英语自考二级作文

2022-07-26

第一篇：英语自考二级作文

英语二级作文

Task 1

说明：以学生会的名义于 2002 年 6 月 10 日写一张演讲会的通知。

演讲人：著名教授 John Smith 先生时间：下周五晚上 7 点地点：报告厅主题：世界经济发展与中国加入 WTO 后中国轻工业的未来领票时间及地点：每晚 7 点至 9 点在 5 号楼 601 房间负责人：李明

Notice Lecture

on Global

Economic Development and the Future of Chinese Light Industry after China’s Entering WTO Speaker: Professor John Smith

Time: 7 P.M. next Friday

Place: Lecture Hall

Every night between 7 o’clock and 9 o’clock, you can get the ticket in Room 601, Building No.5. Li Ming is in charge of this.

Task 2 请代 ABC 公司人事部经理陈放写一封邀请信 — 邀请 Mr. Joe 参加 ABC 主席公司主席张翼的退休欢送会。请发挥想象，在信中简单介绍张翼的业绩。时间：10 月 20 号下午 2 点到 5 点地点：希尔顿酒店

Oct. 13th, 2002

Dear Mr. Joe,

On Oct. 20, we will host an evening of celebration in honor of the retirement of Mr. Zhang Yi, President of ABC Company. You are cordially invited to attend the celebration at Hilton Hotel, from 2 to 5 p.m. Mr. Zhang has been the President of ABC Company since 1995. During this period, ABC expanded its business from industry to estate. Now it’s our opportunity to thank him for his years of exemplary leadership and wish him well for a happy retirement. Please join us to say good-bye to Mr. Zhang. See you on 20th.

Yours sincerely,

Chen Fang Personnel Dep.

Task 3 重庆八达公司的杨新在 HOPE 杂志上看到一篇 Kevin& Son’s 公司招聘销售人员的广告，公司地址是：No.542 Overbook Road, Bloomfield Hills, MI 48002, 他想应聘这个职位。请代他写一封求职信。

Chongqing Bada Co. Chongqing 400000

April 7, 2005

Kevin& Son’s

No.542 Overbook Road Bloomfield Hills, MI 48002

Dear Sir,

The sales job which you describe in your advertisement in the HOPE is one for which I think I can show you some excellent qualifications. In the past five years, I’ve turned in an above average sale record since entering the sales field. While I’m quite happy in my present work, the description of your job sounds even more appealing. I would enjoy discussion my qualifications with you at your convenience. My telephone number is 023-68124137, and you can call me every day after 6 p.m.

Sincerely yours,

Yang Xin T

ask 4 请根据以下内容提示，代英语系办公室秘书在系公用邮箱里发一份电子邮件。发件人：英语系办公室收件人：英语系全体学生邮件主题：英语演讲比赛内容：定于 6 月 5 日，星期三下午两点举行第 5 届大学生英语比赛，有意者于每晚 6：00 至 8：00 到外语

系办公室报名。截止日期：2005 年 6 月 1 日。

To: All the students of English Department

From: English Department Office

Subject: 5th English Spoken Contest

The Fifth English Spoken Contest will be held on Wednesday afternoon, 5th, June. Anyone who would like to take part in should sign up at the Foreign Department Office between 6:00 and 8:00 any evening this week. This deadline for sign-up is June 1.

Task 5 请代王品向其公伙伴司的合作发出国庆的祝贺。内容如下：值此贵国国庆五十周年之际，请接受我们最真诚的祝贺。愿贵我公司之间的贸易联系持续发

展。

October 15, 2003

Dear Mr. Smith,

On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of your National Day, please accept our heartiest congratulations. May the trade connections between our companies continue to develop with each passing day!

Yours faithfully,

Wang Pin

Task 6 假定你叫刘敏，上周去成都出差时在一家商店买了一双皮鞋。回家后没几天皮鞋就退色，因此非常恼火。今天(五月二十三日)给该店写信投诉，并寄回皮鞋，要求换一双好的并尽快寄来。

Words for reference:

出差 be on business

皮鞋 leather shoes

退色 fade

May 23, 2005 To whom it may concern: I am writing this letter to complain of a pair of leather shoes which I bought in your shop last week when I was in Chengdu on business. Several days later, after I returned home, however, I found the color of the shoes faded. I felt very upset. Now I send you the pair of shoes with this letter and strongly wish that you should change a perfect pair and send them to me as soon as possible.Yours truly,

Liu Min Task 7

写信人：王伟写信时间：2005 年 6 月 10 日内容：

1. 毕业以后已几年不见，很是想念。

2. 邀请你的老朋友李华在暑假期间来自己的家乡玩。

3. 活动安排：去游览长城、故宫、颐和园、去野餐等

4. 请他回信告知能否来，以及来的日期、时间等以便去接他。

Words for reference:

长城： the Great Wall

故宫： the Imperial Palace

颐和园：the Summer Palace

June 10, 2005

Dear Li Hua, How time flies! We haven’t seen each other for several years since we graduated. I miss you very much. I would like to invite you to come to my hometown during your summer

vacation. We shall

go and visit the Great Wall, the Imperial Palace and the Summer Palace. If you like, we can go camping to the small woods. I think we will have a good time. Please write to tell me whether you can come or not and the exact date before

第二篇： PETS公共英语二级考试作文范文

(一)

[题目要求]

假定你是学生会工作人员，最近学生会决定成立英语俱乐部，要写一个通知，通知必须包括下列内容：

1、英语俱乐部的宗旨;

2、活动;

3、如何如会;

4、成立大会举行的时间和地点。

注意：词数80-120词，开头已经写好;请直接将书面表达写在答题卡背面。 Notice The student Union has recently agreed to set up:

[参考范文]

The student Union has recently agreed to set up an English Club. It aims to encourage students to learn English outside of class, to raise English ablities and to create a favourable English-learning atmosphere. During this term foreign experts will give lectures on English and American cultures once a week, and students can meet once a week at the English Corner. Besides, we will also have lectures given on the study of English. Anyone in the school is welcome to join the club by filling in the related from and providong one photo by the end of this month. Our first meeting will be held in the school gym at 5:00 p.m. Friday, 21 February, 2004. The Student Union 14 Februry, 2004

[题目要求]

假如你是一名导游，陪同外宾游览长城，下车前用英语告诉外宾：

1、长城的长度、历史、世界奇观之一;

2、讲话时间是八点半，在长城停留两个小时，十点半离开。游览车在入口处等，请记住车牌号，准时上车;

3、随身带好贵重物品，下车前br />

注意：字数100词左右。

[参考范文]

Ladies and gentlemen: Here we are at the foot of the Great Wall. It’s the longest wall in the world and has a history of over 2000 years. It’s one of the wonders of the world. we will spend two hours on the wall. It’s 8:30 now. We’ll leave at 10:30. The bus will be waiting for us at the entrance. Please remember our bus number and be back on time. Besides, please take your valuable things with you and shut all the windows before getting off. Have a good time! Thank you.

[题目要求]

一批外宾到你们学校参观，并决定参加你班的英语晚会，会上由你致词表示欢迎，并介绍

班级情况。为此，请你写一篇简短的发言稿。内容要点如下：表示欢迎;

介绍班级情况，如男女生人数，籍贯，年龄，兴趣等; 介绍你班学习科目及学习情况; 介绍晚会的主要节目; 祝愿的话。

注意：

1、致词必须包括所有内容要点，但不要逐条翻译;

2、词数100词左右

3、请直接将书面表达写在答题卡背面。 [参考范文]

Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our class and welcome to our evening party. First of all, let me say a few words about our class. There are 50 students in our class-26 of us are boys and 24 are girls. Most of us are from Beijing. We are mostly at the same age-about 17. Some go in for sports, and some are interested in reading,. We have 6 subjects in all, including English, Chinese and mathematics. All of us like to study English, and we usually spend a lot of time on it. In our program tonight, there will be a short play, group singing and so on. I hope you will enjoy them and haove a good time. Thank you.

[题目要求] 某外资企业想要招聘几名英文秘书，外方经理想了解应聘者的情况，请你用英文写一篇自我介绍，词数在100左右。姓名：李一加

出生：1978.8.28，广州

简历：1999年毕业北京师范大学英语系;在某中学里教了2年英语;后来在外文书店里当了2年店员。

特长：汉语交好，英语也不错，1996年曾获北京英语竞赛第二名，平时利用业余时间自学英语，现在能与外宾交谈。自信能胜任此项工作，并决心把工作搞好。

[参考范文]

My name is Li Yijia. I was born on August 28, 1978, in Guangzhou. In 1999 I graduated from English Department of Beijing Normal University. First, I taughe in a middle school for two years, then I worked as a salesman in the Forgein Language Bookstore for two years.I am not only good at Chinese but good English. I am greatly interested in English. In 1996 I won the second place in the English competitions in Beijing. I have continued learning English in my spare time. Now I am glad that I can talk with foreigners freely. I am sure I am fit for the work and determined to do my job well. [题目要求]

你们学校学生会(the Student Union)将为来访的澳大利亚朋友举办一个晚会，请你根据下述内容要点拟一个100词左右的英语广播通知，欢迎同学参加：目的：欢迎来访的澳大利亚朋友。时间：10月12日(周五)晚七点。地点：图书馆第二阅览室

内容：文娱节目，包括游戏、跳舞等

[参考范文]

May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make. The Student Union is going to hold a party on Friday evening, October 10, to welcome our friends from Australia. The party will be held in the 2nd Reading

Room in the library. It’ll begin at 7:00pm. At the party we’ll have music, dancing, singing and games. Australian friends will perform some nice programs in the party. Everyone is welcome. Please come in time.

[题目要求]

请根据下列图画编一个小故事，描述图中所发生的事情，字数在100词左右：

1、某天两个小学生在放学回家的路上; 2. 其他情节根据图画所示自编;

3. 要求：故事必须包括所有4幅图画的内容，人名必须用Xiao lan and Xiao Ming、其他细节如时间、地点等可以自己酌情增加，但文章前后应一致，符合逻辑，内容连贯，语言通顺。 [参考范文]

One day, Xiao Lan and Xiao Ming went back home together. They were laughting and talking after a whole day in the school.Suddenly, xiao Ming saw a bird in a tree. No sooner had Xiao lan stopped him than Xiao Ming picked up a stone and threw it at the bird, The bird was badly hurt and fell off the tree. Xiao Lan flet so sorry that tears rolled down her cheeks and said, "I won’t be your good friend any more if you hurt a bird again." Just then an old man came uo to them and told Xiao Ming not to kill birds again. The old man then went on saying,"Your young Pioneers should Protect animals and the enviroment. Birds are friends of mankind." Xiao Ming felt ashamed and nodded his head. He said to the old man that he would never forget what he had told him.

