中考动词短文填空

2024-05-05

中考动词短文填空（通用9篇）

篇1：中考动词短文填空

中考英语短文填空练习一

用所给词的适当形式填空。

call , swim , anything , clever , bear , can , his , give , girl , something , read , take

Many years ago , there was a family ___1___ Franklin. They lived in Boston. There were five ___2___ and six boys in the family. On a January day in 1760, another baby boy ___3___. They boy’s mother and his father ___4___ the boy a name ― Benjamin.

Benjamin was the ___5___ of all the children. He could read when he was five and he ___6___ write by the time he was seven. When he was eight he was sent to school.

In school Benjamin had been good at ___7___ and writing but not good at math. He read all of ___8___ father’s books. And whenever (每当)he had a little money, he bought a book with it . He liked books. They told him how to do ___9___. At that time he invented the paddles (脚蹼)for ___10___ .

答案：1. called 2. girls 3. was born 4. gave 5. cleverest 6. could 7. reading 8. his 9. somehing 10. swimming

篇2：中考动词短文填空

say, surprise, do, in, friend, to, visits, we, usual, or, welcome, time, for, but, ideas

Manners are important in every country, ___1___ people have different ___2___ about their manners. What is good in one country may not be ___3___ in another.

Chinese people are ___4___ to know the fact that an Englishman ___5___ stop to talk and shake hands with his friend ___6___ the street. They just say hello ___7___ each other and then pass on.

English people think that ___8___ Chinese end our ___9___ to friends all of a sudden. They ___10___ begin to show that they want to go 15 _11_ 20 minutes before they leave their ___12___ house. And they do this two or three ___13___ within 20 minutes.

It is important ___14___ people to understand each other. Here is a ___15___ , When in Rome, do as the Romans do .

答案:1. for 2. ideas 3. welcomed 4. surprised 5. doesnt 6. in 7. to 8. we 9. visits 10. usually 11. or 12. friends 13. times 14. for 15. say

篇3：中考动词短文填空

这个新题型失分率高, 区分度大, 笔者根据自己多年的教学实践, 整理出以下答题思路、技巧和方法, 希望能给广大考生以帮助。

一、充实语法知识

做好这类题需要对常考词类的词形变化做到心中有数。

(一) 名词:主要有三种变形

1. 单数变复数, 如child-children, leaf-leaves, boy-boys;

2. 名词所有格, 如teacher-teacher’s, school-schools’;

3. 名词变为形容词, 如friend-friendly, danger-dangerous。

(二) 动词:动词变化最多也最为复杂, 要从时态、语态、主谓一致等几个方面考虑

1. 如果动词在句中作谓语, 首先要考虑时态的变化, 以动词do为例:

(1) 在有every day, often, always, usually等时间状语的一般现在时的句子中, 主语为I, you, we, they等非“单三”时保持不变, 主语为he, she, it等“单三”时变为does。

(2) 在含有yesterday, last week, five days ago等表示过去的一般过去时态的句子中变为did。

(3) 含有now, at the present, look, listen等现在进行时态标志词语的句子中, 变为am/is/are doing。

(4) 在含有already, yet, ever, never, just, for+时间段, since+时间点, in the last/past few years, so far, by now等现在完成时态的句子中, 变为have/has done。

(5) 在含有tomorrow, next month, in three days等表示将来的句子中, 变为will/be going to do。

(6) 在含有this time yesterday, when the teacher came in等表示过去某个时间点的过去时态的句子中, 变为was/were doing。

2. 我们在考虑时态的同时, 也要考虑语态。

当句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者时, 用被动语态;反之则用主动语态。如,

(1) The old should be respected (respect) by the young.

(2) The young should respect (respect) the old.

