八年级下期末数学答案（共6篇）
篇1：八年级下期末数学答案
一 、听力 20
1—5 ABBBA 6—10 CCBCB
11—15 CBACA 16—20 ACBAC
二、选择15 ABADC DDBBD CBDAD
三、 完型填空15 CBCDC ABDDC BCABD
四、阅读20 ABDCB CCBAD
五、任务型阅读1. How/Ways 2. Tips/Advice 3 believe 4 confident 5 things/results
6. success 7. studying 8. cover 9. check /test 10. preparations
六、阅读表达
七、1. Chinese people 2. Leaves.
3. They are usually made of cloth or paper.
4. In April. 5. Spying, fighting, fishing
七、词汇 purpose grammar separate shapes education developing successfully proudest were sent expressing
八、首字母填空 1.seem 2.such 3.from 4.changed 5.surprise
6.students 7.themselves 8.another 9.least 10.believes
九、书面表达
With the development of the society, to learn well is not the only thing a student should do. To be a qualified(合格的) middle school student, I think we have a lot of things to do.
First, we usually learn to look after ourselves. We should work to high standards and we are modest and easy to work with. Second, we should have good reading habits to improve ourselves. Third,we should pay attention to protecting the environment. We must not drop litter carelessly. We had better go to school on foot or by bicycle. Fourth, we should learn about good table manners and behave politely. We should wait for everyone to finish before you leave the table. We should queue, we must not push in before others.
Moreover,in our spare time,we should care about the disabled and give them a chance to show their skills to the public.Also,we should go out to enjoy the beauty of nature in order to understand the importance of protecting nature.
In a word,if we follow the advice,we will make a big difference to ourselves.The more we act,the better we will improve.
篇2：八年级下期末数学答案
数学试卷
一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题3分，共36分．
1．下列各图能表示y是x的函数是（）
2．下列各式中正确的是（）
A． =±4 B． =2 C． =3 D． =
3．在端午节到来之前，学校食堂推荐了A，B，C三家粽子专卖店，对全校师生爱吃哪家店的粽子作调查，以决定最终向哪家店采购，下面的统计量中最值得关注的是（）
A．方差 B．平均数 C．众数 D．中位数
4．一次函数y=﹣x+2的图象不经过的象限是（）
A．第一象限 B．第二象限 C．第三象限 D．第四象限
5．下列各组数据中的三个数，可作为三边长构成直角三角形的是（）
A．4，5，6 B．2，3，4 C．11，12，13 D．8，15，17
6．将一次函数y=﹣2x+4的图象平移得到图象的函数关系式为y=﹣2x，则移动方法为（）
A．向上平移4个单位 B．向下平移4个单位
C．向左平移4个单位 D．向右平移4个单位
7．如图，在ABCD中，对角线AC、BD交于点O，点E是BC的中点．若OE=3cm，则AB的长为（）
A．3cm B．6cm C．9cm D．12cm
8．如图，过A点的一次函数的图象与正比例函数y=2x的图象相交于点B，则这个一次函数的解析式是（）
A．y=﹣x+3 B．y=－2x+3 C．y=2x﹣3 D．y=－x-
39．如图，在数轴上点A表示的数为a，则a的值为（）
A． B．﹣ C．1﹣ D．﹣1+
10．如图象中所反映的过程是：张强从家跑步去体育场，在那里锻炼了一阵后，又去早餐店吃早餐，然后散步走回家，其中x表示时间，y表示张强离家的距离．根据图象提供的信息，以下四个说法错误的是（）
A．体育场离张强家3.5千米
B．张强在体育场锻炼了15分钟
C．体育场离早餐店1.5千米
D．张强从早餐店回家的平均速度是3千米/小时
11．如图，在菱形ABCD中，E是AB边上一点，且∠A=∠EDF=60°，有下列结论：①AE=BF；②△DEF是等边三角形；③△BEF是等腰三角形；④∠ADE=∠BEF，其中结论正确的个数是（）
A．3 B．4 C．1 D．
212．将2×2的正方形网格如图放置在平面直角坐标系中，每个小正方形的顶点称为格点，每个小正方形的边长都是1，正方形ABCD的顶点都在格点上．若直线y=kx（k≠0）与正方形ABCD有公共点，则k的取值范围是（）
A．k≤2 B． C． D．
二、填空题：共8小题，每小题3分，共24分．
13．如果 有意义，那么字母x的取值范围是 ．
14．点（﹣1，y1）、（2，y2）是直线y=2x+1上的两点，则y1 y2（填“＞”或“=”或“＜”）．
15．如图，菱形ABCD的边长是2cm，E是AB的中点，且DE丄AB，则菱形ABCD的面积为 cm2．
16．已知两条线段的长分别为 cm、cm，那么能与它们组成直角三角形的第三条线段的长是 ．
17．如图，△ABC中，AB=AC，BC=12cm，点D在AC上，DC=4cm．将线段DC沿着CB的方向平移7cm得到线段EF，点E，F分别落在边AB，BC上，则△EBF的周长为 cm．
18．一次函数y1=kx+b与y2=x+a的图象如图，则下列结论：①k＜0；②a＞0；③关于x的方程kx﹣x=a﹣b的解是x=3；④当x＜3时，y1＜y2中．则正确的序号有 ．
19．如图，矩形纸片ABCD中，AD=1，将纸片折叠，使顶点A与CD边上的点E重合，折痕FG分别与AD、AB交于点F、G，若DE=，则EF的长为 ．
20．在△ABC中，AB=6，AC=8，BC=10，P为边BC上一动点，PE⊥AB于E，PF⊥AC于F，M为EF中点，则AM的最小值为 ．
三、解答题：共6小题，共60分．
21．（8分）计算：（2 ﹣）2+（+2）÷ ．
22．（8分）某校为了备战2018体育中考，因此在八年级抽取了50名女学生进行“一分钟仰卧起坐”测试，测试的情况绘制成表格如下：
个数 16 22 25 28 29 30 35 37 40 42 45 46
人数 2 1 7 18 1 9 5 2 1 1 1
2（1）通过计算算得出这50名女学生进行“一分钟仰卧起坐”的平均数是，请写出这50名女学生进行“一分钟仰卧起坐”的众数和中位数，它们分别是、．
（2）学校根据测试数据规定八年级女学生“一分钟仰卧起坐”的合格标准为28次，已知该校五年级有女生250名，试估计该校五年级女生“一分钟仰卧起坐”的合格人数是多少？
23．（10分）在平面直角坐标系中，现将一块等腰直角三角板ABC放在第一象限，斜靠在两条坐标轴上，且点A（0，2），点C（1，0），BE⊥x轴于点E，一次函数y=x+b经过点B，交y轴于点D．
（1）求证：△AOC≌△CEB；
（2）求△ABD的面积．
24．（12分）已知：如图，在矩形ABCD中，M，N分别是边AD，BC的中点，E，F分别是线段BM，CM的中点．
（1）求证：△ABM≌△DCM；
（2）判断四边形MENF是什么特殊四边形，并证明你的结论；
（3）当AD：AB= 时，四边形MENF是正方形（只写结论，不需证明）．
25．（10分）某校实行学案式教学，需印制若干份数学学案，印刷厂有甲、乙两种收费方式，除按印数收取印刷费外，甲种方式还需收取制版费而乙种不需要．两种印刷方式的费用y（元）与印刷份数x（份）之间的关系如图所示：
（1）填空：甲种收费的函数关系式是 ．
乙种收费的函数关系式是 ．
（2）该校某年级每次需印制100～450（含100和450）份学案，选择哪种印刷方式较合算？
26．（12分）如图①，△ABC是等腰直角三角形，∠BAC=90°，AB=AC，四边形ADEF是正方形，点B、C分别在AD、AF上，此时BD=CF，BD⊥CF成立．
（1）如图②，i）当△ABC绕点A逆时针旋转θ（0°＜θ＜90°）时，线段BD与线段CF的数量关系是 ；直线BD与直线CF的位置关系是 ．
ii）请利用图②证明上述结论．
篇3：八年级下期末自测题
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。(每小题1分,共20分)
()1.No one can help you all the time.You should be______control of your life.
