高考中的强调句

2024-05-19

高考中的强调句(精选三篇)

高考中的强调句 篇1

一、强调句的基本知识

1. 定义:

强调句是通过It is/was+强调成分 (除谓语外) that/who+句子结构或使用助动词do, 使句子的语气或某一成分受到强调。

2. 基本形式。

(1) 使用助动词do的陈述句。

I do remember what you have told me about our headteacher two days before.

(2) 陈述句的强调句型:It is/was+强调成分that/who+其他成分。如I met Mr Smith at the school gate this morning可变成:

强调主语:It was I who met Mr Smith at the school gate this morning.

强调宾语:It was Mr Smith who I met at the school gate this morning.

强调时间状语:It was this morning that I met Mr Smith at the school gate.

强调地点状语:It was at the school gate that I me Mr Smith this morning.

(3) 一般疑问句的强调句形式:把is/was提到it的前面。如:Was it this morning that you met Mr Smith?

(4) 特殊疑问句的形式:强调成分 (常为疑问代词或副词) +is/was it+that/who+其他成分。如:

When was it that you met Mr Smith?

(5) 强调句用于not...until结构中, 强调时间状语从句时, not前移。

It was not until I was 10 that I went to school because my family was poor. (时间状语从句)

(6) 强调句用于宾语从句中, 其结构为:主句主语+主句谓语+疑问代词或副词+it is/was that宾语从句。

I just wonder when it was that you got home last night.

(7) 强调句与其他从句的区别在于把It is/was...that去掉后, 该句仍是一个完整的句子, 反之, 则不是, 如:

It was in the hotel that I met Mr Smith yesterday. (强调句)

It was the hotel that I visited yesterday. (定语从句)

It was on a Sunday that I joined the army. (强调句)

It was an honor that I joined the army. (定语从句)

It was Sunday when I joined the army. (时间状语从句)

二、强调句的几大考点

1. 考查强调句的基本结构。

2. 考查含有其他句型的强调句。

3. 考查强调句的问句形式 (含一般疑问句与特殊疑问句) 。

4. 考查宾语从句中的强调句。

5. 考查强调句的省略。

6. 考查强调句中的强调成分含有定语从句。

三、强调句在高考中的重、难点

1. 强调句用于宾语从句中。

I wanted to know where it was that you found my watch yesterday.

2. 强调句含有not...until...

It was not until I got home that I found my wallet was missing.

3. 强调句中的强调成分含有定语从句。

It was on the farm where I worked that I realized how important it was to study.

4. 强调句的省略。

—Where did you meet Mr Smith?

—It was in the hotel______ he stayed.

四、学习中的方法技能要领

1. 认真研读历年高考题型, 了解并掌握命题人的命题方向。

2. 加强语法学习专向训练, 确保准确理解, 掌握其结构。

3. 真正理解并关注知识之间的交叉, 认真对照, 找出异同, 力争举一反三。

4. 熟记强调句的基本式和常变式, 仔细分析强调句中的内部结构, 以不变应万变。

5. 建议平时的阅读中多关注出现的强调句, 写作中多用强调句, 增加文章的闪光点和得分点。

高考中的强调句 篇2

专题十四 强调句、省略句、插入语

【专题要点】强调句、省略句、插入语要点概览:1.强调句型“It is/was----that----”的用法。强调句型的特殊疑问句;2.it强调句型与定语从句、状语从句的区别;3.动词不定式的省略;4.状语从句中的省略,“连词+分词”的省略现象;5.常用插入语:by the way 顺便说,顺便问一下;so far 到目前为止;and so on 等等;on the contrary 相反; no wonder 不足为奇;as a matter of fact 事实上;come along 快点,来吧;in other words 换句话说;as usual 如同以往;as a result 因此,结果。

【考纲要求】按照考纲要求,考生应能够恰当地使用词语和强调句式对表达的内容进行强调,近几年的高考试题主要考查考生对谓语动词的强调的理解和强调句型的灵活使用,考查复合句中的强调句式;按照考试大纲的要求,考生应掌握英语省略的一些基本原则,在行文中正确地使用省略;而近几年的高考试题主要考查定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句、简单句中和交际语境中的省略;按照考纲要求依据不同语境能正确使用插入语,分析近几年的高考题多以考查短语的形式,在交际用语中或句中进行辨析。

