英语翻译基础考研真题

2023-05-08

第一篇：英语翻译基础考研真题

四川农业大学考研真题之风景园林基础

四川农业大学

2011年招收攻读硕士学位研究生考试试题

科目名称： 344风景园林基础 (总分：150分) 适用专业：095300风景园林硕士考生注意：所有答案必需写在答题纸上，否则无效!本试题随同答题纸交回!

一、论述风景园林学科范畴(20)

二、论述近现代国际风景园林发展动态(30)

三、简述风景园林规划设计基本法则(20)

四、试述风景名胜区规划设计包括的主要内容(25)

五、试述风景园林植物造景设计的常见形式(25)

六、如何理解风景园林学科的地位(30)

第二篇：历年考研英语翻译真题2

2002年英译汉试题

(31) One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on.

(32)The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.

(33)The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.

(34)They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.

(35) Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.

2003年英译汉试题

(36)Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.

(37)Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.

(38)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.

(39)Tylor defined culture as “...that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”

(40)Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture," like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.

2004年英译汉试题

(41) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.

(42) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.

(43) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.1

(44) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought ma society.

(45) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.

2005年英译汉试题

(46) Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed -- and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.

(47) In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.

(48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.

(49) Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice

(50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall”

2006年英译汉试题

(51) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems.

(52) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

(53) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.

(54) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.

(55) They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.

2007年英译汉试题

(56) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.

(57) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.

(58) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.

(59) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.

(60) While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.

2008年英译汉试题

(61) he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.

(62) He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.

(63) On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.

(64) He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”

(65) Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.

2009年英译汉试题

(66) It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive.

(67) Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.

(68) While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults.

(69) Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.

(70) We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering,

a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling.

2010年英译汉试题

(71)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.

(72)but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.

(73)Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless species.

(74)In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such ,within reason.

(75)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.

2011年英译汉试题

(76) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature

(77) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ”

(78) This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.

(79)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation .

(80) The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.

46. yet, when onelooks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes onethat, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various otherfundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression。

【参考译文】然而，看着无家可归者绘制出的花园图片时，人们会突然想到，尽管这些花园风格多样，它们都显示了人类除了装饰和创造性表达之外的其他各种基本诉求

47. A sacred placeof peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed toshelter, which is a distinctly animal need。

【参考译文】无论地方多么简陋不堪，寻求一片静谧圣土是人类特有的需求，而动物需要的仅是仅是避难栖息之地。

48. The gardens ofthe homeless, which are in effect homeless gardens, introduce form into an urbanenvironment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such。

【参考译文】无家可归者的乐园，实际上是一个毫无家气息的地方，给城市环境带来了一种新的形式。。

无家可归者描绘的花园实质上是无所依附的，这些花园把一种形式引入城市环境中，而这样的城市环境中，形式要么根本不存在，要么就完全不是以这种明显的方式存在。

49. most of usgive in to a demoralization of spirit which usually blame on some psychologicalconditions, until one day we find ourselves in a garden and feel the oppressionvanish as if by magic。

【参考译文】我们大多数人会深陷于精神萎靡的状态，并常常将此归咎为一些心理原因，直到某天我们发现自己置身花园中，感到如魔法般烦闷尽消

50. It is thisimplicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of theword garden, though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these syntheticconstructions。

【参考译文】正是对自然的这种或隐晦含蓄或清晰直白的提及，充分证实了用“花园”一词来描述这些虚拟建筑是合乎情理的，即使是从毫无拘泥的意义来讲的。

第三篇：2013考研英语真题

2013考研英语真题：难度稍降分数线预计持平 2012年考研英语已经结束，好学网考研辅导专家第一时间为你提供真题解析，以帮助广大考生及时估分查询，希望考生能顺利进入复试，最终考上理想的大学。

英语试题的整体难度

今年的英语试题，参比2011年难度上是持平的，但是有些试题的难度要比2011年的前70分要容易一些。

英语写作部分

今年英语(一)的写作完全在教育部出题老师的指导下，让所有2012年的考生能够把自己的目光还原到我们的大学，大学生活，提示中可看到今年小作文的考题实际是让同学像有些国际学生，一些留学生要来我们的学校，作为我们来讲是东道主，我们是主人，应该向他们提供我们的一些建议，希望他们能够更好的完成学业，这个话题真的是司空见惯，而且以前的高考和四六级模拟中经常看到，所以，这道题难度不大。