A.for B.at C.on D.in
()2.There was something wrong with his car and he repaired it______himself.
A.on B.to C.by D.with
()3.The hotel provides a shoe cleaning service______guests.
A.for B.from C.on D.with
()4.We lost the game______everyone played well.
A.when B.because C.until D.although
()5.The rain beat_______her face as she walked through the wind and rain.
A.at B.against C.in D.from
()6.He is creative.He’s going to turn his car_____a playroom for the children.
A.with B.into C.in D.from
()7.Mr.Green is a kind man.He always tries his best to help______weak.
A.a B.the C.an D.不填
()8.The apartment my parents live in is about 360 square feet_______size.
A.for B.on C.in D.at
()9.When I got to my apartment,I saw my son running_____me happily.
A.around B.with C.toward D.about
()10.Liu Jing’s mother is very kind and she often speaks_______a kind way.
A.for B.by C.in D.of
()11.We have shirts in different colors______40 yuan each.
A.of B.with C.for D.at
()12.We regard Amy______one of the most successful fi lm actresses.
A.to B.with C.as D.of
()13.______have you lived in the countryside?
—Since fi ve years ago.
A.How soon B.How long C.How often D.How much
()14.______we grow up,our parents get older.
A.Unless B.Although C.As D.While
()15.Her own twelve pictures sold very well,______to friends and family.
A.usually B.Mostly C.Hardly D.recently
()16.She hasn’t_____decided if she will come or not.Let’s wait for her answer.
A.already B.yet C.ever D.never
()17.During his second day Edward looked_____more tired than on his fi rst day.
A.even B.quite C.only D.pretty
()18.We have different opinions______the matter.
A.about B.of C.in D.at
()19.Stop_______—you’re giving me a headache!
A.shouting B.shout C.to shout D.shouted
()20.It’s_______—I’m sure I locked the front door just now but now it’s open.
A.strange B.Useful C.Simple D.crazy
二、情景交际
(一)根据对话内容,从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话,其中有两项多余。
A:Hi,Ken.You don’t look very good.(21)______
B:I have a cold.
A:Why don’t you go home?
B:I can’t.(22)______But I don’t feel well.
A:Talk to Carol.She will understand.
B:OK.(23)______
A:Feel better soon!
(In Carol‘s offi ce)
B:Hi,Carol.Can I ask for leave(请假)?
C:What’s wrong,Ken?(24)______
B:No.But I have a sore throat.
C:(25)______You can go home.
B:Thanks,Carol.But I’m sorry I can’t fi nish the work today.
C:Don’t worry about your work.Go home and get better!
A.Do you have a sore throat?
B.I have too much work to do.
C.Should I take some medicine?
D.You probably have a cold.
E.What’s the matter with you?
F.I will go to her offi ce now.
G.Do you have a fever?
(二)根据对话内容,在空白处填上恰当的句子,使对话完整、通顺。
A:Mark,I plan to volunteer to work in the old people’s home.Are you interested in it?
A:This Saturday.The weather will be fi ne.
(In the old people’s home)
A:Oh,the house is in a mess(杂乱不堪)!
B:(27)_______________________?
A:You should clean out these old boxes fi rst.
B:OK.This cleaning job is so easy.What’s Rob’s job?
A:He is cleaning the whole living room.The lights,the floor...everything!
B:(28)_______________________?
A:Yes.I will help him.
(In the living room)
A:Rob,how is your cleaning going?
C:Not very well.I still have a lot to do.
A:I can help you.(29)_______________________?
C:You just need to clean the fl oor.
A:OK.I can fi nish that quickly.
C:And one more thing!
A:(30)_______________________?
C:Can you play some music?We can listen to music while we clean.
三、完形填空
先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。(每小题1分,共10分)
A
Do you know who played the role of Superman in the fi lm Superman?He was Christopher Reeve,a(n)31,and he was famous for his performance in the movie.
Like Superman,Christopher Reeve was afraid of nothing.He was good at fl ying planes,riding horses and many other activities.But32changed(改变)in 1995.When riding a horse,he fell and33himself badly.The doctors thought it was34for him to live long.Reeve even thought of35his life to end everything.36,when he thought of his family,he knew he couldn’t.From then on,he began to37for his life.
At the end of 1995,he left hospital.Soon after that,he felt he was ready to face the world again.He wanted to tell people no matter38problems they had,they shouldn’t give up.He began to make speeches,and they helped lots of people39body problems.
He also went back to work and made his first film,In the Gloaming.Although he lost control of his body,he still had his40and his dream.He was,and would always be Superman!
()31.A.expert B.actor C.reporter D.visitor
()32.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
()33.A.hurt B.lost C.turned D.sent
()34.A.available B.serious C.diffi cult D.useful
()35.A.looking up B.coming up C.making up D.giving up
()36.A.However B.Certainly C.Hardly D.Again
()37.A.look B.fi ght C.serve D.wait
()38.A.when B.which C.that D.what
()39.A.in B.for C.with D.of
()40.A.reason B.culture C.trouble D.spirit
B
Dear Deborah,
Thanks to you,we are able to have a comfortable“home”for our children to live and learn in this year.Last Monday,Michael and his sister,Janet,celebrated Michael’s 9th birthday41cake and cards in the nice place.There was a look of joy on their lovely42.
Thank you for your kind gift of$1,000 to Children’s Residential Services of Greater Boston.For the homeless children like Michael and Janet in our center,your kindness makes a43to them.
With your help,we’ll buy new computers for our children in a day or two.The children can’t44to use the computers to do their homework and talk with their friends!
The computers are part of our Excellence in Service Campaign that will make our“home”even45for Michael,Janet and their new friends.
We would love you to visit our“home”,46you can meet our children.We love to show you around our“home”,and the children enjoy47visitors.One or two might even show you48they can do with their new computers.
Janet Teebs,our development director(负责人),is always49to set up a visit for you,or to answer any question you may have.Please50her at 520-446-0912,or e-mail her at janetteebs@CRS.com.
Again,thank you for all you did for our children.You are a part of their lives too.
Sincerely,
Malcolm Wexter
Executive Director
()41.A.for B.on C.about D.with
()42.A.eyes B.faces C.hearts D.mouths
()43.A.decision B.message C.difference D.problem
()44.A.wait B.try C.remember D.choose
()45.A.dirtier B.Noisier C.nicer D.bigger
()46.A.so B.unless C.until D.or
()47.A.organizing B.training C.meeting D.controlling
()48.A.what B.when C.how D.why
()49.A.busy B.upset C.welcome D.available
()50.A.hear B.call C.watch D.write
四、阅读理解(每小题2分,共60分)
A
One cold Sunday,Mariko and her dad were walking to the store.
“I’m tired of winter,”said Mariko.
Dad waved(挥手)at their neighbor.“I know Mr.Hill hopes spring will come too.”
Mr.Hill was sitting and enjoying the sun in his garden(花园).He waved,and Mariko waved back.
“Mr.Hill loves his garden,”said Mariko.Mr.Hill had the most beautiful spring fl ower garden.It was full of daffodils(黄水仙).
Dad said,“Yes,he does.And because he is old,it is hard for him to go outside in winter.”
At the store,Mariko helped Dad choose milk,bread and carrots.
