法律顾问合同英文

2024-05-07

法律顾问合同英文（通用6篇）

篇1：法律顾问合同英文

LEGAL SERVICES RETAINER AGREEMENT

READ THIS AGREEMENT CAREFULLY BEFORE SIGNING.Once signed, the parties to this Agreement will be bound by its terms and conditions.The parties are advised that they should make sure they understand the Agreement before signing.Because the practice of law can be complex, this Agreement cannot completely disclose every interpretation of legal concepts.By signing, the parties indicate that they agree to the terms of the Agreement.PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT: This Agreement is entered into by and between Huayuan Minxin Law Firm(hereinafter “Huayuan Minxin”)and Fleet Street, Ltd.Suzhou Representative Office in China(hereinafter “Client”)on this 15th day of September, 2011, Changshu, Jiangsu, China.Article 1 Attorneys As requested by the Client, Huayuan Minxin shall designate Attorneys Mao Zhengjiang and Stanley Times to act as the legal counsels of the Client(hereinafter referred to as the “Legal Counsel”).If necessary, Huayuan Minxin may designate other attorneys under its employment as supplemental or substitute attorneys with prior written consent of the Client.Nothing contained herein shall be construed as creating the relationship of employer and employee between Huayuan Minxin/Legal Counsel and the Client.Huayuan Minxin shall be deemed at any and all times to be an independent contractor.Article 2 Services to Be Provided by Huayuan Minxin Attorney will provide the following Legal Services to the Client: Ⅰ.Non-litigation affairs A.Provide regular legal advice for the business operation and management of the Client: 1.Answer questions on legal issues of the Client, and upon the Client’s request issue “Legal Opinion Letter”.2.Provide legal advice on the issues relating to the production, operation and management of the Client.3.In general, Law Firm shall response with answer to the Client’s questions within 24 hours;as for complex and significant legal issues, Law Firm shall response with answer to the Client’s questions within 60 hours.B．Provide legal advice related to internal management.1.Attend the Client’s internal meetings and provide related legal suggestions if requested.2.Establish, modify or review the internal management system, labor contract, and relevant training contract and non-disclosure agreements for the Client;3.Offer written and oral initial legal opinion or advice on commercial plans or financing plans of the Client.C.Take part in the negotiations between the Client and its customers if requested: 1.Participate in commercial negotiations upon the Client’s request.2.Attend meetings with the Client or third parties on behalf of the Client.D.Draft, review or modify contracts and other legal documents in relation to the business operation and management of the Client.E.Provide legal training courses for the employees of the Client upon request;for this the Client shall give a 7 days prior notice to the Promise.F.Assist and arrange the Client to communicate with the relevant departments of the government on the issues relating to the production, operation and management of the Client.G.Offer legal opinion or advice on the protection of intellectual property rights of the Client, including but not limited to patent right, trademark right, copyright, trade secret and franchise.H.Issue “Lawyer’s Letter” to third parties on the issues relating to the production, operation and management of the Client, and respond to Lawyer’s letters issued by third parties.Ⅱ.Arbitration and/or litigation affairs A.Research the cases and elaborate the handling strategies.B.Draft relevant legal documents for arbitration and/or litigation.C.Appear in court on behalf of the Client.It is agreed that the precise listing of Legal Services to be provided sometimes cannot be made.What Legal Services Attorney will provide will be determined by the usual business practices of the legal community of Suzhou, Jiangsu.Article 3 Term of this Agreement This Agreement shall be effective from the date when it is duly executed by both parties and shall remain effective for one(1)year(hereinafter referred to as “Initial Period”).This Agreement will automatically expire on the last day of this Initial Period without any further written notice.After the expiation of Initial Period, this Agreement can be renewed annually upon agreement between the parties.In any case, any extension of present Agreement will be subject to a separate new written agreement.Article 4 Fees for Services

