boss of LRN, a firm that advises on corporate culture, andauthor of How ，LRN的老板、同时也是《怎么做到的?》

a book arguing that the way firms do business matters as much as what they do, andconducted by the Boston Research Group, the National Governance, Culture and LeadershipAssessment is based on a survey of thousands of American employees, from every rung ofthe corporate ladder.的作者多弗?塞德曼委托波士顿研究集团进行这项 国家治理、文化和领导能力评估 的研究，该研究是以对来自公司各个级别的数千位美国雇员的调查为基础的。

It found that 43% of those surveyed described their company s culture as based oncommand-and-control, top-down management or leadership by coercion—what MrSeidman calls blind obedience.研究发现，有43%的调查对象对其公司的文化有以下描述：以命令和指挥为基础、自上而下的管理模式或强制式的领导——塞德曼先生称之为 盲目服从型。

The largest category, 54%, saw their employer s culture as top-down, but with skilledleadership, lots of rules and a mix of carrots and sticks, which Mr Seidman calls informedacquiescence.所占百分比最多的调查对象，即有54%的人认为其公司文化自上而下型的，但公司的领导也有技巧可言，只是规则繁多并存在软硬兼施的手段，塞德曼先生称这种为 知情服从型。

Only 3% fell into the category of self-governance , in which everyone is guided by a set ofcore principles and values that inspire everyone to align around a company s mission.只有3%的调查对象属于 自我管理型，即每个员工都被一套 核心原则和价值 所引导，这套原则和价值激励每个员工以公司的宗旨为中心进行工作。

The study found evidence that such differences matter.研究也发现一些证据，证明这些公司文化之间的差异事关重大。

Nearly half of those in blind-obedience companies said they had observed 可锐教育官网http://

unethicalbehaviour in the previous year, compared with around a quarter in the other sorts of firm.在盲目服从型企业中，几乎有过半数员工都称在前一年目睹过有违职业道德的行为，而在其他类型的企业中只有四分之一的员工有此经历。

Yet only a quarter of those in the blind-obedience firms said they were likely to blow thewhistle, compared with over 90% in self-governing firms.但是，在盲目服从型企业中只有约四分之一的员工说他们可能会揭发这种行为，而在自我管理型企业中却有90%的员工会进行揭发。

Lack of trust may inhibit innovation, too.同样，上下级之间缺乏信任会抑制员工创新。

More than 90% of employees in self-governing firms, and two-thirds in the informed-acquiescence category, agreed that good ideas are readily adopted by my company.自我管理型公司中超过90%的员工承认 绝妙的想法很容易会被公司采纳，选择性顺从型公司中也有三分之二的员工这样认为。

At blind-obedience firms, fewer than one in five did.而在盲目服从型公司中，持这种想法的人少于五分之一。

Tragicomically, the study found that bosses often believe their own guff, even if theirunderlings do not.令人哭笑不得的是，研究还发现老板们时常对自己瞎掰的那一套信以为真，即便员工们不以为然。

Bosses are eight times more likely than the average to believe that their organisation is self-governing.老板们相信其公司是自我管理型公司的程度比普通员工高八倍。

Some 27% of bosses believe their employees are inspired by their firm.大约27%的老板认为自己公司的员工能够被公司所激励。

Alas, only 4% of employees agree.奈何，只有4%的员工同意此说。可锐教育官网http://

Likewise, 41% of bosses say their firm rewards performance based on values rather thanmerely on financial results.同样，41%的老板称其公司对绩效的奖励是建基于价值观之上的，而不仅是业绩。

Only 14% of employees swallow this.然而只有14%的员工接受此说。

二．

A big, bad business

点肥成金不现实

Medical firms struggle to profit from weight-loss treatments

制药公司试图从减肥治疗中获利

OBESITY is an epidemic to some and an opportunity to others.肥胖症对某些人来说是传染病，对别的一些人来说则是机遇。

More than two-thirds of Americans are overweight.超过三分之二的美国人已经超重。

Find a way to battle the bulge and a huge profit might be made.找个办法和肥胖对抗，说必定就此大赚一笔。

On February 22nd one pharmaceutical firm, Vivus, took a small step towards this goal.找个办法和肥胖对抗，说必定就此大赚一笔。

A committee advising America s Food and Drug Administration recommended that itapprove Vivus s diet drug, Qnexa.2月22日，Vivus制药公司朝着这个目标前进了一步。给美国食品药物管理局做咨询的一家委员会推荐，Vivus公司的减肥药Qnexa。