“You may choose something for yourself,Mariko,”said Dad.
At first Mariko thought apples would taste good.But then something else caught her eye,“Oh,Dad,look,daffodils!”
“Is that something you want?”asked Dad.
“Yes!”Mariko said happily.
Mariko couldn’t stop looking at her daffodils all the way home.But when she got to Mr.Hill’s house,she stopped,“Maybe I could...”
“Wait here,Dad,please,”she said.“I’ll be right back.”
Mariko ran to Mr.Hill and gave him the daffodils.
“What a wonderful winter surprise!”said Mr.Hill.“You have brought me spring!”
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()51.What did Mariko and her father do on Sunday?
A.They did some shopping.B.They worked in the garden.
C.They visited their neighbors.D.They helped Mr.Hill pick fl owers.
()52.What did Mariko and her father NOT bring home?
A.Apples.B.Carrots C.Milk D.Bread
()53.Mariko chose daffodils probably because______.
A.they were colorful B.her mother liked them
C.her garden needed new fl owers D.the fl owers made her think of spring
()54.From the story,we know that Mariko______.
A.disliked shopping B.liked daffodils best
C.was popular with her neighbors D.was kind and thought of others
()55.What is the best title of the story?
A.A shopping day B.A winter surprise
C.Beautiful fl owers D.Spring and winter
B
“Mom,you won’t believe what Anna’s grandfather bought her for her birthday!”shouted Michelle.
“What?”asked Mom.
“A horse,”said Michelle.“Can I have one for my birthday?”
“No,Honey!I’m sorry but we don’t have enough money,”said Mom.
Michelle walked to her room.The phone rang(响起铃声),and Michelle answered.
“Will you get one for your birthday?”asked Anna.“We can ride them together.”
“No,”said Michelle.“Mom said we don’t have enough money.”
“Oh.Er...I have to feed Sir Charles.See you tomorrow,”said Anna.
“Maybe I can help Anna feed Sir Charles,”thought Michelle.She picked up the phone,but her mom was on the phone.
“That would be wonderful.I think she’ll enjoy the riding lessons,”said Mom.
Michelle even didn’t hear her mom walk in the room.
“Honey,I want to talk to you,”said Mom.
Michelle put the phone down.“I didn’t mean toeavesdrop.I was going to call Anna,”said Michelle.
“So you heard about the riding lessons?”asked Mom.
“Yes,”said Michelle.
“I don’t have enough money to buy a horse,but I thought you’d like to learn to ride it.Mrs.Mayberry gives lessons every Saturday.She said you and Anna could be in the same class.I know it’s not the same as having your own horse,but...”said Mom.
“It’s better,”said Michelle.
“Why?”asked Mom.
“Anna has to feed Sir Charles every day.It takes lots of time,”said Michelle.
“So you’re satisfi ed?”asked Mom.
“Of course.It’s the best birthday gift ever,”said Michelle.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()56.Michelle’s mom didn’t agree to buy her a horse because______.
A.she didn’t like horses
B.a horse needed too much money
C.Michelle didn’t have time to care for a horse
D.it was dangerous for Michelle to ride a horse
()57.Sir Charles was______.
A.a horse B.a dog C.Anna’s grandfather D.Michelle’s grandfather
()58.The underlined word“eavesdrop”in the passage means“_____”in Chinese.
A.抱怨B.放弃C.偷听D.拒绝
()59.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Michelle didn’t like feeding horses.
B.Anna wanted Michelle to help her feed her horse.
C.Anna’s father bought her a horse for her birthday.
D.Michelle would learn to ride a horse from Mrs.Mayberry.
()60.What’s the best title of the passage?
A.A telephone call
B.Anna and Michelle
C.How to ride a horse
D.The best birthday gift
C
Dear Tommy,
I’m in Paris now!Mom,Sally and I came here to visit my uncle.We are having a wonderful time.Dad didn’t come because his company(公司)sent him to work in Japan last month.He will have to stay there until November.
For Sally and me,it’s our first time to come to France.We are so excited!Last week Mom went to different shows alone.She used to study in Paris,so she knows the city well.Sally and I visited many interesting places with Aunt Susan.Although we can’t speak French,it’s OK.Aunt Susan and Uncle Tyler can speak both French and English.
Yesterday afternoon,Mom,Sally and Aunt Susan stayed home cooking dinner.Uncle Tyler took me fi shing.We drove for an hour and fi nally arrived at his favorite lake.First,we walked around the lake looking for a good place to fi sh.Uncle Tyler said we should fi sh from the top of a large rock.
I was so interested in catching a fi sh that when I threw my fi shing line and hook(鱼钩)out,the rod(鱼竿)went with them!Uncle Tyler got my rod out of the lake.Then he said that next time,I should wait until he put bait(鱼饵)on the hook.
We fi shed for two hours and my uncle caught four fi sh.He is a fantastic fi sherman.The only thing I caught was a cold.I can’t wait to go again soon,so I can become a great fi sherman like him.
Yours,
Frank
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()61.Frank’s father went to Japan to______.
A.work B.study C.take a holiday D.visit his brother
()62.Who CANNOT speak French?
A.Susan and Tommy B.Sally and Susan.
C.Frank and Tommy D.Sally and Frank.
()63.Which word best describes Frank when he was fi shing?
A.Bored.B.Excited.C.Angry.D.Careful.
()64.Which of the following is TRUE according to the letter?
A.Frank will stay in Paris with his family until November.
B.Frank got sick after he fi shed in the lake with his uncle.
C.Sally used to study in Paris and she visited many places there.
D.Sally spent an hour cooking dinner with her mother and aunt.
()65.What will Frank probably do if Tyler asks him to go fi shing next time?
A.Go with him.
B.Send him a newrod.
C.Say no to him.
D.Prepare some bait himself.
D
Hi!I’m Lilly.My family and I live in a big house.I’m 11 and I have a younger brother,Tom.He is 8.
My mom is a nurse,and she works in a hospital.She works a lot,and usually at night.She doesn’t have enough time to do the housework,so my dad often helps her and he likes it.My dad works in a bank.He arrives home at about 4 p.m.,so he can do a lot of things at home.
Every evening Dad cooks dinner.My brother and I help him.After dinner Dad does the dishes and I help him dry them.Then we take a shower and Dad reads us short stories.
In the morning,Mom makes breakfast.Tom and I make our beds.Then Dad takes us to school by car.
On Saturday,we clean the house.I clean the furniture(家具)and Dad sweeps the floor.Tom takes the rubbish out and waters the plants.Dad likes cleaning the windows but he hates ironing(熨).He never does it.My grandma comes to us twice a week and she irons our clothes.
On Sunday,we wash the car together and Dad often takes us to play in the park and eat in our favorite restaurant.
根据材料内容判断正(T)误(F)。
()66.Lilly is four years older than Tom.
()67.Lilly’s mom never works at night.
()68.Lilly and her brother go to school by car.
()69.Lilly’s brother is so little that he can’t do any housework.
()70.Lilly’s father doesn’t like ironing,but he likes cleaning the windows.
E
On Thursday a new boy came into the classroom.He didn’t have any uniform on.Just trousers,a jacket and a shirt.Tom could see that the boy wasn’t quite comfortable.He had a plastic(塑料的)bag with exercise books,pens,pencils,rulers and erasers in it.The boy stood at the blackboard.Miss Fair talked to the boy,and then she said,“Boys and girls,this is Peter Rivers.He is your new classmate.Peter is your age.I hope you’ll get on well with each other.Peter will spend a lot of time together with you,and outdoors too.”Miss Fair asked Peter to sit next to Tom at the desk near the window.