第三篇：自考商务英语翻译

广东外语外贸大学公开学院辅导资料

商务英语翻译课程试卷 (课程代码：05355)

考生注意：1. 答案必须写在答卷上，写在问卷上无效。

2. 考试时间150分钟。

I. Multiple Choices (20 points, 2 points for each) 第一套试卷

1. In addition to visible trade, which involves the importing and exporting of tangible goods, there is also invisible trade, which involves the exchange of services between nations. A. 除了这种进出口商品的可视贸易以外，还有一种国与国之间进行交换服务的无形贸易。

B. 除了这种进出口商品的有形贸易以外，还有一种国与国之间进行交换服务的看不见贸易。

C. 除了这种进出口商品的看得见贸易以外，还有一种国与国之间进行交换服务的难捉摸贸易。

D. 除了这种进出口商品的有形贸易以外，还有一种国与国之间进行交换服务的无形贸易。

2. But our products have never been all that dominant on the American market, a result which goes against our expectation. A. 但是我们的产品从未在美国市场占据那样的主导地位，这样的结果和我们的预计相反。

B. 但是，我们的产品从未在美国市场垄断过，这样的结果和我们的预计相反。

C. 但是，我方的产品从未在美国市场上占据着主导地位，这样的结果同我方的预计刚好相反。

D. 但是，我方的产品从未像那样在美国市场上占据着主导地位，这一结果同我方的预计刚好相反。

3. The financial information provided by an accounting system is needed by managerial decision makers to help them plan and control the activities of the economic entity.

A. 会计系统提供的金融信息对于帮助管理层决策人员制定计划和控制该经济实体的活动而言是不可或缺的。

B. 金融信息是由会计系统提供，它对于管理决策者是必须的，能制订计划和提供经济活动。

C. 会计系统提供的金融信息对于帮助管理决策者计划和控制经济部门非常重要。 D. 金融信息由会计师提供，对于管理部门制定计划和控制经济部门非常重要。

4. As each currency‟s value is stated in terms of other currencies, French francs, then, have a value in US dollars, which have a value in British pounds, which have a value in Japanese yen.

A. 由于每一种货币的价值是用另外的货币说明出来的，那么法国法郎的价值可以用美元来体现，美元可以用英镑来体现，英镑可以用日元来体现。

B. 由于每一种货币的价值是用另外的货币表现出来的，那么法国法郎的价值可以用美元来体现，美元可以用英镑来体现，英镑可以用日元来体现。

C. 由于每一种货币的价值是用另外的货币表达出来的，那么法国法郎的价值可以用美元来表达，美元可以用英镑来表达，英镑可以用日元来表达。 D. 由于每一种货币的价钱是用另外的货币表现出来的，那么法国法郎的价值可以用美元来体现，美元可以用英镑来体现，英镑可以用日元来体现。

5. Our prices already make full allowance for large orders and, as I am sure you know, we operate in a highly competitive market in which we have been forced to cut our prices to the minimum. A. 我们的价格已经是大量批发的价格。另外，你也知道，我们所处的行业竞争十分激烈，逼得我们将价格压制最低。

B. 我方报价已考虑到大批量订货的因素。相信贵公司了解我们是在一个竞争十分激烈的市场上经营销售业务，因而已经不得不把利润减到最低限度。

C. 我方报价已充分考虑到大订单的因素。相信贵方一定清楚，我方是在竞争十分激烈的市场上经营业务，我方已被迫将价格降至最低。

D. 我方报价已充分考虑到大宗订货的因素。相信贵方一定清楚，我方是在竞争十分激烈的市场上经营业务，迫于市场压力，我方已将价格降至最低。

6.Business is a combination of all these activities: production, distribution and sale, through which profit or economic surplus will be created. A. 商务是指生产，配送，销售等一切活动的组合，通过这些活动，创造利润和经济增值。

B. 商务是指生产，配送，销售等一切活动的组合，通过这些活动，创造利润和经济满足。

C. 商务是指生产，配送，销售等一切活动的组合，通过这些活动，创造利润和经济盈余。

D. 商务是指生产，配送，销售等一切活动的组合，通过这些活动，创造利润和经济超额。

7.And it allows me the variety of work that working at a large multi-billion bank does not have to offer as you will be working in narrow job description handling one type of lending. A. 这使我拥有多份工作，而这在拥有亿万资产的大银行里是不大可能的，因为在那种大银行里，你的工作范围很窄，只处理一种贷款。

B. 在拥有亿万资金的大银行里使我的工作变化多样，因为在那种大银行里，你的工作范围只处理一种贷款。

C. 这使我的工作变化多样，而这在拥有亿万资金的大银行里是不大可能的，因为在那种大银行里，你的工作范围很单一，只处理一种贷款。

D. 这使我的工作变化多样，而这在拥有亿万资金的大银行里是不大可能的，因为在那种大银行里，你的工作范围很窄，只处理一种贷款。

8.This appliance is not intended for use by persons (including children) with reduced physical, sensory or mental capabilities, or lack of experience and knowledge, unless they have been given supervision or instruction concerning use of the appliance by a person responsible for their safety. A. 为了安全起见，身体、精神上有问题的人或缺少相应的指示经验的人不能使用本产品，除非在别人的监督指导下使用。

B. 为了安全起见，除非在别人的监督指导下使用，否则身体、精神上有问题的人或缺少相应的指示经验的人不能使用本产品。

C. 本品不适合体力渐衰者、知觉衰退者、神经衰弱者或缺乏相关知识和经验者(包括)儿童)使用，除非他们有安全责任人监督或指导方可使用本品。

D. 本产品不适合肌体不健全、感觉或精神上有障碍或缺乏相关经验和知识的人(包括儿童)使用。他们需要有负责其安全的人员在旁监督或指导产品的使用方法，方可使用。

9. The Great Depression gave rise to the fear that such catastrophes would recur or even that the American economy would live in a state of permanent depression unless radical changes were made in the economic system.

A. 二十世纪三十年代的经济大倒退曾使人们害怕这种灾难会重演，甚至使人们担心美国经济会陷入永久性萧条状态，除非对其经济制度进行大幅度改革。 B. 二十世纪三十年代的经济大萧条曾使人们害怕这种灾难会重演，甚至使人们担心美国经济会陷入永久性萧条状态，除非对其经济制度进行大幅度改革。

C. 二十世纪三十年代的经济危机曾使人们害怕这种灾难会重演，甚至使人们担心美国经济会陷入永久性萧条状态，除非对其经济制度进行大幅度改革。 D. 二十世纪三十年代的经济大萧条曾使人们害怕这种灾难会重演，甚至使人们担心，除非对其经济制度进行大幅度改革，否则美国经济会陷入永久性萧条状态。

10.Pursuant to the Buyer‟s Purchase Order, the Seller agrees to supply the Buyer with the goods, and the names, types, serial numbers, quantity and unit price of the goods as stipulated in the annex to this contract. The annex shall form an integral part of the contract. A. 根据买方购货单，卖方同意按合同附件所列货物的名称、型号、数量、单价的规定，向买方予以提供。该附件是本合同不可分割的组成部分。

B. 根据买方购货单，卖方同意按合同附件所列货物的名称、型号、序列号、数量、单价，向买方供货。该附件是本合同的组成部分。 C. 根据《买方购货单》，卖方同意按合同附件所列货物的名称、型号、序列号、数量、单价的规定，向买方予以提供。该附件是本合同不可分割的组成部分。 D. 根据《买方订购单》，卖方同意向买方提供本合同附件中所订货物的名称、型号、序列号、数量以及单价。该附件是本合同的组成部分。

第二套试卷

1. Owing to the heavy commitments of our manufacturers, we regret to say that we are not in a position to meet your requirements for the time being in this respect. A. 由于我方厂商不堪负重地承约，我方很遗憾地告知：眼下在这方面无法满足你方要求。

B. 由于我方厂商不堪负重，我方很遗憾地告知：眼下在这方面无法满足你方要求。 C. 由于我方厂商大量承约，我方很遗憾地告知：眼下在这方面无法满足你方要求。 D. 由于我方厂商沉重的责任，我方很遗憾地告知：眼下在这方面无法满足你方要求。 2. No wonder the multinational corporations have been growing fantastically and now dominate many sections of the international market. A. 难怪跨国公司一直以惊人的速度发展并且控制着国际市场的许多领域。 B. 难怪跨国公司一直以较快的速度发展并且控制着国际市场的许多领域。 C. 难怪跨国公司一直以飞快的速度发展并且控制着国际市场的许多领域。 D. 难怪跨国公司一直以疯狂的速度发展并且控制着国际市场的许多领域。

3. Multinational corporations have become so dominant in some foreign markets that they are now the object of political and economic scrutiny.

A. 由于跨国公司已占据了一些外国市场，他们已成为政治、经济关注的目标。 B. 由于跨国公司已控制了一些外国市场，他们已成为政治、经济关注的目标。 C. 由于跨国公司已垄断了一些外国市场，他们已成为政治、经济关注的目标。 D. 由于跨国公司已制服了一些外国市场，他们已成为政治、经济关注的目标。 4. If you admit that your company is in error or is willing to take responsibility for the claim, you should write a letter to the customer, expressing apologies and indicating what steps the company is taking to set the matter right. A. 如果你的公司确实有误，而且愿意承担责任，应该在信中承认这一点并向对方表示歉意，同时说明你将采取什么行动。

B. 如果你公司承认自己有误，或者愿意承担索赔责任，应该给客户写信承认这一点并向对方表示歉意，同时注明将采取什么举措来解决。

C. 如果贵公司确实有误，或者愿意承担索赔责任，应该写信给客户，向对方表示歉意，同时说明你将采取什么行动。

D. 如果贵公司承认自己失误，或者对索赔愿意承担责任，那么，贵公司就应该向客户写一封信，表达歉意并说明公司将采取什么措施来最终解决问题。

5.Unemployment in America (as of mid-1990) was running near 5.25 percent .That is somewhat higher than used to be considered full employment, but it is not a serious figure in the aggregate.

A. 失业在美国达5.25%，比以前认为的高一些，但问题不严重，虽没有充分就业。 B. 1990年年中美国的失业率近5.25%，按以往的标准，这个比例偏高，没有达到充分就业，但就整体来说问题并不严重。

C. 失业率在美国达5.25%，虽然比充分就业比率高，但整体不严重。

D. 1990年年中美国失业高达5.25%，比过去计划的比例高，没有达到充分就业，但这并不严重。

6. Nations will usually produce and export those goods in which they have the greatest comparative advantage, and import those items in which they have the least comparative advantage.

