最新四级翻译练习

第一篇：最新四级翻译练习

四级翻译练习

Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

(一)

1. Just do it_____________(尽自己最大努力).

2._____________(抽象意义上的语言)is our facility to talk to each other.

3.We should pursue economic policies______________(根据国家利益).

4.We delayed our departure____________(由于暴风雨).

5.We had better_____________(趁天气暖和)by going for a walk this afternoon.

(二)

1.Because she knew French, she______________(比我们有利).

2.Adults should________________(原谅孩子的无知).

3.You should_________(充分利用).

4.The river__________(冲破堤岸).

5.Please_____________________(将问题提出来).

(三)

1._______________________(如果发生火灾), ring the alarm bell.

2.______________________(在这种情况下), I couldn’t go away.

3.Your care-free nature often_____________(遇到钱的问题).

4.I will do it________________(如果你帮我).

5.You may___________(学一学)the classic school of photographers.

(四)

1. We want our methods to be____________(最新的).

2. The naughty boy________________(以…为乐)pulling the cat’s tail.

3. A little persistence_____________ (发挥重要作用)between success and failure.

4.That detail_____________ (和…毫无关系)the main point of the article.

5.The regulation doesn’t_____________ (生效)until the first of March.

(五)

1.The first signs of spring are______________(显而易见).

2.He finished the job__________________ (但却损害了健康).

3.We must____________(面对困难)manfully and accept the responsibilities of our actions.

4.You can________________(随时找我们帮忙)whenever you have difficulties.

5.__________________ (你的梦想将会落空)if you don’t work on them.

(六)

1. The substance does not dissolve in water___________________ (不管是否加热).

2. Not only______________(他向我收费过高);but he didn’t do a good repair job either.

3.Your losses in trade this year are nothing_____________ (与我的相比).

4.One average, it is said, visitors spend only_____________(一半的钱)in a day in Leeds as in London.

5.By contrast, American mothers were more likely_____________(把孩子的成功归因于)natural1

talent.

(七)

1. All universities______________ (正在做好准备)for an increased intake of students.

2.After her lost son was found, _____________ (她破涕为笑).

3.He never ______________ (追名逐利).

4.My mother wanted me to___________________(从事教育工作).

5.He has given up smoking__________________(永远的).

(八)

1.When he gets old, he will_________________ (把公司交给儿子来经营).

2.His tastes are______________________(和我的相同).

3.We should serve the people__________________(全心全意的).

4.___________________(要是他没有花这么多钱该多好).

5.The population of Africa is growing_____________(极其迅速).

(九)

1.Without steady economic development, it is impossible to meet the people basic needs in life, _______________(更别提) protect the ecosystem and environment.

2.You are____________(自由的) to leave at any time you want.

3.____________________(鉴于国际局势的变化), the Chinese government wishes to share with the governments of other countries some of its basic views concerning the establishment of a new international order.

4.This new discovery ____________ (有助于说明这个问题).

5.We must never______________ (辜负) our parents’ trust and expectation.

(十)

1.Her beauty cannot_________________________(弥补她的愚蠢).

2.The ship was ____________________(任凭波涛的摆布).

3.We ought to___________________(充分利用时间).

4.Being a professional actor_____________(必定) means working nights and Sundays.

5._______________________(既然我们学完了这门课程)，we shall start doing more revision.

(十一)

1. Men like that never____________________(冒险尝试).

2. He had not yet attempted to_________________________(把他的理论付诸实践).

3. She answered these embarrassing questions__________________(镇定自若).

4. _________________(关于)what we did last month I would like to read you this letter

received.

5. When defeat is _____________(不可避免), nothing matters.

第二篇：四级翻译练习2

京剧 Peking opera

秦腔 Qin opera

功夫Kungfo

太极Tai Chi

口技 ventriloquism

木偶戏puppet show

皮影戏shadowplay

折子戏 opera highlights

杂技 acrobatics

相声 witty dialogue comedy

刺绣 embroidery

苏绣 Suzhou embroidery

泥人 clay figure

书法 calligraphy

中国画 traditional Chinese painting

水墨画 Chinese brush painting

中国结 Chinese knot

中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China

火药 gunpowder

印刷术printing

造纸术 paper-making

指南针 the compass

青铜器 bronze ware

瓷器 porcelain; china

唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty

景泰蓝cloisonne

秋千swing

武术 martial arts

儒家思想Confucianism

儒家文化 Confucian culture

道教 Taoism

墨家Mohism

法家 Legalism

佛教 Buddhism

孔子 Confucius

孟子 Mencius

老子 Lao Tzu

庄子 Chuang Tzu

墨子 Mo Tzu

孙子Sun Tzu

象形文字 pictographic characters

文房四宝(笔墨纸观)the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)

