英语写作词组短语

2022-07-26

第一篇:英语写作词组短语

初一英语短语词组和重点句型归纳

[短语、词组归纳]

由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理:

一、动词+介词

1.look at…看…, look like … 看上去像……, look after …照料…

2.listen to…听……

3.welcome to…欢迎到……

4.say hello to …向……问好

5.speak to…对……说话

此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必须带宾语,但宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后。

二、动词+副词

“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类:

A.动词(vt.)+副词

1.put on 穿上 2.take off脱下 3.write down记下

此类短语可以带宾语,宾语若是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面。

B.动词(vi)+副词。

1.come on赶快 2.get up起床 3.go home回家

4.come in进来 5.sit down坐下 6.stand up起立

此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。

三、其它类动词词组

1.close the door2.1ook the same3.go to work/class5.have a look/seat6.have supper

7.1ook young8.go shopping9.watch TV/games10. play games

[介词短语聚焦]

“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。

1.in+语言/颜色/衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着……。

2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等,表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。

3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。

4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。

5.in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”;on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。

6.in the wall表示“在墙上(凹陷进去)”;on the wall表示“在墙上(指墙的表面)”。

7.at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中无the。

8.at + 时刻表示钟点。

9.like this/ that表示方式,意为“像……这/那样”。

10.of短语表示所属关系。

11.behind/beside/near/under+ 名词等,表示方位、处所。

12.from与to多表示方向,前者意为“从……”,后者意为“到……”。

另外,以下这些短语也必须掌握。如:on duty,after breakfast,at night,at the door,in the middle,in the sky, on one’s bike等。

[重点句型大回放]

1.I think…意为“我认为……”,是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…,

2.give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”,动词give之后可接双宾语,可用这两种句型;若指

物的宾语是人称代词时,则只能用give it/ them to sb.

3.take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”,后常接地点,也可接人。

4.One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……;另一个是……”,必须是两者中。5.Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”,人后应用不带to的动词不定式,其否定式为Don’t let sb,do sth.,或Let sb. not do sth. 另外,Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同,前者包括听者在内,后者不包括听者在内,6.help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,前者用不定式作宾补,后者用介词短语作宾补,二者可以互换.

7.What about…?/How about…?意为“……怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词,其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。

8.It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”,其中to后须接原形动词,for后可接名词或V-ing形式。

9.like to do sth./ like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”, 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作,

10.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”,其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式,11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”,该句型的用法同前面第2点。12.introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”;introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。

[重点短语快速复习]

1. kinds of 各种各样的

2. either…or…或者……或者……,

不是……就是……3. neither…nor…既不……也不……5. take a seat 就坐

6. home cooking 家常做法7. be famous for 因……而著名8. on ones way to在……途中9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院

10. at the end of在……的尽头,在……的末尾

11. wait for 等待

12. in time 及时

13. make one’s way to…往……(艰难地)走去14. just then 正在那时15. first of all 首先,第一16. go wrong 走错路17. be/get lost 迷路

18. make a noise 吵闹,喧哗19. get on 上车20. get off 下车

21. stand in line 站队

22. waiting room 候诊室,候车室23. at the head of……在……的前头24. laugh at 嘲笑

25. throw about 乱丢,抛散26. in fact 实际上

27. at midnight 在半夜

28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架

30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温31. have/ get a pain in…某处疼痛32. have a headache 头痛

33. as soon as… 一……就……34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事

35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事36. fall asleep 入睡

37. again and again再三地,反复地38. wake up 醒来,叫醒39. instead of 代替

40. look over 检查41. take exercise运动

42. had better(not) do sth. 最好(不要)干某事43. at the weekend 在周末44. on time 按时

45. out of从……向外

46. all by oneself 独立,单独47. lots of=a lot of 许多

48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再

49. get back 回来,取回

50. sooner or later迟早51. run away 逃跑52. eat up 吃光,吃完

53. run after 追赶

54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) (好

[重温重点句型]

1.So + be/助动词/情牵动词/主语.

好)照顾,照料

56. think of 考虑到,想起57. keep a diary 坚持写日记

58. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下59. harder and harder 越来越厉害60. turn on打开(电灯、收音机、煤气等)61. turn off 关

前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用到这种倒装结构,表示“另一人(物)也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用“Neither/ Nor + be/助动词/情态动词+主语.”这种倒装结构。注意:“So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词.”这一句型常用于表示赞同,进一步肯定对方的看法,表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”

2.Turn right/left at the first/second/…crossing.