A. 国家将通常生产和出口那些他们最有竞争力的产品，进口那些最无竞争力的产品。 B. 国家通常生产出口最有竞争力产品，进口最无力竞争产品。

C. 各国通常都生产和出口那些他们最具有比较优势的产品，而进口那些他们最不具备比较优势的产品。

D. 各国将总是生产和出口那些最有竞争力产品，而往往进口最无力竞争产品。

7.Since the initiation of economic reforms in the late 1970s, China has achieved impressive economic growth coupled with significant structural transformation. A. 自从20世纪70年代末中国的经济改革以来，获得了很大的经济增长，并转变了经济结构。

B. 20世纪70年代中国首创经济体制改革，取得了巨大经济增长和结构调整。

C. 中国自从20世纪70年代末开始经济改革以来，经济增长显而易见，结构调整也日新月异。

D. 中国自从20世纪70年代末开始经济改革以来，已取得了令人瞩目的经济增长和重大的结构转变。

8.Most notably, China has avoided the large output declines and severe macroeconomic instability that have tended to characterize the transition experiences in central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. A. 最值得注意的是，中国避免了生产大滑坡和宏观经济的严重不稳定性，生产的大滑坡曾经是中、东欧以及前苏联经济过渡时期的特点。

B. 最值得注意的是，中国避免了生产大滑坡和宏观经济的严重不稳定性，而宏观经济的严重不稳定性曾经是中、东欧以及前苏联经济过渡时期的特点。

C. 最值得一提的是，中国避免了生产大滑坡和宏观经济的严重不稳定性，生产的大滑坡和宏观经济的严重不稳定性曾经是中、东欧以及前苏联经济过渡时期的特点。 D. 最值得注意的是，中国避免了生产大滑坡和宏观经济的严重不稳定性，生产的大滑坡和宏观经济的严重不稳定性曾经是中、东欧以及前苏联经济过渡时期的特点。

9. Multinational bank‟s services include issuing letter of credit, buying and selling foreign exchange, issuing banker‟s acceptances, accepting Eurocurrency deposits, making Eurocurrency loans, and assisting in the marketing of Eurobonds.

A. 跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、买卖外汇、开证行承兑、接受欧洲货币储存、提供欧洲货币贷款以及发行推销欧洲货币债券。

B. 跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、买卖外汇、开立银行承兑、接受欧洲货币储存、提供欧洲货币贷款以及发行欧洲货币债券。

C. 跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、买卖外币、开立银行承兑、接受欧洲各国存款、提供贷款及援助债券。

D. 跨国银行提供的服务如下：开立信用证、买卖外币、开立银行承兑、接受欧洲货币存储、提供欧洲货币贷款以及发行推销欧洲货币债券。

10.Whoever you are, whatever you do, wherever you may be, when you think of refreshment, think of ice-cold Coca-Cola. A. 无论你是谁，无论你做什么，无论你在哪里，当你想要神清气爽，请喝冰镇的可口可乐。

B. 无论你是谁，无论你做什么，无论你在哪里，想醒脑提神，别忘了冰镇可口可乐。 C. 无论何人，无论何事，无论何地，要提神醒脑，请喝冰镇可口可乐。 D. 无论谁在哪里做了什么事，想要提神醒脑，请喝冰镇可口可乐。第三套试卷

1. All the banking charges incurred in Licensee‟s Bank shall be borne by Licensee while those incurred outside Licensee‟s Bank shall be borne by Licensor. A. 所有在许可方银行发生的费用均由其承担，所由在许可方银行外发生的银行费用由许可方承担。

B. 所有在被许可方银行发生的费用均由被许可方承担，所有在被许可方银行外发生的银行费用由许可方承担。

C. 所有在许可方银行发生的费用均由被许可方承担，所有在被许可方银行外发生的银行费用由被许可方承担。

D. 所有在被许可方银行发生的费用均由被许可方承担，所有在许可方银行外发生的银行费用由被许可方承担。

2. Shipping details, including whether transshipments are allowed. Also recorded should be the latest date for shipment and the names of the ports of shipment and discharge. A. 装船细节: 包括是否允许转运以及装船的最后日期和装船、卸货的港口名称。 B. 装船细节: 包括是否转运以及装船的最后日期和装船、卸货的港口名称。 C. 装船细节: 包括是否允许转运以及装船的最后日期和装船、卸货方案。

D. 装船细节: 包括是否允许分船以及装船的最后日期和装船、卸货的港口名称。 3. The L/C value may include port congestion surcharges, but they must be shown separately on the invoice, and the documentary evidence must be issued by the shipping company. A. 本信用证总金额含港口拥挤附加费，但该笔费用须在发票上单独注明，且书面证明须由运输公司出具。

B. 本信用证总金额包括港口拥挤附加费，但必须在发票上单独注明，书面凭证必须由运输公司出具。

C. 本信用证总金额含港口拥挤费，但该笔费用须在发票上单独注明，且书面证明须由运输公司出具。

D. 本信用证总金额含港口拥挤附加费，须在发票上单独注明，书面证明由运输公司出具。

4. Advertisers must realize that people usually are motivated by the goal of satisfying some combination of two or more needs, and the needs may be both conscious and unconscious. A. 广告人必须明白，通常能够满足两个或者更多需要的综合目标才能促使人们购买，而且这些需要既可能是有意识的，又可能是无意识的。

B. 广告人必须明白，通常能够满足两个或者更多需要的结合体才能促使人们购买，而且这些需要既可能是有意识的，又可能是无意识的。

C. 广告人必须明白，通常能够满足两个或者更多需要的联合才能促使人们购买，而且这些需要既可能是有意识的，又可能是无意识的。 D. 广告人必须明白，通常能够满足两个或者更多需要的共同目标才能促使人们购买，而且这些需要既可能是有意识的，又可能是无意识的。

5. A foreign business representative, neither overly sympathetic toward China nor overly disposed against it, would need to convinced on a number of scores before he could responsibly commit his firm to taking an equity position in a Chinese enterprise. A. 一个对中国既无过度好感又无过度恶感的企业代表,在代表公司在华投资,与一定中国企业形成平等股权关系之前,必须考虑许多因素。

B. 一个对中国既无同情感又无过度丑感的企业代表, 在代表公司在华投资, 与一定中国企业形成平等股权关系之前, 必须考虑许多因素。

C. 一个对中国既无过度感情又无过度感觉的企业代表, 在代表公司在华投资, 与一定中国企业形成平等股权关系之前, 必须考虑许多因素。

D. 一个对中国既无过度谅解又无过度反对的企业代表, 在代表公司在华投资, 与一定中国企业形成平等股权关系之前, 必须考虑许多因素。

6. Differences in language understanding between negotiating opposites raise some peril in every international business transaction because each negotiating party prefers quite naturally to use the language whose nuances he knows best.

A. 谈判双方在语言理解上的分歧会严重影响每一笔国际贸易的成交，因为参加洽谈的任何一方自然都愿意使用自己喜欢的语言。

B. 谈判双方在语言理解上的分歧会严重影响每一笔国际贸易的成交，因为参加洽谈的任何一方自然都愿意使用自己感兴趣的语言。

C. 谈判双方在语言理解上的分歧会严重影响每一笔国际贸易的成交，因为参加洽谈的任何一方自然都愿意使用自己了如指掌的语言。

D. 谈判双方在语言理解上的分歧会严重影响每一笔国际贸易的成交，因为参加洽谈的任何一方自然都愿意使用自己有意识的语言。

7. Because some hand gestures and body movements are acceptable in one culture yet deeply offensive in another culture, they are rarely an appropriate communications aid in international negotiations. A. 由于有些手势与形体动作在一种文化习俗中可以接受，而在另一种文化背景中却让人反感，因此这些手势与动作在国际谈判中就不适合作为思想交流的主导手段。

B. 由于有些手势与形体动作在一种文化习俗中可以接受，而在另一种文化背景中却让人反感，因此这些手势与动作在国际谈判中就不适合作为思想交流的辅助手段。

C. 由于有些手势与形体动作在一种文化习俗中可以接受，而在另一种文化背景中却让人反感，因此这些手势与动作在国际谈判中就不适合作为思想交流的另一种手段。

D. 由于有些手势与形体动作在一种文化习俗中可以接受，而在另一种文化背景中却让人反感，因此这些手势与动作在国际谈判中就不适合作为思想交流的重要手段。

8. Exports and imports of goods between nations with different units of money introduce a new economic factor, the foreign exchange rate, which gives the price of the foreigners unit of money in terms of one‟s own.

A. 在使用不同货币单位的国家之间对商品进行进口和出口会引出一个新的经济因素，这就是外汇比率。外汇比率是指以自己国家货币的形式标出外国货币的价格。 B. 在使用不同货币单位的国家之间对商品进行进口和出口会介绍一个新的经济因素，这就是外汇比率。外汇比率是指以自己国家货币的形式标出外国货币的价格。 C. 在使用不同货币单位的国家之间对商品进行进出口会引出一个新的经济因素，这就是外汇比率。外汇比率是指以自己国家货币的价格来标记外国货币的价格。 D. 在使用不同货币单位的国家之间对商品进行进口和出口会引出一个新的经济因素，这就是外汇比率。外汇比率是指以自己国家货币的形式出卖外国货币的价格。

9. These days, the U.S. economy isn‟t „graduating enough scientists to fill the need of the coming decades,‟ frets Charles C. Leighton, „That‟s a real concern‟.

A. 近来，美国经济“未毕业出足够的科学家来满足今后几十年发展的需要，”查尔斯C. 顿抱怨说，“这才是真正需要关注的问题。”

B. 查尔斯C. 顿抱怨说，近来美国经济“未培养出足够的科学家来满足今后几十年发展的需要，这才是真正需要关注的问题。”

C. 近来，美国经济“未使足够的科学家毕业来满足今后几十年发展的需要，”查尔斯C. 顿抱怨说，“这才是真正需要关注的问题。”

D. 近来，美国经济“未培养出足够的科学家来填补今后几十年发展的需要，”查尔斯C. 顿抱怨说，“这才是真正需要关注的问题。”

10. Marketing involves product development, pricing, distribution, and communication; and in the more progressive firms, continuous attention to the changing needs of customers and the development of new products, with product modifications and services to meet these needs. A. 营销包括产品开发，定价，推销和产品信息交流;在那些观念较新的企业里，营销还包括关注客户需求的不断变化，不断开发新产品，并且不断改进产品，改进服务，以满足客户的需求。

B. 营销包括产品开发，定价，推销和产品信息交流;在那些观念发展的企业里，营销还包括关注客户需求的不断变化，不断开发新产品，并且不断改进产品，改进服务，以满足客户的需求。

C. 营销包括产品开发，定价，推销和产品信息交流;在那些观念上进的企业里，营销还包括关注客户需求的不断变化，不断开发新产品，并且不断改进产品，改进服务，以满足客户的需求。

D. 营销包括产品开发，定价，推销和产品信息交流;在那些观念较新的企业里，营销还包括关注客户需求的不断变化，不断发展新产品，并且不断改进产品，改进服务，以满足客户的需求。

第四套试卷

1. This Convention does not prevail over any international agreement which has already been or may be entered into and which contains provisions concerning the matters governed by this Convention. A. 本公约并不优先于业已缔结或可能缔结并载有与本公约范围内事项有关的条款的任何国际协定。

B. 本公约并不优先于业已缔结或可能缔结并载有与本公约有关条款的任何国际协定。

C. 本公约并不优先于业已缔结或可能缔结并载有与属于本公约事项有关条款的任何国际协定。 D. 本公约并不优先于业已缔结或可能缔结的与本公约有关条款的任何国际协定。 2. The duplicate shipping documents including bill of lading, invoice, packing list and inspection were airmailed to you today. A. 包括提单，发票，包装单和检验证书在内的装运单证副本今日航邮贵处。 B. 包括提单，发票，装箱单和检验证书在内的装运单证各一份今日航邮贵处。 C. 包括提单，发票，装箱单和检验证书在内的装运单证副本今日航邮贵处。 D. 包括提单，发票，装箱单和检查证明在内的装运单证副本今日航邮你处。