3. 如果所给的动词在句子中不作谓语, 就应该考虑用动词的非谓语动词形式。

(1) avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, keep, practice, suggest, spend+doing;

(2) want, would like, decide, learn, plan, hope, wish, agree, choose, manage, offer+to do;

(3) 在有复合宾语的情况下tell, ask, order, encourage, advise, teach, want, wish, allow+sb.+to do;

(4) 感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice, find, look at+sb.doing强调动作当时正在进行, +sb.do强调看到、听到动作的全过程或经常看见某人做某事。

(5) 情态动词can, may, must, would, could, should+do (主动态时) /be done (被动态时) 。

(6) 三大使役动词make/let/have后边的动词如果是宾语发出的动作, 则+sb.+do, 如若宾语是其后动词的承受者, 则+sb.+done。

4. 在介词和一些习惯用法和固定搭配中需将动词变为-ing形式。

如:feel like, what/how about, be interested in, look forward to, succeed in, pay attention to, stop sb.from, can’t help, be busy, be worth, have fun/problems, give up, be worth+doing sth.等。

5. 同时, 动词还要考虑词性的变化, 如work—worker, invent—invention, read—reader等。

(三) 形容词/副词

主要从原级、比较级、最高级这几个方面去考虑, 还要考虑形容词、副词两者间的互换, 以及形容词变名词或反义词的可能性也要考虑进去。如:happy—happier—happiest—happily—happiness—unhappy.

(四) 介词:此类词无需变形, 关键是从上下文的意思、逻辑以及固定搭配等方面来考虑

如wait一词, 后边到底用介词for, to还是at, 取决于后边所跟的对象和句意。如:

1. He waited for me for an hour.他等了我一个小时。

2. He waited at the bus stop for an hour.他在公交车站等了一个小时。

3. He waited to go to the cinema.他等着去看电影。

(五) 连词:从句中需用哪个连词要从逻辑关系上来判定, 如:

1.He got good grades because he always worked hard.“努力学习”是因, “取得好成绩”是果。

2.He always worked hard so he got good grades.“取得好成绩”是因, “努力学习”是果。

(六) 代词:代词有人称代词主格/宾格, 形容词性/名词性物主代词, 反身代词及复数的变化

如:I—me—my—mine—m yself—we;they—them—their—theirs—themselves.

(七) 数词:数词主要有三种变形, 基数词、序数词及频度副词

如:one—first—once;two—second—twice。

二、短文填空的解题步骤

(一) 预览目标词

首先, 把所给的十个词汇细细研究一遍, 对每个词的词性逐一了解, 分清楚所给词汇到底是动词 (-v.) , 名词 (-n.) , 形容词 (-adj.) , 数词 (-num.) , 副词 (-adv.) , 还是代词 (-pron.) 等, 然后再对词义进行初步地理解。 (2014年九年级中考)

(二) 跳读全文

带着空白把文章完整地细读一遍, 从整体上把握全篇文章的大意主旨, 为进一步理清思路作好准备。

(三) 复读短文

在理清全文脉络的基础上复读短文, 根据上下文的逻辑及语境, 用所学知识判断空白处所需的句子成分及意思, 从而来确定所要填词汇的词性, 再根据语法词法规则来判断所填词的正确形式。

(四) 三读短文

带着答案三读短文, 逐一验证答案。查看全文是否合乎逻辑, 上下文的思路是否连贯通顺, 语法、拼写、固定搭配和习惯用法是否都准确无误。

三、例题解析

短文填空:用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空, 使短文完整、正确 (每个单词限用一次, 每空只填一个单词) 。

(2014年陕西省初中毕业学业考试试题与参考答案)

Every year, on her way to work, Amelia had to pass a slum (贫民窟) .As a social worker, she had not paidmuch attention to it.This changed one day when she met a ragged (衣衫褴褛的) boy named Sam.Sam knew she was the head of social services, and that she could help.He reached out his hand and said, “Can you help me?I am looking for my dad?”His hands were so cold.Amelia said, “What’s up?”“My mom is terribly sick.Her birthday is coming.I know my father’s coming back would be the best present.My father had left us before I was two years old, ”said the boy.

