高级口译礼仪翻译用词

高级口译礼仪翻译用词（共6篇）

篇1：高级口译礼仪翻译用词

礼仪自古以来就被视为人际相交的润滑剂，恰如其分的礼仪可以增进了解、加深友谊。在外事活动中，讲究礼仪也是必不可少的。第一部分 基本词汇

开幕/闭幕式 opening/closing ceremony 开幕词 opening speech/address 致开幕词 make an opening speech 友好访问 goodwill visit 阁下 Your/His/Her Honor/Excellency 贵宾 distinguished guest 尊敬的市长先生 Respected Mr.Mayor 远道而来/来自大洋彼岸的朋友 friends coming from a distant land/the other side of the Pacific 东道国 host country 宣布……开幕 declare……open 值此之际 on the occasion of 借此机会 take this opportunity to 以……名义 in the name of 本着……精神 in the spirit of 代表 on the behalf of 由衷的谢意 heartfelt thanks 友好款待 gracious hospitality 正式邀请 officioa invitation 回顾过去 look back on 展望未来 look ahead/look into the future 最后 in closing 圆满成功 a complete success 提议祝酒 propose a toast 第二部分 词语扩展

一、政治词汇

亚太地区 Asian-Pacific region 建交 establishment of diplomatic relations between 互访 exchange of visit 外交政策 foreign policy 一贯奉行 in persistent pursuit of平等互利 equality and mutual benefit 双边关系 bilateral relations 持久和平lasting peace

二、政治词汇

贸易额 trade volume 商业界 business community 跨国公司 transnational corporation 经济强国/经济大国/经济列强（视具体情况翻译）economic power 第三部分 例句

1.我愿借此机会，代表我们代表团的全体成员，对我们东道主的诚挚邀请，表示真诚的谢意。

On the behalf of all the members of my mission, I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation.2.现在，我愉快地宣布第二十二届万国邮政联盟大会开幕。

Now, I have the pleasure to declare the 22nd Universal Postal Congress open.3.我很荣幸地代表中国政府和人民向来自联合王国的代表团表示热烈的欢迎。I have the honor to express this warm welcome on behalf of the Chinese Government and people to the delegation from the United Kingdom.4.我谨向各位表示最热烈的欢迎。

I would like to extend my warmest welocme to all of you.5.我预祝大会圆满成功！

I wish the conference a complete success!

篇2：高级口译礼仪翻译用词

1．副总统阁下，威廉斯夫人：贵宾们：女士们，先生们：

Your Excellency Vice President and Mrs.Williams, Ourdistinguished guests, Ladies and Gentlemen: 2．我为能在此设宴招待威廉斯副总统和夫人以及其他贵宾而深感荣幸和愉

快。

It is my privilege and great pleasure to host this banquet in honor of Vice President and Mrs.Williams and other distinguished guests.3．愿借此机会向各位来宾表示热烈的欢迎。

I would avail myself this opportunity to extent my warm welcome to you all.4．我的心情可以引用孔子在论语中的一句话来表示：有朋自远方来，不亦

乐乎？

A remark the Analects of Confucius best expressed what I feel now, ”It is such a delight that I have friends visiting from afar.”

5．显而易见，威廉斯副总统的这次访问表明了阁下愿意继续推进我们两国

之间友好合作关系的决心。

Evidently, Vice President Williams’ current visit has demonstrated his Excellency’s determination to further enhance the friendly and cooperative relations between our two countries.6．我深信，两国高层领导人之间的频繁互访，不仅有助于我们两国之间关

系的改善，而且还有助于亚太地区，乃至整个世界的和平和稳定。

I am deeply convinced that frequent exchanges of visits between the top government officials of the two countries are beneficial not only to the improvement of our relationships, but also to the peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region and the world as a whole.7．我们两国建交以来的这些年里，我们在政治、经济、贸易、文化、教

育、科技、卫生等领域里进行了真诚的、卓有成效的合作。

Over the years since the establishment of the diplomatic relationship between our two countries, we have carried out sincere and rewarding cooperation in political, economic, trade, cultural, educational, scientific and technological, public health and other fields.8．值得一提的是，自从我们两国总理互访以来，我们在近海石油勘探和汽

车工业方面的合作进展神速。

In particular, our cooperation in off-shore and automobile industry have been advancing rapidly ever since the exchange of visit between your Prime Minister and our Premier.9．我们对这些领域里取得的成就深感满意，并愿意与贵国政府和人民一起

继续努力，将我们的合作关系推向一个新的高度。

We are very satisfied with the development in these areas, and willing to make further efforts with your government and people to push these cooperative relations to a new height.．当前中国正在全国范围内进行着一次前所未有的经济改革。

Currently, China is engaged in a national drive for an unprecedented economic reform.11．如果我们没有社会与政治稳定的国内环境，没有和平与发展的国际环

境，没有中外经济与合作，我们的这次重大改革是不可能奏效的。

It would not be possible for this grand reform program to yield successful results if China deprived of domestic socio-political stability, of an international environment of peace and development, and of economic and technical cooperation between China and other countries.12．谋求持久的世界和平和全球经济繁荣是我们的共同愿望。

It is our common wish to seek sustained world peace and global economic prosperity.13．正是本着维护世界和平、保证共同发展与繁荣的精神，我们制定了现行的外交政策和经贸政策，发展与各国的关系。

It is in the spirit of safeguarding world peace and ensuring mutual development and prosperity that we have made our current foreigh policies, as well as economics and trade policies, and wish to promote our relations with any other countries.14．我们很高兴地看到，贵国一贯奉行谋求世界和平的政策，在过去的是年

中始终与我们保持着良好的贸易伙伴关系。

We are very pleased that your country is in persistent pursuit of a world peace policy and has remained a decade-old trading partner of China.15．我期待着与威廉斯副总统就双边关系的发展，以及亚太地区和我们共同

关心的其他一些国际问题举行会谈。

I am looking forward to holding talks with you on the development of bilateral relations, as well as on the Asia-Pacific region and other international issues of common interest.16．在我结束讲话之际，我请各位与我一起举杯，In closing, I would like you to join me in a toast，17．祝威廉斯副总统和夫人的身体健康，To the health of Vice President and Mrs.Williams, 18．祝所有贵宾们的身体健康，To the health of all our distinguished guests, 19．祝我们两国之间持久的友谊与合作，To the lasting friendship and cooperation between our two countries 20．为世界和平和繁荣，To the peace and prosperity of the world, 21．干杯！

