therebe句型的专题

therebe句型的专题（通用8篇）

篇1：therebe句型的专题

Therebe句型的用法

作者: 阅读: 90 时间: 2010-10-13 15:21:02

一、构成：There be...句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were)+名词+地点状语。例如：

There are fifty-two students in our class.There is a pencil in my pencil-case.There was an old house by the river five years ago.二、各种句式：

否定句：There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。即：no + n.（名词）= not aanany + n.（名词）。注意：no + n.（可数名词单数）= not aan + n.（可数名词单数）；no + n.（可数名词复数）= not any + n.（可数名词复数）；no + n.（不可数名词）= not any + n.（不可数名词）。例如：

There is an orange in her bag.→There isn’t an orange in her bag.→There is no orange in her bag.There are some oranges in her bag.→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.→There are no oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.→There isn’t any juice in the bottle.→There is no juice in the bottle.一般疑问句：There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。例如：

There is some money in her handbag.→ Is there any money in her handbag?(疑问句和否定句中，some改为any, something改为anything.)

There is something new in today’s newspaper.→There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper?

特殊疑问句：

There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式：

① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Who’s + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “What’s + 介词短语?”。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There is a bird in the tree.→What’s in the tree? There are some bikes over there.→What’s over there?

There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?

② 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如： There is a computer in my office.→ Where is the computer?----It’s in my office.There are four children in the classroom.→Where are the four children?—They’ re in the classroom.③ 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式： 如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”表示：

There are twelve months in a year.→How many months are there in a year?

There is only one book in my bag.→ How many books are there in your bag?

There is a cat in the box.→ How many cats are there in the box?

如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”表示：

There is some money in my purse.How much money is there in

your purse?

反意疑问句：There be或There加其它动词，其反意疑问句一律用„there? 例如：

There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there?

There used to be no school here, used there did there?

三、注意事项：

1.There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”“was”。例如：

There is a basketball in the box.There is a little milk in the glass.如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are” “were”。例如： There are many birds in the tree.There were many people in the street yesterday.如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。例如：

There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.2.There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语(如和将来时be going to will、现在完成时 havehas + pp.、used to结构等连用，注意其构成形式,这一内容在我们日常练习中经常出现错误,是一难点,也是历年中考试题中的一个考点.)。例如：

There must be a pen in the box.There happened to be some money in my pocket.There is going to be a meeting tonight.There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.There used to be a church across from the bank.3.There be句型和havehas的区别：

There be句型表示 “存在有”, havehas表示 “拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：

桌子上有三本书.There are three books on the desk.我有三本书.I have three books.4.There be + 主语 + doing +介词短语.例如：

There is a truck collecting rubish outside.There is a wallet lying on the ground.四、练习：Choose the best answers.1.There isn’t _____water in the glass.Let’s go and get some.A.many B.lots C.any D.some 2.There ___a lot of news about Zhang Ziyi on TV last night.A.was B.had C.is D.were 3.There ____ many changes in the village recently.A.is B.are C.have been D.to be

4.---There _______a lot of meat on the plate.Would you like some?

---Just a little, please.A.is B.are C.am D.be

5.There _______ some books, a ballpen and a ruler on the desk.A.is B.are C.have D.has

6.There _______ a ballpen, a ruler and some books on the desk.A.is B.are C.have D.has

7.There is a boy _______at the door.A.stand B.standing C.stood D.is standing

8.---_______is in the house?