这一指路的句型意为“在第一/二/……个十字路口向右/左拐。”相当于Take the first /second/…turning on theright/left.3.It takes sb.some time to do sth.

此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的主语.

4.…think/find + it + adj. + to do sth.

此句型中的it是形式宾语,不可用其它代词替代,形容词作宾语的补足语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的宾语。

5.What’s wrong with…?

此句型相当于What’s the matter/ trouble with…?后跟某物作宾语时,意为“某物出什么毛病了?”后跟某人作宾语时,意为“某人怎么了?”

6.too…to…

在so…that…复合句中,that后的句子是否定句时,常与简单句too…to…(太……而不能……)进行句型转换。 在so…that…复合句中,that后的句子是肯定句时,常与简单句…enough to…进行句型转换.

[重点句型、词组大盘点]

1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。

[用法] used to + 动词原形,表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态,含有现在不再如此之意。[搭配] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do.

[比较] used to do sth. 过去常做某事;be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事;be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。

3.No matter what the weather is like…无论天气……

[用法]no matter what 相当于whatever,其意为“无论什么”,引导状语从句。

[拓展]类似no matter what的表达方式还有:no matter when无论什么时候no matter where无论什么地方no matter who无论谁

no matter how 无论怎么样

4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。

[用法]practise doing sth. 表示“实践、练习(做)某事”。

[拓展]practice名词,“实践”、“实施”、“练习”;put a plan into practice实行某计划。

5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。[用法]1)encourage用作动词,意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。2)take part in“参加”,常表示参加活动。3)protect 是动词,表示“防御”、“保护”。

[搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害

6. …to warn people about sharks in the water. ……警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。[用法] warn用作动词,意思是“警告”、“警戒”。[搭配]1)warn sb.+ that从句

2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事

4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事重点句型、词组大盘点 1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。 [ 用法 ] used to + 动词原形,表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态,含有现在不再如此之意。 [ 搭配 ] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do. [ 比较 ] used to do sth. 过去常做某事;be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事;be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。 ……

人称代词:

是用来表示人的代词,有单数和负数之分,有主格和宾格之分。人称代词的主格在句中作主语;人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语,是作动词或介词的宾语。主格:I, we, you, he, she, it, they在句子中作主语。宾格:me, us, you, him, her, it, them在句子中作宾格。He and I are in the same class. 我和他在同一个班级。Can you see them in the street? 你能看见他们在街上吗?

祈使句

祈使句用来表示请求、命令等,句中没有主语,肯定形式由谓语或者谓语+宾语(+宾语补足语)构成,否定形式则在句前加Don’t.Stand up, please. 请起立。Don’t worry. 别担心。

一般现在时

一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作,或表示现在的特征或状态。其动词形式是:动词原形(只有第三

人称单数作主语时除外,要加-s)其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词do或does 1) 肯定句用行为动词原形表示

They get up very early every morning. 他们每天早晨起来很早。

I visit my grandparents four times a month. 我一个月去看望祖父母四次。 2) 否定句用don’t + 动词原形来表示

We do not go shopping on Sundays. 我们周日不去购物。 I don’t think you like this colour. 我想你不喜欢这个颜色。

3) 一般疑问句则是把助动词do提前至句首,后面动词用原形。回答时,肯定用 “Yes, 主语+do”;否定句用

“No, 主语+don’t”。

–Do they go to school at seven o’clock? 他们七点去上学吗?--Yes, they do.

--Do you like this skirt? 你喜欢这条裙子吗?--No, I don’t. 不,我不喜欢。

一般现在时用来表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与以下的时间状语连用:often 经常,always 总是,sometimes有时,usually 通常,every day/ week 每天/ 周等。He usually goes to school by bike. 通常他骑车上学。 I visit my grandparents every week. 我每个星期都去看祖父母。 She is always late for class. 她总是上课迟到。

My parents and I sometimes go out to eat. 我和父母有时出去吃饭。 It often rains here. 这儿常常下雨。 主语为第三人称单数时的一般现在时

一般现在时态,当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词也要是第三人称单数,后要加-s或-es。 He likes reading at night. 他喜欢夜里读书。

She usually goes to school by bike. 她平时骑车上学。 The little cat drinks milk every day. 小猫每天都喝牛奶。 转换成否定句要加doesn’t,其后的动词用原形。 Kelly doesn’t get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.凯丽星期六星期天起床不早。

He doesn’t feel well today. 他今天感觉不舒服。

转换成一般疑问句,句首用Does,其后的动词用原形。 Does he have lunch at school? 他在学校吃午饭吗? Does it take long by train? 乘火车要很长时间吗?现在进行时态:

概念:表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作,也可以表示目前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的活动。结构:由be动词(am, is, are) + 动词ing构成,其中be动词要与主语保持性数一致。 Mary is flying a kite in the park. 玛丽正在公园里放风筝。 -What are you doing now? 你现在在干什么? --I’m reading English. 我正在读英语。

Are they drawing the pictures now? 他们正在画画吗?