For the Legal Services as listed in Part Ⅰ of Article 2 hereof, the Client shall pay Law Firm a total service fee of Twenty Thousand RMB(￥20,000).The Client shall pay the Huayuan Minxin Five Thousand RMB(￥5,000)within on Sep.15, 2011as down payment, pay Seven Thousand and five hundred RMB(￥7,500)on Oct.15, 2011, and pay Seven Thousand and five hundred RMB(￥7,500)RMB on Nov.15, 2011.The costs for arbitration and litigation affairs will be directly paid by the Client;while Huayuan Minxin shall give the Client 20% discounts on its customary charges for the Legal Services as listed in Part II of Article 2 hereof.Such Legal Services will be invoiced at the end of the month during which they have been performed and payable 15 days before the date of invoice.Article 5 Costs and Expenses The Client shall burden all “costs” and “expenses” in relationship to Attorney’s legal services under this Agreement.Costs and expenses include, but are not limited to, long distance telephone charges, facsimile charges, court filing fees, deposition costs, expert fees and expenses, investigation costs, mileage charges, parking, messenger service fees, photocopying expenses, 2 process server fees and any other related expenses incurred by Attorney to provide services to Client.Article 6 Duties of Huayuan Minxin Huayuan Minxin shall provide the Legal Services in good faith and undertakes to perform these matters with due professional care, in compliance with all relevant legal regulations, on professional level and within terms required by laws or agreed on in this Agreement or which the Parties shall agree upon individually, either verbally or in writing.Huayuan Minxin undertakes to perform the Legal Services, so that all interests and goals of the Client known to it are always taken into consideration and are duly protected.Huayuan Minxin agrees to indemnify the Client for any claims arising out of Legal Counsel’s performance of services hereunder.Huayuan Minxin shall maintain professional malpractice insurance covering Legal Services performed under this Agreement.Whether during or after the termination of this Agreement, Huayuan Minxin shall not disclose to any third party(s)any information concerning the Client ’s business operation obtained by Huayuan Minxin through providing Legal Services for the Client, such as operation model, customers’ information, commercial information or any other kind of information.Article 7 Duties of the Client It is the Client’s responsibility to cooperate fully with Huayuan Minxin by, among other things, providing Huayuan Minxin with all requested information and making the Client or the representatives of the Client reasonably available for consultation and interviews upon request.The information provided by the Client should be correct and complete;otherwise Huayuan Minxin will be exempted from any legal liabilities due to uncorrected or incomplete information provided by the Client and will be entitled to cancellation of the Agreement.Article 8 Records Retention Unless otherwise directed by the Client, Huayuan Minxin shall retain all records relating to the performance of the Legal services herein for a period of 10 years following the termination of this Agreement.Upon the request of the Client, Huayuan Minxin shall allow representatives or designees of the Client to review and/or audit said records at all reasonable times.Upon the request of the Client, after the expiration of the records retention period, Huayuan Minxin shall return all the files and records to the Client.Huayuan Minxin may destroy all records in whatever media that are not returned at the expiration of the records retention period.Article 9 General Provision Any amendments or changes to this Agreement shall be made in writing upon previous agreement by both parties.If any term or provision of this Agreement, or any application of any term or provision of this Agreement, is held to be unenforceable, the unenforceability of that term, provision or application shall not affect the enforceability of any other terms, provisions, or applications.This Agreement contains all the terms and conditions agreed upon by the parties.No understandings or otherwise regarding the subject matter of this Agreement shall be deemed to exist or to bind any of the parties hereto.Article 10 Governing Law and Settlement

This Agreement shall be governed by law of the People’s Republic of China.Any unsettled matter or any dispute arising from or in connection with this Agreement shall be settled by amicable consultation or otherwise submitted to Suzhou Arbitration Commission for arbitration, whose award shall be final and binding upon both parties.Article 11 Establishment

This Agreement shall be written in English & Chinese and established with both parties’ signatures.Should any discrepancy arises between the two versions, the English version shall prevail.This Agreement is in duplicate and each party has one with the same legal effect.By: Fleet Street, Ltd.Suzhou Representative Office in China

Legal representative:

Add:

Date of Signature:

By: Jiangsu Huayuan Minxin Law Firm Legal counsel(s)appointed: Add: No.7 North Yushan Rd., Changshu, Jiangsu 215500 Tel: ***(Stanley)/*** Fax:0512-52881148

篇2：法律顾问合同英文

一、关于合同（agreement/contract）的一些动、名词

开始 commence(commencement)完成 consummate(consummation)

终止 terminate(termination)

中止 suspend(suspension)

履行 perform(performance), carry out, implement(implementation)

拒绝履行 repudiate(repudiation)

取消 cancel(cancellation)

撤销 rescind(rescission), revoke(revocation)

补偿 indemnify(indemnity)

转让 assign(assignment), grant

保证 warrant(warranty), guarantee(guarantee)Inaction 不作为

action 作为

其中indemnify是bug：我第一次看到的时候非常纯真地问：“领导领导，我有个愚蠢的问题，为什么不用compensate？”领导哈哈哈大笑三声：“你个土鳖！合同里没见过用compensate的。”事实是我后来看过的合同里确实没见过compensate。

二、关于一些“人”

当事人 party, contractor（合同当事人；承包人）

买方 buyer, vendee（通常用于不动产）

卖方 seller, vendor（通常用于不动产）

债权人 creditor

债务人 debtor

主债务人 principle debtor

保证人 guarantor

被保证人 guarantee

出租人 lessor

承租人 lessee

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发包人

主承包人 general contractor

分包人 subcontractor

转让人 grantor, assignor

受让人 grantee, assignee

许可人 licensor

被许可人 licensee

继承人 successor

被继承人deceased，decedent

清算人 liquidator

破产财产管理人 receiver

受益人 beneficiary

代理人、法律事务代理人 attorney

事实代理人attorney in fact

关联公司 affiliate

子公司 subsidiary

托运人 shipper consignor

承运人 carrier

公证人 notary public

仲裁员 arbitrator

法官、审判员 judge

证人 testis, witness

胜诉当事人 prevailing, prevailing party

这些“人”基本都是由动词变过来的，多以er/or和ee结尾，相对来说还是比较好记。Testis是这里的bug，是比witness看上去更高大上的拉丁语的词，但是其常用词是“睾丸”的意思。没错！你没看错！而且是testical的复数形式！至于其中的联系，纯真的我当然没好意思问领导。