The students had math after that and Tom could see that Peter was not bad at it.He counted(数数)well.It was not diffi cult for him at all.Then Miss Fair said,“It is half past twelve.It’s time to have lunch.”Peter joined Tom and went to wash his hands.Then the boys sat down on the fl oor and started to open their lunch bags.Tom opened his bag and put his hand in it.He took out an old brown apple,some old cheese and some bits of fi sh from dinner.“Oh,no!”cried Tom.“This is rubbish.I have the wrong bag.I took the rubbish bag and left my lunch bag at home.I have only rubbish for lunch today.”The other children laughed and laughed.Then Peter said,“I have two eggs.Why don’t you have one?I don’t need two.And would you like some bread?”Tom smiled,“Thanks.Now I’ll always look in my lunch bag before I bring it to school.”
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()71.How many kinds of things did Peter have in his plastic bag?
A.Three B.Four C.Five D.Six
()72.Which of the following is TRUE about Peter?
A.He wore a coat and a shirt to school.
B.He had lunch in the school dining hall.
C.He was disabled and couldn’t play outdoors.
D.He had no trouble counting in the math class.
()73.How did Tom feel when he saw what was in his lunch bag?
A.Bored B.Afraid C.Excited D.Upset
()74.What would Tom probably have for lunch?
A.Bread and an apple B.Cheese and an apple
C.Bread and an egg D.Cheese and an egg
()75.What is the passage mainly about?
A.Tom’s favorite teacher B.Tom’s new classmate
C.Tom’s math class D.Tom’s lunch
F
When a person is hurt or suddenly(突然)becomes ill,people give him immediate(立即的)care.We call it fi rst aid.(76)______Immediate action is necessary when someone loses lots of blood or when breathing stopped for a short time.
Everyone should know something about how to care for a person with a sudden illness.Even a small injury(损伤)can be very dangerous.(77)______
When first aiders face a sudden situation,they must be able to keep calm(镇静的)and organize other people to help.He or she must know how to control blood and take care of injuries.(78)______
In our country,hundreds of people die in traffic accidents every year because most people don’t have first aid information.(79)______We may face a sudden situation anywhere.One day somebody from our family may get hurt or suddenly become ill.(80)______
根据材料内容将方框中A—E五个句子填入文中空缺处,使短文内容完整、正确。
A.If more people know about fi rst aid,more lives could be saved.
B.If we don’t want to be helpless in such a situation,we have to know fi rst aid.
C.When there is a sudden situation,time is very important,so fi rst aid plays a very important role.
D.Knowing how to move the injured without causing(引起)more injuries is also very important.
E.And it may result in death,so everyone should know something about fi rst aid.
五、词汇运用(每小题1分,共20分)
A)根据句意及所给首字母提示,补全句中所缺单词。
81.Leo has a t___.I advised him to see a dentist.
82.The bus stopped to let the p___ off.
83.People in the western countries often eat with k___ and forks.
84.The bag of rice weighs about 50 k___.
85.His daughter is a n___.Her job is to look after the sick.
B)根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
86.We have to make a________(decide)about where to go on vacation
87.His________(foot)are too big.We don’t have the right size of shoes for him.
88.Parents should tell children the________(important)of doing the housework.
89.Flora has a________(stomach),so she doesn’t want to eat anything.
90.All of us are surprised at the________(die)of the man because he is too young.
91.It was a good________(feel)to be arriving home again.
92.Who’s the________(own)of this house?
93.Careful!There’s_________(break)glass on the fl oor.
94.I wanted to thank them for all their________(kind).
95.She explained(解释)the whole idea again,but I still didn’t_____(understand).
C)根据句意及所给汉语提示,写出句中所缺单词。
96.There was a(n)______(通知)on the board saying the class had been cancelled(取消).
97.One of the boys was pushing the other along in a little box on_____(轮子).
98.We should care for the________(有残疾的)people.
99.Lisa met with many________(困难)when traveling.
100.I was tired so my friend________(扛)my heavy bag for me.
参考答案:
一、1---5DCADB 6---10 BBCCC
11---15 CCBCB 16---20 BAAAA
二、21---25 EBFGD
26.When should we do that
27.What should I do fi rst
28.Does he need any help
29.What do I need to do
30.What’s it
三、31---35 BCACD 36---40 ABDCD
41---45 DBCAC 46---50 ACADB
四、51---55 AADDB 56---60 BACDD 61---65 ADBBA
篇4：新目标八年级下期末测试（二）
根据句意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1. I hear she’ll be back ____ a week.
A. afterB. inC. fromD. at
2. ——____ do you go to see your grandparents?
——Once a month.
A. How longB. How often C. How soonD. How much
3. Don’t speak aloud. You ____ keep quiet in the reading-room.
A. couldB. mayC. would D. should
4. If you want to be thinner, you have to eat ____ food and do
____ exercise.
A. little; manyB. much; fewC. fewer; moreD. less; more
5. We all went swimming ____ Jim, because he had to look after his
younger sister.
A. exceptB. besidesC. andD. or
6. ——I’m not feeling well, maybe I have a cold. What should I do?
——____.
A. Maybe you should see a dentist
B. Maybe you should have a good sleep
C. Maybe you should see a doctor
D. Maybe you should drink some coffee
7. If it ____ tomorrow, I won’t visit the West Lake.
A. don’t rainB. will rainC. rainsD. rain
8. ——____ will they play?
——They will play football.
A. What subjectB. What sportC. What foodD. What language
9. It’s not right ____ you ____ others’ homework.
A. to; to copyB. for; copyC. to; copyD. for; to copy
10. ——Could you please tell me ____?
——Tomorrow, I think.
A. when will he comeB. when he will come
C. when would he comeD. when he would come
11. ——Will there be less pollution?
——____. There will be more pollution.
A. Yes, there willB. No, there isn’t
C. Yes, there isD. No, there won’t
12. Her mother told her ____ in bed.
A. not readB. not to readC. don’t readD. to not read
13. Work hard, and your dream will ____ one day.
A. come trueB. come onC. come overD. come up
14. The students were reading when the teacher ____ into the classroom.
A. was comingB. cameC. comesD. coming
15. ——Why don’t you go and play soccer?
——____.
A. Yes, I thinkB. Yes, I can play
C. That’s a good ideaD. It’s good game
Ⅱ.完形填空 （共10小题，每小题1分，总共10分）
根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择正确答案。
For many young people, __1__ a professional athlete might seem like a dream job. If you become a professional athlete, you’ll be able to __2__ a living doing something you love. If you become famous, people all over the world __3__ you. Many athletes give money to schools and __4__, and do a lot of work to help people. This is a great chance that many people do not have.
__5__， professional athletes can also have many problems. If you are famous, people will __6__ you all the time and follow you everywhere. This can make life __7__.
If you play sports __8__ a living, your job will sometimes be very dangerous. Many professional athletes get injured. And if you become rich,you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are. __9__, many famous people complain that they are not happy. They say they were __10__ before they became rich and famous.