Cheers!PASSAGE TWO 英译汉：

1．our Honor Mr.Mayor, My Chinese friends, Ladies and Gentlemen: 市长阁下先生，中国朋友们，女士们先生们：

2．I feel honored to come here on my first visit to your beautiful city.这是我首次来到你们这座美丽的城市。

3．On behalf of all the members of my mission, I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation and gracious hospitality we have received since we set foot on this charming land.我愿借此机会，代表我们代表团的全体成员，对我们东道主的诚挚邀请，对

我们一踏上这块充满魅力的土地便受到的友好款待，表示真诚的感谢。

4．I am also very happy that this visit has given me an excellent opportunity to convey to you and to the people of Shanghai warm greetings and sincere good wishes of the government and people of my country.与此同时，我很高兴这次访问给予我一次极好的机会，向市长先生和上海人

民转达我国政府和人民的热烈问候和诚挚的良好祝愿。

5．Although we live with a distance of tens of thousands miles between us, “Long distance separates no bosom friends,” as one of your Tang poets said.尽管我们远隔万里，但贵国一位唐朝诗人说得好：“海内存知己，天涯若比

邻。”

6．The who world is watching with great interest the remarkable changes that a taking place in China particularly in Shanghai.整个世界都以极大的兴趣注视着中国，尤其是注视着上海，正在发生的巨

变。

7．This is a country with the fastest growing economy in the world.这是世界上经济增长最快的国家。

8．China’s rise as one of the strongest economic powers in the Asian-Pacific region has attracted a growing number of business and finacial giants in our country to invest in China, particularly to invest in a number of long-term projects in Shanghai and its surrounding areas.中国迅速崛起为亚太地区最具有实力的经济强国之一，吸引了我国越来越多的商业和金融巨头来华投资。特别是在上海和周边地区长期项目的投资。

9．Over the last few year, there has never been any place other than Pudong that holds so much attraction for our people in the business community.在过去的几年里，从来没有任何一个地方象浦东一样对我们商业界产生如此

之大的吸引力。

10．It is with this awareness that we have come here to seek better ways of promoting our economic and financial cooperation.基于这个考虑，我们来到这里寻求更好的途径来促进我们经济和金融的合作。

11．One of the objectives of my mission is to sign our Investment Protection Agreement.我此行的任务目的之一是签署我们的投资保护协议。

12．I am also seeking possibilities of establishing, through partnership with our Chinese colleagues, consultancy services for transnational corporations in Shanghai.同时，我也希望同我们中国同行携手建立在以上海的跨国公司为对象的咨询

服务机构，所以我此行的另一目的就是想了解 一下这一计划的可行性。

13．Last but not the least, I would like to extend in person our official invitation

to the mayor of Shanghai.最后，我此行的又一项重要的任务是向上海市长面呈访问我市的正式邀请。14．We would like His Honor to visit the city of San Francisco at his earliest convenience, so as to give us an opportunity to return the warm reception and hospitality we enjoy here.我希望市长阁下在其方便的时候访问旧金山市，以便使我们有机会回报在这

里受到的热情款待。

15．I greatly cherish the close relationship between our two cities.我非常珍惜我们两个城市之间的密切关系。

16．I also greatly value the position we enjoy as one of your most important trading partners.我也非常重视作为你们最重要的贸易伙伴之一所享有的地位。

17．In spite of the worldwide economic recession in recent years, there has been a steady growth in our economic cooperation and trade volume.尽管近几年来全球经济萧条，我们之间的经济合作和贸易额仍然在稳步增

长。

18．It is our sincere wish that we continue to work closely together to enhance our friendly relationship and to ensure a sustained growth in our economic, financial and trade cooperation.我们真诚地希望我们继续密切合作来促进我们的友好关系和保证我们经济、金融和贸易合作的持续增长。

17．On the occasion of this reception, I wish Mr.Major and all our Chinese friends present here tonight good health!Thank you!请允许我借此机会,祝愿市长先生和出席今晚招待会的的中国朋友们身体健

篇3：高级口译礼仪翻译用词

2010—2011年, 我在西南大学外国语学院攻读在职翻译专业硕士学位, 参加了两个暑假一个寒假约60天的集中学习面授课程, 亲身经历了不脱产学习的整个过程。每天课程都是满满的且没有周末, 整个集中授课过程被戏称为“魔鬼式”训练。不得不感慨西南大学外国语学院对在职硕士设置课程的严格与严谨, 至少我认为这打破了社会上传言“读在职硕士就是给钱发文凭”的偏见。以下两方面可以窥见其原因。

从培养方案上来看, 在职翻译硕士专业研究生与全日制翻译硕士专业研究生培养方式相似, 都采取学分制与学位论文 (或翻译项目报告) 并重的原则, 撰写学位论文 (或报告) 时间不少于一学期。而且各门翻译专业课程均要求我们进行大量的翻译实践, 两年学习时间内累计翻译实践至少应达到10万字。在职翻译硕士的学籍也纳入了研究生信息管理系统 (MIS) , 让我们感觉至少在形式上学校对待全日制学生与在职学生是一视同仁的。

从师资力量上来看, 专业课教师都是在各自的研究领域有知名度的专家教授。在职翻译硕士课程也让大家有机会亲耳聆听这些大师授课。我毕业于西南大学, 在本科时都很少有机会这么近距离地接触这些教授。所以觉得单是听这些教授们讲课, 攻读这个硕士学位也值得的。

二、高级口译课程训练技巧及总结

我感到自己除了在学习中确有收获之外, 还能站在更高的角度审视自身的不足之处。下面对高级口译课程的收获作一下总结, 以供大家交流借鉴之用。

一开始, 我以为专业方向是英汉笔译, 就单单是学习翻译理论和笔译实践就行了, 没想到学校还设置了口译课程, 当时就对此充满疑惑。谈到口译, 好像除了还记得大学时口译老师 (西南大学, 申劲松) 上课的情形外, 就没有什么其他的感觉了。直到学了研究生阶段的这门课程之后才有了新的认识。口译和笔译是密不可分的, 笔译不好的译员肯定做不好口译, 所以从另一个角度我们可以认为口译是笔译的高级阶段。讲授口译课程的晏奎教授有过许多口译实践经验, 所以他的课堂有血有肉, 更有说服力。让大家从深度上掌握提高口译实践的语言基本功和心理状态。