【教法指引】仔细研究近年高考题,我们不难发现强调句、省略句、插入语倍受出题者的青睐。在近五年的高考试卷中强调句、省略句已经成为高考热点。命题者加大了对句子结构复杂程度和知识面的考查,同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。这就要求教师在平时引导考生在复习和备考中注意总结,全面把握,深入研究。具体说把握强调句以下四大考点:(1)考查强调句式的基本结构

(2)考查含有“not…until…”句型的强调句式(3)考查强调句式的疑问句(4)考查强调句式的正确判断

省略是高考英语考试大纲要求掌握的的语法项目之一,虽然不是每年必考项目,但不少省份有所涉及省略这一语法项目。从命题的趋势来看,更侧重考查省略在交际中的功能,考查语法知识间的交叉使用。因此教师在引导考生复习备考中要注意以下几个方面:

1.状语从句中的省略。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或从句的主语是it,且有系动词be的任何形式时,可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。常见的连词有:as,if, as if, once, though, whether, when, while, unless等等。

2.有关to的省略。

(1)在can’t but,can’t not help but, can not choose but之后的动词不定式一般不带to,but之前有实义动词do的某种形式do,does,did,done时,也不带to;

(2)当主语或修饰主语的定语从句中有动词do的某种形式时,用作表语的不定式可以省略。如:All I did is(to)give him a lesson.(3)由why,why not引导的特殊疑问句,后跟省略to的动词不定式。(4)have,make,see,hear,notice,observe等后接不带to的动词不定式 ;

(5)为避免句子重复,承前省略动词原形,而保留不定式符号to,但是有助动词be或have时,则要保留be或have。3.在if引导的虚拟条件句中

在if引导的虚拟条件句中含有had,were,should时,可以把had,were,should放在句首且省略if。

4.在限制性定语从句中的省略

在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that、which、whom可以省略;在以the same...as和such...as引导的定语从句中,可以省略与主句相同的部分;the way后面的定语从句中,可以省略that或in which。

教师在引导考生复习备考中按照大纲中要求熟练掌握的常用作插入语的词语

在英语学习中,插入语是一个比较重要的知识点。由于插入语是一种独立成分,通常与句中其他成分没有语法上的关系,许多同学在学习过程中会有一定的困难。其实,插入语大都是对一句话进行附加说明或解释,通常由一个词、一个短语或一个句子构成,常置于句首、句中或句末,一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开,按照大纲要求熟练记忆一下常用短语和用法如: by the way 顺便说,顺便问一下;so far 到目前为止;and so on 等等;on the contrary 相反; no wonder 不足为奇;as a matter of fact 事实上;come along 快点,来吧;in other words 换句话说;as usual 如同以往;as a result 因此,结果。【知识网络】

强调句的用法

(一)强调句句型

1、陈述句的强调句型:It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其它部分。It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.2、一般疑问句的强调句型:同上,只是把is/ was提到it前面。

Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?

3、特殊疑问句的强调句型:被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分?

When and where was it that you were born?

4、强调句例句:针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。

强调主语:It was I that(who)met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.强调宾语:It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语:It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语:It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.5、注意:构成强调句的it本身没有词义;强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who,即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此,that, who不可省略;强调句中的时态只用两种,一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时,用It was …,其余的时态用It is …。

(二)not … until … 句型的强调句

1、句型为:It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分 普通句:He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.强调句:It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.2、注意:此句型只用until,不用till。但如果不是强调句型,till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了,that后面的从句要用肯定句,切勿再用否定句了。

(三)谓语动词的强调

1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语,如果需要强调谓语时,用助动词do/ does或did。Do sit down.务必请坐。

He did write to you last week.上周他确实给你写了信。

Do be careful when you cross the street.过马路时,务必(千万)要小心啊!