1. A. becomesB. becomeC. becomingD. to become
2. A. to makeB. makingC. makeD. made
3.A. will knowB. knowC. to knowD. knew
4.A. charityB. charitysC. charitiesD. charityes
5.A. ThoughB. BecauseC. HoweverD. Still
6.A. seeB. watchC. lookD. look at
7.A. difficultB. to difficultC. most difficultD. easy
8.A. asB. inC. withD. for
9. A. In factB. In a factC. On factD. At fact
10. A. happyingB. happyerC. happierD. more happy
Ⅲ.阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，总共30分）
阅读下面的短文，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案。
(A)
1. Which is the cheapest（便宜的） of all? ____.
A. HatB. T-shirtC. PantsD. Socks
2. How much are two pants? ____.
A. $14B. $20C. $21D. $22
3. You can buy ____ in Mason’s Clothes Store.
A. black pantsB. a blue sweaterC. a green hatD. red socks
4. If you want to buy a T-shirt, which color isn’t afford(提供)？____.
A. redB. yellowC. greenD. black
5. You like red and you only have $6. You can buy ____.
A. a sweaterB. a hatC. a T-shirtD. nothing
(B)
There are 45 students in our class. I have made a survey, 36 students say they like to exercise. Most boys play basketball together twice a week. But girls think basketball is difficult for them; they’d like to play volleyball together twice a week. My friend, Tony, is good at running. He runs fastest(最快) in our class. He runs for 30 minutes on the playground every evening before he goes to bed. Is it interesting? Gray is good at swimming. He goes to the swimming club three times a month in winter and four times a week in summer. So he’s pretty healthy. Some of my classmates have good eating habits. They eat both meat and vegetables. 70% of them drink milk every day. 15 students say they drink milk three or four times a week. But some students like to eat junk food, especially Sally. What’s worse (更糟糕的) is that she doesn’t like to exercise, so she is very fat. She always says “I’m going to lose weight tomorrow.”
6. How often do most boys play basketball? ____.
A. Every dayB. Twice a dayC. Twice a weekD. Twice a month
7. Why do the girls dislike to play basketball? ____.
A. Because they have no time
B. Because they think it’s not easy
C. Because they don’t like to play with the boys
D. Because they don’t like to exercise
8. Who runs the fastest in the writer’s class? ____.
A. GrayB. SallyC. TonyD. We don’t know
9. How often does Gray swim in summer? ____.
A. Three times a monthB. Four times a week
C. Hardly everD. Every afternoon
10. Why is Sally so fat? ____.
A. Because she doesn’t like to exercise
B. Because she likes to eat junk food very much
C. Because she likes sleeping very much
D. Because she likes to eat junk food and doesn’t like to exercise
(C)
Life in the future will be different from life today. Between then and now many changes will happen. The population (人口) is growing fast. There will be more people in the world and most of them will live longer than people live now.
Computers will be much smaller and more useful, and there will be at least (至少) one in every room. And computer studies will be one of the important subjects in schools then. People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and travel. Traveling will be much cheaper and easier. And many more people will go to other countries for holidays.
There will be changes in our food, too. More land will be used for building new towns and houses for all the people. Then there will be less room for cows and sheep, so meat will be more expensive. Maybe no one will eat it every day. Instead they will eat more fruit and vegetables. Maybe people will be healthier. Work in the future will be different, too. Robots will do dangerous and hard work. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do. This will be a problem.
11. In the future there will be ____.
A. much more fruitB. more people
C. less vegetablesD. less people
12. Every family will have at least a ____ in the future.
A. robotB. cowC. TV setD. computer
