俄语专业毕业生英文求职信

俄语专业毕业生英文求职信（精选8篇）

篇1：俄语专业毕业生英文求职信

Respect for school leadership:

Hello

I am a South China Normal University Foreign Languages Institute graduates, I have loved the work of teachers, but also very much hope that can work to your school.In 2005, I have a xx by xx in the province entered the South China Normal University Department of Russian, I in the early high school when the school is English, so when entering the university in?

During the study at the university, it is not enough to just do a good job of learning, should develop their own multi-ability, I have students work in the department, which presided over?

Heavy academic universities I did not crush, cheerful personality to help me, the so-called “a Yichi, Man of the Road,” I will engage in peace?

From the sophomore year, after-school time, I began working in home work, although the specialty is Russian, but I teach are English, by virtue of their down-to-earth British?

Rigorous and realistic style of your school teaching attracted me, and I hope I can have the honor of a school, for schools of education contribute to a force I.Sincerely，Salute

篇2：俄语专业毕业生英文求职信

Respect for school leadership:

Hello!

I xx graduates Normal College of Foreign Languages, I have loved the work of teachers, but also very much hope that can work to your school.

In , I xx from Liaoning Province of Northeast Normal University, admitted to a Russian in the University, early in my high school English at school, so when entering the university in?

During the study at the university, it is not enough to just do a good job of learning, should develop their own multi-ability, I have students work in the department, which presided over?

Heavy academic universities I did not crush, cheerful personality to help me, the so-called “a Yichi, Man of the Road,” I will engage in peace?

From the sophomore year, after-school time, I began working in home work, although the specialty is Russian, but I teach are English, by virtue of their down-to-earth British?

Rigorous and realistic style of your school teaching attracted me, and I hope I can have the honor of a school, for schools of education contribute to a force I.

Sincerely,

篇3：俄语专业毕业生英文求职信

关键词：毕业论文,撰写质量,过程管理,应用人才培养,“一带一路”

一、引言

目前,许多应用型大学(高职院校)淡化毕业论文的写作,缺乏对大学生进行最基本的学术论文写作能力的训练,大学毕业生的写作能力甚至低于高中生。由于网络的发展,人们进行篇章写作(一封信,一篇文)的机会越来越少,msn、微信、QQ……众多社交软件的语音、视频交流功能代替了书写,虽然节约时间,但却导致大学生写作能力的退化。学位论文是作者从事科学研究取得的创造性成果和创新见解,并以此为内容撰写的、作为提出申请授予相应学位的评审用学术论文[1]。撰写毕业论文是本科生人才培养的重要环节[2]。从论文的开题、撰写到论文答辩的整个过程,能培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力,锻炼学生信息收集、处理问题和运用知识的综合能力,促进学生综合能力素质的提高和创新能力培养[3]。

在许多院校淡化本科论文撰写环节的背景下,黑龙江科技大学将提高本科毕业论文的质量作为加强学校内涵建设的重要内容之一。学校成立了专门的评估办,通过论文评估,对学校每届毕业论文的质量严格把关。以2016届毕业论文为例,阐释加强本科论文撰写过程管理对提高论文质量的重要性,以及毕业论文写作对训练学生的文献查找、资料阅读、现状归纳、资料筛选与整合等方面能力的重要作用。

二、规范论文的过程管理

常规毕业论文的整个环节包括确定选题、任务下达、论文开题、论文指导与撰写、中期检查、论文答辩,每个环节对保证论文质量都有重要作用。目前许多高校尤其是有硕、博培养资质的单位对本科论文的各个环节不是非常关注,这恰恰是一个误区。本科阶段是人才培养的基础阶段,学生毕业后无论是继续攻读学位还是直接就业,本科四年积淀的知识素养、各种能力都会对未来产生深远影响。如果导师能够带领学生严格认真地完成毕业论文的每一个环节,并且每个环节都要求最好的质量,那么该系统训练会对学生的工作态度、细心程度、科学论文的写作能力培养起到重要作用。