今年英语(一)的大作文可能让同学们感到比较头疼，看到这个题目同学们不知道如何下手，有很多同学都喜欢看一些中央电视台的《百家讲坛》，其中，有一个非常非常不错的女老师就是于丹老师曾经在《百家讲坛》说过一句话，就是我们人生应该如何面对，我们应该以什么态度去体会我们真正生活存在的空间。

英语(二)的小作文相对去年来说要难一些，今年小作文考的是投诉信，全世界所有需要考英语的学生们，其中有很多人他们需要考信件，但是据了解有很多全世界各国要考英语信件的同学们，他们有一个共识，信件方面最难写的其实就是投诉信;所以，英语(二)的小作文比英语(一)的小作文难一些。

分数线预测

今年考题和去年考题进行大致比对后，分数线在某种意义上是持平，有些题目要容易一些，但是不能乐观的分析今年的分数线，因为165万多人去考研，比去年增加很多，可是在扩招的整个名额中并没有多了多少，所以，还是保持谨慎乐观，还是以去年的分数线参照。

好学网()

第四篇：(英语)如何着手做考研英语真题

考研英语复习点拨：如何着手做真题

真题价值是不言而喻的，真题用的过早，将无法发挥真题的功效。有些同学，背了单词之后就直接拿真题来研究，文章都读不懂，边看答案边做题，真可谓是“暴殄天物”!你连基本的基础和训练都没有进行，怎么就敢动真题，这不是丢失了真题的真正价值吗?

那么什么时候开始真题的复习呢?对于基础差的同学，真题研究可以延迟到暑假，如果基础打不牢，做真题等于浪费，因为有参考价值的可供咱们利用的真题屈指可数。基础好的同学4~5月份就可以着手真题复习了，不要觉得时间太靠前，因为最少要做近十年的真题，这之间的时间你还得复习其他的功课，所以看上去时间很长，其实很紧，主要是多感受真题的选项以及选项的干扰项，要密切注意在每一个选项中命题老师所设置的词组上的干扰，多熟悉、了解命题老师的思路，所以得早做准备。

那么如何利用真题，真题看几遍为宜?有些同学说要把真题研究十几遍，我个人认为没那个必要，英语真题不像数学，一道数学题，即使你做了几遍，过一段时间不看，我敢保证你还是不会。英语就不一样的，说白了英语就是语言性的东西，就像你看小说一样，就算你如何漫不经心去看，你总能记住一些人物或情节，下次再马上就能够回忆起来。

建议真题研究4-5遍

平时做真题阅读时就要限时完成，不超过15分钟，做完后进行超精读，对文章整体思路、定位与反应能力都是在超精读的过程中提高的。

把不懂得单词和难句搞懂

对于基础不太好的同学，更要强化基本功。我个人觉得在读文章时要完完全全的超精分析，逐字逐句的去扣：一个句子,它的主干是什么?修饰部分又有哪些?句子中有哪些自己不认识的单词?这些单词在句子中是什么意思?是否还和某些其他单词搭配构成词组?词组放在一起又该如何理解?句子中有哪些指代?指代的对象是什么?整个句子又该如何理解?段落之间的衔接与逻辑关系

翻译阅读，达到熟读成诵的地步

阅读问题主干，根据相关内容，返回原文定位，仔细分析，可以根据选项与原文对照。十年真题主要考事实细节题，中心主旨题，词汇题，句子理解题，作者态度(观点)题，文章态度观点题，推理题，例证题，指代题，判断题。看问题时先把这些看清，搞清出题思路。

总结答题技巧：怎样在两个相似的答案中筛选正确选项，其他选项与错在哪，正确选项与原文是怎样替换或推导来的，立足于自己分析的同时，结合真题复习资料分析，从宏观和微观两方面对文章彻底掌握(宏观：文章的行文思路，写作手法，论证方式等;微观：字词句以及字词句的扩展;解题：对于题干和选项的分析，错误选项的改写)

善待真题，这样你就能披荆斩棘，取得成功