Amelia was deeply moved and asked Sam to take her to his home.He led her to a small house.Amelia saw a woman lying on the bed.The woman knew she would dying.She said to Amelia, “Please find a home for my son.”

Amelia took her hand and nodded with tears (眼泪) .She had an idea!Her husband and she had no children and looked forward to having one.Later Amelia brought Sam home.Ever since then, the new family had happiness and laughter.

1.【解析】填worker, a social worker一位社会工作者, 冠词、形容词后需要一个名词;

2.【解析】填changed, 主、从句的时态需保持一致;

3.【解析】填could, 句意为“男孩知道她会帮忙的”;

4.【解析】填looking, 固定搭配look for的进行时态;

5.【解析】填cold, 系表结构, 意为“他的手那么冷”;

6.【解析】填father’s, 名词所有格, 句意为“爸爸的回来是最好的礼物”;

7.【解析】填years, 考查名词的单复数, two years old“两岁”;

8.【解析】填deeply, 考查形容词变副词以修饰动词, “Amelia被深深地打动了”;

9.【解析】填home, 冠词后必加名词, 句意为“请为我的儿子找个家”;

10.【解析】填took, 在句子中作谓语, 需与其后nodded在时态上取得一致, 句意为“她抓住她的手, 含泪点了点头”。

总之, 考生们在考前复习中要加强短文填空题的练习, 把语法知识灵活运用于其中, 不断地实践、不断地总结, 熟练答题方法和策略, 提高阅读理解能力以及对问题的理解、分析和逻辑推理能力。

摘要：紧随中考改革的步伐, 陕西省的中考也在20112014年推陈出新, 创设了短文填空这一新题型。这个题型要求学生在保证短文意思完整, 逻辑通顺合理的前提下, 把十个打乱次序的词汇用其正确形式填入文中空白处。较之以前的“用所给词的适当形式填空”难度增加, 导致考生在此题上失分率增高。所以, 知识的储备, 答题策略的提高是做好这道题的关键。作者从中考短文填空的命题特点、答题技巧和方法出发, 系统阐述了学生应具备的基础语法知识, 解答短文填空题的策略、步骤。

篇4：“动词填空”精练

1. Mary often_____ (do) her homework in the evening.

2. Please let the little boy_____ (try) a second time.

3. —Do you remember_____ (see) me somewhere in Shanghai?

—Yes, of course. Two years ago.

4. A talk on science_____ (give) in our school next Monday.

5. I’m sorry, Mr White can’t come. He_____ (have) a meeting.

6. —What did the teacher say just now?

—He said that the earth_____ (go) round the sun.

7. Physics_____ (be) my favorite subject.

8. Do you know when he_____ (come) back tomorrow?

9. Look! One of the girls_____ (clean) the door.

10. —When did you see Carl, Tom?

—I saw him while I_____ (get) off the train.

11. He_____ (live) in Changsha since 1958.

12. I think he will be very happy_____ (see) it.

13. Would you like_____ (fly) a kite with me?

14. I_____ (be ) to Beijing once. I_____ (go) there last July.

15. The teacher made him_____ (write) the word five times.

16. Young trees must_____ (water) well when it is dry.

17. I saw him_____ (play) basketball on the playground on my way home.

18. —This computer doesn’t work.

—Really? I’ll have it_____ (repair) tomorrow.

19. —_____ you_____ (buy) a ticket for the football match?

—Not yet.

20. My grandpa wants_____ (travel) around the world because he enjoys

_____(see) new places.

21. Jim’s father is used to_____ (work) in China.

22. My sister practises_____ (speak) English every day.

23. The teacher told us_____ (arrive) at the school on time.

24. Jim spent three years_____ (learn) Chinese before he came to China.

25. It took me an hour_____ (finish)_____ (do) the work last night.

26. The two boys prefer watching TV to_____ (play) games.

27. The foreigners_____ (visit) our school in an hour.

28. I_____ (phone) my aunt three times today but her line was always busy.

29. They_____ (talk) about the TV play when I came into the room yesterday.

30. Could you please go_____ (dance) with us?

31. Thank you for_____ (come) to see me.

32. We have worked for three hours. Now let’s stop_____ (have) a rest.

33. —Dad, please open the door. It_____ (lock).