黑龙江科技大学俄语专业招收零起点二表生,以三年多的俄语知识积累撰写一篇7 000字左右的毕业论文其实不易,要求指导教师和学生都要付出十二分的努力。通过该专业几届学生的撰写实践,取得了一些经验,可为同类院校提供借鉴。

1. 任务分配及选题确定

第七学期学生已修完“学术论文写作”这门专业选修课,已了解学术论文的写作要点。毕业论文的任务下达通常在第七学期期末进行,也是对学生学习效果的检验。为提高学生对毕业论文工作的积极性,允许学生依照自己的学术兴趣自由选择导师。同时学生可自主命题,也可与导师商定,论文题目应突出应用性,避免过于学术化,选题方向为俄罗斯学、语言学、俄罗斯文学与文化、翻译学。

2. 论文开题

论文的开题通常在第八学期初、学生毕业实习返校后进行。指导教师组织学生认真准备开题报告,并向学生讲解开题报告撰写的基本要求和关键问题,在指导教师的帮助下,学生查阅国内外相关文献,对所研究的课题作较为全面的了解和认识,并在此基础上构建论文的主体框架,写出论文提纲,完成开题报告。论文开题环节严格进行学生陈述研究计划,开题答辩小组的教师审查并提出修改意见,学生再次修改开题报告并提交终稿,最终完成开题的答辩环节。

3. 中期检查

开题答辩后进入论文撰写期。在指导教师的帮助下,学生细化论文提纲,确定论文结构,仔细阅读、消化大量的相关俄文文献后再动笔撰写论文。为保证论文按期和保质保量地完成,论文撰写1个月后,教研室要组织论文的中期检查,及时发现并解决问题。常见问题如下:学生对命题探讨不够深入,论文内部缺乏逻辑性;论文中缺乏理论基础;论文各部分间的衔接不到位;存在汉语思维式的俄语表达及语法错误等。针对这些问题,论文指导小组应提出相应的解决方案。

4. 答辩安排

答辩环节严格、规范,成立论文答辩委员会,负责毕业论文的评阅及答辩总体安排。聘请高层次校外专家进行指导,根据答辩文件的相关要求,答辩委员会成员从论文的学术水平、论文使用的研究方法、论文规范性等方面进行全面、认真地审阅和评分,对学生毕业论文答辩资格进行审查。把答辩的安排和程序提前发放到学生手中,确保答辩能严格按照规章制度进行,为答辩工作的顺利开展作充分准备。

外请两位专家在答辩前仔细审阅答辩人论文,对参加公开答辩学生的选题、撰写质量、挑战难题的勇气给予充分肯定和高度评价。同时,对论文撰写中存在的一些瑕疵也要提出修改意见。整个答辩的组织和流程严谨而规范,使学生受到了锻炼。

三、通过论文写作,着力培养应用能力

加强论文的过程管理,毕业论文的各个环节应衔接紧密,每段工作都及时总结并将相关文件及时归档。通过过程训练,学生的论文从格式到内容都比较规范、整齐。以黑龙江科技大学俄语专业2016届论文为例,为适应市场需求,服务“一带一路”战略规划,俄语专业教师带领学生多样化选题,小题深做,结合毕业实习工作的实际需求,处处着眼于学生的应用能力培养。

1. 选题多样,尝试小题深做

题目具有多样性,选题时尽量避免过于宏观的题目,提倡“小题深做”,学生通过资料查找和论文写作,提高语言应用能力,加深对俄罗斯文化的了解。除常规语言学方面的论题,还有俄罗斯学方面涉及政治、经贸、电子商务、能源、文化、社会问题等,如“俄罗斯单亲家庭问题”“俄罗斯人口问题”“网购”“普京的改革”“网络交际文化”“庄园文化”“青少年的阅读习惯”等。