高级口译课程主要训练以交替传译为主, 辅助介绍同声传译。交替传译指讲话人说完一句话、一段话、甚至一整篇话后, 由译员在现场立即传译给听话人的口译方式, 也称即席翻译或连续翻译, 常见于正式会见、政治会谈、外交或商务谈判、记者招待会等正规场合。要求译员拥有良好的记忆、逻辑极强的概括、准确无误的表达、简单有效的笔记、灵敏快捷的反应等。训练的步骤为记忆能力、心理状态、口译笔记、数字口译、专题口译等。实际上我们主要接受最重要的一环的训练———记忆能力, 再贯穿自信心理因素的训练。

根据心理学原理, 人类记忆是脑对经历过的事物的反映, 一般分为瞬时记忆、短时记忆和长时记忆 (车文博, 1986:83) 。虽然只接受了三天的口译训练, 但实践证明短时记忆能力完全可以通过强迫性的训练而获得。每天大家都处于高度紧张的状态, 训练材料从中文到中文、英文到英文, 再从中文到英文、英文到中文, 从短短几句话逐渐增加到一段话, 难度也由浅入深, 从一般介绍文字到专业性的政府报告。由于在现场口译中, 译员要把讲话人所讲的内容准确详尽地用目的语表达出来, 而受时间和精力分配的制约, 译员笔记的内容只能是一些关键词, 至于怎样把整个讲话连贯地串起来, 则完全要靠译员的脑记而不是笔记。一名合格的译员, 必须要有出众的记忆力。值得注意的是, 记忆训练必须在笔记练习之前进行。我们往往习惯于过分依赖笔记而放弃心记的毛病, 从而造成口译笔记过细过详, 无法对“听入”进行有效的逻辑整理, 从而影响目的语地道、完整的表达, 使听众听到的是残缺不全而不是完整的信息, 从而导致口译质量的低劣和工作的失败。

接受的第二项训练是表达技巧, 这和心理因素有密不可分的联系。要成为一名优秀口译员, 在母语和外语两方面都必须具备较高素养。但除了语言的因素以外, 说话者的表情、身体姿态等可以伴随着语言表达出绝对不亚于语言的复杂的信息 (Fast, 1988:39) 。因此, 掌握适当演说。因此, 掌握适当演说技巧能使自己的口译更具有感染力, 从而增强口译效果。要努力做到吐字清晰准确、音量恰当、语调抑扬顿挫、声音悦耳和谐、节奏均匀流畅, 形成有声有色的语言转换。在日常的练习中, 老师严格要求大家练习用正常语调、最大音量清楚地说话, 要学会放松脸部肌肉并微笑, 保持自然, 并与观众进行目光的接触与交流, 从而表现自信, 提升观众对你的可信度。在说话时应注意讲话的节奏, 不能忽快忽慢。因为节奏适宜、音色优美的译员往往一开始就会给听众以好感。表达时力求准确达意、措辞恰当、内容完整、传神传情, 使交流双方达到真正沟通的目的。

接下来就是笔记训练。要全面完整地用目的语将对方的意思口译出来, 光靠短时记忆是不行的。大多数时候, 现场笔记对口译起着非常重要的作用。所以老师提到记笔记不要节约纸张, 字数少, 行数多, 每行的间距稍大一些, 便于眼睛的迅速捕捉, 一目数行。少字多意, 寥寥几个字便可以提示一个完整的意思。从理论上说, 用译语记录能够帮助译员摆脱源语的语言束缚, 使笔记成为表达的雏形, 为表达提供便利。但由于口译是瞬间的语言转换活动, 因此老师鼓励我们不必拘泥于理论, 可使用自己娴熟的语言, 捕捉住最先反映在脑子里的文字并快速记下。在训练过程中, 我的感觉是, 中文作为母语, 容易识记辨认, 使用起来比较简便。然而, 中文笔画偏多, 有些词语没有英语的缩略语写起来方便, 如“美元”不如$简便, “联合国”则没有UN简单。因此, 笔记的语言一般是英汉双语并用。在训练中, 要求口译笔记包括以下主要内容:第一, 那些能帮助大脑准确而少遗漏地将需要翻译的谈话内容记住的关键词和词语;第二, 听过以后容易遗忘的数字、年份及专有名词;第三, 表述内容的前因后果, 提示承上启下逻辑关系的关联词;第四, 双方交流中使用的精彩词、句和短语。这些都能有效帮助译员回忆讲话的内容。

在笔记中, 数字又最为重要。在口译中, 最困难的事情是遇到大量的数字。具体表现为汉英记数的习惯不同, 使用的基数单位不同, 表达方式也不同。如汉语中“万”以上数字分成十万、百万、千万、亿等四位一组的进位组合单位, 而英语却分成三位一组的进位组合单位。具体到最常见的汉英数字口译, 说到几千几百还好办, 一过万就容易出毛病。我们在训练中基本上是“闻数色变”, 数字口译已成为会议口译的“瓶颈”, 因此有必要进行针对性的转换训练。我摸索出适合自己的一套行之有效的数字速换法, 使数字记得又准又全, 换算又易又快。具体方法如下:

1) 摸清汉英数字表达的规律, 汉语有个、十、百、千、万、十万、百万、千万、亿, 而英语只有个、十、百、千、百万、十亿等单位。汉语中的“万”和“亿”在英语中找不到对应的表达法, “万”只能译作ten thousand;“十万”译作one

hundred thousand;“亿”译作hundred million。

2) 熟练掌握汉、英基本数字的读法。

3) 了解汉语数字表达方法是从右至左每四个分成一组, 如1890, 3567, 0250;英语数字表达方法则是从右至左每三个分成一节, 如189, 035, 670, 250。

4) 听到数字, 汉译英时, 忽略“万”和“亿”等单位, 把各位数字迅速准确地记下, 再按英语数字进位规律从右至左每三个分成一节, 如189, 035, 670, 250;这样, 在翻译时只需照着逗号所提示的英语数字表达习惯读出, 即one

hundred and eighty-nine billion, thirty-five million, six hundred and seventy thousand, two hundred and fifty。而英译汉时, 则不管billion, million, thousand等单位, 把各位数字迅

速准确地记下, 按汉语数字进位规律从右至左每四个分成一节, 如1890, 3567, 0250;再按着逗号所分的三组用汉语数字表达习惯读出, 即1890亿, 3567万, 零250。

再就是专题训练, 讲授完交替传译的基本技巧, 对各个技巧进行一定量的训练以后, 晏奎教授给我们观看了各种题材的模拟会议口译视频, 内容源于各种主题会议, 覆盖面广、实战性强, 如教育体制、全球变暖、经济发展等。模拟口译形式多样, 有记者采访、新闻发布、致词、演讲等。使我们的语言能力在短时间内得到突破性的提高。

虽然集中上课时间很短, 但是兼有“学生”和“教师”双重身份的在职学生具有特殊性, 对知识的渴求更多, 更能理解和珍惜老师的严格要求。因为一些客观原因, 在职学生往往不如全日制学生学得扎实, 但想提升自我的心情是一样的。当然技巧可以短时间突破, 但是训练需要持之以恒。教授们只是起抛砖引玉的作用, 接下来还要靠学员自己努力。

参考文献

[1]车文博.心理学原理[M].黑龙江:黑龙江人民出版社, 1986.