《大学》The Great Learning

《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean

《论语》The Analects of Confucius 《孟子》The Mencius 《孙子兵法》The Art of War 《三国演义》Three Kingdoms 《西游爷己》Journey to the West 《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions 《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes 《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror 《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals 《史记》Historical Records 《诗经》The Book of Songs 《易经》The I Ching; The Book of Changes 《礼记》The Book of Rites 《三字经》Three-character Scriptures 八股文 eight-part essay 五言绝句 five-character quatrain 七言律诗 seven-character octave 旗袍 cheongsam 中山装 Chinese tunic suit 唐装 Tang suit 风水Fengshui; geomantic omen 阳历 Solar calendar 阴历 Lunar calendar 闰年 leap year 十二生肖zodiac

春节 the Spring Festival 元宵节 the Lantern Festival 清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day 端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival 中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day 重阳节 the Double-ninth Day 七夕节 the Double-seventh Day 春联 spring couplets 庙会 temple fair 爆竹 firecracker 年画(traditional) New Year pictures 压岁钱 New Year gift-money 舞龙dragon dance

元宵sweet sticky rice dumplings 花灯 festival lantern 灯谜 lantern riddle 舞狮 lion dance 踩高跷 stilt walking

赛龙舟 dragon boat race 胡同hutong 山东菜 Shandong cuisine 川菜 Sichuan cuisine 粤菜 Canton cuisine 扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine 月饼 moon cake 年糕 rice cake 油条 deep-fried dough sticks 豆浆 soybean milk 馒头 steamed buns 花卷 steamed twisted rolls 包子 steamed stuffed buns 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck 拉面 hand-stretched noodles 馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup) 豆腐 tofu? bean curd 麻花 fried dough twist 烧饼 clay oven rolls 皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg 蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg 糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks 火锅hot pot 长城 the Great Wall of China 烽火台 beacon tower

秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses 大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda 丝绸之路the Silk Road 敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes 华清池Huaqing Hot Springs 五台山"Wutai Mountain 九华山Jiuhua Mountain 蛾眉山Mount Emei 泰山 Mount Tai 黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain 故宫 the Imperial Palace 天坛 the Temple of Heaven 午门 Meridian Gate 大运河 Grand Canal 护城河the Moat 回音壁Echo Wall 居庸关Juyongguan Pass 九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall

黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi 十三陵 the Ming Tombs 苏州园林 Suzhou gardens 西湖 West Lake 九寨沟Jiuzhaigou Valley 日月潭 Sun Moon Lake 布达拉宫Potala Palace 鼓楼 drum tower 四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex 孔庙 Confucius Temple 乐山大佛Leshan Giant Buddha 十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha 喇嘛Lama 转世灵重 reincarnated soul boy 中药 traditional Chinese medicine 《黄帝内经》Emperor Huangdi’s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine 《神农本草经》Shennong’s Herbal Classic 《本草纲目》Compendium of MateriaMedica 针灸 acupuncture 推拿 medical massage 切脉 feeling the pulse 五禽戏 five-animal exercises 旧石器时代 the Paleolithic Age 新石器时代 the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age 母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan society 封建的feudal 朝代 dynasty 秦朝 Qin Dynasty 汉朝 Han Dynasty 唐朝 Tang Dynasty 宋朝 Song Dynasty 元朝 Yuan Dynasty 明朝 Ming Dynasty 清朝 Qing Dynasty 秦士台皇帝 Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin 皇太后 Empress Dowager 汉高祖刘邦 Liu Bang, Emperor Hangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty 成吉思汗Genghis Khan 春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period 文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng 慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi 皇帝，君主 emperor; monarch 诸侯vassal 皇妃 imperial concubine 丞相，宰相 prime minister

太监 court eunuch 少数民族 ethnic minority 祭祀 offer sacrifices 西域 the Western Regions 战国 the Warring States 中华文明 Chinese civilization 文明的摇篮 cradle of civilization 秦始皇统一中国 unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang 鸦片战争the Opium War 太平天国 the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom 戌戌变法 the Reform Movement of 1898 辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution 新民主主义革命 New-democratic Revolution 五四运动 the May 4th Movement of 1919 南昌起义 Nanchang Uprising 918 事变 September 18th Incident 长征 the Long March 西安事变Xi"an Incident 南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre 抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japan 毛泽东 Mao Tse-tong 孙中山 Sun Yat-sen 蒋介石 Chiang Kai-shek 国民党Kuomingtang 中华人民共和国 the People’s Republic of China (PRC) 满族 Manchu 蒙古人Mongol 士大夫 scholar-officials 学者 scholar 诗人 poet 政治家statesman

社会地位social status

北京有无数的胡同(hutong)。平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20 口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。但愿胡同可以保留下来。

参考答案

In Beijing, there are numeroushutongs. The life of common people in hutongs brings endless charm to the ancient capital, Beijing. The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of common people but also a kind of architecture. Usually, there is a courtyard complex inside hutong, with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people. Therefore, life in hutongs is full of friendliness and genuine humanity. Nowadays, with rapid social and economic development, many hutongsare replaced by new tall buildings. I hope hutongs can be preserved.