---There is an old women in the house.A.What B.Whose C.Who D.Which 9.There used to be a tower here, _____? A.usedn’t it B.used there C.didn’t it D.didn’t there 10.There ____a meeting tonight.A.is going be B.is going to have C.is going to D.is going to be Key 1-5 CACAB 6-10 ABCDD

篇2：therebe句型的专题

王芳娟

小 学 英 语

武功县实验小学

2018-9

There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。②There are +可数名词的复数形式

There are some pictures on the wall.墙上有些图画。There are two apples in the basket.篮子里有两个苹果。

3、就近原则

如果there be 句型中有两个或两个以上的主语时，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致。如：

There is 书桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。There are 书桌上有一些书和钢笔。1.There _____a clock on the table.A.is B.are 2.There _____some water in the bottle.A.are B.is 3.There ____some students in the classroom.A.are B.is 4.There _____ a pencil, a book and two pens on the table.A.is B.are

三、There be 句型的变化

1、变成否定句

There be+not+某人/某物+地点状语。

There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not.注意，is not的缩写是isn’t，are not的缩写是aren’t.当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any。如： 1.There is a knife in the kitchen.否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.四、总结: there be口诀

There be有特点，主语放在be后面。be可变身is/are，there永远不变化。单数is复数are，不可数的还是is它。变疑问很简单，be须大写来提前。变否定也不难，be后要把not添。肯定句中用some，否定疑问any换。多个主语并列用，就近原则来通融。地点是位大个子，排队站在最后面。

五、Homework 语法整理一遍背诵

六、教学反思

篇3：Therebe句型的用法

There are two small markets on my left

在我的左边有两个小市场

There is some bread on the table

在桌子上有些面包

(2) 在there be (is, are) 句型中, 第一个 (名词、代词) 是单数用is, 第二个名词是复数用are

There are two apples and a pear in the basket.

There is an eraser and some books on the desk.

(3) 对there be句型中数词划线提问, 用How many+名词复数+are there+其他

There is a boat in the river.

How many boats are there in the river?

(4) 对there be句型中整个主语提问, 用what's+介词短语。

There is a boat in the river.

What's in the river?

(5) there be句型变一般疑问句时, be动词提到句首;变否定句式, 直接在be动词后加not, 如有some一般要变为any, 其肯定回答是Yes, there is/are否定回答是NO, there is n't/aren't.

(6) There be句型用于将来时, 其结构There is going to be或There will be.

There is going to be a film this afternoon.

今天下午有一场电影

或There will be a film this afternoon.

(7) there be句型与have/has

There be句型与have/has都可译为:“有”, 但它们的含义不同, there be句型强调一种客观存在, 而have/has强调的是:“拥有”, 指一种所有关系。如:

My father has many watches.我父亲有很多手表 (手表属于我的父亲)

There is a pencil on your table.有一枝铅笔在你的桌上。 (并没有说明铅笔属于哪个)

(8) there be+ (名词、代词) +动词ing.

There are some groups of people walking in the park.

篇4：完成句子训练——特殊句型专题

1. Round the corner___________(一辆小汽车来了). (come)

2. Out _____________ (一群孩子冲了出来). (rush)

3. He enjoys pop music and___________(我也喜欢).(so)

4.Our eating habits have changed,___________(我们的生活方式也一样). (as)

5. If you don’t want to go there,___________(我也不去).(neither)

6. Not a single word___________ (他说) at the beginning.(say)

7. Not until now ___________(我才意识到)how much time I have wasted. (realize)

8. Nowhere else ___________ (我看过) abetter performance.(see)

9. Hardly ___________ (我刚一坐下)when the bell rang. (sit)

10.No sooner ___________ (他刚一到达) than it began to rain.(arrive)

11.Not only___________(把我们所有的钱都丢了) but we also came close to losing our lives.(lose)

12. Little___________(他很少考虑) whatothers think. (care)

13. On no account___________(我们决不会屈服) the terrorism.(give)

14.Only when the firemen came___________(他才得以逃脱) from the big fire. (able)

15. So loudly___________ (他们交谈) that Icouldn’t be absorbed in my work. (talk)

16. Should ___________ (如果你有) in any trouble, you can turn to me.(be)

17. Had ___________ (你要是早些问了我),I would have given you his address.(ask)

18. ___________ (虽然他是个英雄)， he remains modest.(as)

19. ___________(无论多么难)，I willmake every effort to do it well.(however)

20. ___________ (到底是在哪儿) youcame across him？（where）

21. ___________ (到底为什么) you don’tlike him?(why)

22. He wanted to swim in the lake but I___________(警告他不要). (warn)

23. —Why didn’t you attend Mike’s birthday party?