[2]Fast Julius.Body Language[M].云南:云南人民出版社, 1988.

篇4：高级口译礼仪翻译用词

真题(汉译英)

原文：

中华文明历来注重亲仁善邻，讲求和睦相处。中华民族历来爱好和平。中国人在对外关系中始终秉承“强不执弱”、“富不侮贫”的精神，主张“协和万邦”。中国人提倡“海纳百川、有容乃大”，主张吸纳百家优长、兼集八方精义。

今天，中国通过维护世界和平来发展自己，又通过自身的发展来促进世界和平。中国坚持实施互利共赢的对外开放战略，真诚愿意同各国广泛开展合作，真诚愿意兼收并蓄、博采各种文明之长，以合作谋和平、以合作促发展，推动建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。

译文：

The Chinese civilization has always given prominence to good neighborliness. The Chinese nation cherishes peace. In foreign relations, the Chinese have always believed that “the strong should not oppress the weak and the rich should not bully the poor” and advocated that “all nations live side by side in perfect harmony”. The Chinese held that “one should be as inclusive as the ocean, which is vast because it admits hundreds of rivers” and called for drawing upon the strength of others.

Today, China seeks to accelerate its development by upholding world peace. World peace is, in turn, enhanced by China’s development. China firmly pursues a strategy of opening-up for mutual benefits. It genuinely wishes to enter into extensive cooperation with other countries. It is inclusive and is eager to draw on the strength of other civilizations to pursue peace and development through cooperation and play its part in building a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.

出题规律

今年的汉译英题目难度同往年相当，题目来源和近几年的出题模式类似，都是来源于口译案例。中级和高级口译笔试的汉译英题目皆选自胡锦涛在耶鲁大学的演讲。综合这几年的笔试翻译与口试口译题目，我们不难发现它们均出自近年来领导的相关发言，相对比较容易的部分会在口试阶段的口译题中出现，较难部分会出现在笔试中，所以经常研读演讲实例会对考试大有裨益。例如演讲材料中出现的四字结构成分，比如莘莘学子、青春洋溢、书香浓郁等等，以及一些引语如强不执弱、富不侮贫、协和万邦、海纳百川，有容乃大、兼收并蓄等等，很有可能会纳入笔试的范畴。可见，考生在复习过程中可以遵循这个规则有针对性地进行复习。

阅卷人总体体会

从总体阅卷规则上看，虽然阅卷人在批改汉译英试卷时都有参考答案，但只要考生给出的答案意思正确、表达清楚都能拿到及格分；但是若出现有一两处低级错误如：把taught拼写成teached，把I have写成I has则无法拿到及格分，因此避免硬伤是考生们需要重点注意的。由于本次考试的题目仍存在一定难度，加之时间紧迫，能够拿到40分或以上(这部分满分50)的同学是凤毛麟角。作为阅卷人，笔者想说说自己以下几点体会：

1、句子结构很重要，词语搭配(collocation)是关键。有的同学在翻译时使用了很难的词汇，但却无法保持句子的通顺，照样难以及格。要想做到用词准确，必须靠平常日积月累，背诵一些好短语和固定搭配比死记硬背单个的难词更有价值。

2、多关心时事，扩大知识面，尤其是要掌握演讲中专有名词的表示方法，例如中外名校校名的正确写法，各大中外会议名称等等。

3、翻译完成后自己还要再通读一遍，尽量避免语法错误(因为很多错误是可以检查出来并加以更正的)，减少失分的概率。

4、不要把过多的精力放在难句上，相反地，应该把注意力放在容易的句子上，保证翻译正确和得分率。

口译翻译试题难点

◆ 汉译英部分

难点一：文言及四字(成)语翻译

高级口译的汉译英部分始终秉承一个原则：不乏文言色彩与四字成语，并以此来体现高级口译与中级口译的区别，这也是我们通常所说的高级口译中的难点之一。其实interpretation(口译)这个词的原意就是解释，与“本次活动的最终解释权归某某公司所有”里的“解释”意思一样。但是在汉译英中，我们经常先要把需翻译的句子进行解释，然后再翻译，所以interpretation就引申为口译的意思。简言之，对汉译英来讲，interpretation就是先用中文来解释中文，然后把解释好的中文翻译成英文。

四字成语的翻译最能体现“口译”中的转换特点，乍看上去成语工工整整，意思深邃，其实只要把原意用简单的中文先解释出来，英文翻译也就迎刃而解了。比如，“亲仁善邻”——亲切、仁慈、好的邻里关系——cordiality、benevolence、good neighborliness；“协和万邦”——跟别的国家处在和睦的关系当中——living in harmony with others；“博采”——学习(别人的长处)，利用——draw on等等。有些表达在新东方课堂上老师也强调过，比如“海纳百川，有容乃大”——One should be as inclusive as the ocean, which is vast because it admits hundreds of rivers.

对文言类和类似成语的四字语翻译近年来成了口译考试的热点，考生在作答时脑子应该转一个弯——增加一个中间步骤——解释。比如：车水马龙——繁忙的交通——heavy traffic，风马牛不相及——毫不相关——totally unrelated，绰绰有余——比足够的还多——more than sufficient，丰功伟绩——伟大的功绩——great achievements (and contributions)等等。

难点二：近义词与词组

这次高级口译的另一个难点是有较多的近义词或词组，比如：注重、讲求、主张、提倡等等。这就需要考生有足够的同义词语积累，这些词最好不要重复使用。比如前文用了put emphasis on，后面就最好换成lay stress upon。

八大经典错误

除了一些难点之外，很多高级口译考生对最基本的表达甚至词的拼写掌握度不够。比如以下“八大错误”：

搭配问题：例如：stimulate / enhance / push / defend world peace，有些不能说完全错误，但有地道的safeguard world peace为什么还要用别的表达来冒险呢？又如 never defeat the weak(永远都不要打败弱者，给人的感觉好像是比赛、竞争或打仗中一定要让着弱小者，让他们赢的意思)等等，这些不精确的表达最好不要在口译中出现。