—OK. I’m coming.

34. His grandma has been_____ (die) for about two years.

35. The Greens_____ (watch) TV at this time yesterday.

篇5：动词填空巧应对

动词是英语句子中的核心，动词的形式与动词类型、句子结构、主语的人称、时间状语和上下文等都有密切的联系。动词的学习和应用是英语学习和各类英语测试的重点之一。“动词填空”也是全国中学生英语能力竞赛试题中的一大题型，共有10道小题，且一般是在一篇短文中。

英语的动词形式虽然比较复杂，但有很强的规律性。因此，我们做“动词填空”题必须查找动词与各方面的联系，确保准确无误。

要做好“动词填空”题，必须首先清楚动词的种类和形式。动词分连系动词、情态动词、助动词和实义动词四类，各类动词在不同的句子和上下文中都有形式上的变化。除了原形外，动词还有第三人称单数、过去式和-ing形式。不同的时间发生的动作要用不同的动词形式。有的时态必须借助其他的助动词才能构成谓语。

要确定正确的动词形式，必须熟悉相应的时间状语，要找上下文的联系，还要看句子主语的人称和数。

首先是通过时间状语确定动词时态，时间状语可能是单词，也可能是短语，还可能是个句子。清楚了时间，才能确定动词用什么时态。短文中的动词填空，句中可能没有明显的时间状语，这就要看句意和上下文的动词形式，通过上下文来确定。

有的动词必须遵循“主谓一致”的原则。动词形式必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致。主语是第三人称单数，动词也必须用第三人称单数形式。有的句子有两个或两个以上的并列主语，则要求谓语动词与临近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如There be结构的句式，如果后面有几个并列的主语，而且有单数也有复数时，be动词的形式与它最近的一个主语的数保持一致。

另一个重要的线索是“句式结构”。有的动词只靠时间状语、上下文或句子的主语还不能确定，还要看句子结构，看它们的搭配。如let（have, see, watch）sb do（doing） sth后面的动词必须用原形或动词-ing； had better do sth结构的better后的动词也要用动词原形；want to do sth或 want sb to do sth等词后的动词必须用带to的不定式；finish 后的动词必须用动词-ing形式；有的动词后用动词-ing形式和不定式都可以，但意思不同，而有的二者意义没有多大区别。这些结构都决定动词的形式。所以，要做好动词填空题，必须要综合考虑动词类型、时间状语、上下文、主谓一致和句式结构。

篇6：短文填空

Ⅷ.短文填空.(每空2分,共16分)根据下面的短文内容, 在短文后的空格处填上一个恰当的词, 使短文完整, 通顺.How often do you have dinner with your family? Studies show that family dinner hour is 78 important part of health living.When family members eat together, they are more likely(可能的)to 79 more fruit and vegetables and less junk food.When younger kids often eat dinner 80 their family, they are less likely to be overweight(超重的).In the US, about one in five children aged 6—19 81 overweight.That puts them at higher risk of many health problems later in life.“One of the simplest ways for 82 to understand their teenagers better is by having family dinners often,” said Joseph Califano Jr, an expert 83 Columbia University.Joseph 84 a national phone survey(调查)of 1,000 teenagers and 829 parents of teenagers.The survey results show that eating dinner as a family helped kids in many ways.It helped 85 get better grades, and kept them away from bad habits like smoking, drinking and taking drugs.78.an.79 eat 80 with 81 are 82 parents 83from 84did 85them

篇7：初中英语动词适当形式填空

1、I’ll give the book to him as soon as he back(come).2、3、I don’t know whether Mother4、She on her coat and went out.(put)

5、“What are they doing?”“Theyready for the sports meeting.”(get)

6、him go and play basketball.(let)

7、I’m sorry to keep you

8、It(finish)his homework yesterday.9、If it an interesting film, we’ll see it tomorrow.(be)

10、They usually(do)their homework after supper.11、(sing)in the next room now? 12、13、Mr.Yu

14、They will have a trip(旅行)to the Great Wall if it15、(listen)to the radio in the morning.16、Tan： “Father, may I go out and play football?”Father： “(do)your homework?”