难点精析

1.带来了无穷的魅力：翻译为bring endless charm to。

2.汉语习惯于用并列的散句或短语来表达一个语境，而英文习惯上用整句表述，句内不太重要的信息会用 | 介词短语或从句来补充说明，如本段中“胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20口人住”是：两个并列关系的汉语短句，翻译成英文时可将第二句用with介词结构表达出来，起补充说明的作用。

3.充满友善和人情味：翻译为full of friendliness and genuine humanity。

4.随着社会和经济的飞速发展：翻译为with rapid social and economic development，也是with介词短语的应用，在句中作伴随状语。

中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节(the Dragon Boat Festival)是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子(zongzi)。中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节(The Mid-autumn Festival)的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国的农历新年(the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday)，除了常见的家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统食物，如铰子和年糕。

参考答案

Traditional Chinese holiday meals are indispensable on some festivals. For example, the Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan and people usually hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, or rice dumpling on that day. The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon. The round moon is a symbol for completeness and family reunion. The special food of the day is yuebing, a round cake known as the mooncake. The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday. Besides the popular poultry and meat, people cook traditional food according to regional customs, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the “ 1 ” new year cake .

难点精析

■ 1.中国的传统节庆膳食：翻译为Traditional Chinese holiday meals,其中“节庆膳食”直接译为holiday meals , 即可，翻译时注意“中国的”和“传统”的顺序。

2.纪念：翻译为介词短语in memory of,修饰前面的a day。

■ 3.赛龙舟：翻译为hold dragon boat races,其中hold意为“举行”，“举行龙舟比赛”即“赛龙舟”。

4.观赏满月：“满月”即fMlmoon,此处的“观赏”可以译为viewing,也可以用enjoying或watching表示。

5.象征着家庭团聚：“象征”翻译为系表结构is a symbol for,也可以用动词symbolize表示，“家庭团聚”翻译：为 family reunion 即可。

唐朝(Tang Dynasty)被历史学家认为是中国文明最辉煌的时期。唐朝的首都在长安。在与印度和中东(the Middle East)的交流中，在他们的促进下，唐朝在许多领域里得到了长足的发展。唐朝是文学和艺术的黄金时期。唐朝通过科举制度(civil service examinations)在全国选出优秀的儒家文人(Confucian literati)为政府效力，而唐朝的政府体系在儒学官僚(Confucian bureaucratic)的支持下也日臻完善。公元8世纪中期，唐朝势力开始衰落。

Tang Dynasty, whose capital is Chang’an, is regarded by historians as a high point in Chinese civilization. Stimulated by the contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a great development in many fields. The Tang period was the golden age of literature and art. Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic. By the middle of the eighth century A. D., the power of Tang Dynasty began to ebb.

面子是某个人在他人眼中的社会地位和名声。中国人一生都用语言和行动维护和提升面子。可以小到谁先上电梯，也可以大到百万美元的合同授予。没有面子也就没有了影响力。即使是无意中让别人没面子，也是极其严重的冒犯(dishonor)，可能意味着断绝关系。中国人不会公开批评、忽视或取笑他人，即使是开玩笑。点评别人的成绩时，也是先说优点，再讲不足

The concept of “face” can be described as someone’s social status or reputation in the eyes of others. Throughout a Chinese person’s life, he maintains and enhances his “face” with words and actions. It may be something as small as who gets into the elevator first or as big as the awarding of multimillion dollar contacts. Losing face equals/ means losing power or influence. Even to make someone lose face unintentionally is a serious dishonor and could mean the end of a relationship. Chinese people never criticize, ignore or make fun of a person in front of others, even jokingly. When discussing individual performance, they always emphasize good points before bad ones.

在中国，喝茶是一种仪式(ritual)，一种精致品位(refined taste)的展示。人们在饮茶的同时，也领略着(take delight in)品茶的情趣之意。喝茶聊天是中国人中最流行的大发时间的方式。过去，他们是以进有名的茶馆(tea house)而开始一天的生活的。中国的茶馆相当于法国的咖啡馆和英国的酒馆。人们到这里不仅是为了喝茶，也是为了议论当地的新闻或对政治话题进行激烈的(furious)辩论。

Tea drinking in China is a ritual and a demonstration of the refined taste. While drinking tea, people also take delight in the essence of tea itself. Chatting over a pot of tea is a very popular way of pastime among Chinese. In the past, they would start the day with a visit to a well-known teahouse. Chinese teahouses would be the equivalent of French cafes and English pubs. People come here not just for tea, but also to discuss local news or to have furious political debates.

据最近的一项网上调查显示，55%的中国青年认为自己对生活缺乏热情，71%的人认为他们承受着巨大的压力。焦虑普遍存在于当今的中国年轻人中。名车、豪宅和优越的生活(live a privileged life)是人们追求的目标。然而，与高昂的房价、教育支出和医疗费用相比，他们的工资过低且增长缓慢，看不到脱离困境的希望，焦虑因此而产生

A recent online survey found that 55 percent of young people in China thought they ware lacking enthusiasm for life, and 71 percent considered themselves under heavy pressure. Anxiety is a common phenomenon among young Chinese today. Brand-name cars, luxurious houses and living a privileged life are people’s driven goals. However, compared with the high housing prices, education expenses and medial costs, their income is too low with slow growth and they see little hope for escaping, so anxiety occurs.