用词不当：例如：big chest / stomach, those with great “chests”, we will have a broad breast(考生想表达的意思是：博大的胸怀)，pay more attention to(注重，但不知道为什么用more)，collaboration(一般用cooperation，因为collaboration偏向的含义是相互依赖式的合作，没了对方就不行)。

词性模糊：例如：prosperity (prosperous) world，pursuit (pursue) a strategy of，weakers or weaks (the weak)，closing (close) to neighboring countries等等，这些要求考生在平时记背单词时就必须注意。

指代不一致：例如：Chinese people... they argue we should..., Not only does she develop itself.这样的错误。

语气不合适：We Chinese... (老外一听第一感觉就是：你们中国人了不起啊？——曾经一个外教在演讲赛上的评语)，所以避免用这样的语气做翻译或写作文。

拼写错误：类似sinsere、sincelly、mutul、mutural、mutral、ourself、contry、sprit、builting、peacement、persuit、coperate……一看就知道考生想写哪个词，但这些最基本的口译词汇都不会拼写，实在需要扪心自问。

紧张时串词：corporation(cooperation)，advocate abortion(absorption) of，getting alone (along) with，attract (attack) the weak等等，这些问题还是由于平时练习不精导致的。

拼命用大词：倾向于使用quintessence、vehemently、infringe这样的词语，认为词越复杂越生僻越好，其实完全没有必要。

◆ 英译汉部分

高级口译中的英译汉首先考查阅读能力，然后再考翻译能力。其实稍懂翻译规则的考生都知道，只要句子能看得懂，翻译就不难，若是看懂了译不出来是因为胆子不够大，做了语言的奴隶，总觉得组织不好，生怕把原来的英语句子语序改掉了(其实就应该大胆地改，只要意思一样)。

难点一：词汇

词汇看不懂对翻译来说比较麻烦，但导致考生失分的往往不是最难的词(最难的词一般只会出现在阅读里)，而是明明可以通过联想翻译出来的词。例如：aground——乍一看，完了，没学过；但仔细一看，ground前面加了个a，就像sleep前面加了个a一样 (类似的还有ashore、apart等)，把名词改成了形容词，也就是“到地上了”的意思，就不难联想到“搁浅”。又如：resurface——考生肯定知道surface的名词意为表面，做动词意为出现、浮出表面，所以在surface前加上re，就是重新(再次)出现的意思，因为此题属于政策类题材，所以resurface在此表示重新出台的意思。另外，高级口译英译汉中重点考查的词汇其实大多都在四级范围以内，例如：draft、make any sense、provided for、make a fuss等等。但平时对四级词汇不熟悉或是专注于背“大词”的考生往往会对这些简单的词汇把握不准，这样一来如此简单的词汇也变得艰涩了。因此笔者在此建议大家，考试前一定要把四级词汇过上一两遍，掌握基础词汇。

还有一点值得考生注意的是，高级口译与中级口译相比，还难在前者会冷不丁地出现一些文化、历史、政治、宗教类的词汇，比如Amendment(修正案)、Enlightenment(启蒙运动)、Renaissance(文艺复兴)等，这就迫切需要考生对各方面知识都有全面把握。

难点二：结构

至于结构，通常许多考生不敢大胆处理，认定要按照原英文的语序进行翻译，于是被其牵着鼻子走。但是在本次英译汉考试中，基本没有出现需要大改语序的地方，因此在这一点上考生失分不多。

篇5：高级口译礼仪翻译用词

UNIT TWO A CEREMONIAL SPEECH TEXT PASSAGE ONE 汉译英：

1．副总统阁下，威廉斯夫人：贵宾们：女士们，先生们：

Your Excellency Vice President and Mrs.Williams, Our distinguished guests, Ladies and Gentlemen: 2．我为能在此设宴招待威廉斯副总统和夫人以及其他贵宾而深感荣幸和愉

快。

It is my privilege and great pleasure to host this banquet in honor of Vice President and Mrs.Williams and other distinguished guests.3．愿借此机会向各位来宾表示热烈的欢迎。

I would avail myself this opportunity to extent my warm welcome to you all.4．我的心情可以引用孔子在论语中的一句话来表示：有朋自远方来，不亦

乐乎？

A remark the Analects of Confucius best expressed what I feel now, ”It is such a

delight that I have friends visiting from afar.”

5．显而易见，威廉斯副总统的这次访问表明了阁下愿意继续推进我们两国

之间友好合作关系的决心。

Evidently, Vice President Williams’ current visit has demonstrated his

Excellency’s determination to further enhance the friendly and cooperative relations between our two countries.6．我深信，两国高层领导人之间的频繁互访，不仅有助于我们两国之间关

系的改善，而且还有助于亚太地区，乃至整个世界的和平和稳定。I am deeply convinced that frequent exchanges of visits between the top government officials of the two countries are beneficial not only to the improvement of our relationships, but also to the peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region and the world as a whole.7．我们两国建交以来的这些年里，我们在政治、经济、贸易、文化、教

育、科技、卫生等领域里进行了真诚的、卓有成效的合作。

Over the years since the establishment of the diplomatic relationship between our two countries, we have carried out sincere and rewarding cooperation in political, economic, trade, cultural, educational, scientific and technological, public health and other fields.8．值得一提的是，自从我们两国总理互访以来，我们在近海石油勘探和汽

车工业方面的合作进展神速。

In particular, our cooperation in off-shore and automobile industry have been advancing rapidly ever since the exchange of visit between your Prime Minister and our Premier.9．我们对这些领域里取得的成就深感满意，并愿意与贵国政府和人民一起

继续努力，将我们的合作关系推向一个新的高度。We are very satisfied with the development in these areas, and willing to make further efforts with your government and people to push these cooperative relations to a new height.10．当前中国正在全国范围内进行着一次前所未有的经济改革。

Currently, China is engaged in a national drive for an unprecedented economic reform.11．如果我们没有社会与政治稳定的国内环境，没有和平与发展的国际环

境，没有中外经济与合作，我们的这次重大改革是不可能奏效的。

It would not be possible for this grand reform program to yield successful results if China deprived of domestic socio-political stability, of an international environment of peace and development, and of economic and technical cooperation between China and other countries.12．谋求持久的世界和平和全球经济繁荣是我们的共同愿望。

It is our common wish to seek sustained world peace and global economic prosperity.13．正是本着维护世界和平、保证共同发展与繁荣的精神，我们制定了现行的外交政策和经贸政策，发展与各国的关系。

It is in the spirit of safeguarding world peace and ensuring mutual development and prosperity that we have made our current foreigh policies, as well as economics and trade policies, and wish to promote our relations with any other countries.14．我们很高兴地看到，贵国一贯奉行谋求世界和平的政策，在过去的是年