17、(hear)that a famous musician(音乐家)（音乐会）this Saturday evening.18、Our teacher told us if it(not snow)we would visit the Science Museum the next day.19、They often(play)football in the afternoon.20、-What’re you doing Dad?-I(mend)the radio.21、Let’s(carry)the boxes to the house.22、Yesterday she(want)very much to see the film, but she couldn’t(get)a ticket.23、I(write)to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.24、Mike(visit)several places since he came to Beijing.25、He(write)four letters to his wife every month.26、Don’t make any noise, Grandma(sleep).27、His aunt(do)some cooking when he came in.28、When they(reach)the station, the train had already left.29、There 30、We 少年时代)

31、Sometimes my father

32、They(have)an English evening next week.33、I’m very glad(hear)that.34、Wei Fang isn’t here.She(go)to the reading-room.35、The story

36、They(visit)the History Museum last week.37、Zhang Hong(make)many friends since she came to Paris.38、She(go)to the cinema with her classmates tomorrow evening.39、Stay here, bag.Don’t go out.It40、41、The scientist(give)us a talk yesterday.42、My parents(live)in Beijing since 1949.43、Look!The young worker(show)the students around the factory now.44、They(build)a new bridge over the river next year.45、(clean)their classroom tomorrow.46、My father is very busy.He often 47、48、(have)a basketball match now.Let’s(watch).49、(work)in this factory for ten years.50、“What makes you(think)I’m a farmer?” the Frenchman asked.51、It’s not easy52、Have you finished

53、It(snow)hard now.You’d better

54、(go)to work by bus.55、Hurry up or we(be)late for class.56、Li Ping usually(watch)TV after supper.57、I don’t know how58、“you(hear)from your uncle recently?”

篇8：如何做好短文填空题

这类题本身的特征是英语学习的综合体现, 集完形、阅读为一身, 是英语能力的一个综合体现。从学生情况来看, 在实际教学中, 根据班级学生的平时作业和考试情况, 短文填空是最容易丢分的地方。对于中等、学习吃力点的学生来说, 得分相当困难。这一方面与学生平时的积累有关, 要求学生有过硬的基础知识, 另一方面也要求学生要解题有方。很多学生在心理上已经惧怕这类题。

一、短文填空题型的分析

此类题并不是完全没有方法可寻。

对近几年的短文填空进行分析, 得出:

考试的分布很明显, 而且重点也很突出。从中考的体裁来分析, 主要为叙述文和议论文, 主题多与学生生活相关。在平时的训练中就让学生知己知彼, 了解此类题并非那么鞭长莫及。

二、解题技巧

1.跳过空格, 通读短文, 了解大意

2.复读短文, 确定语义, 判断词形

(1) 利用上下文的语境, 结合所学过的知识, 先确定空格处所需词语的意义.

(2) 再根据空格在句子中的位置, 判断其在句中充当的成分, 从而确定所填词的词性, 再依据词语搭配和语法规则, 判断所填的词的正确形式。

3.综合考虑, 先易后难

4.复读检验, 消除疏漏

完成所有填空后, 还要再次通读全文, 看看这时的短文行文是否流畅, 意义是否连贯, 逻辑关系是否合理。复查时, 可从语法入手, 检查一下句子的时态、主谓一致、代词的性、数、格以及词语的搭配等是否正确。如果填的词是名词, 首先要考虑到单、复数的问题;如果是动词, 要考虑应使用什么时态和语态。