—I ___________(本应该)，but I forgot it. (should)

24. —How are you getting on with your work?

—Oh, I am sorry. Things aren’t going sowell ___________(如计划).（plan）

25. Once ___________ (出版)， the book will sell well.(publish)

答案：

1. came a car2. rushed a group of children3. so do I4. as has our way of life5. neither / nor will / shall I6. did he say7. do I realize8. have I seen9. had I sat down10. had he arrived11. did we lose all our money12. does he care about13. will we give in to14. was he able to escape15. did they talk16. you be17. you asked me earlier18. Hero as he is19. However hard it is

篇5：therebe句型的专题

There be 后接名词加主语的倒装形式。疑问句形式是将be或will/have/can/must等助动词、情态动词提至there之前，否定形式则直接在be或助动词、情态动词后加not，因此要表达“某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物或人”的时候常用“There be + 名词+ 地点(时间)这一句型。

就近原则：be和其后的主语在数上一致

eg. There are five books,two pens and a ruler in the school bag.

There is a ruler,two pens and five books in the school bag.

单复数：主语是复数却表示整体时，仍使用is。

eg. There is still another 20 miles to drive.

There is no 加 v-ing = It is impossible to 加 v原形：

eg. There is no knowing what happened on him. =It is impossible to know what happened on him.

初中therebe句型精选教案优秀范二

There be 句型难点解析

一、There be 句型常用的时态形式有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时和过去完成时。例如：

1. There is someone at the door to see you. 门口有人找你。

2. There will be a meeting this evening.

今晚有个约会。

3. ---Have there been any letters from Jack lately?近日有杰克的来信吗?

---No, there hasn’t. 不，没有。

4. There had been many such accidents before you came.

你来之前就有过很多起这样的事故。

二、There be 句型中be 前面可用一些半助动词，如：be about to (就要), be certain to (一定会), be going to (将要),be likely to (可能), be to (要), had better , have to (必须), used to (过去常), appear/seem/happen to (似乎/恰好)等。例如：

1. There used to be a grocery store on the corner. 以前在这个街口有家杂货店。

2. There is certain to be something wrong with the engine. = It appears / is certain that there is something wrong with the engine.

发动机一定是出了毛病。

3. There appears to have been a nasty accident. 似乎有一起严重的事故。

三、 There be 句型中的替换词有：come (来), develop (产生), exist (存在), fall (落下), follow (跟随), happen (发生), lie (躺着), live (住着), occur (发生), remain (还有), rise (升起),stand (站着)等。这些动词可以有时态变化，及物动词还可以有语态变化。例如：

1. There fell a deep silence. 突然一片寂静。

2.There remains one more test to be carried out before putting the instrument into operation. 在使用这一设备之前要完成一项试验。

3. Not long after this, there occurred a sudden revolution in public taste. 此后不久，公众的情趣发生了突然的变化。

4. There stands at the center of the square the Monument to the People’s Heroes. 在广场的中央矗立着人民英雄纪念碑。

四、There be 句型中，谓语动词和合后面的主语在数方面保持一致。如果有两个或更多的主语，则与离动词最近的那个主语保持一致。例如：

There is only a table, four chairs and a small bed in the room.