13. In the future people don’t have to ____.
A. work long hoursB. work fast
C. walk on footD. eat meat
14. Which of the following is NOT right? ____.
A. There will be more people in the world and they can live longer
than now
B. There will be more room for sheep and cows
C. People will eat more fruit than meat they eat today
D. Robots will do dangerous and hard work for people in the future
15. One big problem in the future is that ____.
A. many people don’t have to work
B. many people will not be able to find work
C. people have to work fast
D. all the work will be done by robots
Ⅳ.单词填空（共10小题，每题1分，共10分）
根据中文提示，用正确的形式写出相应的单词。
1. What ____（发生） to you last night?
2. One day people will ____（飞） to the moon for vacations.
3. Can you ____（带来） some music CDs to the party?
4. There are all kinds of ____(花) in the garden.
5. I will ____(发送) an E-mail to my best friend tomorrow.
6. The girl felt a little ____(紧张的) at the meeting.
7. You could give him a ____(票) to a ball game.
8. There are two____(百) workers in the factory.
9. My father doesn’t know how to ____(使用) the computer.
10. They finish the homework by ____(他们自己).
Ⅴ.任务型阅读（共5小题，每题1分，共5分）
Jane一家酷爱读书。圣诞节快到了，Jane想送给家里每个人一本书。请根据下面书店最近推出的新书，帮Jane给家里每一个人选一本他们所喜爱的书。
A. Dress-making
B. Beauty Sights in France
C. Starting Your Stamp Collection
D. Sports
E. An Instruction to History
1. Her mother is a teacher. She enjoys dress-making for her family.
2. Her father has been interested in history and he also likes
painting.
3. Jack, her elder brother, is studying languages at university and will
spend nine months in France next year.
4. Sarah, her sixteen-year-old sister, loves watching sport programs
on television.
5. Dan, her younger brother, is twelve. He loves pop music. He also
collects stamps and has a large collection.
1. Mother ____ 2. Father ____ 3. Jack ____
4. Sarah ____5. Dan ____
Ⅵ.书面表达(10分)
假如你是英语课代表，在语音实验室上听说课前，用英语向全班同学宣布注意事项：
1.请提前两分钟来教室;
2.换鞋才可以进入教室;
3.除教材外不要带其他东西;
4.按老师指令做事，不要随便动机器;
5.课上只讲英语，不讲汉语;
6.下课后要关机，按顺序离开教室。
篇5：八年级下期末数学答案
（时间：90分钟 满分：100分）
一、请你选择（每小题3分，共30分）
1.2010年1月9日，胡锦涛主席在全国科学技术大会上指出，建国50年来，特别是改革开放以来，我国科学技术取得了举世瞩目的成就，这为建设创新型国家奠定了必要的基础。我国已具备了一定的自主创新能力，要在2020年把我国建成一个创新型国家，提高自主创新能力是必由之路。这是因为（）
A.我国是一个社会主义国家
B.科学技术已成为一个国家综合国力强弱的最重要因素 C.自主创新是支撑一个国家的筋骨
D.自主创新是实现我国科技跨越式发展的需要
思路解析:本题主要考查对“自主创新”的理解和认识。在我国，要加快科技发展，增强我国的国际竞争力，关键在于提高自主创新能力。自主创新能力是国际竞争力的核心。C、D两项与题干相符，其他的都应排除掉。因此本题的正确答案为C、D两项。
答案:CD
2.2010年3月28日，中共中央、国务院隆重举行国家科学技术奖励大会，对为我国科技事业发展做出突出贡献的科技工作者进行表彰和奖励。这充分体现了党和国家（）[来源:Zxxk.Com]
①对社会主义精神文明建设的高度重视 ②实施科教兴国战略的决心 ③对我国科技事业高度重视 ④把发展科技作为中心任务来抓
A.①②③B.②③④ C.①②④D.①③④
思路解析:重奖科学家这一举措，体现了国家对科技事业的高度重视，对精神文明建设的高度重视，这也反映了我国正在实施科教兴国战略，故①②③的观点是正确的。尽管科技是第一生产力，但是它不是我们工作的中心任务，经济建设依然是我国各项工作的中心。
答案:A 3.“人说山西好风光，地肥水美五谷香，左手一指太行山，右手一指是吕梁，站在那高处望一望，你看那汾河的水呀，哗啦啦啦流过我的小村旁„„”这段生动的歌词表明（）
A.神秘的宇宙使大自然魅力无穷 B.奇妙的生物世界精彩纷呈 C.大自然风光秀丽、美景如画
D.各族人民团结、平等、互助
思路解析：歌词中唱到的是美丽的大自然，但并不是神秘的宇宙，因此，A项是错误的；B、D两项与歌词不相符，也是错误的。
答案：C
4.某班同学学习了“依法保护人类共有的家园”一课后，纷纷开展环保行动。下列几位同学的行为，你赞同的是（）
A.小赵同学将破坏校园花草的同学关在教室半天，令其反省 B.小王同学踊跃参加本村的义务植树活动
C.小孙同学举报山上有人架网捕猎候鸟
D.小李同学把深夜扰民的歌舞厅门窗砸坏，以示警告
思路解析：要依法保护人类共有的家园，必须落实环保行动。但是，在落实环保行动时必须遵守法律，不能损害他人的合法权益。A、D两项侵犯了他人的合法权益，是错误的。
答案：BC 5.被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平研究成功的杂交水稻增产20%，自20世纪70年代推广至今，增产3.7亿多吨，创造经济效益3 700亿元。这一事实说明（）A.科学技术是第一生产力
B.生产的发展完全依赖于科学研究 C.科技进步是推动经济发展的决定因素
D.实施科教兴国战略，要把人才的培养放在突出的地位
思路解析：此题主要考查科学技术的地位和作用。从题干中的这一事实来看，科技是创造经济效益的重要因素和力量。因此，A、C两项是正确的。B项绝对化，D项并不能从题干中反映出来，因此都是错误的。
答案：AC
6.赵新刚听说有许多贫困地区的同龄人没钱上学，于是就和父母商量，从自己的零花钱中节省一部分钱，然后再向父母借一部分钱（让父母记好，等挣钱后再还），每年拿出500元钱资助一个同龄人，让他和自己一样有上学的机会。我认为（）
Ａ.赵新刚的做法体现了助人为乐的美德
Ｂ.赵新刚的做法是杯水车薪，解决不了根本的问题，没有必要这么做
Ｃ.只要人人都献出一点爱，世间会变成美好的人间 Ｄ.赵新刚是想出名，是一种虚荣心的表现
思路解析：该题考查的是我们对社会承担责任、对是非善恶及其影响的认识。我们生活的社会应该是一个互帮互助的社会，更应该是一个人人相互关爱的社会。在参与社会公益活动的过程中，我们既承担着社会责任，又在帮助他人，并使自身的价值在奉献中得以提升。赵新刚的做法体现了助人为乐的美德，对个人及周围的人会产生积极的影响，如果人们都能行动起来，就能救助更多的失学少年。
答案：AC
7.我国自然科学领域最高奖——国家自然科学一等奖的鲜花连续4年停开后，于2003年2月重新向国人张开笑脸。蒋锡夔教授因其突出成就而获得此奖项。当有人问他成功的秘密时，这位古稀老人的脸上却透出顽皮和纯真：“好奇，使我对科学产生了极大兴趣。”老人说他上初中时就特别喜欢化学，感到化学是个变化无穷的乐园，有时他还在自己家里做化学实验„„对于好奇心，我们的正确理解是（）