2. 论文写作紧密结合实习工作需求

有些学生的论文题目是从实习的工作内容中提炼而成,具有一定的创新性。如《浅析俄罗斯网购现状》,题目灵感来自学生在杭州实习时从事的对俄电子商务。其论文不仅分析了俄罗斯目前的网购特点、形成原因,而且在如何进行支付这一环节上,借鉴我国当前网购支付方式提出了“以物流公司为平台,进行第三方支付”的观点,具有一定的创新性。俄语论文的撰写在很大层度上是训练学生的文献检索能力,如论文《浅析俄罗斯青少年阅读习惯的改变》的作者能够引用2010年以来俄罗斯政府颁布的“关于重树俄罗斯民族形象”的一些法规性文件作为参考,这说明学生具有较好的文献检索能力。

四、培养应用型人才,服务社会需求

本科毕业论文的写作可以有效训练学生独立分析问题、解决问题的能力;加深对俄罗斯基本国情的了解,并对语言学、文学、翻译学基本理论有所了解;熟悉中、俄文体写作的标准格式和步骤,提升资料收集、整理、阅读分析、翻译等技能,逻辑分析、整合思维、驾驭全局等能力也会有所提高,为继续学习打下基础。此外,通过俄语论文的撰写,所有学生的俄语输入能力都会得到较大提高,增加俄语词汇量,这些能力都是应用型外语人才应具备的基本素养。

通过毕业论文的写作环节,发现部分学生存在能力不足问题,如个别学生写作能力、框架建构能力较弱,知识面比较窄,思路不够开阔,对如何撰写论文了解不够,收集、整理、分析信息和资料的能力欠缺,过度依赖导师,部分论文的深度不够,多数论文还存在词语搭配和语法问题等。

针对以上情况,本科外语专业的教学工作应从以下几方面加以改进。

教学方面:教师在平时的教学中应重视培养学生的科研意识和撰写论文能力,进入高级阶段的精读课应引导学生注意俄语篇章的特点,背诵科学语体的相关表达式;加强“学术论文写作”课的授课质量,将“文献检索与利用”“中文工具书使用”课程作为辅助手段,使学生了解学术论文特点,掌握科学论文的写作技巧。

训练方面:以编辑节日短信息、撰写随笔和心得等有趣形式引导学生炼词炼句,提高母语文字能力;以撰写学期论文、考查课论文等形式训练学生的谋篇布局能力;以大学生科研立项、论文评优为激励措施,促进学生积极思考、勤于练笔、勇于投稿,逐步形成良好的科研意识,培养学生的写作能力,有效提高本科毕业论文的写作质量。

参考文献

[1]郭海燕.规范学位论文写作提高学术质量水平[J].中国高等教育,2003,(7).

[2]张振国.本科毕业论文写作“三位一体”质量保障模式探索[J].文教资料,2010,(6).

篇4：俄语专业毕业生英文求职信

关键词：英文摘要；衔接；连贯；英语专业

[中图分类号]H030

[文献标识码]A

[文章编号]1006-2831（2013）02-0136-6 doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-2831.2013.01.033

1. 引言

摘要是对正文简洁而完整的描述，同时又是独立于正文的语篇（Tippet， 2004）。早在20世纪70年代，国际上就已公布并不断更新了关于学术论文摘要写作规范的统一标准，从最初的国际标准（ISO）214-1976到之后的国际标准（ISO）5966等。随后我国也在80年代发布了国家标准GB7713-87等以规范学术论文摘要的格式与内容。摘要作为导读性语篇很大程度上左右了读者对整篇论文的第一印象，因此，对于学术论文来说摘要是至关重要的一部分。随着学术论文摘要得到越来越多的关注，国内外学者对学术论文摘要的研究角度也日趋多样（如：语用学，文体学角度等），形式愈加丰富，包括各类语篇的摘要研究，不同语种的摘要对比研究等，如：Day（1995）和Patrick（2003）分别探讨了科技论文摘要和会议摘要的特点；张春芳（2009）等中国学者对英汉学术论文摘要的异同进行了深入研究。