2、注意:此种强调只用do/ does和did,没有别的形式;过去时用did,后面的谓语动词用原形。

省略句用法

为了使讲话和行文简洁,句中某些成分有时可省略。省略可分以下几种情况:

(一)简单句中的省略

1、省略主语:祈使句中主语通常省略。其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。

(I)Thank you for your help.(括号内为省略的词语,下同)(I)see you tomorrow.(It)Doesn’t matter.2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。

(There is)No smoking.(Is there)Anything wrong? Why(do you)not say hello to him?

3、省略作宾语的不定式短语,只保留to。

----Are you going there?----I’d like to(go there).He did not give me the chance, though he had promised to(give me the chance).注意:如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态,则须在to之后加上be或have。----Are you an engineer?----No, but I want to be.----He hasn’t finished the task yet.----Well, he ought to have.4、省略表语。

----Are you thirsty?----Yes, I am(thirsty).5、同时省略几个成分。

Let’s meet at the same place as(we met)yesterday.----Have you finished your work?----(I have)Not(finished my work)yet.(二)并列句中的省略

两个并列分句中,后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。My father is a doctor and my mother(is)a nurse.I study at college and my sister(studies)at high school.(三)主从复合句中的省略

1、主句中有一些成分被省略。(I’m)Sorry to hear that you are ill.(It is a)Pity that he missed such a good chance.2、省略了一个从句或从句的一部分,用so或not(切不可用it或that)代替。----Is he coming back tonight?----I think so.----Is he feeling better today?----I’m afraid not.这种用法常见的有:How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so.He said so 及I suppose not.I believed not.I hope not等。(但I don’t think so比I think not更常用)。

(四)其它省略

1、连词that的省略:

①、宾语从句中常省略连词that,但也有不能省略的情况(参看“名词性从句”等有关部分)。②、在定语从句中,that在从句中作宾语时可省略。

③、引导主语从句、同位语从句等的连词that一般不可省略。在表语从句中偶尔可省略。

2、不定式符号to的省略

①、并列的不定式可省去后面的to。I told him to sit down and wait for a moment.②、某些使役动词(如let, make, have)及感官动词(如see, watch, notice, hear, feel, look at和listen to等)后面作宾语补足的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须把to复原。----I saw the boy fall from the tree.----The boy was seen to fall from the tree.③、介词but前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带to。The boy did nothing but play.3、在某些状语从句中,从句的主语与主句主语一致时,可省去“主语 + be”部分。(参看“状语从句”有关部分)

4、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略,但后面的语序有变化(参见“倒装句”有关部分)

5、主句与从句各有一些成分省略。

The sooner(you do it), the better(it will be).插入语的用法

英语句子中(尤其在口语中)常插入一些单词、短语或者句子,用来补充某些含义。语法上称他们为“插入语”。

(一)插入语的类型:

1、单词(多是副词),如:besides, however, otherwise, therefore, though等。She is looking fit, though.他看起来倒是健康。I can, however, discuss this when I see you.2、短语

China and India, for example, are neighbours.By the way, where are you from?

3、句子

He is an honest man, I believe.Jack, as far as I know, isn’t clever.(二)插入语的位置

通常插入语位于句中,并用逗号隔开。但有时,也可位于句首或句末(见上面例句)。也有时,并不用逗号隔开。

You know that I think you are wrong.我认为,你明白你错了。What on earth do you mean? 你究竟是什么意思?

(三)插入语在句中的作用

一般来说,插入语在句中不起主要作用。如果把插入语抽去,句子的含义不大受影响。但是,有的插入语却是句子不可缺少的一部分。

He got the news from nobody knows where.他这消息谁也不知道是从哪儿得来的。

(四)插入语的特殊用法

下面这种复杂的特殊疑问句,也可认为包含有“插入语”。这种疑问句(有的语法书也称为“混合疑问句”或“连锁疑问句”)常用来征询对方对某一疑问点的看法、判断、认识、猜度或请求对方重复一遍说过的话。口语中出现频率极高。常用动词有say, suppose, guess, believe, consider, think, imagine 等。

How long did you say she would stay here? When do you suppose they’ll be back? How old did you think she was

(五)插入语的几种典型用法

1.许多分词短语可以用作插入语,这样的分词短语有:strictly speaking(严格地说),generally considering(一般认为),judging from……(根据……判断)等。