However, the pill s long-awaited final approval may not come until April, if at all.可锐教育官网http://

但是，如果获得批准，该药品的漫长的最终肯定直到四月份才会到来。

The announcement mostly served as a reminder of what a struggle it is to turn fat intogold.公告主要是提醒人们，这是一场点肥成金的抗争。

Pharmaceutical and medical-device companies are quite good at treating the conditions thatcome with obesity.制药和医疗器械公司非常善于解决肥胖带来的问题。

However, they are dismal at helping consumers lose weight.但是他们无法帮助消费者战胜肥胖本身，减少体重。

This is not for lack of trying.这不是因为缺乏尝试。

Take the curious case of the gastric band.以古怪的胃部束带为例。

Bariatric surgery can lead to weight loss in the long term.Hospitals can make money fromall bariatric procedures, including gastric bypasses , but the gastric band is a rareexample of an opportunity for device-makers to profit from weight loss.肥胖治疗手术可以帮助患者在较长的时间内减少体重。医院就是从这些减肥疗程中赚钱，包括胃绕道手术，但是胃部束带却是一个罕见的例子，被当成一个器械制造商用来从减肥中赚钱的法子。

Allergan, best known for selling Botox, has tried to use its Lap-Band to tap the obesitymarket.Allergan公司以销售肉毒杆菌而出名，尝试用产品Lap-Band打入减肥市场。

It is an inflatable loop which the surgeon fits near the top of the stomach, which helps thepatient feel sated earlier.Lap-Band是一圈松紧带，外科医生可以用它绕住患者胃的上部，这样患者会提前有腹饱感。

Allergan has captured about 70% of the worldwide market for gastric bands and balloons, 可锐教育官网http://

butsales are now shrinking.Allergan公司在全球胃部束带和充气袋市场占有率达70%，但是如今销量却有所下降。

The recession has sapped consumers desire for expensive surgery.经济不景气让消费者忍住做昂贵的手术的欲望。

Some patients have had bands removed because they slipped or proved ineffective.有些病人甚至连束带也不用了，因为束带打滑或者没有效果。

Last year the FDA approved the Lap-Band s use in patients who are only slightly overweight,but insurers have refused to pay.去年，美国食品药物管理局同意，微超重病人使用 Lap-Band，但是保险公司却拒绝付款。

In January David Pyott, Allergan s chief executive, said he would scrap an effort to marketthe band for teenagers.一月份，Allergan公司首席执行官David Pyott说，他将放弃在年轻人束带市场的努力。

He is now trying to convince insurers of Lap-Band s merits, arguing that the $20,000surgery is recouped in saved medical costs within four years.他目前试图让保险公司也看到Lap-Band的优点，他认为两万美元手术费可以在四年之内通过减少医疗支出收回。

There is some scepticism about his chances of success: The fact that banding is not as goodas bypass has been known by everybody except the PR firms for the band, says LeeKaplan, director of the Weight Centre at Massachusetts General Hospital.至今仍有人怀疑他是否能成功：“事实上使用束带不必胃绕道手术好，所有人都知道，除了束带的公关公司，”马萨诸塞州中心医院体重中心主任Lee Kaplan如是说。

Drug companies have had even more trouble than device-makers.制药公司的麻烦甚至比医疗器械公司的还要多。

It has been 13 years since the FDA approved a prescription diet pill.从美国食品药物管理局批准减肥药为处方药到如今已经过了十三年。可锐教育官网http://

That drug, Roche s Xenical, has notorious gastrointestinal side-effects.瑞士罗氏制药公司的Xenical臭名昭著，该药会引发胃肠功能的副作用。

The FDA rejected Vivus s Qnexa in 2010 over concerns for the safety of pregnant women andthe quickening of patients heart rates.美国食品药物管理局于2010年拒绝批准Vivus公司的Qnexa，因为担心该药对孕妇的安全造成伤害，担心该药会加快患者的心率。

Vivus s new data apparently satisfied the FDA s advisory committee.Vivus公司新的数据显然让管理局的咨询委员会满意。

However, the agency may yet reject the drug.但是该局还是可能拒绝批准该药。

Even if Qnexa is approved, it is unclear that patients will buy it.就算Qnexa获得批准，患者会不会买账仍不明了。

Qnexa combines two treatments that are already on the market.Qnexa结合了两种市面上上有的疗效。

Both medicines are generic, which means that doctors may prescribe the existing drugsrather than Qnexa s more expensive version.这两种药物都是非专利药，这说明医生可能会给患者开已有的药而不选择Qnexa，后者更贵。