中国学生英文摘要写作出现的问题中除了语法词汇等基础语言错误外，最大的一个问题就是衔接与连贯。摘要作为独立的语篇绝不只是将文章的主要内容一条条排列出来，更重要的是运用各种衔接手段，围绕论文的中心思想撰写出意义连贯条理清晰的短文。国内许多专家学者从各方面对中国学生的英文摘要进行了研究和探讨，其中不乏真知灼见。然而，这些研究考虑到语料搜集的方便，大都以各专业硕士及以上学位论文或学术期刊的摘要为研究对象，如曹振中（2006）等对语言学学术期刊的英文摘要进行了分析探讨，但对于英语专业本科生这个特殊的群体却缺乏关注。笔者认为，英语专业的本科毕业论文中出现的衔接与连贯问题及特点，恰恰最能反映中国学生的英文摘要中衔接与连贯的普遍问题及特点。原因有二：其一，英语专业本科生的英文摘要中出现的基础语法词汇错误较少，很好地排除了语法错误对衔接与连贯问题的干扰；其二，与研究生相比，本科生通常缺乏系统的学术规范教育，对摘要并无深刻的理解或体会，而毕业论文是其第一次学术写作，因此，其中的衔接连贯特点差异性更小，共性更大，且具有学术论文写作初学者的普遍性，有助于为摘要写作教学提出相应的解决措施。

本文选择中国英语专业本科毕业论文的英文摘要作为研究对象，运用韩礼德的衔接理论（Halliday & Hasan， 1976）及Fries（1983）的主位推进理论，对其中存在的衔接与连贯问题及特点进行分析，并探索其原因，以期为提高中国学生的英文摘要写作水平尽一份绵薄之力。

2. 理论框架与研究方法

韩礼德与哈桑的《英语的衔接》（Cohesion in English， 1976）中将英语中的衔接手段分为两类：词汇衔接（Lexical cohesion）与语法衔接（Grammatical cohesion），其中语法衔接包括照应（Reference），省略（Ellipsis），替代（Substitution）和连接（Conjunction）。每一种衔接又可继续细分为不同类型。

衔接是体现语篇连贯的一个重要条件，但并非唯一的条件。语篇的连贯不仅与语言内部的因素有关，还受外部因素的影响，如作者、读者的共识等。除衔接手段外，本研究还将探讨语篇连贯中的另外两个重要内部因素：话题与主位推进模式。一段独立的语篇要做到连贯必须有一个中心话题，语篇中的语句都紧紧围绕这一话题展开（朱永生，1996）。而Fries（1983）将语篇中主位推进模式分为四种类型：主位同一型；述位同一型；延续型和交叉型。通常情况下一个语篇可能会使用多种主位推进模式，而同一类语篇则会有共同的倾向性。

本研究从某高校05，06，07三届的英语专业本科毕业论文的英文摘要中分别随机抽取30份，共90份，建立一个小型的英文摘要语料库。首先，对90例语料（约18000字）逐字逐句进行分析，找出所有衔接手段和错误，计算并统计使用的各种衔接手段及出现错误的频率等。最后，对语料的话题展开情况和主位推进模式逐一进行分析，统计后得出语篇连贯的主要特点和趋势。

3. 结果与讨论

3.1 衔接手段

90例语料中共发现1718处衔接，其中有68处衔接错误。各种衔接手段及错误的分布如表1所示：

上表数据显示：所抽取的英语专业本科毕业论文的英文摘要总体来说，衔接手段使用较多，平均每100字中有9.54处使用衔接手段。也就是说，假设每篇摘要200词，约10句话，平均每篇摘要有19处衔接，即每句有将近2处衔接。其中最主要的衔接手段是词汇衔接，达到62.51%，省略及替代手段较少，分别占所有衔接手段的3.61%和2.44%。此外，摘要中也出现了一些衔接错误，但数量较少且集中在省略和连接两种手段中，其出现频率分别为0.11，和0.08（每100字）。同时在错误统计的过程中，还发现衔接错误集中在其中的19篇摘要中，大部分摘要并无衔接错误。