2.常用作插入语的副词或副词短语有:indeed(的确),surely(无疑),however(然而),frankly(坦率地说),obviously(显然),naturally(天然地),luckily(happily)for sb.(算某人幸运),fortunately(幸好),strangely(奇怪),briefly(简单地说)等。

3.常用作插入语的介词短语有:in conclusion(总之),in a word(简而言之),in short(简而言之),in general(一般说来),in a sense(在某种意义上),in my view(在我看来),in his opinion(按照他的看法),in fact(事实上),at first(首先),in addition(此外),of course(当然),to my surprise(使我惊奇的),to her regret(使她遗憾的),for example(例如)等。4.用简短的句子结构作插入语,它们常置于句中或句末。这类简短的句子有:I am sure(我可以肯定地说),I believe(我相信),do you know(你知道吗),you see(你明白),I’m afraid(恐怕),it is said(据说),I suppose(我想),what’s more(而且),what’s worse(更糟糕的是),that is(也就是说),what is important(重要的是)等。

常用作插入语的不定式短语有:to be sure(无疑地),to sum up(概括地说),to tell the truth(老实说)等。

高考热点:强调句的析与练 篇3

1) 在强调句型中, 能够被强调的句子成分通常为主语、宾语、状语等, 不能用来强调谓语动词、表语、补语、让步状语、条件状语等。当被强调部分为人时, 且在句中作主语时, 可用who, 也可用that, 其它情况一律用that。强调主语时, that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致。强调句中的that, who在任何情况下不可省略。如:

I'm going to meet my friend at the airport tomorrow.→

It is I who am going to meet my friend at the airport tomor-row. (强调主语)

It is my friend that I'm going to meet at the airport tomor-row. (强调宾语)

It is at the airport that I'm going to meet my friend tomor-row. (强调地点状语)

It is tomorrow that I'm going to meet my friend at the air-port. (强调时间状语)

2) 在强调结构中, 无论被强调的是人还是物, 单数还是复数, be动词一律用单数is/was形式。如果原句的谓语动词时态是过去范畴, 就用was;如果原句的谓语动词时态是现在范畴, 就用is。也可以用"情态动词+be"形式。例如:

It is Tom and Mary who will be fined.

It was yesterday that he arrived here.

It might be in the morning that he broke into the house.

2 高考对强调句的考查

1) 考查强调句的一般疑问句

强调句型的一般疑问句结构为:“Is/Was it+被强调部分+that+句子其余部分?”

例1:Was it during the Second World War____he died? (MET88)

A.that B.while C.in which D.then

解析:此句为强调句的一般疑问句。强调时间状语, 故选A。

例2:Was_____that I saw last night at the concert? (上海97)

A.it you B.not youC.you D.that yourself

解析:此句也是强调句的一般疑问句。强调宾语, 故选A。

例3:Wasn't it Dr.Wang who spoke to you just now?---______. (上海96)

A.I didn't know he wasB.Yes, it wasC.No, he wasn't D.Yes, he did

解析:此句为强调句的一般疑问句的否定形式。其回答有两种可能:“Yes, it was”或“No, it wasn't”, 故选B.

2) 考查强调句的特殊疑问句

强调句的特殊疑问句结构为:特殊疑问词+is/was it that...?注意在强调句的疑问句型中, 强调标志that/who后只能使用陈述语序。

例4:Why!I have nothing to confess._____you want me to say? (上海04)

A.What is it that B.What it is that C.How is it that D How it is that

解析:此题考查强调句中强调疑问词时语序的排列。这是一个特殊疑问句, say后面缺少宾语, 所以用what, 故选A

例5:I have always been honest and straight forward, and it doesn’t matter____I am making to (广东04)

A who is it B who it is C it is who D it is whom

解析:此题考查强调句中强调疑问词时语序的排列 (此处省略了that) .这是一个特殊疑问句, 考查被强调部分充当宾语的结构。其语序应遵循宾语从句的语序, 即陈述语序。另外, 在此处是做to的宾语, 应用宾格whom, 但在通常情况下, 也可以用who代替whom, 故选B

3) 强调主语、宾语

例6:It is these poisonous products____can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles (NMET03)

A.whoB.thatC.howD.what

解析:此题强调主语these poisonous products.把it is……that去掉, 句意仍完整。故选B.