A.有好奇心的人都能成为科学家[来源:Zxxk.Com]
B.好奇心要正确把握，否则也会对人们的成长产生消极影响[来源:学*科*网] C.好奇心就意味着成功
D.只有把好奇转化为兴趣、志趣，进而大胆设想、锲而不舍，才能最终有所发明创造，打开成功的大门
思路解析：很显然，此题考查的是对好奇心的理解。揭开科学家成长的历史画卷，不难发现，许多科学家小时候都有着强烈的好奇心。好奇心是他们走上科技发明创造之路的起点，是创新的最初
动力。一个人如果没有好奇心，缺乏对事物的兴趣，是不会做出任何科学成就的。好奇心只是科技创新的起点，只有那些把好奇转化为兴趣，进而发展为志趣，多加观察，大胆设想，锲而不舍的人，才能从好奇的现象中探幽揽胜，才能最终有所发现和创造，从而打开成功的大门。因此，A、C两项是错误的。
答案：BD
8.2010年10月12日9时，“神舟”六号载人航天飞船成功发射，标志着我国在发展载人航天技术方面取得了又一个重大的胜利。下列说法正确的是（）A.这属于第三次科技革命的成果
B.这是我国实施科教兴国战略的重大成果 C.这说明我国已经成为发达国家
D.这说明我国科学技术水平处于世界领先地位
思路解析:本题以“神舟”六号飞船发射成功为题干，考查与科学技术相关的知识，考查对知识的综合运用能力。A、B两项正确。C、D两项说法错误，均不符合事实。
答案:AB
9.2010年4月20日，国务院发布《全面推进依法行政纲要》。《纲要》指出，经过十年左右的努力，基本实现建设法治政府的目标。这表明（）A.社会主义政治文明建设需要法律来保障
B.国家机关和公职人员在行使权力时都必须接受法律规范 C.国务院是国家的最高立法机关 D.依法治国必须依法行政
思路解析：此题主要考查建设社会主义法治国家及有关依法行政的知识。实现依法治国，必须加强社会主义政治文明建设，国家机关必须依法行政，遵守宪法和法律。C项与题干没有关系，是错误的。
答案：ABD
10.十届全国人大二次会议通过了新的宪法修正案。本次宪法修正是在中国共产党的领导下，根据新形势新经验，以人民的根本利益为出发点和落脚点，依照法定程序，充分发扬民主，广泛征求意见，反复认真研究，在此基础上，由党的十六届三中全会审议通过《中共中央关于修改宪法部分内容的建议》，由党中央提请全国人大常委会提出宪法修正案（草案）的议案，经第十届全国人民代表大会第二次会议表决通过。对此，下列理解正确的有（）
A.宪法集中反映了广大人民的根本利益 B.在我国，国家的一切权力属于人民
C.宪法的制定和修改程序比其他法律更为严格 D.宪法在实践中不断完善
思路解析：宪法的修改，是以人民的根本利益为出发点和落脚点，依照法定程序，在充分发扬民主，广泛征求意见，反复认真研究的情况下进行的，因此，A、B两项是正确的。在此基础上，宪法的修改，由党的十六届三中全会审议通过《中共中央关于修改宪法部分内容的建议》，由党中央提请全国人大常委会提出宪法修正案（草案）的议案，经第十届全国人民代表大会第二次会议表决通过，因此，C项是正确的。我国之所以要修改宪法，是根据新形势的需要而修改，这说明了宪法是在实践中不断完善，因此D项正确。
答案：ABCD
二、请你回答（每小题8分，共16分）
11.小学开展“环境保护，从我做起”的活动。学生小宝在日记本中这样写道：周一睡觉忘了关灯，浪费了不少电，真不应该；周二连撕了三张白纸，老师说造纸要消耗大量的木材和水，我感到很惭愧；周三，我发现妈妈只为洗两件内衣就开动洗衣机，浪费水电，我建议妈妈用手洗。
（1）读完日记后，你有何感想?（4分）
（2）请你也像该同学那样反省自己的环保行为，记下感受最深刻的三件事。（4分）
思路解析：以学生的日记为载体，要求评价他人，反思自我，主动探索，旨在考查认识问题、分析问题及情感表达的能力，落实学以致用、知行统一的原则。其中，学会反思，是本题考查的重要目标。此题的两个设问均具有开放性。对第（1）问，可从环保行为习惯和思想意识两方面作答。对第（2）问，一要写出生活中具体的不符合环保的行为；二要紧扣教材，反思其危害；三要在情感上有所表示。
答案：（1）①落实环保行动，努力为环保做力所能及的事。②从小养成环保习惯，从我做起，从身边的小事做起。③珍惜资源，时常反思自己的行为，敢于指出违反环保要求的浪费行为并提出合理化建议。（4分）（2）如我到海边游玩时随手乱扔饮料瓶，污染了环境，真可耻。（其他意思相近、言之有理的亦可，4分）
12.2003年3月4日《人民日报》报道，一位小学生在南京闹市区看到一条已经过期半年的标语后，写信给市长说“南京办事效率低，管理水平差”，建议“把旧标语换下，换上有时代气息的宣传画”。为此，市长专门给他回了一封感谢信。
针对我们周围的所见所闻，请你给有关部门各提出两条建议。
对象
建议
环保部门教育行政部门公安部门
思路解析:此题是一道开放性试题，联系书本知识，言之有理即可。[来源:学科网] 答案提示：
提出的建议只要合情合理即可，共8分。样例：
对象 环保部门
教育行政部门
公安部门
（1）生活垃圾分类处理（1）监督学校全面开课[来（1）整治非法网吧 建议
（2）工业三废达标后方允许源:Z_xx_k.Com]
（2）打击危害中小学生的勒索抢排放
（2）严肃查处学校乱收费劫行为
行为
三、请你评析（每小题8分，共16分）
13.这是发生在2003年“非典”肆虐时的故事。
有一位出租车司机，送乘客到北京火车站。当客人说自己肺部有感染，打了一周点滴都没好，准备回家时，司机立即把车停在路边拨打120。客人求司机放他走，但司机苦口婆心地劝他留下来。俩人在雨中等了两个半小时，直到救护车来到。
请你对出租车司机的行为加以评析。
思路解析:此题围绕公民强烈的社会责任感来分析这位出租车司机的行为，对他的做法应予以肯
定。
答案：在这位司机的身上，体现出一个公民强烈的社会责任感。公民的责任意识，表现在不问别人尤其是国家能为自己做些什么，而是问自己能为别人尤其是国家做些什么。在国家危机中，真正的公民不仅仅是受保护者，更应该是主动积极的“责任行动者”。作为公民，在做好自己本职工作的同时，要胸怀天下，承担起关爱社会的责任，共同营造“我为人人，人人为我”的社会氛围。出租车司机主动为国分忧，与国家共渡难关，表现出对祖国、对人民的高度责任感。（8分）14.浩源发明的“带自动伸缩挡雨板的公共汽车”，使浩源成为全国唯一的一位因一项发明赢得五个国家级大奖的小科学家，该作品被放在北京的宋庆龄故居永久展出。当记者让他谈谈今后的打算时，他只是淡淡地说：现在进行的发明活动还都只是特长、爱好，首先要把基础知识打牢固了，一定要与众不同才能取胜。
因此，有人说，积累知识比培养创新能力更为重要。你的观点是什么呢？
思路解析：解答此题应全面地考虑问题，积累知识和培养创新能力是同一事物的两个方面，对人的成长都有很大的作用，可从积累知识和培养能力的关系方面来思考。
答案：二者都非常重要。（1分）
（1）提高创新能力，有所发明和创造，是一个人走向成功的通行证。（3分）[来源:学&科&网]（2）创新没有捷径，知识是创新的前提。先有“厚积”，而后才能“薄发”。只有当知识积累到一定量的时候，灵感才可能在某一外界因素的刺激下迸发。知识越丰富，基础打得越牢固，创新的机会就越多。如果没有丰富的知识积累，即使有很聪颖的天资，也只能浑然不觉地让创新机遇从眼皮下溜走。我们应该从现在做起，学好各方面的科学文化知识，全面提高自身素质，为创新奠定坚实的基础。（4分）
四、社会话题（共12分）
15.材料一：2003年开春以来，危害人民生命健康的“非典”在世界几十个国家传播。在一些人谈“非”色变的时候，我国许多“白衣天使”冒着被感染的危险，救死扶伤，谱写了一曲可歌可泣的壮丽诗篇。
材料二：在全国人民万众一心，众志成城，科学防治，抗击“非典”之时，少数商人却销售假药等假冒伪劣商品，哄抬物价。为此，有关部门对当事人进行了严厉的处罚。
（1）“白衣天使”的行为说明了什么?（2分）
（2）少数商人的行为违背了我国经济活动中的什么原则?（4分）
（3）你从这次我国人民抗击“非典”的战斗中得到了什么启示?（6分）
思路解析：本题紧密联系社会生活实际，旨在引导学生观察社会、了解社会，积极参与社会实践活动，增强公民意识和社会责任感，较好地实现了思想品德课传授知识、培养能力、提高觉悟的统一。本题引导学生关注重大热点问题，关心国家大事，并深入思考相关问题，有利于增强法律意识和爱国主义思想，提高理解能力、分析和处理实际问题的能力，达到学以致用的目的。本题设计的问题，思路开阔，可多角度作答，鼓励勤于思考，创新思维，这就为运用自己所学知识提供了广阔的空间。
答案：（1）“白衣天使”具有高尚的道德情操；或“白衣天使”具有良好的职业道德；或“白衣天使”能正确处理个人利益和国家利益的关系；或“白衣天使”具有强烈的爱国意识；或我国精神文明建设取得了丰硕的成果。（2分）
（2）这些商人的行为违背了经济活动中的公平、诚实信用的原则。（4分）
（3）启示：①公民必须具有良好的职业道德；或公民必须具有爱国意识；或必须坚持以德治国；
或必须加强精神文明建设；或我国现阶段必须继续弘扬团结互助的民族精神。②公民必须自觉守法；或我们必须坚持依法治国；或必须加强法制建设，增强公民的法律意识。③在社会主义现代化建设中必须相信、依靠群众；或以人为本，珍爱生命。④必须实施科教兴国战略；或健全疫情报告制度，深入进行卫生防疫的知识宣传等。（从两个方面说明得到的启示即可，每点3分，共6分）