3.1.1 词汇衔接

词汇衔接是指语篇中出现的一部分词汇相互之间存在语义上的联系，包括重复、泛指和相似（胡壮麟，1994）。其中，词汇重复是最直接的方式。相似不仅包括同义或近义词，还包括反义和下义词。泛指则是将前文中的概念用一些泛指的词汇替代。语料分析统计后，共发现1074处词汇衔接，其分布如下表所示：

表2数据显示：所选的摘要中使用最多的词汇衔接手段是重复，占词汇衔接总数的81.84%。重复是英语学习者在写作中最容易掌握也最常使用的一种词汇衔接手段，但摘要篇幅短小而内容丰富，因此，如过度使用重复衔接，会造成句式单一且文体不正式的后果。例如：

（1） <1>Eating is something very daily routine， and it also contains a profound influence. <2>Eating etiquette as a cultural category is effected by religion， history， and economics from different countries. <3>Therefore， different countries are also having different eating etiquette， and it is shows on the style of eating a meal， seating arrangements， the order of serving dishes， drinking wine， and the rite of having a meal. <4>In this essay， Chapter two and Chapter three distinguish the difference between dining and drinking etiquette for the formal occasions in United Kingdom and China. <5>As China is a country with 5000 years history and abundant cultural heritage， in Chapter two， the essay introduce a special word “Face” which belongs to the Chinese culture. <6>Face is an essential component of the Chinese national psyche. <7>“Face” is a sensitive word which uses frequently during the Chinese dinner. <8>The reasons why causes all these difference is also one of the aspects this easy （essay， typing mistake） focus on. <9>A variety of food and different society atmosphere are the leading reasons in all. <10>Chapter four gives a deep analysis to these two issues. <11>Cultural difference， traditions and the environment make all the difference in eating etiquette. <12>All in all， knowing other countries eating etiquette could help us form a point on our countrys dignity than respect others custom.

该例共有22处重复衔接（斜体标出），其中有些重复是多余且能够避免的，如第<6>，<7>句中的两个face，可以通过合并两个句子来避免不必要的重复。又如这篇摘要中共使用4个different 和4个difference来表达“不同、差异”，这样的重复衔接死板而累赘，此时不妨使用其他表达不同的同义词，即使用相似衔接手段。

重复使用过度主要有三个原因：一是作者仅仅将论文的主要思想简单罗列在摘要中，并没有把摘要当做独立的语篇进行撰写，从而导致形式上的衔接过度；二是受英文表达水平的限制，写作过程中用中文思考，丰富多彩的表达转换成英文时变得贫乏；三是汉语常常省略一些英语中不可或缺的成分，由于英语专业学生语法基础很好，为了符合语法，将中文思考的句子转换成英文时会直接添上缺少的成分，而不是改变句式。

3.1.2 照应

照应，又称指称，是回指某个上文提到过的单位或意义的语言学单位（胡壮麟，1994），包括内指指称和外指指称。摘要虽然是独立的语篇，但它作为正文的缩写，与正文有着密切的关系，通常由外指指称来实现，例如：the essay； the thesis； the paper等，其中的定冠词the就是外指指称，然而，这种外指指称与摘要本身的衔接连贯无关。因此，本研究分析的照应仅包括内指指称，即对摘要内部的衔接连贯有所贡献的照应，结果如表3所示：

篇5：俄语专业本科毕业生求职信

您好!