动词ing形式叫动词现在分词,其构成如下:

1)直接在动词后加ing

play—playing, do—doing, talk—talking, sing--singing

2)以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,先去e,再加ing

make—making, write—writing, have—having, take—taking

3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写这个辅音字母,再加ing run—running, stop—stopping, put—putting, swim—swimming

注意对现在进行时态的判断。判断一个英语句子用什么时态,主要看句子的时间状语,一般说来,每种时态都有与之相对应的时间状语。现在进行时表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。因此,这个时态最常用的时间状语是now;但有不少句子并没有now,只能通过提示语如look、listen等或者通过上下文来确定用现在进行时。

She is cleaning her room now. 她正在打扫房间。

Look! The girl is dancing over there. 看!那个女孩在那里跳舞。 --Can you go and play games with me? 你能和我们一起做游戏吗? --Can’t you see I am doing my homework? 你没看见我正在做作业吗?

介词用法:

1)具体时间前介词用at。

He gets up at half past seven every day. 他每天七点半起床。

She goes to bed at eleven o’clock. 她十一点睡觉。

2)表示“在早上,在下午,在晚上”的短语中用介词in,且定冠词the不能省略;表示“在中午,在夜里”的短语中介词用at,不加冠词。in the morning在早上,in the afternoon 在下午,in the evening 在晚上at noon在中午,at night在夜里 3)表示“在某天”、“在某天的上午、下午等”的短语用介词on。 What do you usually do on Monday morning? 星期一上午你通常做什么? Do you sometimes go out to eat on Friday evening?有时你星期五晚上出去吃饭吗?

4)在this, last, next, every等词前面既不加介词,也不用冠词。 What are you doing this afternoon? 今天下午你做什么?

He visits his grandma every Friday. 他每个星期五都去看望祖母。 She is going to Shanghai next Monday. 她下个星期一去上海。

第二篇:初中英语知识总结-短语、词组和重点句型归纳

初中英语知识总结

-短语、词组和重点句型归纳

[短语、词组归纳]

由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理:

一、动词+介词:此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必带宾语,但宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在介词后。

1.look at 看 ; look like

看上去像 ; look after 照料

2.listen to 听

3.welcome to欢迎到 4.say hello to „向„„问好 5.speak to„对„„说话

二、动词+副词

“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类:

A.动词(vt.)+副词。此类短语可以带宾语,宾语若是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面。

1.put on 穿上

2.take off脱下

3.write down记下。 B.动词(vi)+副词。此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。

1.come on赶快

2.get up起床

3.go home回家

4.come in进来

5.sit down坐下

6.stand up起立

三、其它类动词词组 1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games

10. play games

“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。

1.in+语言/颜色/衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着„„。

2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等,表示“在„„排/队/班级/年级”等。 3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。 4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。

5.in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”;on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。

6.in the wall表示“在墙上(凹陷进去)”;on the wall表示“在墙上(指墙的表面)”。

7.at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中无the。 8.at + 时刻表示钟点。

9.like this/that表示方式,意为“像„„这/那样”。

1 10.of短语表示所属关系。

11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等,表示方位、处所。

12.from与to多表示方向,前者意为“从„„”,后者意为“到„„”。

另外,以下这些短语也必须掌握。如:on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。

[重点句型大回放]

1.I think„意为“我认为„„”,是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think„,

2.give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把„„给„„”,动词give之后可接双宾语,可用这两种句型;若指物的宾语是人称代词时,则只能用give it/ them to sb. 3.take sb./ sth. to„意为“把„„(送)带到„„”,后常接地点,也可接人。

4.One„, the other„/One is„and one is„意为“一个是„„;另一个是„”,必须是两者中。 5.Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”,人后应用不带to的动词不定式,其否定式为Don’t let sb,do sth.,或Let sb. not do sth. 另外,Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同,前者包括听者在内,后者不包括听者在内,