传统中国绘画是一门独特的艺术，无论是风格还是技巧都与世界其他艺术门类迥然不同。传统的日本绘画可能算是例外，但是不要忘了，它是深受中国文化影响的。中国绘画采用毛笔(brush)蘸墨汁或颜色，灵巧地挥洒(wield)在纸上。画家用深、浅、浓、淡的点和线构成一幅图画。在优秀画家的手里，毛笔和墨汁不仅是绘画的工具，也是画家艺术追求的象征。 Passage 5. Traditional Chinese paintings constitute a unique school of art, a school that, in style and techniques is widely different from any other art school in the world. Traditional Japanese art may be the only exception, but it has to be remembered that it has been heavily influenced by the Chinese culture. The Chinese do paintings with brushes, dipping their brushes in ink or paint and then skillfully wielding them. Painters produce on the paper pictures with lines and dots-some heavy, and some light, and some deep, and some pale. In the hands of a good painter, brushes and ink are not only tools for drawing pictures, but also the symbol of his or her artistic pursuit.

二十四节气(solar terms)的划分起源于黄河流域一带(Yellow River area)，是中国古代历法(calendar)特有的重要组成部分和独特创造。在古代中国，人们常用二十四节气来表示季节更替和气候变化状况。节气的制定是我们祖先在长期的农业生产实践中，逐步认识气象变化规律的结果。长期以来，甚至直到今天，二十四节气在中国的农牧业生产(agricultural and animal husbandry production)中一直起着重要的作用

Passage 6. The twenty-four solar terms is a unique component and creative invention of the Chinese traditional calendar, first originating from the Yellow River area. It was used to indicate the alternation of seasons and climate changes in ancient China. The establishment of solar terms reflected our ancestors’ knowledge about climate changes during their long history of farming activities. Over years, it has played an important role in China’s agricultural and animal husbandry production even to this day.

在媒介文化高度发展的今天，年轻人接触外来文化的方式越来越多。根据中国互联网信息中心(CNNIC)的统计，截止到 2004年6月30日，中国上网用户总数达到8,700万人，其中多数是年轻人。现代社会的开放性、多样性，是的年轻人不得不在西方文化的冲击中寻找自己的文化定位。实际上，现在很多年轻人在很多生活方式上已经很难分清它是来自西方还是东方。

Passage 7. In the era of highly developed media culture, young people have more contact than ever with foreign culture. According to CNNIC statistics, by June 30, 2004, China had had 87milion Internet users, most of whom are young people. Coupled with the openness and diversity of modern society, young Chinese people now have to seek their culture orientation under the impact of Western culture. In fact, many aspects of the Western and Eastern lifestyle are so blended that many young people find it difficult to make those lifestyle distinguishable.

刺绣(Embroidery)是中国艺术的一颗璀璨明珠，在秦汉时期就已达到较高的水平。它是一门传统工艺，有各种样式，广泛分布于中国的各个地区。有些精致(elaborate)绣品需要花费几位熟练技工数月甚至数年才能完成。在服饰文化中，刺绣工艺占有重要地位。它不仅是中国传统艺术和手工艺的瑰宝，也是中华文化的重要组成部分。它代表了中国人民的智慧。 Passage 8. Embroidery which had already reached a high level in the Qin and Han dynasties is a brilliant pearl in Chinese art. Embroidery is a traditional craft found in many styles in different parts of China. Some elaborate pieces require months or even years to be finished and call on the skills of several experienced craftspeople. In the costume culture, it occupies an important position in the treasure of the Chinese traditional arts and crafts, and is also an important part of Chinese culture. It represents the wisdom of Chinese people.

京剧在中国有200多年的历史。它源于华东地区的徽剧及华中地区的汉剧，后又汲取了昆曲、河北梆子两种地方戏的精华。由于这一表演艺术在北京兴起并繁荣，因此而得名。京剧是中国最有影响力的戏曲，在社会各阶层中都有广大爱好者。晴天时，人们常常可以看到京剧票友(amateurs of Peking Opera performers)在街头(street corner)、公园或居民区周围练唱。观看京剧是到中国来的海外游客最喜爱的活动之一。

Passage 9. Peking Opera has a history of more than 200 years in China. It started as a derivative of Hui Opera in eastern China and Han Opera in central China, absorbing valuable elements from two regional operas, Kunqu and HebeiBangzi. Since this performing art arose and flourished in Beijing, hence the name. Peking Opera is the most influential opera in China, claiming numerous enthusiasts in all segments of society. It can be often seen that amateurs of Peking Opera performers sing in street corners, parks or residential areas on fine days. Watching Peking Opera is one of the most popular events among overseas tourists to China.