我叫xiexiebang，是xxxx师范大学外国语言文化学院俄语专业的xxxx届本科生。

语言是我的长项。我大学选择的专业是俄语翻译，大三时，以专业总分第一名的成绩获公派留学一年，并以所有专业课全部满分的成绩学成回国。我的英语已通过了四级和六级的考试。因此，俄语、英语，广东话、普通话，都是我能熟练运用、与人交流的工具。

我的性格比较外向、热情，有较强的团队意识和集体荣誉感。大学阶段，担任过班级学习委员、学院文体部副部长、学校公关协会人力资源部干事等学生干部。

乐于助人是我的本能，善于沟通是我的特长。我曾以小语种专业志愿者的身份，参加第26届世界大学生运动会，为许许多多的外国运动员、教练、官员及其他友人，竭尽所能地提供专业帮助和服务，被评为志愿者之星，志愿者报曾以《让春茧洋溢异域风情》对我做过报道。

我对贵单位的招聘职位十分感兴趣，希望能得到这样的既符合自己特长又适合自己个性的工作机会!

此致

敬礼!

篇6：医学专业毕业生英文求职信

Hello!

Thank you for reading my busy written down for an enthusiastic college students to open a door of hope, I believe I will not let you disappointed.Jinzhou Medical College, I was a clinical department of the undergraduate students about to graduate, in your time of the Nazi Zhaoxian hospital, given the solid foundation of medical knowledge and proficiency in the operation of technology, the excellent social work skills and strong ability to self-improve, I have confidence in their clinical competence to work soon.Therefore, I wish to apply special to your hospital.Four-year clinical study of theory, I created a rigorous learning attitude, rigorous way of thinking, cultivate good study habits, one year work experience in clinical practice more to improve my analysis of the issue of problem-solving abilities.Especially in the teaching hospital during the internship gave me hands-on experience provides many opportunities that enable me to various sections of clinical diseases can make the correct diagnosis and best treatment.Strong sense of responsibility, a strong interest in learning, hands-ability, the ability to receive fast, and can complete the outstanding tasks, I won the acclaim of superior physicians, but also gives me confidence, my future work life “Chihpen.”

Rich experience in social work not only broaden my horizons, more calm and I formed a determination, enthusiasm and efficient work style.In elementary, middle and high school, has been in various stages of the university, I served as squad leader, study members, successfully organized numerous activities outside the school class, students work the recognition and praise teachers, my classes and more meeting was named “best class”, I have repeatedly won the “outstanding komsomolets”, “active work” and other honorary titles.I believe that these work experience, I will certainly be able to coordinate the relationship between the work of handling the day-to-day problems.Self-learning capability is another advantage of me.Medical science and technology with each passing day, the only constant “upgrade” their own knowledge to fierce competition in an invincible position.While studying at the school through the computer I primary and secondary examinations, the National College English Test 4, can master the Windows98, Windows2000, WindowsXp operating system, and the use of self-Office, photoshop, Foxpro and other software for graphic processing, forms design, web page production work, for future work, study, improve efficiency and create a good condition.Through five years of study and practice, I learned from psychology and ability to work well in fully prepared to embark on, I sincerely hope that your house can become a medical research team in one, I will be noble medical ethics, passion services, dumping as far as I can, I can not keep on learning for your home health care contribute to a development, the realization of “life-saving, dedication, life济事” long-cherished wish.Finally, the grand cause of祝贵unit success!

篇7：法学专业毕业生英文求职信

Hello!First of all, to you my most sincere greetings!Thank you for reading my cover letter.Xx I am a Law Faculty of Law, University of fresh graduates in 2009.Ranking in the school year a comprehensive evaluation of the first x(the professional a total of xx), the major courses of jurisprudence, constitutional law, civil law, criminal law, administrative law, civil law, the Code of Criminal procedure, the administrative procedure law, economic law, commercial law, economic law , intellectual property law, international law, private international law, such as international economic law.xx first academic year scholarships by the school;xx school year was a second-class scholarship, and in 2008 to xx hours through the National Judicial Examination.Solid expertise, have the necessary professionalism.At the same time, a good standard of English through the CET-4(xx hours), CET-6(xx points).With computer skills, computer access to the National level, National Computer 2(VF)certificate.putonghua level of a-level test.I can maintain a good working state and a strong sense of responsibility.With the spirit of learning, hard work hard.Optimistic, cheerful personality, positive, helpful, good communication with the spirit of cooperation.I sincerely hope that your company can become a member in order to play a long, hand in hand with my colleagues for the development of your company on its own dedication!