中始终与我们保持着良好的贸易伙伴关系。

We are very pleased that your country is in persistent pursuit of a world peace policy and has remained a decade-old trading partner of China.15．我期待着与威廉斯副总统就双边关系的发展，以及亚太地区和我们共同

关心的其他一些国际问题举行会谈。

I am looking forward to holding talks with you on the development of bilateral relations, as well as on the Asia-Pacific region and other international issues of common interest.16．在我结束讲话之际，我请各位与我一起举杯，In closing, I would like you to join me in a toast，17．祝威廉斯副总统和夫人的身体健康，To the health of Vice President and Mrs.Williams, 18．祝所有贵宾们的身体健康，To the health of all our distinguished guests, 19．祝我们两国之间持久的友谊与合作，To the lasting friendship and cooperation between our two countries 20．为世界和平和繁荣，To the peace and prosperity of the world, 21．干杯！Cheers!PASSAGE TWO 英译汉： 1．our Honor Mr.Mayor, My Chinese friends, Ladies and Gentlemen: 市长阁下先生，中国朋友们，女士们先生们：

2．I feel honored to come here on my first visit to your beautiful city.这是我首次来到你们这座美丽的城市。

3．On behalf of all the members of my mission, I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation and gracious hospitality we have received since we set foot on this charming land.我愿借此机会，代表我们代表团的全体成员，对我们东道主的诚挚邀请，对

我们一踏上这块充满魅力的土地便受到的友好款待，表示真诚的感谢。4．I am also very happy that this visit has given me an excellent opportunity to convey to you and to the people of Shanghai warm greetings and sincere good wishes of the government and people of my country.与此同时，我很高兴这次访问给予我一次极好的机会，向市长先生和上海人

民转达我国政府和人民的热烈问候和诚挚的良好祝愿。

5．Although we live with a distance of tens of thousands miles between us, “Long distance separates no bosom friends,” as one of your Tang poets said.尽管我们远隔万里，但贵国一位唐朝诗人说得好：“海内存知己，天涯若比

邻。”

6．The who world is watching with great interest the remarkable changes that a taking place in China particularly in Shanghai.整个世界都以极大的兴趣注视着中国，尤其是注视着上海，正在发生的巨

变。

7．This is a country with the fastest growing economy in the world.这是世界上经济增长最快的国家。

8．China’s rise as one of the strongest economic powers in the Asian-Pacific region has attracted a growing number of business and finacial giants in our country to invest in China, particularly to invest in a number of long-term projects in Shanghai and its surrounding areas.中国迅速崛起为亚太地区最具有实力的经济强国之一，吸引了我国越来越多的商业和金融巨头来华投资。特别是在上海和周边地区长期项目的投资。9．Over the last few year, there has never been any place other than Pudong that holds so much attraction for our people in the business community.在过去的几年里，从来没有任何一个地方象浦东一样对我们商业界产生如此

之大的吸引力。

10．It is with this awareness that we have come here to seek better ways of promoting our economic and financial cooperation.基于这个考虑，我们来到这里寻求更好的途径来促进我们经济和金融的合作。

11．One of the objectives of my mission is to sign our Investment Protection Agreement.我此行的任务目的之一是签署我们的投资保护协议。

12．I am also seeking possibilities of establishing, through partnership with our Chinese colleagues, consultancy services for transnational corporations in Shanghai.同时，我也希望同我们中国同行携手建立在以上海的跨国公司为对象的咨询

服务机构，所以我此行的另一目的就是想了解 一下这一计划的可行性。13．Last but not the least, I would like to extend in person our official invitation to the mayor of Shanghai.最后，我此行的又一项重要的任务是向上海市长面呈访问我市的正式邀请。14．We would like His Honor to visit the city of San Francisco at his earliest convenience, so as to give us an opportunity to return the warm reception and hospitality we enjoy here.我希望市长阁下在其方便的时候访问旧金山市，以便使我们有机会回报在这

里受到的热情款待。

15．I greatly cherish the close relationship between our two cities.我非常珍惜我们两个城市之间的密切关系。

16．I also greatly value the position we enjoy as one of your most important trading partners.我也非常重视作为你们最重要的贸易伙伴之一所享有的地位。

17．In spite of the worldwide economic recession in recent years, there has been a steady growth in our economic cooperation and trade volume.尽管近几年来全球经济萧条，我们之间的经济合作和贸易额仍然在稳步增

长。

18．It is our sincere wish that we continue to work closely together to enhance our friendly relationship and to ensure a sustained growth in our economic, financial and trade cooperation.我们真诚地希望我们继续密切合作来促进我们的友好关系和保证我们经济、金融和贸易合作的持续增长。

17．On the occasion of this reception, I wish Mr.Major and all our Chinese friends present here tonight good health!Thank you!请允许我借此机会,祝愿市长先生和出席今晚招待会的的中国朋友们身体健

康。谢谢。

TEXT FOR PRACTICE PASSAGE ONE 英译汉：

1．It is with great pleasure that I extend a warm welcome to the Chinese Provincial Trade Delegation.我怀着十分愉快的心情向中国地方贸易代表团表示热烈的欢迎。

2．I am very happy that you are here to attend the opening ceremony of the Canadian Industrial Exhibition.我十分高兴你们参加加拿大工业展会的开幕式。

3．I would like to take this opportunity to convey to our Chinese guests the warm greetings from the Canadian Chamber of Commerce.我愿借此机会向我们的中国客人转达加拿大商会的热烈问候。

4．This exhibition is a display of recent industrial achievements in Canada, as well as a showplace of our high-tech advances in such areas as aviation, machine tool, electronics, coal mining, power generation equipment, off-shore oil exploration, automobiles, covering all sections of Canadian industry.这次展会展示的是加拿大近年来工业成果，同时也是反映加拿大工业界搞科

技进步的一个窗口。展出的科技成果涉及了各个行业，例如：航空、机床制

造、电子、煤矿开采、发电设备、近海石油勘探、汽车等产业。5．I am very proud that some of the exhibits are the products from some Canadian-Chinese joint ventures.我对展品中的一些是加中合资企业的产品感到十分自豪。

6．Although these products are a mere fraction of all our exhibits, they mark the arrival of a new era of the economic and scientific and technological cooperation between our two great nations.虽然这些产品是我们展品中很少的一部分，但是他们标志着我们两个伟大民

族经济、科学和技术合作的新时代的到来。7．Our cooperation is one of great promise.我们的合作前景十分广阔。

8．As you know, “A good beginning is half the battle.”