例7:It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages______attracted the audience’s interest. (上海2000春)

A.so that B.that C.what D.in which

解析:此题强调主语从句how the young man had learned five foreign languages。把it was……that去掉, 句意仍完整。故选B.

例8:It was the ability to do the job____matters not where you come from or what you are. (NMET2000)

A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it

解析:本题强调主语the ability to do the job.把It was……that去掉, 句意仍完整。故选B。

4) 强调状语

强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时, 要用that, 不能用when, where, why或how。如:

例9:It was about 600 years ago____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. (NMET97)

A.that B.until C.before D.when

解析:这是对时间状语about 600 years ago的强调, 故选A

例10:It was after he got what he had desired___he realized it was not so important. (辽宁06)

A.that B.when C.since D.as

解析:这是对时间状语从句after he got what he had desired的强调, 故选A.

例11:It was only when I reread his poems recently____I began to appreciate their beauty. (NMET98)

A.until B.thatC.thenD.so

解析:本句强调时间状语从句when I reread his poems recently, 故选B。

例12:It was because of bad weather____the football match had to be put off. (上海03春)

A.so B.so that C.why D.that

解析:本句强调原因状语because of bad weather, 故选D。在强调原因状语从句时, 只能强调由because所引导的从句。

例13:It was where there had been a theatre____they built a new modern school.

A.where B.in which C.that D.so

解析:本句强调地点状语从句where there had been a theatre.故选C。

例14.It was only with the help of the local people___. (上海春04)

A.was the mountain climber rescued

B.that the mountain climber was rescued

C.when the mountain climber was rescued

D.then mountain climber was rescued

解析:本句强调方式状语only with the help of the local People.倒装句中的某一部分被强调后, 原倒装句不再用倒装语序而要用陈述语序。故选B

例15:It was in the book store____I met your brother the other day. (上海90)

A.where B.that C.in which D.in that

解析:本句强调地点状语in the book store.故选B.

特别提示:对“not...until...”结构的强调, 要用“It is/was not until...that...”这一固定句型。将until时间状语置于It is/was之后, not置于until之前that后用肯定形式, 同时要注意不能使用倒装语序。如:

例16:It was not____she took off her dark glasses____I realized she was a famous film star. (NMET92)

A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then

解析:此题强调until引导的时间状语从句until she took off her dark glasses, 要将not until放在一起置于It was/is之后。故选B.

例17:It was______back home after the experiment. (湖北04)

A.not until midnight did he go

B.until midnight that he didn't go

C.not until midnight that he went

D.until midnight when he didn't go

解析:此题强调until引导的时间状语until midnight, 要将not until放在一起置于It was/is之后。在强调句型中不用倒装语序。故选C.

5) 考查强调句型与相关句型的辨析

强调句型极易与下列句型混淆, 故高考也常考查这方面的内容。做题时首先判断该题是否为强调句型。把“It be…that”去掉, 如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完整 (若被强调部分是宾语时, 还要还原到原位置) , 那么这个句子就是强调句;如果句子不完整, 则不是强调句。

易混句型1:It be+段时间+since...“自从……以来”

该句型中的be动词通常为一般现在时态或现在完成时态, since引导的从句通常是一般过去时态。如果主句是一般过去时, 从句则用过去完成时。

例18:That was really a splendid evening.It's years____I enjoyed myself so much. (安徽05)

A.whenB.that C.before D.since

解析:答案为D.since引导时间状语从句, it表示时间

易混句型2:It be+点时间+when..."当……的时候, 是……"

该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句。Be动词的时态没有明确限制, 点时间前不加介词。

例19:—Did Jack come back early last night?

—Yes.It was not yet eight o'clock____he arrivedhome. (福建05)

A.before B.when C.that D.until

解析:答案为B.when引导时间状语从句, it表示时间。

易混句型3:It be+段时间+before...“多久之后才……”、“不久……就……”

该句型主句中be动词的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态.主句中的表语多是long, not long, days, weeks等表示时间段的词或短语。例如:

例20:—How long do you think it will be_________China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?

—Perhaps two or three years. (06福建)

A.when B.until C.that D.before

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