三、训练策略

短文填空中词形变化应该不会有大的比例, 最多一到两空, 因为难度大, 而且已经有了词形的考查。实词考查比例较大, 比较均衡分布。根据上下文意义, 确定词性是最重要的。所填的词必须是课标四会单词。文章难度一般都低于我们平时练习的篇章, 也低于卷纸上的完形填空和阅读文章。所以, 只要我们把该掌握的词汇都掌握了, 就可以拿分。

中考短文填空主要从以下几个方面入手:

1.动词:时态、人称、语态;

2.形容词或副词:比较级、最高级、最基本的用法, 修饰名词, 动词;

3.名词:单复数、所有格;

4.介词:搭配;

5.连词:搭配。这里我罗列出几类连词。 (1) 表示并列关系的:and, as well as, or... (2) 表示转折关系的:but, yet, however... (3) 表示时间关系的:when, while, after, before, then, after that... (4) 表示因果关系的:so, therefore, as a result.. (.5) 表示目的的:in order to, in orderthat , so as to, so that.. (.6) 表示列举的:for example , such as... (7) 表示总结性的:in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking...

6.代词:人称代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、不定代词的用法。

篇9：“动词填空”解题技巧

动词填空包括用动词的谓语形式和非谓语形式填空。动词谓语形式涉及到时态、语态和语气。动词非谓语形式包括动词不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词。遇到这种题型，同学们必须认真把握，细心归纳，掌握好动词的基本时态和非谓语动词的用法，下面谈谈如何做动词填空题。

一、用动词的谓语形式填空

A．如何确定谓语动词的时态

（一）可以从句子本身的时间状语来确定动词的时态。

1．一般现在时

表示经常性或习惯性的动作。与一般现在时连用的时间状语有:sometimes, usually, often, always, every day/ week/ month/ year, on Sunday(s),in the morning/ afternoon/ evening， on a day/ week/ month/ year等。例如:

He often borrows (borrow) books from the school library.

The old man listens(listen) to the radio every day.

2．一般过去时

表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：yesterday, yesterday morning/ afternoon /evening, the day before yesterday, last week/ month/year/ term/ spring/ Wednesday, at that time, just now, a moment ago, once,long before, the other day, in 1990等。例如：

Our school held(hold) a sports meeting last week.

My brother joined(join) the League in 2003.

3．一般将来时

表示将来某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。与一般将来时连用的时间状语有：tomorrow, tomorrow morning/ afternoon/ evening, the day after tomorrow, next week/ month/ year/term/ Sunday/ autumn, in a few days, in a week, before long, soon等。例如：

They will go (go )to the park tomorrow.

Who is going to/ will speak(speak) at the meeting this afternoon?

4. 现在进行时

现在进行时表示现在（说话时）正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。与现在进行时连用的时间状语有：now, right now, at the moment, these days等。例如：

He is writing(write) a letter now.

We are working(work) on a farm these days.

Look!They are running(run) on the playground.

Listen!Who is singing(sing) in the next room?

5. 过去进行时

表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。与过去进行时连用的时间状语有： this time

yesterday, at eight last night, at that time, from eight to ten, last Sunday等。例如：

My father was reading(read) newspaper at seven o’clock last night.

They were digging(dig) holes on the hill this time yesterday.

6．现在完成时

表示过去某时发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：already, yet, before, just, ever, never, this year, since…， for…， so far, up to now, in the past few years等。例如：

We have known(know) each other for about ten years.

The train has left(leave) already.

She has been (be) to Beijing only once.

7. 过去完成时

表示过去某一时刻之前（即过去的过去）已经发生的动作或存在的状态。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： by the end of last term/ month/ year， beforethatday 或由

before, when, after, by the time等引导表示过去时间的状语从句等。例如：

By the end of last term, they had learned(learn) three English songs.

When I got to the cinema, the film had already begun(begin).