3. Please be informed that, on account of the fluctuations of foreign exchanges the quotation is subject to change without previous notice. A. 兹告知贵方，由于外汇的波动，报价随时可能改变，不另行通知。 B. 兹告知贵方，由于外币的波动，报价随时可能改变，不另行通知。 C. 兹告知贵方，外汇的波动，报价随时可能改变，不另行通知。

D. 兹告知贵方，由于外汇的波动，报价随时可能改变，不通知贵方。

4. International business as a field of management training deals the special features of business activities that cross national boundaries. A. 作为管理训练一个领域的国际商务处理跨国家边界商务活动的专门特征。 B. 作为管理训练一个领域的国际商务具有跨国家边界商务活动的专门特征。 C. 作为管理训练一个领域的国际商务对付跨国家边界商务活动的专门特征。 D. 作为管理训练一个领域的国际商务涉及跨国家边界商务活动的专门特征。

5. I have pleasure in apprising you that, under the auspices of several highly respected and influential houses here, I have commenced business as Shipping and Assurance Broker and General Agent. A. 我十分高兴地令您惊奇，在当地几家有名望，有影响力公司的支持下，我开设了轮船与保险的经纪业以及总代理店。

B. 我十分高兴地通知您，在当地几家有名望，有影响力公司的支持下，我开设了轮船与保险的经纪业以及总代理店。

C. 我十分高兴地通知您，在当地几家受人尊敬，有影响力公司的支持下，我开设了轮船与保险的经纪业以及总代理店。

D. 我十分高兴地通知您，在当地几家有名望，有影响力公寓的支持下，我开设了轮船与保险的经纪业以及总代理店。

6. Should for certain reasons the Buyers not be able to inform the Seller of the foregoing details 10 days prior to the arrival of the vessel at the port of loading or should the carrying vessel be advanced or delayed, the Buyer or their chartering agent shall advise the Sellers immediately and make necessary arrangement. A. 由于某种原因，买方不能于装运轮抵达装运港十天前，将有关详情通知卖方或装运轮提前或推迟到达，买方或其运输代理人须立刻通知卖方做出必要的安排。 B. 由于某种原因买方不能于装运轮到达装运港10天前将上面具体内容通知卖方获装运轮提前或推迟到达，买方或其运输代理人需立刻通知卖方并做出必要的安排。

C. 若买方由于某种原因不能于装运轮到达装运港10天前将上述详细情况通知卖方，或装运轮提前或推迟到达，买方或其运输代理人须立刻通知卖方并做出必要的安排。

D. 若买方由于某种原因不能于装运轮到达装运港10天前将有关内容通知卖方，或装运轮提前或推迟到达，买方或其运输代理人需马上通知卖方并做出必要的安排。

7. A firm‟s involvement in exporting products can range from a minimal commitment all the way to considering exports as necessary for the firm‟s survival and growth... A. 公司在产品中融入程度不一，从最低程度的参与到将出口视为公司生存和发展必要条件的参与都会存在。

B. 公司在产品中参加程度不一，从最低程度的参与到将出口视为公司生存和发展必要条件的参与都会存在。

C. 公司在产品中卷入程度不一，从最低程度的参与到将出口视为公司生存和发展必要条件的参与都会存在。

D. 公司在产品中参与情况程度不一，从最低程度的参与到将出口视为公司生存和发展必要条件的参与都会存在。

8. Often an individual must supply personal accounting information in order to buy a car or home, to qualify for a college scholarship, to secure a credit card, or to obtain a bank loan. Large corporations are accountable to their stockholders, to governmental agencies, and to the public. A. 一般来说，个人为了买车、房和奖学金，信用卡或从银行贷款，都必须出具证明，大公司必须出具财物证明给政府代表和大众。

B. 通常，个人为了买车，买房，为了获得大学奖学金，申请信用卡或从银行贷款，都必须出具本人的财务资料，大公司有责任向其股东，政府机构和广大公众说明公司的财务状况。

C. 通常, 个人为房为车会向银行贷款，并提供财务资财，而公司出具财产说明给股东和政府机关。

D. 通常，个人为了买车，买房，为了获得大学奖学金，申请信用卡或从银行贷款，都必须出具本人的财务资料，大公司有责任向股东,政府代表和广大公众说明公司的财务状况。

9. The underwriter realizes this and certainly does not set out to make life difficult for his agency colleagues. However, he has a job to do .Part of that job is to ensure that people who attempt to buy policies because they expect to „die‟ soon do not succeed in fooling him and his company. A. 核保人认识到这一点，当然不会给他的代理同事出难题，但是他又有工作要做，其中部分工作是，确保那些因预期很快死亡而想方设法去购买保单的人其欺骗自己和公司的企图不能得逞。

B. 写字人认识到这一点, 当然不会给他的代理同事出难题, 但是他又有工作要做, 其中部分工作是, 确保那些因预期很快„死亡‟而想方设法去购买保单的人其欺骗自己和公司的企图不能得逞。

C. 核保人认识到这一点, 当然不会给他的代理同事出难题, 但是他又有工作要做, 其中部分工作是, 确保那些因预期很快死亡而想方设法去购买保单的人其欺骗自己和公司的企图不得成功。

D. 核保人认识到这一点, 当然不会给他的代理同事出难题, 但是他又有工作要做, 其中部分工作是, 确保那些因预期很快消沉而想方设法去购买保单的人其欺骗自己和公司的企图不能得逞。

10. Floating policy is of great importance for export trade; it is, in fact, a convenient method of insuring goods where a number of similar export transactions are intended, e.g. where the insured has to supply an overseas importer, under an exclusive sales agreement or maintains sales representatives or subsidiary companies abroad. A. 统保单对出口贸易至关重要。它实际上是货物保险中的一种便利的方法，特别适合于分不同的时间出口的一批类似货物，如当被保险方根据独家代理协议书向国外的进口方供货,或在国外委任了销售代表，设立分支机构时用之。 B. 流动性对出口贸易至关重要。它实际上是货物保险中的一种便利的方法，特别适合于分不同的时间出口的一批类似货物，如当被保险方根据独家代理协议书向国外的进口方供货，或在国外委任了销售代表，设立分支机构时用之。 C. 流动基金对出口贸易至关重要，它实际上是货物保险中的一种便利的方法，特别适合于分不同的时间出口的一批类似货物, 如, 当被保险方根据独家代理协议书向国外的进口方供货, 或在国外委任了销售代表, 设立分支机构时用之。 D. 流动政策对出口贸易至关重要。它实际上是货物保险中的一种便利的方法，特别适合于分不同的时间出口的一批类似货物, 如, 当被保险方根据独家代理协议书向国外的进口方供货, 或在国外委任了销售代表, 设立分支机构时用之。

第五套试卷

1. Speculation that some major banks may find themselves with capital shortfalls and then nationalized is driving investors to dump the banks‟ shares. A. 一些大的银行可能会产生资金短缺，而后又有被国有化并进行投机，这使得投资者大量抛售银行股票。

B. 一些大的银行可能会产生资金短缺，而后又有被国有化的担心，这迫使投资者大量抛售银行股票。

C. 一些主要银行可能会出现资金短缺，而后被国有化，这使得投资者大量抛售银行股票。

D. 由于担心一些大银行可能会因为资金短缺而被国有化，投资者大量抛售银行股票。 2. It is not surprising, then, that the world saw a return to a floating exchange rate system. Central banks were no longer required to support their own currencies. A. 在这种情况下，世界各国又恢复浮动汇率就不足为奇了。各国中央银行也就无须维持本币的汇价了。 B. 不足为奇，全世界看到了汇率的回归，因此各国中央银行无需维持本币的汇价了。 C. 此时此刻，世界各国又恢复了移动的交换比率，因此各国中央银行无需维持本币汇价。

D. 在这种情况下，全世界又恢复了浮动交换率，这已不足为奇了，因此各国中央银行也就无需维持本币价格了。

3. The packing method is normally chosen by the seller, but the packing shall be strong enough to withstand the hazards of ocean transportation. A. 包装方法按惯例是卖方选择的，不过包装务必坚固，以应付海运时的危险。 B. 至于包装方法，买方通常不做选择，但包装必须牢固，经受得起海运过程中的各种危险。

C. 按惯例，包装是由卖方来选择，但是包装必须牢固，经受得住海运过程中的种种风险。

D. 关于包装方法，按惯例是卖方选择的，不过包装必须坚固得以应付海运时的危险。 4. This contract is made by and between the buyers and the sellers, whereby the buyers agree to buy and the sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below. A. 本合同是在买方和卖方之间订立的，买方愿意买，卖方愿意卖，他们同意订立以下规定的条款。

B. 这个合同是被买方和买方即它们之间订立的，买卖双方同意照下列条款订立合同内容。

C. 本合同由买卖双方共同订立，并按照下列条款设定内容及买卖商品。

D. 本合同由买卖双方订立，因此买卖双方同意按照下面规定的条款购买以下商品。 5. Assuming the laboratory tests go well, and you can quote us a competitive price, we would certainly be able to place more substantial orders on a regular basis. A. 假定实验室检验顺利，并且你的报价有竞争力，我们会大量向贵公司订货的。 B. 若实验室检验合格，且你们给我们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会定期大量订货的。 C. 若实验室检验良好，且你们给出的报价具有竞争性，我们一定会定期定量订货的。 D. 假定实验室发展良好，且你们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会大量定期订货的。 6. Although efforts to rein in the money supply resumed in October, investment grew rapidly as local governments, heedless of central efforts to tame the economy raced to boost local growth rates. A. 虽然对货币供应量的限制在十月重新启动，但地方政府不顾中央抑制经济过热的努力，继续争着提高经济增长，使得投资急速增加。

B. 虽然限制货币供应量的努力在十月重新启动，但地方政府不顾中央抑制经济过热的努力，争着加快经济增长，使得投资急速增加。

C. 尽管在十月份又恢复了对货币供应量严格控制的努力，但由于地方政府不顾中央抑制经济过快增长的努力，竞相提高当地的经济增长率，因此，投资急速地增加了。

D. 虽然十月份重新开始对货币供应量进行限制，但投资急速增加，因为地方政府不顾中央抑制经济过热的努力，继续争着提高经济增长。

7. Such is the so-called “Business cycle” that has characterized the industrialized nations of the world for the last two centuries---ever since an elaborate, interdependent money economy began to replace the relatively self-sufficient precommercial society. A. 这正是近两个世纪(即自从一种复杂的、相互依赖的货币经济开始取代相对自足的前商业化社会)以来表现全世界工业化国家特色的“经济周期”。

B. 这正是近两个世纪(即自从一种复杂的、相互依赖的货币经济开始取代相对自足的前商业化社会)以来具有全世界工业化国家特色的所谓的“经济周期”。 C. 这正是近两个世纪(即自从一种复杂的、相互依赖的货币经济开始取代相对自足的前商业化社会)以来以全世界工业化国家为特色的所谓的“经济周期”。

D. 这正是近两个世纪(即自从一种复杂的、相互依赖的货币经济开始取代相对自足的前商业化社会)以来全世界工业化国家所谓的“经济周期”。

8. Our unique concept was a response to buyer needs, bringing greater reliability, higher-quality output, exceptional user-friendliness and operational ease. A. 我们唯一的信念就是要满足购买者的需要，生产更可靠的，质量更高的产品，让使用者感到格外好用和操作方便。