众所周知：“好的开始是成功的一半。”

9．In addition, we are staging business and trade discussions with major Canadian companies.此外，我们正和主要的加拿大公司商业和贸易洽谈。

10．The interested parties may schedule time for business or technical talks with them.有意参加者可以预定时间，和他们进行商务和技术会谈。

11．The Chinese Provincial Trade Delegation is the largest visiting group to attend our exhibition and I wish my Chinese friends a most rewarding visit.中国地方代表团是此次参加我们展会的最大的访问团体,我希望我的中国朋

友们在参观期间取得丰硕的成果。PASSAGE TWO 汉译英: 1．主席先生，女士们，先生们： Mr.Chairmen, Ladies and Gentlemen: 2．我非常荣幸的宣布，知识产权北京会议现在开幕。

It is my great honor to declare the commencement of Beijing International Conference on Intellectual Property Rights.3．我代表中国政府和人民，并以我个人的名义，向所有与会代表和来宾表

示热烈的欢迎。

On behalf of the Chinese Government and people, and in my own name, I would like to extend my warm welcome to all the delegates and guests.4．我祝贺这次会议在北京胜利召开。

I would also like to express my congratulations on the successful opening of the conference in Beijing.5．会议组委会的全体成员为这次会议的成功召开付出了辛勤的劳动，我谨

向他们表示感谢。

I wish to thank all the members of the organizing committee for their hard work, which has made this conference possible.6．侵犯知识产权是当今世界面临的一个严重的问题。The violation of intellectual property rights has become a serious problem facing the world today.7．仅以计算机软件行业为例，每年世界各地的疯狂盗版行为使这一行业蒙

受了巨大的经济损失，进而迫使软件制作人和厂商提高软件的售价，将部分

损失转嫁给了诚实使用软件的顾客。

Every year, for example, the computer software industry throughout the world suffers a heavy financial loss for world-wide reckless piracy, a loss which consequently compels the programmers and the manufacturers of published software to raise the retail prices, thus shifting part of their loss to honest users.8．保护知识产权成了世界各国日益关切的问题。

The protection of intellectual property rights has become a growing concern among all the nations of the international community.9．参加本次会议的各国代表都希望能携手合作，共同打击侵权行为，遏制

盗版恶流的蔓延。

The participating countries at this conference have expressed their hope for joint efforts to fight the violation of the copyrighted property and stop the wicked spread of piracy.10．我深信这次会议将达成一项保护知识产权的协定。

I am convinced that this conference will reach an agreement of intellectual property rights.11．我预祝大会圆满成功。

I wish the conference a complete success!PASSAGE THREE 汉译英：

1．尊敬的主席阁下，各位代表，女士们，先生们，Respectable Madam Chairperson, Representatives of the Conference, Ladies and Gentlemen: 2．在这个美丽无比的金秋季节，我们在北京迎来了第四届世娥妇女大会的召开。这是一次世界历史上规模空前的妇女大会，也是世界历史上最重要的国际会议之一。

In this most beautiful autumn season, we welcome in Beijing the opening of the fourth World Conference on Women, the largest and one of the most important international meetings of its kind in world history.3．联合国 185 个成员国的代表、联合国组织和个区域性国际组织的代表，以及 2000 多个非政府组织的代表再次聚会，她们将庄严宣誓，要迅速采取

行动，消除歧视妇女的现象，使妇女能够尽快与男子一起创造和分享 21 世

纪的和平与繁荣。

Representatives from 185 UN member states, from the United Nations and international organizations of various regions, as well as from over 2000 non-governmental groups, gather together to make a solemn promise that they will take rapidly action to eliminate discrimination against women, so that they can quickly join with men to create and share peace and prosperity of the 21th century.4．男女平等实属天经地义。

Equality between men and women is fully justified.5．早在人类社会的初期，妇女便与男子一期建设家园，分享野果和战利

品，抚养后代。

Back in the early days of human history, women and men jointly built their homelands, shared wild fruits and trophies and brought up the younger generation.6．然而，千百年来妇女被剥夺了与男子平等相待的基本权利，无尊严可

言，失去了决定国家和家庭事务的权利。

However, for many centuries women were denied the basic right to equality with men, and deprived of their dignity and the decision-making power over affairs of the state and of the family.7．多少年来，这个世界一直处于男性的统治之下。The world has long been under control of men.8．妇女不幸沦为二等公民，她们往往成了歧视、暴力和羞辱的对象。

Regarded unfortunately as second-class citizens, women are frequently subject to discrimination, violence and humiliation.9．但是，事情总会恢复它的本来面目。

However, things will eventually return to their original nature.10．今天，男女平等在国际社会中被普遍视为一种人权，并已写入联合国宪

章。

Today, equality between men and women is generally recognized as a basic human right by the international community and has been written into the Charter of the United Nations.11．在过去的半个世纪里，世界各地有良知的男子和有勇气的女性一起付出

了巨大的努力，在很大程度上成功地使占人口半数的妇女重新获得了享有与

男子同等的权利。

Over the past half century, intuitive men and courageous women across the world have made tremendous efforts and, to a large extent, successfully in enabling females, who make up half of humanity, to regain equal rights with men.12．我们寄希望于本届世妇女会，这是因为它将来采取更为有效的步骤来加

速提高世界各地妇女地位的进程，使全世界男男女女能作为平等的伙伴共同

步入 21 世纪。

We place our hope on the current World Conference on Women because it will take more effective steps to speed up the process of enhancing the status of women worldwide, so that men and women across the world will enter the 21st century in equal partnership.13．我们寄希望于本届妇女会，这是因为我们相信这次会议将促进各国之

间，尤其是妇女姐妹之间的相互理解和友好交流，使世界各国也能以伙伴关

系平等相待。

We place the hope on the current World Conference on Women because we are convinced this conference will promote mutual understanding and friendly exchanges between various nations, particularly between women, so that countries around world will also share the partnership.PASSAGE FOUR 英汉双向交互译：

1．1 月 17 日中美终于在谈判的最后一刻在北京达成了一项纺织品贸易双边 协定，从而避免了一场可能发生的贸易战。

China and United States averted a potential trade war by coming to a last minute agreement on bilateral textile trade in Beijing on January 17th.2．经过三天共 11 个小时的激烈谈判，双方签署了一项谅解备忘录。After 11 hours of intense negotiations over a three-day period, the memorandum of understanding(MOU)was signed.3．美方首席贸易谈判代表詹妮弗·希尔曼和中国对外贸易经济合作部部长吴