8. 过去将来时

表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作，常用于宾语从句中，其主句的谓语动词常用过去时。例如：

He said that he would ring(ring)me up when he got to Shanghai.

My uncle said that he would draw(draw) a beautiful horse for me the next day.

(二)从上下文所提供的时间关系及句子的意思来确定谓语动词的时态。例如：

Don’tmakeanynoise . The baby ____ (sleep).

本句虽没有表示现在时间的状语now，但由于前面的祈使句表示的是现在的情况，根据上下文的意思，后句应用现在进行时，所以此处应填

issleeping。

（三）根据主句和从句的关系来确定谓语动词的时态。

在含有时间或条件状语从句的复合句中，主句的谓语动词如果是将来时，那么从句的谓语动词则应用一般现在时表示将来；在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，主句的谓语动词如果是过去时，那么从句的谓语动词一般也应用过去的某种时态。应该注意的是：当从句表示的是客观真理时，从句的谓语动词应该用一般现在时。例如：

If he comescome） tomorrow, I will go（go） to town with him.

The teacher said（say) the earth goes（go） round the sun.

B. 如何确定谓语动词的语态

确定谓语动词的语态，需要在弄懂句子基本意思的前提下才能完成。如果所给动词的主语是这个动作的执行者，该动词就该用主动语态；如所给动词的主语是这个动作的承受者，该动词就用被动语态。例如：

The hospital was built(build) in 1985.

The flowers must be watered(water) every day.

二、用动词的非谓语形式填空

（一）常接不定式的词语或结构

1． want, hope, learn, wish, decide,would like等接带to 的动词不定式。例如：

I want to borrow（borrow） some books on maths.

2．在“ask/ tell/ invite sb.”后面用带to 的动词不定式。例如：

The teacher asked us to read（read） the text.

3. 在“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”句型中，用动词不定式结构。例如：

It takes me twenty minutes to walk (walk) to school every day.

4. 在“It is time (for sb.) to do sth.”结构中，用动词不定式结构。例如：

It’s time for us to play（play） games.

5．不定式可以和疑问词（如what, where, when, who, how等）连用, 构成不定式短语，可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语等。例如：

I don’t know what to do（do） next.

He doesn’t know where to go（go）.

6. 在动词see, hear, watch, notice,let, make等动词的后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式一般不带to。 help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可带to,也可不带to。需要注意的是，以上动词改为被动语态时，其后的动词不定式一定要带to。例如：

They made him work（work） twelve hours a day.

He was made to work（work） twelve hours a day.

7．在“Why not do sth.?” “You’d better (not) do sth.” “Will you please(not) do sth. ?”等结构中，用不带to 的动词不定式。例如：

Why not ask（ask） the teacher?

You’d better wear（wear） more clothes.

(二)常接v-ing形式的词语及结构

enjoy, keep, finish, What/ How about, be good at, thanks/ thank you for, be interested in, be afraid of, be busy等后面常接v-ing形式。另外，“see/ watch/ hear/ feel sb. doing sth.”表示“看到/观看/听见/感到某人正在做某事”。例如：

He enjoys listening(listen) to the radio.

She is good at drawing(draw)birds and flowers.

We heard her singing(sing) a song.

(三)既可跟不定式也可跟v-ing形式的结构

begin, start, like, love, hate接动词不定式或v-ing形式作宾语意思没有多大区别。但like 后接v-ing形式指经常性的动作，接不定式指一次性的动作。例如：

My brother likes playing（play）football, but he doesn’t liketo play（play） football this afternoon.

某些动词后接不定式和接

v-ing形式意义相反或差别很大。stop接v-ing形式表示“停止正在做的事情”；接不定式则表示“停下来去做另一件事”。例如：

It’s time for class. Please stop talking（talk）.

When he saw me, he stopped to talk（talk） to me.

forget, remember接v-ing形式表示“忘了/记得曾经做过某事”；跟不定式则表示“忘记/记住去做某事（此事还未做）”。例如：

I remember giving （give）the book to the library.