B. 我们唯一的信念就是要适应购买者的需要，生产更可靠的，质量更高的产品，让使用者感到格外好用和操作方便。

C. 我们唯一的信念就是要反映购买者的需要，生产更可靠的，质量更高的产品，让使用者感到格外好用和操作方便。

D. 我们唯一的信念就是要回复购买者的需要，生产更可靠的，质量更高的产品，让使用者感到格外好用和操作方便。

9. It was found that a country benefits more by producing goods it can make most cheaply and buying those goods that other countries can make at lower costs than by producing everything it needs within its own border. A. 人们发现，一个国家只生产成本耗费最低的产品，而从其他国家出售它们用较低成本生产的产品，这比在国内生产自家所需要的一切产品要划算得多。

B. 人们发现，一个国家只生产成本耗费最低的产品，而从其他国家购买它们用较低成本生产的产品，这比在国内生产自家所需要的一切产品要划算得多。

C. 人们发现，一个国家只生产成本耗费较低的产品，而从其他国家购买它们用较低成本生产的产品，这比在国内生产自家所需要的一切产品要划算得多。 D. 人们发现。一个国家只生产成本耗费最低的产品，而从其他国家购买它们用最低成本生产的产品，这比在国内生产自家所需要的一切产品要划算的多。

10. As to direct and indirect exporting, which approach is best depends on such factors as the company‟s size ,its export volume, the number of foreign countries involved, the investment required to support the operation, the profit potential, the risk present, and the desires of overseas buyers. A. 至于直接出口业务和间接出口业务，哪一种手段最好取决于许多因素，比如公司的大小，出口数量的多少，公司业务所牵涉国家的多少，出口所需投资的多少，可赚利润的多少，存在风险的大小，以及海外买主的要求等等

B. 至于直接出口业务和间接出口业务，哪一种方式最好取决于许多因素，比如公司的大小，出口数量的多少，公司业务所包含国家的多少，出口所需投资的多少，可赚利润的多少，存在风险的大小，以及海外买主的要求等等

C. 至于直接出口业务和间接出口业务，哪一种方式最好取决于许多因素，比如公司的大小，出口数量的多少，所牵涉国家的多少，出口所需投资的多少，可赚利润的多少，存在风险的大小，以及海外买主的需要等等。

D. 至于直接出口业务和间接出口业务，哪一种方式最好取决于许多因素，比如公司的大小，出口数量的多少，公司业务所涉及国家的多少，出口所需投资的多少，可赚利润的多少，存在风险的大小，以及海外买主的要求等等。

Ⅱ. Phrase Translation from English to Chinese (20 points, 1 point for each)

第一套试卷

11. Financial standing

12. Capital injection

13. Financial institutions

14. Serial number

15. Named vessel

16. Bill of Lading

17. Visible trade

18. Earning reports

19. Bad loans 20. Counter-trade

21. Royalty

22. Double dip

23. Income tax

24. Port of destination 25. Vested interests

26. Technology-intensive products

27. Capital resources 28. Barter trade

29. Assembling trade 30. Leasing trade 第二套试卷

11. Money laundering 12. Public funds 13. Anti-money laundry

14. International hot money

15. Money claims 16. Inquiry sheet 17. Force majeure

18. Immovable assets 19. Current account

20. Overdue account

21. Running account

22. Account payable 23. Active stock

24. Underwriter

25. Capital stock authorized

26. Common stock

27. Preferential tax treatment

28. Share prices

29. Average real return

30. Home appliances

第三套试卷

11. Accelerated depreciation

12. Reserve for depreciation 13. Bond transaction

14. Speculative transaction

15. Anti-dumping

16. Procurement cost

17. Subsidiary company

18. Foreign exchange fluctuations 19. Base salary 20. Capital goods

21. Pension

22. Employee pension funds

23. Quoted company 24. Mutual aid pension 25. Marketing

26. Customs duties

27. Stamp duties

28. Tax relief

29. Bear market

30. Sluggish performance 第四套试卷

11. Financial recession 12. Merger and acquisition 13. Storage expense 14. Insurance premium 15. Loading port 16. Negotiating bank 17. Contracting party 18. Immunity

19. Documentary credit 20. Chartering agent 21. Loading capacity

22. Lay days 23. Trade surplus 24. Competitive advantage 25. Payroll 26. Infant industry

27. Portfolio investment

28. Capital flow

29. Interest margins

30. Joint ventures

第五套试卷

11. Grace period

12. Accrued interest

13. Original voucher 14. Exclusive rights 15. Infringement 16. Deferred payment 17. Acceptance 18. Invoice value 19. Discount charge 20. Expiry date 21. Inspection certificate 22. Partial shipment

23. on board Ocean Bill of Lading 24. Blank endorsed 25. Packing list 26. Weight Memo 27. Certificate of Origin 28. Certificate of Quality 29. Bona-fide holder 30. Sight payment

Ⅲ. Translation Improvement from English to Chinese .For each English sentence, there is one or more errors in the translation provided .Please write the whole of your improved version in the space provided. (20 points, 2 points for each)

第一套试卷

31. 原文：Huge investment costs, such as those for developing environmental friendly technology, have made it difficult for an automaker to survive competition on its own. 译文：大笔成本的投资，例如发展对环境有利的技术，会使得汽车制造业者面临生存竞争的困难。改进的译文：

32. 原文：We regret the four of the items enquired for in you Fax are unfortunately not available for export. 译文：很遗憾，贵方传真所询商品有4项无货可供。改进的译文：

33. 原文：We are pleased to advice you that your order No.103 has been dispatched in accordance with your instruction. 译文：我方高兴的通知你们：第103号订单货物已遵照你方指示遣送。

改进的译文：

34. 原文：The success or failure of terrestrial digital broadcasting hinges on the prices of television sets and the development of new services. 译文：地球上数码电视广播的成败取决于电视机的销售价格和新型服务的开发。改进的译文：

35. 原文：When a tariff is imposed on an import, the direct impact on price is to raise it by the amount of the tariff. 译文：对进口征收关税时，对价格的直接影响就是通过税额把它提高。改进的译文：

36. 原文： For our study please send us two copies in English of the methods of analysis you adopt in your lab of chemical fertilizes — like urea. 译文：请将贵方尿素化肥实验室采用的检验方法的英文本寄两份给我们研究。改进的译文：

37. 原文：The corporate charter also authorizes the corporation to issue and sell shares of stock, or ownership in the corporation, to enable the corporation to raise money. 译文：公司营业执照授权公司发行和销售股票，认购公司的所有权为公司筹措资金。改进的译文：

38. 原文：Direct investment takes place when control follows the investment. This can amount to a small percentage of the equity of the company being acquired, perhaps even as little as 10 percent. 译文：当投资受到控制时，企业往往采用直接投资，但这种投资只占企业所获得资产净值的一小部分，甚至只占10%。改进的译文：

39. 原文：If a firm anticipates the future imposition of quotas, its strategy will be to gain as much market share as possible regardless of profitability. 译文：如果公司预计未来会对配额征税，该公司就会不考虑赢利性而实施尽可能拓宽市场的策略。改进的译文：

40. 原文：Under the existing law, properties that can be entrusted are limited to money, securities, money claims, and movable and immovable assets. 译文：依据现行法律，可以相信的财产限于金钱、证券、货币索赔、动产和不动产。改进的译文：第二套试卷

31. 原文：Party A shall be unauthorized to accept any orders or to collect any account on and after September 20. 译文：9月20日后，甲方已无权接受任何订单或收据。改进的译文：

32. 原文：It is obviously out of question to effect two shipments of crude oil by the end of October. 译文：十月底发运两船原油显然是办不到的。改进的译文：

33. 原文：Future prospects are dim, and analysts are uncertain when the global IT-related recession will bottom out. 译文：发展前景非常暗淡，全球与信息技术相关的经济衰退探底的时候分析家们还不确定。

改进的译文：

34. 原文：Both heavy-duty trucks and platform trucks enquired for in your Fax under replay are not available for supply. 译文：贵方所询载重汽车及平板车均无货可供。改进的译文：

35. 原文：The goods we received contrary to our instructions are packed in wooden cases without iron hoops. 译文：收到的货物与我们的指示不同，是包装在没有铁腰子的木箱里。改进的译文：

36. 原文：To extend direct customer support, we launched the largest retraining and redeployment program in our history. 译文：为了扩大对顾客直接的支持，我们发射了历史上规模最大的重新培训计划和重新部署计划。改进的译文：

37. 原文：Large corporations are accountable to their stockholders, to governmental agencies, and to the public. 译文：大公司有责任向其股东、政府代理机构和广大公众说明公司的财务状况。改进的译文：

38. 原文：International trade transactions refer to the exportation of goods or services from one country to another, which is the importing country. 译文: 国际贸易是指将商品或服务从一个国家出口到另一个国家，这另一个国家也就是进口的国家。改进的译文：

39. 原文：Preferential tax treatment that the US government extends to corporations runs counter to a WTO agreement that bans export subsidies. 译文：美国政府实行优惠税制的做法，传递给各企业，违反了WTO关于禁止出口子公司的协议。改进的译文：

40. 原文：It is regrettable that our business is still bad although we have marked down our price considerably. 译文：令人遗憾地是，我方的经营状况仍未好转，尽管我方已经大幅下调我方的价格，

改进的译文：

第三套试卷

31. 原文：The number of bank accounts that are closed compulsorily has been increasing rapidly. 译文：被强制关闭的银行账户数量在快速增长。改进的译文：

32. 原文：Your claim should be supported by sufficient evidence. 译文：你方声称必须有充分的证据。改进的译文：

33. 原文：Business is a combination of all these activities: production, distribution and sale, through which profit or economic surplus will be created. 译文：商务是指生产、配送、销售等一切活动的组合，通过销售活动，创造利润和经济盈余。

改进的译文：

34. 原文：Plastics for industrial purposes are not valuable because they are colorful. 译文：工业用的塑料没有价值，因为它们五颜六色。改进的译文：

35. 原文：As we have always received your payment punctually, we are puzzled to have had neither remittance nor report in connection with our current statement of June30. 译文: 在我方准时收到贵方的付款的同时，我方既未收到汇款，也未收到任何关于6月30日的报表的报告，深感不解。

改进的译文：

36 原文: Marketing is a pervasive social activity that goes considerably beyond the selling of toothpaste, soap, and steel. 译文：营销是一种不同于牙膏和钢铁销售的活动。改进的译文：

37. 原文：Industries in which two leading companies compete head-to-head to the exclusion of all others, such as in the US soft drinks industry, are relatively rare. 译文：两大龙头企业所在的产业进行短兵相接的竞争，将其他所有企业排除在外，如在美国的软饮料产业，这种情况相对来说还是少有的。

改进的译文：

38. 原文：Regarding the purchase of leans, the operational plans said one requirement would be to acknowledge the profitability and bright prospects of an enterprise in such fields as technology, brands and manpower. 译文：就贷款的购买而言，操作计划规定了一个要求，就是要认可一家企业在诸如技术、商标和人力领域所具备的获利能力和光明前景。改进的译文：

39. 原文：Multinational bank‟s services include issuing letter of credit, buying and selling foreign exchange, issuing banker‟s acceptances, accepting Eurocurrency deposits, making Eurocurrency loans, and assisting in the marketing of Eurobonds. 译文：跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、买卖外汇、开立银行承兑、接受欧洲货币储存、提供欧洲货币贷款以及发行欧洲货币债券。改进的译文：

40. 原文：The organization-wide strategic planning process consists of (1) defining the organization‟s mission, (2) setting organizational objectives, (3) conducting an organizational portfolio analysis, and (4) designing organizational strategic to achieve the objectives. 译文：企业战略计划过程包括(1)确定企业的任务，(2)确定企业的目标，(3)进行组织文件分析，(4)制定实现目标的策略。改进的译文：

第四套试卷

31. 原文：There is no financial risk in selling to East European countries on credit.