中西方饮食习惯(eating habits)存在极大的差异。不同于西方人那种每人一盘事物的饮食习惯，在中国，菜肴是被放在桌上让大家共同分享的。如果你在中国主人家做客，就要做好有一大桌事物的心理准备。中国人对于自己的烹饪文化(culture of cuisine)感到非常自豪，而且会尽全力去展示自己的好客(hospitality)。而且有时候，中国主人会用他们的筷子把食物夹到你的碗里或盘子中。这是礼貌的体现

Passage 10. There are great differences between Chinese and Western eating habits. Unlike the West, where everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes are placed on the table and everybody shares. If you are being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a table of food. Chinese are very proud of their culture of cuisine and will do their best to show their hospitality. And sometimes the Chinese hosts use their chopsticks to put food in your bowl or plat. This is a sign of politeness.

茶马古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)两边，生活着20多个少数民族。不同的地方有着各自美丽而神奇的自然风景和传统文化，比如:大理，丽江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅鲁藏布江大峡谷和布达拉宫(Potala Palace)。古道的两旁有庙宇、岩石壁画、骚站(post house),古桥和木板路，还有少数民族舞蹈和民族服装。时至今天，虽然这条古道的踪迹都消失了，但它的文化和历史价值仍然存在?

汉译英

Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minori?ties. Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, YarlungZangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala Palace. The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads. It is also home to many national minorities and their dances and folk customs. Today, although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.

第三篇：英语四级教案翻译练习

Part 11 Translation Practice

Compilation Time: Jun. 5, 2017 Implementation Time：Jun. 12-- Jun. 18 Teaching Contents: Section A Summary of translation skills Section B Translation practice Time allocation: (4 periods) Aims and Requirements: 1.Introduce some of the translation exercises in the new CET Band 4, helping the freshmen know how to prepare for it; 2.Master the main translation skills of CET Band 4. Focal Points and Difficult Points: Analysis of the translation skills; Key words of translation. Instruction Types: 1. Lecture and explanation.

2. Student-oriented communicative teaching, free discussion and interaction. Teaching Aids:

Multimedia software, CD-ROM

Step 1 The Problems of the translation

1、词汇积累不够，活跃词汇量低;

2、质低、量少、面偏;

3、课堂教学欣赏有余，练习密度差，强度小。 改正策略：

1、坚持扩大词汇量;

2、练习、对比、分析、思考总结四合一。

Step 2 The Skills of the translation 把平常的毎一次测试当考试(练习即模考)

1、开头与结尾要多分配时间(开头结尾不出错误，句式漂亮地道，汉译英重

表达);

2、英语译文必须语法正确(直接影响及格与否);

3、多用有把握的词句;

4、谨慎对待考场灵感;

5、对待难点宜“软”不宜“硬”;

6、在试卷上做适当的勾画。 推荐书目:

1、《大学英语翻译技巧》上海外教出版社 蔡基刚

2、《汉英翻译技巧》外文出版社

唐义均

3、《灵活与变通——英汉翻译案列讲座》 外文出版社 叶子男

4、《说词解句——英汉语言对比与翻译》 大连理工大学出版社

仝益明

做题步骤:

1、2分钟大致意群分析;

2、2分钟精细意群分析;

3、2分钟划分信息主干;

4、20分钟翻译全文;

5、3分钟检查。

简言之：

1、全文浏览;

2、短句;

3、找出主干(主谓或主系结构)

4、补充修饰成分(定状语)

Step 3

Translation Practice

练习 1 • 中国将进一步发展经济、扩大开放，这对 海外企业(enterprises)意味着更多的商机。 改革开放以来， 中国企业与海外企业一直 积极开展经济技术合作，并取得了巨大成 就。海外企业不仅帮助了中国企业的成长， 而且也在合作中获得了收益。中国政府将 继续提供有利的政策和条件，推动中国企 业与国外企业进一步开展合作。

• China will develop its economy further and open itself wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises. Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have been cooperating with overseas enterprises in terms of economy and technology, and have scored great achievement. Overseas enterprises have not only helped Chinese enterprises with their growth, but also benefited from the cooperation. Chinese government will continue to offer favorable policies and conditions to promote the further cooperation between

Chinese and overseas enterprises.

练习 2

• 狮舞(Lion Dance)是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈 之一。狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视 为是能带来好运的吉祥物(mascot)。古人将狮 子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护 人类。据记载，狮舞已拥有了2,000多年的历史。 在唐代(the Tang Dynasty)，狮舞就已经被引入 了皇室。因此，舞狮成为元宵节(the Lantern Festival)和其他节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好 运、平安和幸福。

• The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China. The lion is the king of animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck. Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans. The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years. During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty. Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness. 练习 3 • 假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费 观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中 国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需 品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。 同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日 经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相 应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面， 服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质 量的要求。

• The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese people’s consumption concept is undertaking great changes. According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development. Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development. On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.

练习 4 • 端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大 臣(minister),他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。 但最后因为受到诽谤(vilify)而最终投河自 尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子， 希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几 千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子

(glutinous dumplings)和赛龙舟，尤其是 在一些河湖密布的南方省份。

• The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified. People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s body. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.