I wish work!

篇8：俄语专业毕业生英文求职信

1 Literature Review

Some experts have studied the format problems of references in the English majors’theses (Zhong Weizhen&Huang Guowen, 1999;Liu Xinmin, 1999, 2001) without telling difference between the APA style and the MLA style.Then, Jiang Xin introduces the main writing styles of English theses, such as the APA style, the MLA style and the Chicago style, and their differences (Jiang Xin, 2002) .As we know, different styles are required according to different subjects.The APA style is popular in the fields of psychology, sociology, economics etc and is widely adopted in the linguistics (Liu Xingbing and Yu Gongmao, 2007) .“Theses in the field of applied linguistics require that the manuscript be typed in the format described in a manual published by the American Psychological Association (APA) ” (Wen Qiufang, 2004, p.297) .Liu and Yu introduce the APA reference style from the aspects of abbreviation, order and format (Liu Xingbing and Yu Gongmao, 2007) .Meanwhile, the MLA style, described by Modern Language Association, is widely used in the humanities, especially literature and art (Jiang Xin, 2003) , and fully described by Ren Xiaojin (Ren Xiaojin, 1997) .

Although a lot of relevant studies have been done, it is still far from the popularization of the standard reference style in the English majors’graduation papers.Moreover, the previous studies just focus on the format problems of references without discussing the in-depth relation between references and academic honesty.Through a detailed survey, this paper focuses on the common problems of references, not only on the format problems but also on the academic cheating in the English majors’graduation papers, and analyzes the causes and provides some suggestions.

2 Research Design

43 English Majors'graduation papers from a university in the northwest of China were chosen as the samples.They covered the main English research fields including literature and linguistics.

A survey was conducted in the following three steps.Firstly, according to the different styles they should follow, they were classified into two main types, papers on literature and papers on linguistics including translation, applied linguistics and intercultural communication.There are 29 papers on linguistics which should follow the APA style while the other 14 papers on literature should follow the MLA style.

Second, two types of papers were respectively surveyed according to the different standards, that is, the APA style and the MLA style.There were three focuses in this survey.The first focus of the survey was whether it concluded complete information.The second focus of the survey was whether there were some common problems in the format and if there were, what were they.The third focus of the survey was how many papers had the problem of inconsistency between the references or works cited list and the in-text citations because both the references list in APA and the works cited list in MLA contain that are referred to in the papers, no more or no less.However, a bibliography in MLA includes all the work consulted in the writing process.

At last, gather the data of the two types and present it in the tables and analyze it.

3 Research Results

3.1 Common problems in linguistic papers following APA format

3.1.1 Incomplete information

A reference in APA style includes the information about the author, the date, the title of the cited materials and the publication which is the information of the publication place and publisher for a book and the journal name, volume, issue number and pages for a journal.Though this survey, 41.4%of the samples failed to provide complete information about the sources.For the books, the place of publication and the publisher were most likely lost.For example:

*Hinkel, E.2001.Culture in Second Language Teaching and Learning.Cambridge University Press.

For the journal articles, the volume, the issue number and the page range were likely absent.For example:

*Chomsky, N. (1 959) ."Review of Verbal Behavior by B.F Skinner".Language

3.1.2 The problems in format were shown in Table 2

All of papers in the survey had the problems of capitalization.In APA style, capitalize only the first letter of the title, but all of the students capitalized the first letter of major words in the title.E.g.