房子里有一张桌子，四把椅子和一张小床。

五、There be 句型有不定式、现在分词和动名词形式，在句中用作主语、宾语、定语或状语等。例如：

1. There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage.

公共汽车站离家这么近是一个很有利的条件。(There being a bus 用作主语)

2. I don’t want there to be any misunderstanding. 湖北不想引起任何误解。(There to be 作宾语)

3. No one would have dreamt of there being such a fine place.

谁也没想到会有这样的一个好地方。(There being

在句子中作介词of的宾语。需注意的是，结构若出现在介词for的后面则要用动词不定式;若出现在其他介词后面则要用动名词)

4. There being no bus, we had to walk home. 因为没有公共汽车，湖北们只好步行回家。

(“There being + 名词”构成独立主格结构，在句中作状语)

六、“There be no doing” 表示“不可能做”。例如：

1. There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史车轮不可阻挡。

2. There’s no saying what he’ll be doing next. 他接下去要做什么，很难断言。

3. There is no bearing such rude remarks. 如此粗话，叫人根本无法忍受

初中therebe句型精选教案优秀范三

1、there be结构表示“某时、某地存在着什么事物或人”，包括there is、there are、there was、there were。

2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is或was;主语是复数，be 动词用are或were;如有几件物品，be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定——“就近原则”。

3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。

4、some和any在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。

5、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。

6、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：

How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语?

How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?

7、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： What’s + 介词短语?

练一练：用恰当的be动词填空。

1) There ______ four seasons in a year.

2) There ______not any trees two years ago.

3) - ______there a post office near your school?

-Yes, there ______.

4) -How many stops ______there?

-There______only one.

5) There ______not any stamps on the envelope.

6) ______ there any birds in the tree?

7) There______ a shopping centre near our school last year. But now there______ no one.

8) There ______only three of us: my dad, my mum and me.

篇6：therebe句型的专题

“There be句型”(存在句)广泛存在于同学们的作文中。表示某个地方存在某物或某人，可以翻译成有的意思，Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。 there be意为存在，强调某地有某物，不表示所属关系。 在表示结构上的含有时，也可以用there be句型。

There be 后面的名词是句子的主语，属倒装结构。疑问句形式是将be或will/have/can/must等助动词、情态动词提至there之前，否定形式则直接在be或助动词、情态动词后加not，因此要表达“某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物或人”的时候常用“There be + 名词+ 地点(时间)这一句型。

There are some sharks.

这有鲨鱼。

Excuse me. Is there a repair shop near here for MP3?

打搅了，附近有MP3维修店吗?

There are lots of people who can actually help you.

有许多可以实际帮助你的人们。

具体用法：

1、There be 句型中的be 应和其后出现的补充

语在数上一致，即“就近原则”，如：

There is a lamp on the table.

There are some apples in the bowl.

There are five books,two pens and a ruler in the school bag.

There is a ruler,two pens and five books in the school bag.

2、如果补语是复数名词，却表示一笔金额或一个总数或表达一个单个概念时，则仍用单数be形式，如：

There is five hundred dollars to pay.

There is still another 20 miles to drive.

There is duck and green vegetables for supper.

3、There be 中的be 有时可以是lie,stand,used to be,seem to be,appear to be 等，如：

There lies a river to the south.

There lived an old man in the small house.

There stood a temple near the river.

There used to be a castle at the foot of the hill.

4、There is(was)+not +doing结构相当于It is(was) impossible to +动词原形，如：

There is not going home. =It is impossible to go home.

There is not living with him.=It is impossible to live with him. 。

There is not knowing what may happen. =It is impossible to know what may happen

但是There be这个常用句型，在很多人的作文中已经成为了一种常错句型。

错误一：与have混用

我们都知道，“There be句型”表示“有……”这个意思。而除了这个句型之外，平时同学们还会经常用“have/has”来表达“有……”。因此，乌龙就出现了，常常会有人把there be错用成there have。这简直是中学里“师见打”的错误表达。例如，要表达“楼梯上有只猫”的时候。会有人把”There is a cat on the stairway.”错用成”There has a cat on the stairway.”

不说there have这种句型本身就不存在，实际上，there be和have在表示“有”的含义时，上下文的搭配也是不一样的。

“Have”表示拥有，主语往往是人

例如：

Do you have a soccer ball? (你有个足球吗?)