练习 5

• 2013年6月20日在中国各地，剧估计60万儿童和他们 的老师观看了有宇航员(astronaut)王亚平在距离 地球300公里的上空所讲授的科学课。王亚平与两个 同事乘坐天宫一号实验舱(the Tiangon-1 laboratory module) 执行为期两周的任务。她在课上进行了一系 列太空的物理演示。在有些演示中还对比了在地球 上重力(one-gravity)环境下同样的实验。这堂物理 课不仅让孩子们享受了一堂知识与乐趣兼具的物理 课，也显示了 我国通信科技的前进。

• On June 20, 2013, an estimated 600 thousand school children and their teachers across China watched a science lesson taught from 300km above the Earth by astronaut Wang Yaping. Wang is aboard the Tiangong-1 laboratory module with two crewmates, for a two-week mission. Her lessons were a series of physics demonstrations in the space. In some demonstrations, she compared with the same experiment under the one-gravity environment on Earth. The lesson has not only offered children a physics lesson with knowledge and interest, but also shows the advance in communication technology of China. 练习 6通常看一个读些什么书就可知道他的为人，就像看他同什么人交往就可知道他的为人一样，因为有人以人为伴，也有人以书为伴。无论是书友还是朋友，我们都应该以最好的为伴。但如果你放下了一本你不喜欢看的书而不断地去找寻另外一本对你有意义的书，因为这样一本书让你得到消遣放松，你确定很享受——因为阅读，你变得更好，更聪慧，更和善或者说更文雅，如果没有阅读的过程你什么也享用不了。他认为这本书和书中的知识只是违背他自身世界的另一个世界，一个他不存在也不想介入的世界，一个可恨的老师们代表着和标榜着的世界。

.A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps; for there is a companionship of books as well as of men; and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.But if you put down a book you don‟t like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will almost certainly have a good time—and if you become as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder or more gentle, you won‟t have suffered during the process.He felt that books and the knowledge in them were part of a world that was against him, a world to which he did not belong and which he did not want to enter, the world of which the hateful teachers were representatives and symbols.

练习 7我们对历史的爱好起源于我们最初仅对一些历史上的宏伟场面和激动人心的事件感到孩童般的兴趣;其后，这种爱好变得成熟起来，我们开始对历史这出“戏剧”的多样性和复杂性，对历史上的辉煌成就和悲壮失败也感兴趣;对历史的爱好，最终以我们对人类生命的一种深沉的神秘感而告结束。对死去的，无论是伟大与平凡，所有在这个地球上走过而已逝的人，都有能取得伟大奇迹或制造可怕事件的潜力。

.It begins as a childlike interest in the grand spectacle and exciting event; it grows as a mature interest in the variety and complexity of the drama, the splendid achievements and terrible failures; it ends as deep sense of the mystery of man„s life of all the dead, great and obscure, who once walked the earth, and of wonderful and awful possibilities of being a human being.

中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节(the Dragon Boat Festival)是纪念古代 诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子(zongzi)。中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征 着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节(The Mid-autumn Festival)的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国 的农历新年(the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday)，除了常见的家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗 烹制传统食物，如铰子和年糕。

Traditional Chinese holiday meals are indispensable on some festivals. For example, the Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan and people usually hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, or rice dumpling on that day. The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon. The round moon is a symbol for completeness and family reunion. The special food of the day is yuebing, a round cake known as the mooncake. The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday. Besides the popular poultry and meat, people

cook traditional food according to regional customs, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the “ 1 ” new year cake

练习8北京有无数的胡同(hutong)。平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅 是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20 口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大 厦所取代。但愿胡同可以保留下来

In Beijing, there are numerous hutongs. The life of common people in hutongs brings endless charm to the ancient capital, Beijing. The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of common people but also a kind of architecture. Usually, there is a courtyard complex inside hutong, with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people. Therefore, life in hutongs is full of friendliness and genuine humanity. Nowadays, with rapid social and economic development, many hutongs are replaced by new tall buildings. I hope hutongs can be preserved.

练习 9过去的七年，中国的房地产(real estate)业经历了前所未有的高速增长。对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市 拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。鉴于这一状况，政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长，包括提高利率及增加房产税等。目前，这些措施在部分城市已经 取得了初步的成效

In the past seven years, China’s real estate industry has developed in a record high speed. For those who earn less but are eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford. For this reason, the government has taken a series of measures to prevent the housing price from rising too fast, including raising interest rates and increasing taxes on real estate etc. Presently, these measures have achieved initial effects in some cities.

练习 10如今，越来越多的大学生抱怨很难找到好工作。造成这一现象的原因如下：首先，大学生把在校的大多数 时间都用在了专业学科学习上，只有当他们开始找工作的时候，才意识到自己缺乏必要的职业培训。其次，大 学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈，这导致任何一名大学生找到工作的机会都变小了。因此，强烈建议大学生在 课余时间做一些兼职工作，以积累相关的工作经验。

Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job. The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training. Second, competition among graduates has become more and more

fierce. And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job. Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience.