6.help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,前者用不定式作宾补,后者用介词短语作宾补,二者可以互换. 7.What about„?/How about„?意为“„„怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词,其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。 8.It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做„„的时间了”,其中to后须接原形动词,for后可接名词或V-ing形式。

9.like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”, 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作,

10.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”,其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式, 11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”,该句型的用法同前面第2点。 12.introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”;introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。

[重点短语快速复习]

1.kinds of 各种各样的

2. either„or„

或者„„或者„„,不是„„就是„„

3. neither„nor„

既不„„也不„„ 4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶 5. take a seat 就坐

6. home cooking 家常做法 7. be famous for 因„„而著名 8. on ones way to在„„途中

9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院

10. at the end of在„„的尽头,在„„的末尾 11. wait for 等待 12. in time 及时

13. make one’s way to„往„„(艰难地)走去 14. just then 正在那时 15. first of all 首先,第一

2 16. go wrong 走错路 17. be/get lost 迷路

18. make a noise 吵闹,喧哗 19. get on 上车 20. get off 下车

21. stand in line 站队

22. waiting room 候诊室,候车室 23. at the head of„„在„„的前头 24. laugh at 嘲笑

25. throw about 乱丢,抛散 26. in fact 实际上 27. at midnight 在半夜

28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快 29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架 30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温 31. have/get a pain in„某处疼痛 32. have a headache 头痛

33. as soon as„ 一„„就„„ 34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事 35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止„„干某事 36. fall asleep 入睡

37. again and again再三地,反复地 38. wake up 醒来,叫醒 39. instead of 代替 40. look over 检查

41. take exercise运动

42. had better(not) do sth. 最好(不要)干某事 43. at the weekend 在周末 44. on time 按时

45. out of从„„向外 46. all by oneself 独立,单独 47. lots of=a lot of 许多

48. no longer/more=not„any longer/more 不再 49. get back 回来,取回 50. sooner or later迟早 51. run away 逃跑 52. eat up 吃光,吃完

53. run after 追赶

54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物

55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) (好好)照顾,照料56. think of 考虑到,想起

57. keep a diary 坚持写日记

58. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下 59. harder and harder 越来越厉害

60. turn on打开(电灯、收音机、煤气等) 61. turn off 关

[重温重点句型]

1.So + be/助动词/情牵动词/主语.

前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用到这种倒装结构,表示“另一人(物)也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用“Neither/ Nor + be/助动词/情态动词+主语.”这种倒装结构。 注意:“So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词.”这一句型常用于表示赞同,进一步肯定对方的看法,表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”

2.Turn right/left at the first/second/„crossing. 这一指路的句型意为“在第一/二/„„个十字路口向右/左拐。”相当于Take the first /second/„turning on theright/left. 3.It takes sb.some time to do sth.

此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的主语. 4.„think/find + it + adj. + to do sth. 此句型中的it是形式宾语,不可用其它代词替代,形容词作宾语的补足语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的宾语。

5.What’s wrong with„?

此句型相当于What’s the matter/ trouble with„?后跟某物作宾语时,意为“某物出什么毛病了?”后跟某人作宾语时,意为“某人怎么了?” 6.too„to„

在so„that„复合句中,that后的句子是否定句时,常与简单句too„to„(太„„而不能„„)进行句型转换。

在so„that„复合句中,that后的句子是肯定句时,常与简单句„enough to„进行句型转换.

7.Sorry to hear that. 全句应为I’m sorry to hear that. 意为“听到此事我很难过(遗憾)。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。

[重点句型、词组大盘点]

1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。

[用法] used to + 动词原形,表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态,含有现在不再如此之意。 [搭配] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do. [比较] used to do sth. 过去常做某事;be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事;be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。

2.…return it sooner or later. „„迟早要将它归还。

[用法] l)sooner or later意为“迟早”、“早晚”。

2)return此处用作及物动词,意为“归还”,相当于give back. [拓展]return还可用作不及物动词,意为“返回”,相当于go back或come back。 3.No matter what the weather is like„无论天气„„

[用法]no matter what 相当于whatever,其意为“无论什么”,引导状语从句。

4 [拓展]类似no matter what的表达方式还有: no matter when无论什么时候

nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where无论什么地方 no matter who无论谁

no matter how 无论怎么样

4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green. 一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。