仪出席了签字仪式，并发表了讲话。

Jennifer Hillman, chief US trade negotiator, and Wu Yi, Minister of China’s Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, attended and spoke at the signing ceremony.4．Hillman: China is the largest exporter of textile to the United States.希尔曼：中国是美国最大的纺织品进口国。

5．The new agreement is a positive sign of our cooperative bilateral relations.这项新协定的大城是我们两国之间有着合作双边关系的积极象征。6．I believe this agreement will ensure the steady growth of Chinese textile exports to my country.我相信这项协议将使中国出口到我国的纺织品得以稳步增长。7．吴仪：这项协议的达成将为美国财政部长劳埃德·本森率团访华，为中国

副总理兼外交部长钱其琛与美国国务卿沃伦·克里斯托弗即将在巴黎的会

晤，营造一种积极的气氛。

The conclusion of this agreement will create a positive atmosphere for the China tour led by US Treasure Secretary Lloyd Benson and the upcoming meeting between China Vice-Premier and Foreign Minister Qian Qichen and US Secretary of State Warren Christopher in Paris.8．中美两国经济上存在着一种互补关系。

China and United States are economically complementary.9． 美国的资本、技术和设备有助于中国的现代化建设，而中国潜在的巨大

市场以及丰富的人力资源对美国经济也有重要意义。

US capital, technology and equipment are conductive to China’s modernization

篇6：高级口译真题翻译部分答案及讲评

① The line of demarcation between the adult and the child world is drawn in many ways.译文：成人与儿童世界的划分是多方面的。// 划分成人与儿童世界有很多方式。

考点： 转态译法：主被交换

② For instance, many American parents may be totally divorced from the church, or entertain grave doubts about the existence of God, but they send their children to Sunday school and help them to pray.译文：例如 / 比方说，许多美国家长可能跟教会毫无瓜葛 / 不信教，对上帝是否存在也不置可否 / 深表怀疑，然而他们却把孩子们送去主日学校（灌输宗教思想），并帮助他们祷告。

考点： 正反译法： be totally divorced from → 脱离（正译）

→与……毫无瓜葛

entertain grave doubt about →深表怀疑（正译）

→对……不置可否（反译）

divorce: separate sth from sth in a wrong way.使脱离

may →可能

抽象译法： church →教会

转态译法：省略被动词： be totally divorced from → 脱离

entertain: hold sth in the mind or feelings 持有；抱着；怀有

eg.entertain ideas, doubts, etc.持有想法；感到怀疑

名词词组译为分句： the existence of God →上帝是否存在Sunday school → 主日学校：通常与教堂或犹太教堂有紧密联系的学校，在星期日对儿童进行宗教教育。

③ American parents struggle in a competitive world where sheer cunning and falsehood are often rewarded and respected, but they feed their children with nursery tales(in which the morally good is pitted against the bad, and in the end the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished).译文：美国家长在一个尔虞我诈备受推崇的竞争世界中努力打拼，却用童话故事敷衍 / 搪塞孩子们，故事 / 从中讲述正义与邪恶作斗争，最终总是善有善报、恶有恶报 / 正义取得胜利而邪恶受到惩罚。

考点： 具体译法：成语法： sheer cunning and falsehood → 尔虞我诈

转态译法：省略被动词： are often rewarded and respected → 备受推崇

is pitted →作斗争

the bad inevitably punished → 邪恶受到惩罚

定语从句的翻译：省略法/重复法

转性译法：形容词→名词 the good→ 正义 the bad→ 邪恶

形容词 →动词 the good inevitably is successful→ 善有善报；正义取得胜利

合词译法： rewarded and respected→ 备受推崇

nursery tale: fairy tale 童话故事

④ When American parents are in serious domestic trouble, they maintain a front of sweetness and light before their children.译文：如果美国夫妻闹矛盾 / 在美国，夫妻失和时，他们在孩子面前却是一副其乐融融的样子。

考点： front: ⑴ out-ward appearance or show, esp.of the specified type 外表；样子；模样

put on/show/present a bold front → 装出大胆的样子

eg.Her rudeness is just a front for her shyness.她的粗暴只不过是掩盖她的怯懦而已。

⑵ a front for sth : something that serves to hide an illegal or a secret activity 幌子

eg.The jewellery firm is just a front for their illegal trade in diamonds.珠宝商店正是他们进行钻石非法交易的庇护所。

⑶（常与形容词或名词连用）领域；界 on the domestic, financial, education, etc.front 在家庭（财政、教育）领域

合词译法： sweetness and light →其乐融融；和蔼可亲

转性译法：名词→形容词 sweetness and light →其乐融融；和蔼可亲

⑤ Even if American parents suffer a major business or personal catastrophe, they feel obliged to turn to their children and say,” Honey, everything is going to be all right.”

译文：即便美国家长在生意场或日常生活中遭受沉重打击 / 一败涂地，他们也会义无反顾地对孩子们说：“亲爱的 / 宝贝，一切将会好起来的。”

考点： catastrophe: a complete failure;a fiasco: 大败；彻底的失败；惨败

（同）： disaster, calamity, cataclysm, blow, reverse, misfortune, affliction, adversity, tragedy, mishap, fiasco, flop（反）： triumph

⑥ This American desire to keep the children’s world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.译文一：如果父母在事故中丧生，人们总是晚些时候才告诉孩子们，这一点也证实了美国人想把儿童的世界和成人的世界隔离开的愿望。

译文二：美国人想把儿童和成人的世界划清界限，这一愿望还反映在以下事实：如果父母在事故中丧生，人们总是设法晚点将消息告诉他们的子女。

考点： 换序译法：宾语先行，主语置后。

转性译法：形容词→动词 separate →隔离；划清界线

名词→副词 practice →总是

转态译法：主被交换： is exemplified also by → 这一点也证实了

省略被动词： have been killed →丧生

exemplify（同）： illustrate, show, instance, demonstrate, exhibit, manifest, represent, embody

⑦ Thus, in summary, American parents face a world of reality while many of their children live in a near-ideal unreal realm where the rules of the parental world do not apply, are watered down, or are even reversed.译文：总而言之，美国父母们面对着现实的世界，而他们的子女却活在近乎完美 / 理想化的虚幻世界，在这个世界中，父母生活的世界中的规则统统不适用，而且规则的执行是要打折扣的 // 而且不可能完全执行，甚至两者背道而驰。

考点： 正反译法： unreal →不真实（正译）

→虚幻（反译）

watered down →打折扣（正译）

→不可能完全执行（反译）

water down: to reduce the strength or effectiveness of:

削弱：削减了…的力量或效力：