而且，比较正式的“拥有”，我们还可以用possess来替换have，常用来表示拥有财产：

He possesses a nice garden. (他有一座漂亮的花园。)

而“There be”表示存在，说得通俗一点，就是“……(地方)有……”，

例如：

There is a village on the river. (河边有个村子。)

所以在there be和have不混用的情况下，两者也不能直接互相替换，需要结合具体语境。

错误二：there be的冗余使用

在解析这种常见错误之前，先让同学们试着翻译一个句子：

“有些人认为年轻人应该遵循他们社会的传统。”(可以将你的翻译放在留言区哦)

此时，会不会有同学第一反应是写成：There are some people think that young people should follow traditions of their society?

如果这么写，那么已经掉到陷阱里去了。这里出现了一个使用“There be句型”时的常见错误，即句子中出现多个谓语——又是are，又是think。

稍微“机智”一点的同学会说：“老师，那我这里把后面的think改成thinking不就好了吗?”又或是有人在后面加一个定语从句，写成：“There are some people who think that young people should follow traditions of their society.”

乍一看，好像句子是没语法问题了，但是这里，无论是哪一种改法，都不能称之为地道的表达。

想一想，这里我们为什么一定要使用“there be句型”?因为“有”些人?你要强调的内容到底是“这么想的人是存在的”，还是他们认为的观点?答案很显然是后者。

所以，这里，最好的写法其实是直接“Some people think that young people should follow traditions of their society.”原句中的“有些人”，相当于“一些人”，直接用“some people”表述就可以，完全不需要用到“there be句型”。

雅思写作范文：新发明-飞行器

Task: Motorized flight is the greatest invention in the history. No other inventions exerts greater impact. do you agree or disagree.

New scientific inventions have dramatically changed the way people live. Motorized flight is one of the key inventions in the history of technology. However, as far as I am concerned, the impact of motorized flight can be not considered the greatest among all inventions.

Apart from the motorized flight, other inventions have contributed enormously to our everyday life as well. Especially since the “industrial revolution” took place, our lives have been made much more convenient by inventions such as trains , computers and internet. Each invention has its different functions and works in different fields. As a result, it is hard to compare that which one exerts greater impact. Even a pair of chopsticks has impacted for almost 5000 years on the habit how people eat in China.

In addition, we should not only focus on the motorized flight itself to announce that it is the most important invention. Admittedly, it made the dream of human being become true, which people had been dreaming for so long to fly in the sky. From thunder and lightning to the electrical light, from the invention of the wheel to the car,and of course, without the invention of the screw; nail; hammer and motor, there will be no airplane.

In conclusion, the steps of inventing new products will never stop in our fast-developing society. Without suggesting all the inventions are equally good, I think we should not ignore other small inventions as well, because every invention can be our friends and support our way of life.

雅思写作范文分享：自私与贪婪

Individual greed and selfishness has been the basis of the modern society. Someone think that we must return to the olds, more traditional values of respect for the family and the local community in order to create a better world to live in. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

We are in a selfish world today. We are so busy looking out for number one, so saturated by our own problems, our own issues and our own little and often petty concerns that we failed to see how all could grow and being benefited by working together as a team. As far as I am concerned, the reason of the individual greed and selfishness were actually caused by the faster and faster development and more and more competition of the society.

Some people yearn to return to the old and traditional values of respect for the family and the local community in order to create a better world to live in. According to them , people were more honest and warm-hearted and the manner of traditional treating each other was simple and selfless in the past.

Personally, I do not support this view . Even in the past, greed and selfishness existed in our society. These two factors never disappeared since human have instinctive material needs, individual wants and desires would swell surely with the advances of life and society. Moreover, old tradition has its own limit and could only adapt for a certain period. I believe that the key point here is to create a better world is the way of formulating moral criteria and improving the spiritual education. For example, religions play a significant role in respect for the family and the community.