译文：向东欧各国借记是没有财务风险的。

改进的译文： 32. 原文：Considering the friendly business relationship between our two banks, we decided not charge you the overdue interests.

译文：鉴于贵我两行之间的友好业务关系，我行不决定收取贵行过期利益。

改进的译文：

33. 原文: The computer makes possible a marvelous leap in human proficiency; it pulls down the fences around the practical and even the theoretical intelligence.

译文: 计算机使人类的能力产生巨大的飞跃;它削弱了人类从事实践工作甚至理论工作的智慧。

改进的译文:

34. 原文：The integration of computer systems is indispensable in unifying documentation and also for such task as the placing of orders with factories, product delivery and information management. 译文：电脑程序的统一在统一文件以及向工厂下单、产品发货以及信息管理任务中是不可或缺的。改进的译文：

35. 原文：Sino-British links have multiplied---political, commercial, educational, cultural, defense, science and technology.

译文: 中英在政治、商务、教育、文化、国防和科技的联系成倍地增加了。

改进的译文：

36. 原文: Cargo insurance is to protect the trader from losses that many dangers may cause. 译文：货物保险会使贸易商免受许多风险所可能造成的损失。改进的译文：

37. 原文：The developed countries are rich in skilled work force and capital resources, so they can concentrate on producing many technology-intensive products such as computers, aircrafts, and so on.

译文: 发达国家熟练劳动力和资本方面非常富裕，所以能集中生产很多技术密集型的产品，比如计算机、飞机。改进的译文：

38. 原文: To avert the danger of major defaults and to restore security to the economic systems, Western bankers and governments will have to ensure that they are imposing reasonable repayment terms on developing countries, terms that will not provoke revolution or chaos. 译文: 为了转移发生在重大的宣布无力偿还债务事件的危险,并使经济体制恢复巩固,西方各国金融机构和政府必须确保对各发展中国家强制实行公平合理的还债条件,确保这些条件不至于引发革命或混乱。改进的译文:

39. 原文：The EEC‟s Common Agricultural policy is a dinosaur which is adding ￡13.50 a week to the food bill of the average British family.

译文：欧洲经济共同体的共同农业政策是个奇怪的政策，它要使英国家庭平均每周在食品开销上多支出13.5英镑。改进的译文：

40. 原文：Since silver and gold are inconvenient to carry and to assay for purity and for weight, it became customary for each state to stamp out in coin form a specified number of ounces of gold carrying the seal of the state to guarantee purity and weight. 译文：由于携带进金银以及给金银的纯度和重量进行鉴别都不方便，因此，以往通常的做法是，每个国家把特定数量盎司的黄金冲压成金币，以此来保证纯度和重量。改进的译文：

第五套试卷

31. 原文： Delivery must be effected within the time stated on the purchase order. 译文：发货收到了购货订单上所规定的时间的影响。改进的译文：

32. 原文：The installation should be commenced as soon as all the remaining problems have been cleared up. 译文：待剩下的问题都解决了之后安装就应立即被开始。改进的译文：

33. 原文：Concerns have been raised over the ability of Internet banking services to verify the identity of new depositors or to guarantee the security of customer transactions. 译文：就网上银行服务是否有能力证实新存款人的身份或者是否有能力确保客户交易安全这一问题，已经受到人们的高度关注。改进的译文：

34. 原文：A plunging dollar could reignite inflations as imports grow more costly. 译文：随着进口货物的价格上涨，下降的美元会再次引发通货膨胀。改进的译文：

35. 原文：Not only a panic run on banks, but snowballing deposit cancellation could trigger an ominous chain reaction leading to a financial crisis.

译文: 不仅仅是在各家银行所发生的恐慌性奔跑，还有那如滚雪球般的取消存款，都有可能引发导致不良连锁反应的金融危机。改进的译文：

36. 原文: In the past few years companies from oil giant Shell to U.S. carmaker Ford have found common ground with environmental groups. 译文：在过去几年中，从壳牌石油巨头到美国制造商福特公司都和环境保护团体找到共同的基础。改进的译文：

37. 原文：Personal experience and expert advice include past performances, professional education and training, and communication with policy makers, facility owners and users. 译文：个人的经验和专家的建议包括过去业绩、职业教育和培训、与政策制定者的沟通及各种设施的所有者和使用者等。

改进的译文：

38. 原文：To promote high-speed internet connection in rural areas, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications plans to allow local government to provide rural residents with access to wireless broadband services. 译文：为了促销农村地区的高速网络连接设备，内务部计划允许地方政府为农村居民提供连接无线宽带网的服务。改进的译文： 39. 原文：Over the period from 1978 to 1996, many of the distortions and rigidities of the former central planning system were eliminated and market forces came to play an increasingly important role in economic decision making. 译文：自1978到9996年这段时间里，在中央计划经济体制下以往的那些歪曲和僵硬有许多都被抛弃了，市场力量在经济决策中起了越来越重要的作用。改进的译文：

40. 原文：The retailers perform many functions. First, he may provide a convenient location. Also, he often guarantees and services the merchandise he sells. Third, the retailer aids in promoting the product, often through displays and advertising. 译文：零售商还发挥许多功能。其一，他可提供便利的场地;其二，零售商对他所售出的商品提供担保和服务;其三，零售商帮助促销产品，经常进行商品展示活动和发布广告。

改进的译文：

Ⅳ. Business Letter Translation from English to Chinese (20 points)

第一套试卷 41. Gentlemen, We are in receipt of your telegram of May 6, from which we understand that you have booked our order for 2000 dozens of shirts. In reply, we have the pleasure of informing you that the confirmed, irrevocable Letter of Credit No. 7634, amounting to $17 000, has been opened this morning through the Commercial Bank, Tokyo. Upon receipt of the same, please arrange shipment of the goods booked by us with the least possible delay. We are informed that S.S. “Wuxi” is scheduled to sail from your city to our port on May 28. We wish that the shipment will be carried by that steamer. Should this trial order prove satisfactory to our customers, we can assure you that repeat orders in increased quantities will be placed. Your close cooperation in this respect will be highly appreciated. In the meantime we look forward to your ship advice. Yours sincerely, 第二套试卷 41. Dear Sirs, Referring to our previous letters and cables, we wish to call your attention to the fact that up to the present moment no news has come from you about the shipment under the captioned contract. As you have been informed in one of our previous letters, the users are in urgent need of the machines contracted and are in fact pressing us for an early delivery. Under the circumstances, it is obviously impossible for us to extend L/C No. 6735 again, which expires on 20th December, and we feel it our duty to remind you of this matter again. Yours truly, 第三套试卷 41. Gentlemen, More people are now saving their time and efforts by preparing meals the modern way —— the microwave cooking way. No longer do you need to wait hours for food to be prepared. Microwave cooking is quick, clean and inexpensive. What you need to do is just to press the switch, and then this new cooker will permit you to serve mouth-watering meals in no time at all. Read the enclosed brochure and learn why more and more people are rushing for microwave ovens. During the month of July we are ready to offer you Golden Star microwave ovens at a 10% saving on the regular price. Take a moment to fill in the enclosed order form and we are sure to deliver the goods you need promptly. We hope to do business with you soon! Yours sincerely, 第四套试卷 41. Dear Sirs,

We have carefully studied your letter of Dec. 14. As our two firms have done business with each other for so many years, we should like to grant your request to lower the prices of our underwear. But there are difficulties. Our cost of raw materials has risen sharply in the past three months and to reduce prices by 5% you mentioned could not be done without considerably lowering our standards of quality. This is something we are not prepared to do. Instead of 5% reduction on underwear, we suggest a reduction of 3% on all lines. On orders of this size we could manage to make the reduction without lowering our standards. We hope you will agree to our counter-suggestion and we look forward to receiving orders from you as in the past. Yours truly, 第五套试卷 41. Dear Sirs, On 1st March this year we wrote to you drawing your attention to what appeared to be an unpaid account amounting to $9000.00 for electronic equipment supplied to you between 10th December last year and 20th January this year. Statements of account had previously been sent to you on 28th December last year and 28th January this year, but we have not heard from your reply. I now enclose a further copy of your statement for your easy reference. We are surprised not to have heard any reply from you on this matter, but if you wish to query any details in the statement, we will be happy to discuss these with you. However, if the statement is in order, we will expect to receive your check in full settlement without further delay.

Yours faithfully,

Ⅴ. Contract translation from English to Chinese (20 points)

第一套试卷

42. Provided that if, in the opinion of the Engineer, the Contractor is liable to do such work at his own cost under the Contract, all the costs in question consequent thereon or incidental thereto shall, after due consultation with the Employer and the Contractor, be determined by the Engineer, and shall be recoverable from the Contractor by the Employer, and may be deducted by the Employer from any monies due or to become due to the Contractor. 43. The manufacturers shall, before delivery, make a precise and comprehensive inspection of the goods concerning their quality, specifications, performance and quantity and issue certificates certifying that the goods are in conformity with the stipulations of this contract. The certificates shall form an integral part of the documents to be presented to the Paying Bank for negotiation/collection of payment, but shall no be considered as final documents in respect of quality, specifications, performance and quantity.

第二套试卷 42. Arbitration Any dispute arising from or in connection with the Contract shall be settled through friendly negotiation. In case no settlement is reached, the dispute shall be submitted to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (CIETAC), Shenzhen Commission, for arbitration in accordance with its rules in effect at the time of applying for arbitration. The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties. 43. If any enterprise with foreign investment goes into liquidation, and if the balance of its net assets or the balance of its remaining property after deduction of the enterprise‟s undistributed profit, various funds and liquidation expenses, exceeds the enterprise‟s paid-in capital, the excess portion shall be liquidation income on which income tax shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, be paid.

第三套试卷

42. In the case of a contract which, according to the laws or administrative regulations of the Peoples‟ Republic of China, is to be formed with the approval of the state, the assignment of the contractual rights and obligations shall be subject to the approval of the authority which approved the contract, unless otherwise stipulated in the approved contract. 43. Any and all claims, disputes or controversies arising under or in connection with this Agreement shall be brought solely and exclusively in the courts located in Santa Clara, California, which shall constitute the sole, exclusive and final forum for any resolution of any disputes between the parties.