[用法]practise doing sth. 表示“实践、练习(做)某事”。 [拓展]practice名词,“实践”、“实施”、“练习”;put a plan into practice实行某计划。 5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans. 他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。 [用法]1)encourage用作动词,意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。 2)take part in“参加”,常表示参加活动。 3)protect 是动词,表示“防御”、“保护”。

[搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人 nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事

2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害

6. …to warn people about sharks in the water. „„警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。 [用法] warn用作动词,意思是“警告”、“警戒”。 [搭配]1)warn sb.+ that从句

2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事

3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事

4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事

中考英语高频考点错误分类详解

在学习初中英语的过程中, 同学们常会犯这样那样的错误, 大多数同学认为这些错误纷繁复杂, 无章可循, 其实并非如此。为便于系统复习, 现将中考高频考点,或者说把同学们常犯的错误进行分类详解, 希望对大家能有所警示与启迪。

I. “蛇足”类错误例析

“蛇足”类错误就是“画蛇添足”,在句中出现一些原本没有或本应省略的成分。

例1.

Though traveling by air is fast and comfortable, but it costs too much money. (×) Traveling by air is fast and comfortable, but it costs too much money. (√) Though traveling by air is fast and comfortable, it costs too much money. (√) 例2.

Because he was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (×)

Because he was ill yesterday, he didn’t go to work. (√) He was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (√) [析] 用though, but表示“虽然„„,但是„„ ”或用because, so 表示“因为„„,所以„„”时,though和but 及because和so 都只能择一而用,不能两者同时使用。

例3.

More than three hundreds people died in the oil well accident in Chongqing in 2003.(×)

5 More than three hundred people died in the oil well accident in Chongqing in 2003. (√) [析] hundred, thousand, million, billion等词前有具体数词修饰用来表示“确数”时,无论数词大小,hundred等词都要用单数形式。

例4.

My English teacher is a 38-years old man. (×) My English teacher is a 38-year-old man. (√) [析] 句中的38-years-old是由数词、名词和形容词一起构成的复合形容词,在句中充当定语,修饰名词man。复合形容词作定语时, 其中的名词要用单数形式, 且各词之间要有连字符“-”。

例5.

The Smiths have moved Beijing. (×)

The Smiths have moved to Beijing. (√) [析] 不及物动词后接名词或代词作宾语时,要在动词之后加上适当的介词;但不及物动词后接home, here, there等副词作宾语时,动词之后不必加任何介词。

例6.

The box is too heavy for him to carry it. (×) The box is too heavy for him to carry. (√) [析] the box既是这句话的主语, 也是不定式to carry的逻辑宾语,若句末再加上it,就和the box重复了。 II. “主谓不一致”类错误例析

主谓不一致类错误指的是句子的主语和谓语动词在人称和数上不一致而形成的错误。

例1.

Each of the boys have a pen. (×)

Each of the boys has a pen. (√) [析] 复数名词前有表个体的each of, one of, every,either of等词组修饰,或有表否定的neither of, none of 等词组修饰时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

例2. Neither he nor you is good at English. (×)

Neither he nor you are good at English. (√) [析] either... or..., neither... nor..., not only..., but also... 等词组连接句子的两个主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近一致原则”, 即由靠近谓语的那个主语决定谓语的人称和数用何种形式。

例3.

Two months are quite a long time. (×)

Two months is quite a long time. (√)

[析] 当时间、度量、距离、重量等名词作句子主语时,常将其看作一个整体,谓语动词要用单数形式。

例4. Ten minus three are seven. (×)

Ten minus three is seven. (√) [析] 用英语表示加(plus)、减(minus)等数学运算时,谓语动词也用单数形式。

例5. Watching TV too much are bad for your eyes. (×)

Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. (√) [析] 不定式、v-ing形式充当句子主语时,谓语动词用单数形式

例6. The number of the workers in this factory are about 5,000. (×)

The number of the workers in this factory is about 5,000. (√) [析] the number of表示“„„的数量”,谓语动词用单数形式;a number of 的意思是“若干”或“许多”,相当于some或a lot of,和复数名词连用,谓语动词用复数形式。

6 III. “词序”、“语序”类错误例析

词序、语序类错误指的是单词或句子在排列顺序上不正确,也表现为该用陈述语序的用了疑问句语序,或该用疑问句语序的用了陈述句语序等情况。

例1. Hello! I have important something to tell you. (×)

Hello! I have something important to tell you. (√) [析] 形容词或动词不定式修饰不定代词作定语时,修饰成分要置于不定代词之后。