To sum up, selfishness and greed cannot be avoided and eliminated, because they exist, more or less, in everyone’s heart, even sometimes they contribute to the prosperity. To control them depends on the well basic education from every part of our society, such as family, communities, academic institutions, etc.

雅思写作范文：城市庞大的原因及后果

Since cities have changed a lot, the size of the cities has grown enormously. Discuss the causes and consequence of the enormous size of cities.

Nowadays, the maps of cities are updated frequently. With the development of city, more and more suburbs become parts of the city. When the cities in the world are amplifying constantly, people discuss the topic hotly, the causes and consequence of the enormous cities. Different people have different answers by their respective views.

In my opinion, the evolution of society and the development of economy result in the growth of the vast size of cities. Since the number of population in every city is increasing continually, people need a large amount of space to live in. With the progress of the technology, the output of crops rises sharply. Fewer and fewer farmers are required, as a result, more and more villages urbanize. The growth of the cities brings us many huge changes.

There are more job opportunities in the cities. For instance, China will hold the Olympic Games in Beijing in . The government is amplifying the size of Beijing to build new gyms in order to hold it excellently. Obviously, people in the cities could gain a lot of new jobs.

Of course, the enormous size of cities also has bad effects. Pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world with the amplification of the cities. For example, the poisonous gas sent off by factories and automobiles has made the air unhealthy for people to breathe. Water waste keeps pouring into rivers and lakes; as a result, many water species are dying out. Furthermore, more people the city have, more rubbish we can find.

In a word, since each coin has two sides, we should be acquainted clearly with the reasons why the size of the cities has grown enormously and what it will bring us. Thus, we could make full use of the positive effects and overcome the negative effects.

篇7：再谈Therebe句型

一、句型构成

There be句型表示某处有 (或存在) 某人或某物, 其基本结构为:“There be+某人/某物+地点状语”。在这一结构中, 谓语be在前, 主语在后, 形成主谓倒装, there仅起引导作用, 本身并无词义。如:

There is a river in the picture.

二、There be结构的主语

There be结构中be动词后面的名词是主语, 这些名词前通常有a, an, some, any, all等不定代词修饰。如:

There is a book on the desk.

三、There be结构的谓语

1.There be结构中的谓语动词是be, 它在人称和数的变化上应与其后的主语 (名词) 保持一致。当主语是单数名词或不可数名词时, 谓语动词用单数形式;当主语是名词复数时, 谓语动词用复数形式。如:

There is some money in the purse.

There are two children in the room.

注意:如果There be句型后的主语是几个并列的名词时, 必须采取就近原则, 即谓语动词应与其紧邻的主语保持一致。如:

There is a dog and two cats under the tree.

There are two pens and an eraser in the pencil-box.

2.There be结构中be有时态的变化, 也可与情态动词连用。如:

There will be a football match next Sunday. (将来时)

How many students were there in your school last year? (过去时)

There hasn’t been any rain for some days. (现在完成时)

There must be little time left. (与情态动词连用)

3.There be结构中的谓语动词有时不直接用be, 而用某些连系动词、形容词或过去分词+to be, 常见的有:There seems to be, There sure to be, There happened to be。be还可以用不及物动词live, lie, stand, come等表示“存在”, “位置移动”的动词代替。如:

There seemed to be no fears over her health.

There lived a poor farmer here many years ago.

四、There be结构的句式变化

1.否定句:There be结构的否定式是将not加在be动词之后, 也可在主语前加no。如:

There aren’t any apples on the tree.=There are no apples on the tree.

2.特殊疑问句:若对There be句型中的主语提问, 无论主语是单数还是复数, 均用is。如:

There are some balls on the table.→What’s on the table?