Assignments: Students are required to finish all the related exercises in the book.

第四篇：大学英语四级翻译练习一

中国画

中国画线条简单，却能给人无限的想象空间。所以中国人看画，事实上是在心里作画。也许有人会问：中国的山水画家为什么老是喜欢画一些简陋的茅屋，而不画高大的建筑呢?这是因为中国人觉得物质生活是短暂的，人的精神却是永恒的。一个人如果领悟了天地的辽阔，山水的悠久，他还能不察觉自己的渺小，而变得谦虚吗? Chinese painting Chinese painting, though simple in line, inspires a boundless realm of imagination. Therefore, when Chinese people appreciate their painting, they are actually painting in their mind. Some may ask; why do Chinese landscape painters love to paint shabby thatched cottages instead of high buildings? It is because they sense the brevity of physical life but he eternity of the human spirit. If one realizes the boundlessness of heaven and earth and the eternity of mountains and rivers, how could he be otherwise than humble at his own insignificance in the universe?

谦虚

中国人说话总是很客气，这并不是中国人虚伪，而是他们处世做人的一种基本态度---谦虚。 中国人一向不愿跟别人争胜，但是自己一定要怀抱着高远的理想。如果他说没有什么菜，意思是说：不管拿出多少好吃的东西来款待你，仍然不能充分表示对你的尊重和欢迎。在中国的山水画里往往没有人，就是有，也画得很小，只能算点缀。这是中国人对大自然的谦虚， 他把自己融入风景里，而不让风景来陪衬自己。

Chinese people are always humble in conversation. It is not out of deceit, but out of their basic principle for conducting themselves in life: modesty. They don’t often want to contend for the upper hand, but certainly hold lofty ambition within themselves. By saying there is not much to eat, they mean that no matter how much delicious food may be served, it is never enough to show their respect for and hospitability towards you. In Chinese paintings, there are no humans, or if there are any they are merely tiny adornments. It is out of their humility in nature, by blending humans into the scenery instead of highlighting humans above it.

烧菜

烧菜是一种艺术。所以会烧菜的人一定懂得配菜，知道哪几种菜配在一起，颜色鲜明可爱;哪一种菜要加些什么作料才好吃;烧哪些菜要用快火，哪些菜要用慢火。这些事都不简单，全靠厨子的技术和经验;做久了，自然熟能生巧。中国人讲究生活的艺术，如果只有很少的菜钱，他们就特别用些心思，把简单的食物做得味道鲜美，增加生活的乐趣。 Cooking Cooking can be considered an art. A good chef know how to complement material in the dish. He has the knowledge of what ingredients make lovely bright colors, of the spices that make a dish delicious, and of the need for quick heat or slow fire to make dishes taste right. All this is not simple, but is dependent on the technique and experience of the chef, who can only reach perfection after long practice. Chinese people stress the art of living. If they have but little to expend on food, they will pay special attention to the cooking, making delicious dishes out of the simple ingredients that add spice to life.

自强不息

中华文明历来注重自强不息，不断革故鼎新。“天行健，君子以自强不息。”这是中国的一句千年传世格言。中华民族之所以能在5000多年的历史进程中发展壮大，历经挫折而不屈，屡遭坎坷而不馁，靠的就是这样一种发疯图强、坚忍不拔与时俱进的精神。中国人民在克服前进道路上的各种困难中表现出来的顽强毅力，正是这种自强不息精神的生动写照。 Self-improvement Chinese civilization has always emphasized unremitting self-improvement, reform and innovation. An ancient Chinese motto has been handed down to generations for thousands of years, i.e., “As Heaven keeps vigorous through movement, a gentleman should unremittingly practice self-improvement.” Throughout its 5,000-year history, it is thanks to perseverance, determination, stamina and innovation that the Chinese nation has grown after surviving numerous setbacks and adversity. Chinese people’s great tenacity in overcoming difficulties on the road to progress gives expression to their traditional spirit of unremitting self-improvement..

第五篇：四级写作与翻译最新真题解析

2012年12月大学英语四级考试写作部分和往年有很多不同之处。这不仅让参与这次考试的考生感到头痛不已，也让正在备考的同学们万分困扰，抓不住复习的方向。

翻译部分是考生比较容易得分的部分，但这部分的平均得分率并不高。究竟是为什么呢? 四级考试写作部分和翻译部分最新真题。

四 级 写 作

Directions: You’re allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, “Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I’ve done it hundreds of time.” You’d write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Outline 1.坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。

2.意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命。 3.学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，终究不会成为有用之才。

本次大学英语四级考试写作题目有别于前几年传统的提纲式议论文，增添了几分新意，话题也较抽象，不易下手。这也让习惯了传统四级写作模式的同学们顿时手足无措。

面对出其不意的四级写作题目，我们应该怎么办呢?单纯背诵模板已经不再是复习四级写作的最佳途径了，我们应该重点培养和提升应对考试的写作能力和技巧，真正做到以不变应万变。