*Rubin, J. (1987) .Learner strategies:Theoretical Assumptions, Research History and Typology, Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice Hall

100%of students didn’t indent the subsequence line or lines five spaces from the left margin when an entry runs more than one line.93.1%of the students used the improper title“Bibliography”rather than“References”.93.1%of the students didn’t underline the titles of books and journals.65.5%of students didn’t order the references alphabetically by authors’surnames.

3.1.3 Inconsistency between the references list and the in-text citations

One of the common problems in linguistic papers is the inconsistency between the references list and the in-text citations.There are two kinds of mistakes.69.0%of the reference lists contained the surplus entries which were not cited in the paper.34.4%of students lost the cited work (s) when they compiled their references lists.

3.2 Common problems in literature papers following MLA for-mat

The students may more familiar with the MLA style, so the problems in MLA papers are less than those in APA ones.What’s more, most of students used the title“Bibliography”which includes all of the consulted works in the process of writing rather than“Works Cited”, the problem of inconsistency is not so outstanding as the one in APA style.

3.2.1 Incomplete information

The references in MLA style contain the same information as the ones in APA style, but the information of the data is arranged at the end.In the samples, 57.1%of them failed to provide complete information about the sources.The mistakes are similar with the ones in APA style.

3.2.2 The problems in MLA format were shown in Table 3:

The students in this survey made fewer mistakes in MLA style.

There were some similar problems in punctuation, order, indentation and underlining as in APA style.Look at this example:

*Gillie, Christopher, Longman Companion to English Literature, London:Longman Group Limited, 1978

In this example, this student indented the subsequence line two spaces from the left margin rather than five spaces in standard.Three periods should be used in the end of every part of information, but this student used commas.What’s worse, he italicized the title but didn’t underline it according to the standard format.

4 Suggestions and Limitations

4.1 Design special course to popularize the standards in APA and MLA format

The students failed to provide complete information of the sources and present in the standard format because they were not familiar with the APA and MLA format.What’s worse, some students didn’t differentiate the APA style from the MLA style.In order to help the students to compile the standard reference or works cited list, special course should be given.In such a special course, the common formats of a reference or works cited list are briefly but clearly described.

4.2 Remind of students to keep the academic honesty in mind and be consistent between the in-text citations and the references or works cited list The inconsistency between the reference or work cited list and

The inconsistency between the reference or work cited list and the in-text citations includes two kinds of mistakes.On the one hand, the reference or work cited list contains the surplus entries which are not cited in the text.On the other hand, some works cited in the text are absent from the reference or work cited list.Both of these behaviors violate the academic honesty, no matter intentionally or not.

There are two reasons for the surplus entries.They may confuse a bibliography and a references or works cited list.What’s more, some students add the surplus entries in order to make the list longer which is a typical kind of academic cheating.The reason for omitted references may be the writers’carelessness.They may forget the sources of the citations without any record.

To keep away the academic cheating, a bibliography should be differentiated from references or works cited list at first.“A bibliography may include any work that you have consulted during your research which may not be cited in your thesis” (Wen Qiufang, 2004, p.260) .It is usually preferred when compiling a book.In the APA style, a thesis requires a reference list, which only contains cited works that are referred to in the thesis, rather than a bibliography (Wen Qiufang, 2004) .In the MLA style, the title Works Cited is most appropriate for a paper and as the heading Works Cited indicates, this list contains all the works that are cited in the text.Secondly, a working bibliography including all the relevant materials should be produced before writing.In the process of writing, take a record about the works which have been referred to in the text on the bibliography.When finishing the body of paper, compile the references or works cited list according to the record and have a check at last.In this way, a references or works cited list is the exact one, no more or no less.

4.3 Limitation

Because samples in the research are limited, this paper just focuses on the most common problems and there are many other problems of references without being mentioned in this paper.More detailed studies can be carried on in the future.

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