例2. His son is enough old to go to school. (×)

His son is old enough to go to school. (√) [析] enough作形容词修饰名词时,可以放在名词前,也可放在名词后;作副词修饰形容词或副词时,只能放在形容词或副词之后。

例3. Here is your sweater, put away it.(×)

Here is your sweater, put it away. (√) [析] put away, pick up, put on等“动词+副词”构成的词组后接代词作宾语时,代词只能放在动词和副词之间。

例4. I don’t know where is he going.(×)

I don’t know where he is going. (√) [析] 在含宾语从句的复合句中,从句要用陈述句语序。

例5. Look! Here the bus comes.(×)

Look! Here comes the bus.(√)

[析] 在以here, there引起的陈述句中,若句子的主语是名词,要用倒装语序,即用“Here /There+动词+名词”结构;但主语若是代词时,则不用倒装语序, 即用“Here/There +代词+动词”结构。

例6. I do well in playing football, _______. (我妹妹也行。)

A. so my sister does(×)

B. so does my sister(√)

例7. --- Li Lei is really a football fan.

--- _______. (确实这样.)

A. So is he(×)

B. So he is(√)

[析]“so+be动词/助动词+主语”的倒装结构表示前面所述情况也适用于后者,意为“„也是这样”;“so+主语+be动词/助动词”的陈述结构表示对前述情况的肯定,意为“„确实如此”。

IV. “逻辑”类错误例析

逻辑类错误是指用英语表达某一思想时,犯了逻辑推理错误,导致句子语法成分不全,句意表达上前后矛盾等方面的失误。

例1. 重庆比中国的其他城市都大。

Chongqing is larger than any city in China. (×) Chongqing is larger than any other city in China. (√)

[析] “any city in China”包括了重庆这座城市, 同一事物自己与自己不能做比较,只有在city 前加上other才能表示重庆和中国的其它城市比较大小。

例2. 广州的天气比北京的天气更暖和。

The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than Beijing. (×) The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than that in Beijing . (√)

7 [析] 表示比较时,句子中的两个比较对象必须一致,不同比较对象不能做比较。错误句的比较对象分别为the weather in Guangzhou和Beijing,这两个不同类的事物间不能做比较。 V. “受汉语思维方式影响”类错误例析

受汉语影响类错误是指用英语表达某个意思时,受了汉语表达的影响而导致犯错。

例1. Mr Wu teaches our English. (×)

Mr Wu teaches us English. (√) [析] “teach sb. sth.”句式中的sb.和 sth.是teach的双宾语,因此teach后的人称代词要用宾格,而不能受汉语影响使用形容词性物主代词。

例2. His sister married with a teacher last summer.(×) His sister married a teacher last summer. (√) [析] 表达“A和B结婚”,要用A married/will marry B。这时务必要避免受汉语影响使用A married/will marry with B。

例3. There is going to have a film tonight. (×)

There is going to be a film tonight. (√) [析] 一般将来时用在 There be 句式中时,be going to或will之后的动词原形只能用be,也就是说要用There is (are) going to be.... / There will be....。

例4. I’ll go hiking if it won’t rain next Sunday. (×) I’ll go hiking if it doesn’t rain next Sunday.(√) [析] 习惯上在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词用了一般将来时,从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。

例5. Teacher told us yesterday that the earth went around the sun. (×)

Teacher told us yesterday that the earth goes around the sun. (√) [析] 习惯上在含有宾语从句的复合句中,主句的谓语动词用了一般过去时,从句的谓语动词要用过去的某种时态。但如果从句表述的是一客观事实或客观真理时,则不受主句时态的影响,而用一般现在时。

例6. All the balls are not round. 翻译成汉语:

所有的球都不是圆的。(×)

并不是所有的球都是圆的。(√)

[析] all, every, both等词和not连用时,not通常放在all, every, both的后面,一般情况下表示部分否定,意为“并非„„都„„”。

例7. Do you know the way of the park? (×)

Do you know the way to the park? (√) [析] 习惯上表示无生命名词的所有格常用“...of...”; 但表示“通往„„的路”要用“the way to...”, 而不能用“the way of...”。类似结构的词还有 the key to the lock (这把锁的钥匙), the answer to this question(这个问题的答案), the ticket to the concert (音乐会的票)等。

例8. --- He didn’t go to school yesterday, did he? --- _______, though he didn’t feel very well.