一、审题阶段 1.英文提示

1) 以往的英文部分一般只是交代写作的题目。而这次的英文部分却是对写作内容提出了具体的要求：Comment on the humorous saying, “Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I’ve done it hundreds of time.” 如果考生还是像以前那样只看中文提纲，就会忽略掉这个重要的信息。

2) 虽然试题要求考生能够结合戒烟屡次而不成功的幽默引语来阐释话题。但这次考试的题目是Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will，article的核心主旨应该在关键词strong will上。然而很多考生在审题时没有能抓住主题，把重心放到了戒烟上，导致了全文偏离主题，这样分数自然不会理想。

3) 这次的英文部分对article长度给出了更明确的要求。以往的词数要求一般是“不少于120词”，而这次要求“不少于120词，不多于180词”。 2.中文提纲

1)常见的四级写作提纲有三种形式：现象描述型，问题解决型，观点对比型。

乍看起来，这次考试的提纲似乎并不符合任何一种。这也让不少考生头疼。不过，对比之后可以发现，虽然这次的话题是“成功”，比较抽象，不是具体现象，但这个提纲和现象描述型提纲最为接近。所以考生可以根据现象描述型article的思路来展开。 2)总的来说，这道试题其实是需要考生分析“坚强意志”和成功的关系，应把重心放到对“坚强意志”重要性的论述上。

二、谋篇布局

四级写作常见的结构是三段式： 第一段：总述现象，引出话题。

第二段：重点分析阐释“坚强意志的重要性”，可以通过举实例(如名人轶事或身边同学的例子，也可以利用戒烟失败作为反例) 第三段：推出结论，并再次重申坚强意志的重要性，达到首尾呼应的效果。

三、衔接过渡

四级写作非常注重段落与段落之间的过渡，以及段落内的层次，因此过渡词的应用非常重要。

常用的过渡表达有：

举例关系：a case in point is...， a good example of that would be...，for instance 结果关系：accordingly，thus，consequently，hence，therefore，for this reason 归纳总结：in conclusion，on the whole，in sum，in short，to sum up，in summary，in a nutshell

范文

No great work can be performed without willpower. We envy famous men and imagine that fame was due to some trick of luck. But when we know their histories, we find that it is long years of hard work and constant effort that have brought about their success. Just as we can’t reach the top of a mountain without climbing, we can’t achieve success without determination. Modern society provides people with more opportunities than before, and there are stories about people who enjoy overnight successes. But it is not the case. Before these people become successful, a lot of hard work has been done, mostly unnoticed. What we see is the result, but what we ignore is a long process of struggling forward and wrestling with internal or external obstacles. Take quitting smoking for example. Most people find it difficult, so people give up on quitting because they don’t have a strong will. In a nutshell, a strong will is an important quality of the successful individual. There is no instant success in this world. Willpower is what you need to make your life distinctive and your dreams come true.

四 级 翻 译

四级翻译是很多考生在备考阶段最容易忽视的一个部分。很多同学误以为翻译考查的语法知识点会很难，分值又不高。

其实，这一部分是最容易在短期内提高的部分，只要考生在复习时明确考查重点和方向，并能掌握一些相应的做题技巧，通常可以得到理想的分数。

四级翻译考查的重点是基本的语法结构和一些常用的英语表达习惯。简而言之，在历年四级翻译的考试中，有三大常考的考点: 1.固定搭配

2.重点语法结构

包括虚拟语气，倒装结构，非谓语动词和三大从句

3.核心动词和动词短语

在明确了翻译的考查重点之后，我们应该要知道翻译解题的步骤，这样可以有效地提高我们的解题速度和正确率。

翻译的解题一般分三步走: 第一，快速浏览英文，判断划线句子的形式和时态;

第二，看括号里的汉语句子，以核心谓语动词作为切入点，找准主谓宾，分清定状补; 第三，先翻译主谓宾，后定状补，切块翻译，重组。 我们一起来分析一下11年12月份的四级考试翻译真题：

87. Charity groups organized various activities to ____________ (为地震幸存者筹款). 88. Linda _______________ (不可能收到我的电子邮件), otherwise, she could have replied. 89. It’s my mother ____________ (一直鼓励我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my study. 90. The publishing house has to _________________(考虑这本小说的受欢迎程度). 91. It’s wrong to _____________ (仅仅以金钱来定义幸福).

考点分析

87题：考查动词raise的用法，raise money/funds 表示“筹款”。

88题：考点是虚拟语气。而且是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，“could have+过去分词”是此题使用的结构。这个结构非常经典，基本每两次考试就可能考到一次。

89题：考查了it’s...that/who...强调句型和动词encourage的搭配。

90题：考查了“考虑”的表达，四级核心高频词汇consider，可以用词组take...into account/ consideration。

91题：考查了“定义”的表达，为define/measure。“以……来定义”也可以使用in terms of 这个四六级高频核心介词短语，简洁的表达可选择by。

参考答案

87. raise money for the survivors of the earthquake 88. couldn’t have received my e-mail 89. who keeps encouraging me not to lose heart 90. take the popularity of this novel into consideration 91. define happiness only by money