第四套试卷

42. If the purchaser receives a claim from any third party for the infringement, the purchaser shall notify the seller promptly in writing of the claim and give the seller information, assistance and the authority to evaluate, defend and settle such a claim. 43. When, at the end of the year, the final settlement is made, no re-computation and re-conversion shall be made in respect of income in foreign currencies for which tax has already been paid on a quarterly basis. Provided that if the portion of the foreign currency income of the entire year has not been taxed, the taxable income in question shall be computed and converted into RMB at the exchange rate quotation on the last day of the tax year.

第五套试卷

42. If under the contract the buyer is to specify the form, measurement or other features of the goods and he fails to make such specification either on the date agreed upon or within a reasonable time after receipt of a request from the seller, the seller may, without prejudice to any other rights he may have, make the specification himself in accordance with the requirements of the buyer that my be known to him. 43. Where by virtue of this Article, the Subcontractor is required to effect and maintain insurances and / or to allow the Contractor to take out insurances in the Subcontractor‟s name, then at any time until such obligation has been fully performed, the Subcontractor shall produce to the Contractor‟s satisfactory evidences thereof in the form required by the Contractor (such as copy of cover notes), including evidences that payment of the corresponding premiums have been made, and in the event of his failing to do so, the Contractor may himself effect such insurance and recover the cost of so doing from the Subcontractor.

第四篇：自考_电子商务英语

Unit 1 What was her reaction to the news? 11. 你将负责全企业的协调工作。 External threats must be considered to protect one’s

Important terms 9. 他的写作方法别具一格. You will be responsible for the coordination of the whole reputation from harm

e-business process电子商务流程He writes in a very individual way. enterprise. 3. 著名品牌防止很多人加入进来与之竞争。

online marketing 在线营销10. 你有能力把这工作做好.12.他们在大规模准备战争。 A strong brand results in fewer competitive entrants. Word-Wide-Web interface 万维网接口You have the capability to do this job well. They are preparing the war on a grand scale. 4. 政府一贯愿意按照业界的行情而修改历法方案

financial transaction 财务往来 11. 儿童的鞋子并不便宜----反而更贵.Unit7 Governments have consistently been willing to modify business model 商务模式Children’s shoes aren’t cheap – quite the reverse. Important terms legislative proposals following representations from customer service 客户服务 12 我们要在吃饭前把一切规划好. statements and payments结算清单与支付business.

dispute resolution解决争端We should get everything planned out before dinner. e-money电子货币5. 信息产品可以在顷刻间传遍全世界,所以特别有风险. customer relationship management 客户关系管理13. 正如把电子商务战略融入整体商务战略种是重要的一样, 把electronic bill presentment and payment (EBPP) 电子账单付Information products are particularly at risk as they can electronic billing and payment system电子付兑与付系统商务平价系统融入进来也同样重要. 兑与支持instantly be disseminated worldwide. shipping document 运输单Just as it is important to integrate the e-business strategy transfer funds基金转移6. 勿受坏榜样的影响.

EDI 电子数据交换into the overall business strategy, it is equally important customer care客户关怀Don’t be influenced by bad example. Customs clearance 清关 to integrate business measures. billing department票据中心7. 工业革命改变了整个英国的社会结构.

Final customer最终用户 14. 这一前景理论上可行, 但实际上吹嘘过渡.cross-sell交叉销售The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of Credit card verification信用卡鉴别 While possible in theory, the promise was clearly oversold. up-sell上行销售English society.

Market niche 市场领域 15. 为了获得市场份额, 他们必需竭尽全力. in-house program内部流程Unit 11

Software module 软件模块 To gain market share, they will go to great lengths. overhead 营业费用Important terms:

Important sentences Unit 4 customer relations客户关系Out of business破产

1. 它已成为各贸易和商务的强有力的手段。 Important terms credit card信用卡site traffic网络交通

It has become a powerful medium for commerce and business Chopping out margins on sales削减销售率润cost savings节约成本holiday revenues假日收入transaction of all kinds. search engines搜索引擎 individual spending habits个人购物习惯holiday sales假日销售

2. 电子贸易指网上财务往来，电子商务指所有形式的网上the inventory / ordering system存货/订货系统Internet billing and customer management因特网结算与客户transportation hassles交通困难

交易。 pricing structures价格体系管理online retailers网络零售商

e-commerce refers to financial transactions over the web and a mail-order operation通过邮购运作生意的方法account data账户数据potential sales潜在销售e-business refers to all forms of transactions over the Web. site loyalty对网站的忠诚度direct billing直接结算actual revenues实际收入

3. 客户服务已经是并将继续是一个主要的竟争因素。 the physical word现实世界centralized system中央系统buying attempt购买企图Customer service has been, and continues to be, a major automatic replenishment 自动再补给 data collection数据收集 potential market潜在市场

competitive factor. the local pricing 当地商店定价方法Important sentences actual losses实际

4. 电子商务的交易通常涉及几个互动的步骤。 a back order 延期交货 1. 她说出了种种理由，但没有一条令人信服。 checkout process结账过程

E-business transactions often involve several interactive CEO总裁, 首席执行官She presented a variety of reasons, but none was convincing. place an order订购

steps. UPS联合包裹快递公司 2. 不管他说什么你都不要相信他。 Important sentences:

5. 那将给你极大的竟争优势。 Federal express 联邦快递公司Don’t’ trust him no matter what he says. 1. 由于天气原因，航班已经推迟一个小时了。

That will give you a serious advantage over your apples-to-apples comparison同类比较3.每天早晨步行上班你就不用交公共汽车费了。 The flight has been delayed one hour, due to weather competition. customer service客户服务Walking to the office every morning will save you from conditions.

6. 当你的公司电子商务化后，你与客户间的关系就改变commercial suicide商务自杀spending money on bus fares. 2. 很多人在网上购物只是图个方便。

了。 online and offline 线上和线下4. 这个公司试图通过降低产品价格来促进销售。 Many people buy things online just for convenience.When you become an e-business you transform your timely delivery及时送货The company tries to promote the sale by cutting down the 3. 尽管有热切的购物者，很多电子商务公司还是遭受了重大损relationship with your customers. best-price guarantee最佳价格保障prices of its products. 失。

7. 客户关系管理在你的商务程序中起决定用。 profit margin率润5. 他宁愿辞职也不愿意参与这种欺诈的交易。 Many e-business companies suffer from great losses despite

Your most critical business process is customer national catalog全国商品目录He resigned rather than take part in such a dishonest eager shopper.

relationship management. mail-order pricing邮购定价transaction. 4. 我不知道这本书是否值得一读。

8. 我们必须尽最大可能利用我们已有源。 product return产品回转6. 这位作家用四条情节线组合成了这部小说。 I don’t know whether the book is worth reading.

We must make the best possible use of the resources privacy policy 保护隐私的措施The author weaved four plots together into this novel. Unit12

we have. Important sentences 7. 他据绝了政府部门的工作而选择了大学的职位。 Important terms:

9. 男孩们依次被召入会见考官。 1.你能确定我们定了房间吗?He refused a job in government in favor of a university Mobile telephony移动电话技术

The boys were summoned in turn to see the examiner. Can you make sure that we have a room reservation? appointment. interactive TV交互式电视

10. 他做一切事情都不考虑后果。 2.现代火车都有自动门. 8.这本字典非常好。最好的一点在于他用例句来说明词汇的用法。 smart cards智能卡

He does everything regardless of the consequences. Modern trains have automatic doors This dictionary is very good. Best of all, it provides Asia-Pacific region亚太地区

11. 法官的权利由法律规定。 3.一个公司的老字号并不一定能保证其质量. example sentences to illustrate the usage of words. traditional companies传统公司The power of a judge are defined by law.A famous old name on the firm is not necessarily a guarantee Unit 8 at the founding stage在创建阶段

12. 商业电视是有效的广告宣传工具。 of quality. Important terms in the text:winners and losers赢家和输家

Commercial television is an effective medium for 4.我们要提前准备所有申请材料. 1.keyword 关键词industry sectors工业部门

advertising. We must have all the application materials prepared in 2 . search engine 搜索引擎technology trends技术趋势

13. 他们向她表示热烈欢迎。 advance 3.browse浏览network economy网络经济

They extended a warm welcome to her. 5.欧洲服饰被世界很多地方的人采用。 4. search result搜索结果consumer market消费者市场

14. 我把参考书放在书桌旁以便使用。 European dress has been adopted by people in many parts of 5.subset 子集strategic development策略发展

I keep my reference books near my desk for the world. 6.video/audio clips视频/音频夹e-business market电子商务市场

convenience. 6.她没提到她的母亲没来。 7.database数据库key success成功的关键

15. 我们处在历史的紧要关头。 She did not mention her mother’s absence.8. interface界面e-business space电子商务商业空间

We are at a critical time in our history. 7.她给艾琳打了电话但没和她约去看她。 9. adaptive probabilistic concept自适应概率概念real world真实世界

16. 在那一瞬间，我以为他要拒绝了。 She telephoned Ellen but made no arrangements to see her. 10. concept clustering 概念聚类key issues焦点

Just for an instant I thought he was going to 8.他们今天发现的证据不能用来解释这个案件. 11. concept profiling 概念描述true value真正价值

refuse. The evidence they discovered today doesn’t account for 12. multilingual searches多语言搜索success criteria成功标准

17. 在过去的数年中，因特网已经从一个仅用于科研的网络the case. 13. database management systems数据库管理系统Important sentences:

发展成了一个使新一代商务模式成为可能的平台。 9.网络让你们建立起确实的一对一的动态关系。 14.information and data retrieval 信息和数据检索1. 我认为在这个市场上速度是第一位的。

Over the last few years the internet has evolved The Internet permits you to build a dynamic relationships 15. database integration数据库集成I think speed is of the essence in this market. form being a scientific network only , to a that are really one to one. 16.intelligent search engines智能搜索引擎2. 所有这些趋势都毫无疑问地对电子商务市场产生着深platform that is enabling a new generation of 10.它确实需要你重新思考你的整个经营方式和管理企业的策略。 17. neural network神经网络远的影响。

business. It really involves rethinking the entire way you do business Important termsAll of these trends ate undoubtedly having a

Unit 2 and how you run your organization. 1. 这依次失败使我太灰心了，我不想再尝试了。 profound effect on the e-business market.

Important terms 11.钱本身并不重要，重要的是钱的用途。 I was too discouraged by this failure to try again. 3. 结果非常令人不满意，和我们所期望的恰恰相反。

Just-In-time / Direct Site Delivery 及时供应制Money is not the end itself, but the application of it is 2. 那机会太好了, 不能错过. The result was rather unsatisfactory, as opposed bandwidth带宽 most important. That’s too good an opportunity to miss. to what we had expected.

target market目标市场Unit 5 3. 这本书不但有用而且有趣。 4. 那个计划已开始就注定要失败。

DigiCash 电子现金 Important terms This book is not only useful but also interesting From the start, the plan was doomed to fail. delivery and payment mechanism 交货与付款机制 Online information线上信息4. 他宁可自己做衣服而不愿意去商店买。 5. 供水条件的改善会给健康带来巨大的影响。

search engine搜索引擎information network 信息网She prefers making her own clothes instead of buying them Improvement in water supply can have a dramatic URL统一资源定位器 site traffic 站点访问量in the shops effect on health.