A. No, he didn’t (×) B. Yes, he did (√) 例9. --- Don’t you usually come to school by bike?

--- _______. But I sometimes walk. A. No, I don’t (×) B. Yes, I do (√) [析] 习惯上英语中的yes意为“是的”,no意为“不”,但在“前否后肯”的反意疑问句或否定疑问句中,yes意为“不”,no意为“是的”。(完) 8

第三篇:四年级下英语短语词组集锦(小编推荐)

四年级下学期词组

(M1): 1. wear these glasses 戴眼镜2. put …in …把…放到…里

3. wash hands洗手4. feed the ducks 喂鸭子

5.在草地上6.write 在书上写

7. 在工厂8. a bag 一袋薯片

9. play ball games 玩球类游戏10. sit down 坐下

(M2). 11. look at 看…12. be difficult to do…做…很困难

13. be good 对…有好处14. it’s time 到做…的时间了(M3) 15. once upon a time 从前16. look after照看,照管

17.the next day 第二天18. run to…跑向…

19. go into… 到…里去 20. break the door and run away破门而出

21. run up 向上跑22.run down 向下跑

(M4) 23. Chinesemusic 中国音乐24.在音乐会上

25. Chinese instrument 中国乐器26. look like 看起来像

27. last year去年28.the end 在结束的时候

29. play 弹钢琴、playerhu / pipa/ violin/ drums

30. far away 远方

(M5)31. other’s 母亲节32. have a party 开晚会

33. write a message …为…写祝词34. Father’s Day 父亲节 (M6)35. a great idea 一个好主意36. good 擅长…

37. draw a picture画画38. write the report 写报导

39. cut the paper 剪纸40. stick…together 把…粘到一起

41. class party 班级聚会42. next to…靠近…

43. fly a kite 放风筝44. look at… 看…

(M7) 45. near to…靠近…→46. far from 远离…

47. look like 看起来像48. at all 根本

(M8)49. live …50. one day 有一天

51. the capital ……的首都52. have a rest 休息一会

(M9)53. a map的地图54.jump the back legs 靠后退跳

55.back leg 后腿56. have a special bag

57. drink water喝水58.在动物园

59. live住在树上

(M10) 60.go back to…回到…61.English 说英语

62. every day 每天63. send…from…从…寄…

64. Big Ben 大本钟65. 在餐馆

66. have a good holiday 假期愉快

67. 在假期68. 在太空

69. go abroad 出国70.write a letter 写信

把下列名词变复数:

sheep → sheepwolf → wolvesleaf → leavesmouse → mice 写出下列词的完整形式:

can’tit’s gotI’ve got

I’lldon’tlet’s

用 “why” 来提问,要用_________来回答.

第四篇:人教2014八年级英语下Unit1词组短语句子

八年级下英语Unit1

一英汉互译

1 胃痛2 喉咙痛

3 躺下来休息4 加蜂蜜的热茶

5 量体温6在……上面敷药

7听起来像8以同样的方式

9看医生10沿着……走

11在马路边12大声呼救

13没有多想14有心脏病

15多亏了 ;由于16挽救生命

17 right away18 get out of

19 put a bandage on sth.20 have a nosebleed

21 cut his knee22 put her head back

23 run out (of)24 in a difficult situation 25 make a decision26 keep on doing sth. 27 你怎么了?

28 她昨天说话太多,并且没有喝足够的水。

29 也许你应该看牙医并照X光片。

30 你在周末做了什么?

31 你需要远离计算机休息。

32 我认为我以同一个姿势坐的太长时间没有移动。

33 你认为它是来自报纸还是一本书呢?

34 He excepted most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.

35 But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.

36 It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others because they don’t want any trouble.

37 作为一个登山者,阿伦习惯冒险。

38 There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.

39 Because he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that someone would find him.

40 他用刀把右臂砍断一半。

41 他爬下山寻求帮助。

42 His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.

第五篇:高考英语写作常用词组汇总

高考英语作文常用句型

1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy

2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard

3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology

4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges

5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that„

6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development

7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention

8.不可否认 It is undeniable that„/ There is no denying that„

9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate

10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue

11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument

12.一些人 „而另外一些人 „ Some people„ while others„

13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,

14.就„达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on„

15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons

16.双方的论点 argument on both sides

17.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in„

18.对„必不可少 be indispensable to „

19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:

20.„也不例外 „be no exception

21.对„产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on„

22.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。

23.导致,引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in

24.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon

25.责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement

26. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation

27. 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision

28.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills

29.经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden

30.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration

31. 从另一个角度 from another perspective

32.做出共同努力 make joint efforts

33. 对„有益 be beneficial / conducive to„

34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society

35.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for„

36.综合素质 comprehensive quality

37.无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach

39.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to„

40. 应当承认 Admittedly,

41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty

42. 满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of„

43.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information

44.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources

45.因特网 the Internet (一定要由冠词,字母I 大写)

46.方便快捷 convenient and efficient

47.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life

48.环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly

49.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress

50.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology

51.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue

52.支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in fovor of the former/ latteropinion

53.有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence

54.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way

55. 理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice

56. „必然趋势 an irresistible trend of„

57.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition

58.眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest

59.长远利益. interest in the long run

60.„有其自身的优缺点 „ has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages

61.扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones

62.取其精髓,取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs。

63.对„有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to

64.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information

65.跟上„的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …

66.采取有效措施来„ take effective measures to do sth

67.„的健康发展 the healthy development of „

68.有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides。

No garden without weeds。

69.对„观点因人而异 Views on „vary from person to person。

70.重视 attach great importance to„

71.社会地位 social status

72.把时间和精力放在„上 focus time and energy on„

73.扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge

74.身心两方面 both physically and mentally

75.有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to„

76. 提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal

77. 可以取代 “think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that

78.缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden

79.优先考虑/发展„. give (top) priority to sth。

80.与„比较 compared with„/ in comparison with.

81. 相反 in contrast / on the contrary。

82.代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of

83.经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water

84.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities

85. 社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress

86.毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that„

87.增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding

88.充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of

一.开头句型

1.As far as ...is concerned

2.It goes without saying that...

3.It can be said with certainty that...

4.As the proverb says,

5.It has to be noticed that...

6.It`s generally recognized that...

7.It`s likely that ...

8.It`s hardly that...

9.It’s hardly too much to say that...

10.What calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是

11.There’s no denying the fact that...毫无疑问,无可否认

12.Nothing is more important than the fact that...

13.what’s far more important is that...

二.衔接句型

A case in point is ...

As is often the case...

As stated in the previous paragraph如前段所述

But the problem is not so simple. Therefore然而问题并非如此简单,所以……But it’s a pity that...

For all that...In spite of the fact that...

Further, we hold opinion that...

? However , the difficulty lies in...

Similarly, we should pay attention to...

? not(that)...but(that)...不是,而是

In view of the present station.鉴于目前形势

? As has been mentioned above...

? In this respect, we may as well (say)从这个角度上我们可以说

? However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is...然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面,即

三.结尾句型

I will conclude by saying...

Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...

All things considered,总而言之

It may be safely said that...

Therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable...

From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that…. The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….

It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来……也许更好

四.举例句型

Let’s take...to illustrate this.试举例以兹证明

let’s take the above chart as an example to

illustrate this.

Here is one more example.

Take … for example.

The same is true of….

This offers a typical instance of….

We may quote a common example of….

Just think of….

五 常用于引言段的句型

1. Some people think that …. To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below.

2. For years, … has been seen as …, but things are quite different now.

3. I believe the title statement is valid because….

4. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that …. I believe….

5. My argument for this view goes as follows.

6. Along with the development of…, more and more….

7. There is a long-running debate as to whether….

8. It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….

9. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.

10. Before giving my opinion, I think it is essential to look at the argument of both sides.

六 表示比较和对比的常用句型

和表达法

1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from B.

2. A and B are different in some/every way / respect / aspect.

3. A and B differ in….

4. A differs from B in….

5. The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in….

6. Compared with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B….

7. A…, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B….

8. While it is generally believed that A …, I believe B….

9. Despite their similarities, A and B are also different.

10. Both A and B …. However, A…; on the other hand, B….

11. The most striking difference is that A…, while B….

七 演绎法常用的句型

1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.

2. There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.

3 高考英语作文常用句型

3. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.

4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.

5. The reasons are as follows.

八 因果推理法常用句型

1. Because/Since ......., .....t.

2. If we read the boo, we would learn a lot.

3...... as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this,.....

4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to......., .......

5. The cause of/reason for/overweight is...........

6. ......is caused by/due to/because of......

7. The effect/consequence/result of .......is.......

8.causes/results in/leads to

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