3.反意疑问句:There be句型的反意疑问句必须用there进行反问, 需要注意的是, 句型中如果有seldom, hardly, little, few, no, nothing, nobody之类的否定词或半否定词, 则该部分应看作否定, 反意疑问部分须用肯定式。如果句中带有否定前缀的词, 则该部分应看作肯定, 反意疑问部分仍要用否定式。如:

There is a map of china on the wall, isn’t there?

There is nothing to worry about, is there?

There is an unusual clock on the wall, isn’t there?

五、There be结构的特殊句式

1.There be+n.+doing此句式可用定语从句改写。如:

There’s a boy swimming in the lake.=There’s a boy who is swimming in the lake.

2.There is no+n.如:

There was no time to think.

There’s no need to thank me.I’m only doing my job.

六、There be结构与have

1.两者均表示“有”, 但have表示所属关系, 着重“所有”, 而There be则表示客观上的存在, 着重“存在”, 不说明所属关系。如:

There is a bike under the tree. (强调自行车的存在。)

I have a bike. (强调自行车属于我的。)

2.当主语是表示物或时间的名词, 且具有整体与局部的关系时, 两者可互换。如:

There are 18 classes in our school.=Our school has 18 classes.

There are seven days in a week.=A week has seven days.

3.There be句型中的be不能用have替代, 在实际运用中不存在There have, There wil have…, There is/are going to have这样的句型。

强化训练:

I.选词填空

( ) 1.—There______a concert this evening.—Yeah.Exciting news!

A.hasB.is going to beC.is going to have D.will have

( ) 2.—______there______for me on the bus?

—No, it’s crowded.

A.Is, a room B.Are, any roomsC.Are, roomsD.Is, any room

( ) 3.—What’s on the desk?—There______a dictionary and two notebooks on it.

A.isB.hasC.areD.have

( ) 4.There is some water in the bottle, ______?

A.isn’t there B.is thereC.isn’t itD.is it

( ) 5.In our school library there______a number of books on science and the number of them

______growing larger and larger.

A.is, are B.are, is C.has, are D.have, is

II.句型转换

1.There’s something to eat in the cupboard. (改为一般疑问句)

____________there____________to eat in the cupboard?

2.There is some milk in the glass. (改为否定句)

There________________________milk in the glass.

3.There is little milk in the bottle. (改为反意疑问句)

There is little milk in the bottle, ________________________?

4.There aren’t any oranges in the bag. (改为同义句)

There are________________________in the bag.

5.There’s a pear on the table. (改为复数形式)

篇8：therebe句型的专题

汉语存现句表示某地存在/出现/消失某物。我们知道，在存现句中，消失句所占比例是非常小的，我们暂不讨论，这里主要讨论的是存在句、出现句。There be句型也是表示某地存在/出现某物，而不能表示事物的消失、终止，诸如“disappear”、“end”之类的存现动词不可以出现在There be句型中。所以，二者在语义上具有共同点，都可以表示存在、出现意义。如下所示：

(1)台上坐着主席团。

(2)家里来了一位客人。

同时，以上例句也在向人们传达新的信息，因为告诉人们已知的信息是毫无意义的，这也符合人们由未知到已知的认知规律。语言的发展都是体现了一定的认知过程，而共同的认知能力又反映了相似的语言特点。汉语存现句和There be句型相似的概念功能体现了相同的认知模式：背景(环境)—存现状态和方式—存现主体。而人们共有的认知能力也决定了在表达存现过程时，英汉两种语言采用了相似的语言功能结构。

2. 句法结构与功能

汉语存现句的句法结构可以表示为A+B+C，即处所词+存现动词+存现名词。There be句型的句法结构是：There+V+NP。从表层结构来看，二者是存在区别的，但是在深层结构上看，二者具有共同点。我们知道，在There be句型中，There是一种“假位成分”(dummy element)，它位于主语和谓语之间，为倒装语序提供必要的条件。所以，“There stands a girl under the tree.”来源于英语典型的SVO句式：A girl stands under the tree当介词短语“under the tree”处于句首时，句子可以倒装，即，Under the tree stands a girl.这与汉语存现句结构十分相似，如下所示：