五、亲临其境（共12分）16.某地市民倡议：“告别塑料袋，重拎布袋子；用我们的双手装扮一个洁净、无害的家园。”元旦前夕，校园内雪片似的贺卡，飞向四面八方。面对此景，初三（1）班班委会提出倡议：“少写一张贺卡，多植一棵树木；放眼未来世界，共创美好家园。”
（1）请运用所学知识谈谈提出上述两个倡议的原因。（4分）
（2）为共创一个美好的家园，在实际生活中你能做些什么？（8分）
思路解析:回答第（1）问说明提出倡议的原因，结合我国现状回答。回答第（2）问时一定要仔细揣摩，弄清题意，然后回归教材，联系所学知识，综合整理。注意发散思维，多角度考虑问题。
答案:（1）存在环境问题、资源问题。（4分）（2）宣传保护环境、节约资源的重要性；（2分）节约水电；不用一次性餐具；对垃圾进行分类，不污染环境；搞好学校和家庭的环境卫生；（2分）美化环境；爱护花草树木；积极参加植树；不捕杀野生动物；（2分）依法同破坏环保、浪费资源的行为作斗争；向当地有关部门提出整治环境、保护资源的建议等。（2分）
六、实践探究（共14分）[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]
17.（2010山东高密中考）公共汽车内非常拥挤，一片嘈杂之声。“喂，你挤着我了！”一个女孩在尖叫。“怎么，来劲是吧！”一听就是个年轻气盛的小伙子。看来，一场争斗不可避免。“年轻人，把心放宽，就不挤了。”这时传来一位老人的声音。顿时，车内一片沉寂。
（1）你是如何理解老人“把心放宽，就不挤了”这句话的？（7分）
（2）结合当前社会主义荣辱观教育，你认为青少年应如何养成亲社会行为？（7分）
思路解析:此题具有较强的开放性，在解答第（1）问时要围绕宽容、尊重、谦让等知识来组织答案；回答第（2）问，要理解什么是亲社会行为，答案只要是说明关爱社会即可。
答案:（1）①在社会生活中，人们之间出现矛盾、摩擦和冲突是难免的。我们要学会宽容与谦让，这是中华民族的传统美德。（3分）②谦让是形成和谐的社会秩序、文明的社会风气不可缺少的道德规范。③对于生活中人们之间发生的误会和矛盾，只要不是原则问题，不妨主动谦让，做出适当的妥协和让步，以化解不必要的纠纷。（4分）
（2）①积极宣传基本道德规范，倡导社会新风。（2分）②积极参与社会公益活动，服务社会，奉献社会。如爱心捐款、无偿献血、参加志愿者活动等。（2分）③关心社会发展，关注国家大事，维护祖国荣誉利益。④团结互助，诚实守信，扶危助困，学会谦让、分享、助人。（3分）
说明：“编读互动平台”是针对本书读者的使用情况所举行的一次有奖互动调查活动。该活动的参与对象是这套书的所有读者（学生、家长及老师）。参与者只需按上述表格的要求如实地填上相应的内容，然后剪下来邮寄到北京尼赏文化传播有限公司即可。（地址：北京市朝阳区裕民路12号中国国际科技会展中心A座15层北京尼赏文化传播有限公司 优化设计产品部 邮编：100029）
活动自2010年1月1日正式开始到2010年4月1日结束。活动将评出一等奖10名（奖金500
元），二等奖50名（奖金300元），三等奖100名（奖金100元）。
纠错者可直接在书上改错，然后把改过的书邮寄给我们。一经核实，按贡献大小，可享受：换发新书；纠错稿酬；上编委名单。纠错者同样享有参加此次评奖活动的资格。
特别优秀的获奖者将获邀参加由北京尼赏文化传播有限公司所举办的颁奖晚会，部分获奖者将特邀为本公司的作者或兼职编辑。
篇6：八年级下期末数学答案
八年级思想品德参考答案
一、单项选择（10小题，每题2分，共20分）
1.C2.C3.B4.D5.D6.A7.A8.B9.C10.B
二、多项选择（5小题，每题3分，共15分）
11.AD12.ABC13.ABC14.ABD15.ABCD
评分说明：以下各题，考生答案若与本参考答案不一致时，只要符合题意，言之有理，均可在本题分值范围内酌情给分。
三、辨析（12分）
16.消费者权益保护法的修改意义重大，有利于促进生产的发展，维护社会的正常秩序，保障社会公平正义，更有效地保护消费者的合法权益，让人们过上更美好的生活。（2分）公民享有的权利需要来自各方面的保障，其中最重要最有效的保障就是法律保障。（2分）作为消费者，要增强自己的判断能力和选择能力，主动学习和掌握消费知识和消费者权益保护的知识，这样才能保护自身的合法权益不受非法侵害。（4分）消费者还要懂得维权的途径，在侵权行为发生以后，可以通过和经营者协商和解、请求消费者协会或其他调解组织调解、向有关行政部门申诉、提请仲裁机构仲裁、向人民法院提起诉讼等方式来维护自己的合法权益（4分）
四、观察与思考（2小题，17题14分，18题14分，共28分）
17.（1）广场舞大妈有跳舞的权利，是积极维护生命健康权的表现，但噪音过大则违反了法律，侵犯了其他公民的合法权利，应及时纠正；温州居民有在安静环境中生活的权利，但用了不正当的方法维护自己的权利，也触犯了法律，侵犯了他人的合法权利，也应及时停止。（每点2分，最高4分）
（2）权利与义务具有一致性。（或：权利与义务相互依存、不可分割。）（2分）
（3）公民在行使权利时要尊重他人的权利；不得损害国家的、社会的、集体的利益；要在法律允许的范围内行使权利；要以合法方式行使权利。（每点2分，共8分）
18.（1）隐私权。（2分）
（2）法律保护公民的隐私权，能够促进社会和谐，维护社会的安定；保护公民的隐私，是道德的呼唤，有助于树立良好的社会道德风尚；尊重和维护隐私权，是现代文明的重要标志，是社会进步的体现；尊重个人隐私，体现出社会的人文关怀；保护隐私权，可以缓解人们对人格独立的担忧，保证人们自由舒畅地生活；保护隐私权，可以使人们获得内心世界的安全感和私人生活的自由与安宁，体会做人的尊严；保护隐私权，有利于维护人的人格尊严和心灵安宁，保护正常生活与内心世界不受侵扰；等等。（三方面即可。答出其中任意一点即可给2分，最高6分）
八年级思想品德参考答案共3页第1页
（3）增强对个人信息的保护意识，加强自我防范；在向熟人敞开心扉时，要认真选择倾诉对象；上网时不要轻易向陌生人泄露个人信息；身份证等重要证件不要轻易借给他人使用；电子邮件加密后再传送；QQ加密，游戏账号加密；电脑要安装杀毒软件；上网时要掌握网上安全运行的知识，避免个人信息在网络中被浏览和扩散；不随意把手机号码乱写乱留；最好不要将身份证和银行卡放在一起；浏览网页后把相关记忆清除；等等。（三个方面即可。答出其中任意一点即可给2分，最高6分）
五、活动与探索（2小题，19题11分，20题14分，共25分）
19.（1）受教育权；生命健康权（答出其中一点给1分，最高2分）
（2）（任选一种即可）受教育权：青少年是祖国的未来与希望，由于年幼、能力欠缺和经验不足，生命健康权容易受到侵害；有利于促进人的发展和社会进步；有利于提高整个民族的科学文化素质；受教育是个人成长与发展的基础；有利于传承、发展文明和文化；教育是每个人生活的准备，是奠定走向未来的基础；有利于人们获得更好的就业机会，为社会创造更多的财富，从而更好地享受现代文明成果；教育能为人们未来的幸福生活奠基；要让短暂的生命发光、有尊严有意义地度过一生，必须接受教育；教育获取知识，知识改变命运；对于民族、国家来说，教育成就未来；国家兴盛，人才为本，人才培养，教育为本；青少年是祖国的未来与希望，但由于种种原因，其受教育权经常受到侵害；等等。（答出其中任意一点即可给3分，最高3分）
或生命健康权：是公民参加一切社会活动、享有其他一切权利的基础；是人们生存和发展的基本权利；是首要的人身权利；生命一旦丧失，任何权利都失去了意义；是公民最根本的人身权利；等等。（答出其中任意一点即可给3分，最高3分）
（3）（围绕其中一项权利即可）受教育权：要珍惜受教育的机会，自觉履行受教育的义务；要珍惜自己受教育的权利；认真履行按时入学的义务；认真履行接受规定年限义务教育的义务，不中途辍学；认真履行遵守法律和学校纪律，尊敬师长，努力完成规定的学习任务的义务；当受教育权被他人剥夺或受到侵犯时，可以采取诉讼或非诉讼方式予以维护；等等。
或生命健康权：珍爱和积极行使生命健康权，锻炼身体，增强体质，患病就医；不轻生和自残；保持身心健康；当生命健康权受到侵害时，要依法自卫；当生命健康权受到侵害时，要拿起法律武器来捍卫，积极寻求法律保护；自觉关爱他人的生命与健康；等等。
（围绕其中一项权利作答即可，答出三个方面即可。每点2分，最高6分）
20.（1）小虎的行为是正义行为，小明的行为是非正义行为（2分）
（2）实施正义行为，不做非正义的事，是做人的基本要求；见义勇为、扶危济困是中华民族的传统美德，是维护公共利益和他人正当权益的行为，是正义行为；视而不见、逃避责任是一种非正义行为，会阻碍人类社会的进步与发展，损害公共利益和他人的正当权益，必然受到道德谴责或法律制裁；正义要求我们尊重人的基本权利，尤其要尊重人的生命权，公正地对待他人和自己；没有对正义的追求，人类将失去文明发展的动力；增强法律意识，培养高尚道德，要求我们维护正义；社会的公平，需要富有正义感的人来维护；社会和谐发展需要正义；等等（两个方面即可。每点3分，最高6分）
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