PGP 一个基于RSA公匙加密体系的邮件加密软件growth rate增长率5. 这个主意在理论上和实践上都站不住脚。 6. 在某种程度上，男性更容易找到报酬高的工作。 Downward industry trend 行业下滑customer base顾客群In theory as well as in practice, the idea is unsound. To a certain extent, it’s easier for men to get cost overruns成本超支product description产品描述6. 从一方面来说这个项目花费太大，另一方面也太难实施。 well-paid work.

hacker intrusion黑客入侵database数据库On the one hand, the project is too expensive; on the other 7. 成千上万的人都参与了四年一度的选举活动。 computer virus计算机病毒 return rate退货率hand it is also too difficult to carry out. Thousands of people were involved in the election Profit / loss statement 损益表follow-up calls售后服务电话7. 这很便宜, 但另一方面质量不好. campaign held every four years.

Cash-flow 现金流量 sales figures销售额It’s cheap, but on the other hand, the quality is poor. 8. 应该由你决定是否实施这一计划。

Balance sheet 资产负债表CyberCash电子货币公司8. 你的这些乱七八糟的东西占了太多的位置. It’s up to you to decide whether to carry out this tangible benefit有形利益online venture网络公司Your clutter takes up far too much space. plan or not.

intangible benefit无形利益sales tax销售税9. 只有这样你们才能改善那里的局势。

R&D研究与开发 top seller最畅销的货品Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation there.

information technology 信息技术10. 那些不说英语或不以英语为本族语的人在互联网上受到很大完形填空

Important sentences Important sentences 的限制 __ in different countries........is free to leave.

1. 我们扼要说明了我们对该建议的反对意见. 1.我有时感到区分西班牙语和葡萄牙语很困难. People who do not speak English or who are non-native English 1.people2.majority3.conventional4.something5.asWe outlined our major objections to the proposal. I sometimes have difficulty distinguishing Spanish from speakers have many disadvantages on the web. 6.judge7.is cut up

1. 报告中有一段谈到工作中的事故问题. Portuguese Unit 9 8.cooking9.using10.with11.leaving12.free13.of14.material The report has a section on accidents at work. 2. 当说导他父亲时, 他就一言不发了. Important terms: s15.passed16.the next

2. 这辆汽车很废汽油. When it comes to his father, he keeps silentbuying leverage购买17.when18.excused19.leave20.removes

The car consumes a lot of fuel. 3. 虽然我比珍妮出门晚, 但我比她提早到达晚会现场. spending analysis开支分析 It is not surprising......but consistent rate.

3. 你可以把不重要的细节删除.Although I left home later than Jane, I arrived at the party supply chains供应链1.hardly2.associate3.in the open air4.bottles of You can cut out the unimportant details. ahead of us value chains价值链wine5.There is nothing6.in spite of7.for

4. 这项新的税收将迫使公司采用节省能源的措施.4. 他们施压让她接受轿车的较低价格. ERP software企业资源管理8.home-produced9.destroyed10.such11.as12.during13.a The new tax will force companies to adopt energy-saving They put pressure on her to accept a lower price for the car maverick purchasing个性化购买 great deal14.disappear15.until

measures. 5. 你把耽搁归咎于什么呢? purchase requisition cycle购货清购周期16.die17.because of18.drink19.ever20.at

5. 提高了生产力理应增加工资To what do you attribute this delay? order initialization订单初始化Koalas look like.....peacefully.

Improved productivity justifies an increase in wages. 6. 刘易斯创了新的世界记录. availability checks有效性核查1.but2.their

6. 只要买了保险就不会遭受损失.Lewis has set up a new world record status tracking状态young3.do4.spend5.nearly6.drink7.means8.on9.First10.off1When you are insured, you are secure against loss. 7.如果资金缩减的话，我们将无法提供同等水平的教学。 rogue / off-contract buying非契约1.top12.an inch long

7. 务必打个电话让我们知道你已安全地回家. We will not be able to provide the same standard of teaching approval cycles受理周期13.breast14.after15.between16.climber17.so18.on19.groups Be sure to ring and let us know you’ve got back safely. if there are funding cuts. workflow工作流程20.as

9.健康欠佳可能成为取得成功的障碍 8. 我们正在制定新的策略提高我们时常的占有量。 review and approval process检查批准流程Paul and his sister,......they became______. Poor health may be a barrier to success. We are working on new strategies to improve our share of the approval channels受理渠道1.took2.supposed3.had

10.该公司宣布率润增加market. trending tools流行taken4.supplies5.so6.by7.additional8.they9.themselves10.The company has declared an increase in profit. 9. 我们花了一整天的时间开车回家。 ERP systems企业资源管理系统over11.leave

11.他悉心好学弥补了经验不足 It took all day for us to drive home. back-end integration后台整合12.who13.both14.pretty15.noise16.to17.their18.did19.for2His lack of experience was balanced by his willingness to 10. 邮件一天两次送达到我们办公室。 Metcalf’s Law迈卡尔夫定律 0.separated

learn. Mail is delivered to our office twice a day.Several regions.....serious cyclone.

12.你必须有计划地安排些步以便将你的提议变成现实。 11. 在求学的道路上，我们准备克服很多的困难。 Important sentences 1.to2.cause3.scale4.general5.defined6.way7.circulates8.BYou must lay out the steps to make your proposal a reality. On the way of study, we must be ready to grapple with 1. 丈夫一人的收入便可以让家里过上相对宽裕的生活。 ut9.In terms of10.undergoes11.occur

13.该计划应对如何达到目标市场描述。 (overcome) many difficulties. The husband’s income alone allows the family to live a 12.Usually13.unpopulated14.a

The plan should describe how the target markets are to be 12.我们必须想办法进入敌人的电脑获得情报。 comparatively well-to-do life few15.does16.striking17.However18.severely19.warning reached. We have to manage to get access to enemy’s computer an then 2. 我们必须依照制度办事。 20.advance

Unit 3 get the intelligence. We have to act according to rules. A penguin (企鹅) is....the ground.

Important terms Unit 6 3. 罢工的失败使公司恢复了正常的公共汽车营业。 1.on2.southern3.Others4.farther5.currents6.orginate7.butPlanning horizon规划远景Important terms The collapse of the strike enabled the company to resume 8.catch9.millions of10.when11.into

business unit 营业单位Marketing市场营销normal bus services. 12.as13.make14.dense15.from16.their17.raise18.land19.mandistribution channel 配销渠道eCRM电子商务客户关系管理4. 我也喜欢文学，但没有到他那样的程度。 y20.bare

business process re-engineering BPR 流程再造 Web technology互联网技术I love literature, too, but not to the extent as he does. Jogging is becoming one of........is not recommended. CRM 客户关系管理client顾客5. 与同时代的妇女相比，她受到了更多的教育。 1.fastest2.are

buy-in 补偿购入customized software按顾客要求制作的软件Compared with women of her age, she had got more education. starting3.recent4.that5.sight6.more7.for8.take board 董事会customer information客户信息Unit 10 up9.because10.of11.needed

earnings per share 每股收益field technician实地技术人员Important terms: 12.Another13.for14.Besides15.very

return on investment 投资利得率automated reports机器自动生成的报告legal counsel法律顾问much16.it17.who18.thing19.when20.with legal entity 法人实体customer’s buying preference顾客的购物喜好external environment外部环境Every four years,......last

business unit (BU)经营单位IP address IP地址legal environment法律环境1.compete2.participate3.speed4.broken5.in6.take new economy新经济workflow工作流程business activity商业活动place7.before8.ready9.into10.house11.designed end user最终用户virtual private network (VPN)虚拟专用网resolving disputes解决争端12.with13.rarely14.At

B2B企业对企业的营销模式customer support用户支持下corporate endeavor共同努力first15.committee16.bands17.official18.its19.leads20.in B2C企业对客户的营销模式solution 解决方案 traditional business传统商业honor of

brick-and-mortar enterprise实体企业Important sentences numerous variables无数变量Human beings act in.....thing___.

market share市场份额1.那是个令人尴尬的境地，需要技巧。 local law当地法律1.that2.Even3,simple4.as soon net loss净亏损It was an embarrassing situation that called for tact commercial value商业价值as5.performed6.use7.reach8.in9.keep strategic objective 战略目标2.我觉得她在利用他的良好品质。 legal considerations法律因素10.long11.then12.reason

discounter price 折扣价格I think she is taking advantage of his good nature human resources人力资源13.sight14.idea15.think16.from17.unable18.for19.languageplanning horizon计划周期3.这个国家的大多数人口集中在北部。 customer loyalty客户忠诚20.continuously

enterprisewide 企业范围的Most of the country’s population is concentrated in thedomain names域名Not all pain.....the product.

Important sentences north information products信息产品1.alike2.away3.still4.turn5.has been

1.我们要尽快做出决定. 4.严寒使水结冰。 enforceable transactions可执行交易practiced6.develop7.gently8.pain9.hand-held10.combines It is imperative that we make a quick decision. Frost turns water into ice. traditional transaction传统交易11.advanced12.uses13.which14.on15.way16.relief17.sore18.

2.旅行课开阔人的眼界. 5.这常需要制定软件。 key factors关键因素To find19.consult20.built

Travel broadens one’s horizons. It often calls for customized software. electronic payment电子支付As the plane.....landing.

3. 我们很有可能得到这笔钱.6. 灾害是公众的注意力集中到化学废料问题上。 electronic signature电子签名1.wrong2.in3.appeared4.but5.almost6.informed7.anyone8.at It’s quite feasible we’ll get the money. The disaster focused public attention on the problem of consumer protection law消费者保护法last9.After10.Moving11.were being

4. 在多数情况下, 这种疼痛很快就消失chemical waste.legal issue法律争端Sent12.below13.close to In most cases,the pain soon goes away. 7. 你的广告有人反馈吗? liability risk 责任风险14.soon15.circle16.when17.Following18.field19.safely20.c

5. 税收增加已经影响了我们所有人. Did you have any answer to your advertisement yet? online seller在线买方ongratulate

The tax increases have affected us all. 8.让自己溶入一个文化背景完全不同的社会很难。 legal intervention 司法干预Steve wanted.....amazement.

6. 评价一个人要充分考虑他的成绩. It is very difficult to integrate yourself into a society information privacy 信息隐私 1.but2.dates3.in4.anyway5.inquired6.his7.indifferent8.coWe should take full account of his achievements while whose culture is so different from your own. Important sentences: nsider9.finally10.down11.On12.sitting evaluating someone. 9. 很多公司声称他们需要有经验的雇员。 1. 这些法律要素以复杂的方式相互关联。 13.someone14.nervous15.pretending16.had

7. 我们有够十个人吃的食物吗?Many companies claim that they need experienced employees. These legal essentials relate to one another in a complex failed17.To18.conversation19.later20.that Do we have sufficient food for ten people? 10. 总裁说我们需要实施一个新的计划。 way.

8. 她对这消息的反应如何?The chief executive said we needed to launch a new project. 2. 必须考虑外在威胁以保护名誉免受破坏。