因此，同样表存现意义的There be句型的倒装结构与汉语存现句结构都可以表示为：存现场所+存现动词+存现主体。

此外，汉语存现句与英语There be句型都能作为一个整体出现在大句中，充当句子的主语、宾语和状语。如：(5) There to be a taxi on the top of the mountain is impossible.(6)山顶上有出租车，这是不可能的。例(5)中，整个句子的主语是“There to be a taxi on the top of the mountain”，主语比较复杂，由一个There be结构的句子充当;例(6)中，大句的主语是“山顶上有出租车”，主语由一个存现句充当。因此，汉语存现句与英语There be句型都可以充当大句的主语部分。再如：

(7) She denied there being any mistake in the article.她否认文中有错误。 (宾语)

(8) I don’t want there to be any more trouble here.我不希望这儿再有麻烦。 (宾语)

(9) There being heavy smoke in the room, we could not help coughing.因为房间里有浓烟, 我们忍不住咳嗽起来。 (状语)

以上例句可以看出，汉语存现句和There be句型在大句中都可以当作主语、宾语和状语。

英语是SVO语言，一个简单句中，没有连接词时，不能出现两个谓语动词，当There be句型作为主语、宾语或状语成分出现在句子中时，“be”动词就应该有相应的形态变化，如：being, to be。但是，执行句法功能的还是There be句型，所以，汉语存现句和There be句型是有相似的语法功能。

3. 存现主体

3.1 存现主体的无定性

汉语存现句和英语There be句型都在传达这样一个信息：某时某地存在或出现某人或某物。存现主体即句子中的存现名词，是未知的、不确定的，即无定的，所以才有告知的必要，通常向人们介绍已知道的确定的事物是毫无意义的。如：

(10) There is a book on the desk.

(11) Here come two actors from the stage.

(12)桌上有一本书。

(13)台上跑出两名演员。

以上存现主体“a book”、“two actors”、“一本书”、“两名演员”都是不确指的，即无定的。

但是在汉语存现句中，也有存现主体是确指的，如：(14)中国有一座万里长城。(15)中国历史上有个秦始皇。“万里长城”、“秦始皇”都是确指的，即有定，但这类句子数量较少。另外，这些有定名词前通常会有一个量词，如以上例句“一座”、“个”，因此形式上也是趋向于无定的。

3.2 存现主体的修饰语

汉语存现句与There be句型有相同的语义特征，都表达存现意义，二者都具有很强的描述性，描述事物的特征和事物存在的场景时，除了存现动词可以体现事物的状态外，具有无定性的存现主体本身也带有一些可描述的特征。这些特征通常体现在存现主体的修饰语上。如：

(16) There is a white piano in the sitting room. (客厅里有一架白色的钢琴。)

(17) There are 28 students in Class 2. (二班有28名学生。)

(18) There lived an old fisherman by the sea. (海边住着位老渔夫。)

(19) There are rows of trees by the river. (河边有一排排树。)

(20) There appeared bunches of flowers in the crowd. (人群中闪现出一束束鲜花。)

以上存现主体都是无定的，且作为被描述对象，都附有数量信息，如数字、多、少、量词、叠词等，如以上“一架”、“28名”、“一排排”、“一束束”等。存现名词前多有形容词修饰，构成偏正短语，如“白色的钢琴”、“老渔夫”、“树”等。存现主体前面所带的量词、形容词等修饰语在向对方介绍存在事物时提供了更多的有效信息。

正是因为存现主体的无定性，汉语存现句和There be句型都在传达新的信息。所以文学作品中通常会使用这种句型作为过渡句自然地引出新信息。另外，汉语存现句与There be句型本身的语义决定了二者有很强的描述性。所以二者也常常出现在作品的开头部分，向读者介绍时间、地点、人物活动、环境等信息，在文中起承上启下的作用。

参考文献

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