三、一些介词、连词短语

按照 in accordance with, comply with, in conformity with

关于 in respect of, in connection with（常与arising out of连用）, in regard of, with regard to

在不影响…的情况下 without prejudice to

以…为条件 subject to

尽管… notwithstanding

当…发生时 on/upon occurrence of

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在…的要求下 on the request of

为…的利益 for the benefit of

on behalf of

包括但不限于 including without limitation, including but not limited to

没有/缺少…时 in default of

基于…理由 on the grounds of

在…范围内 insofar as

具有…的性质 in the nature of

由…承担 for one’s account

对…负责 be liable for

（公司）适用哪国法 incorporated and existing under the laws of

（合同）be governed and construed by the laws of

在具体某天 as of

在某时间之前（包括改时间）on and before

从某时间起（包括/不包括改时间）from and including/excluding

到某时间止（包括/不包括改时间）to and including/excluding

这里需要注意最后三个词组，英文英文合同中不存在关于是否包含本数的推定，所以有必要写明including还是excluding，这点非常重要。至于as of，是一个legalese不好好说人话的典型，纯真的我当然不会再去做用on的土鳖了。

四、用多个词表示一个意思

Legalese的一大特色，即是严谨的体现，也是不好好说人话的体现。

in full force and effect 有效

null and void 无效

indirect, special and consequential loss 间接损失

natural and ordinary meaning 通常含义

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save and except 除了

记得笔记里只有这几个了，曾经见过一个合同在不可抗力部分把 insurrection、rebellion、riot、commotion和usurpation连用的，它们的中文意思分别是：暴动、叛乱、骚乱、骚乱、篡权。纯真的你们，明白了吗？

五、一些有意思的词

hold harmless 免于承担赔偿责任（indemnify and hold the buyer harmless from any and all liabilities）

deem 推定

governmental act/activity 政府行为。这个词经常出现在不可抗力条款中。英美法和我们习惯的理解有一定差别，英美法要求某行为必须是为公共目的才会被认定为governmental，并不是政府所做出的行为就是governmental。哇，这个词好像可以引申出很多思考。

whereas 鉴于。每个英文合同上来都会有一大串鉴于条款，少则几段话，多可达十几页，每句话都是以这个词开头。

estoppels 禁止反言

ad hoc 为了特定目的的，例如ad hoc arbitration特别仲裁，不过我国目前不承认特别仲裁。出现了拉丁文的一大麻烦是你会分不清它们的词性，比如这个ad hoc就是长着一个副词的样，查字典显示的貌似也是副词，但是合同里往往向形容里一样用。

至于像herein、hereof、therein这种，不是审合同只是想看合同的意思的话，跳过即可。

读英文合同非常重要的一点是找准适用法，虽然我们习惯说英美法，但是一个单词根据英国法和美国法的解释可能是完全不同的，比如表示一开始提到的解除合同，《美国统一商法典》会细分：根据双方协商解除合同用rescission，根据合同前述条款规定解除合同用termination，根据对方违约解除合同用cancellation。但是你会发现，《统一商法典》自己在用这几个词的时候也没有分：美国佬！你们是在逗我玩么！

篇3：法律顾问合同英文

英文合同经过长期实践应用、改进, 其结构已经相对固定。一份标准的英文合同一般包括目录、正文和附录几部分, 而正文涵盖了约首 (导言、鉴于条款、过渡条款) 、本文 (通用条款、专有条款) 和约尾 (证明条款、签名、盖章) 三部分。本文拟以王振国、李艳琳所编著、北京高等教育出版社2015年2月出版的《新英汉翻译教程》所选英文合同翻译为例, 分析英文合同约首 (序言) 部分的翻译策略和注意事项。英文合同中, 序言 (preamble) 是位于目录之后主文之前的部分, 旨在交代合同的基本信息, 包括导言 (premises/commencement) 、鉴于条款 (whereas clause) 和过渡条款 (transitional clause) , 各自承担不同的功能。

例文涵盖了英文合同序言中的三部分内容, 而提供的译文表述中, 每一部分都有值得商榷的地方, 现逐一分析如下:

1 导言的翻译

原文和翻译:

This Contract is made this_____day of____, 20___, in (place of signature) by and between (name of one party) , a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of (name of the country) with its domicile at (address) (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and (name of the other party) a cooperation duly organized and existing under the laws of (name of the country) with its domicile at (address) (hereinafter referred to as Party B) .

本合同于二零_____年_______月_______日在 (签订地点) 签订。

合同一方为 (一方名称) , 是一家依照 (国家名称) 法律组织而存在的公司, 其住所在 (地址) (以下简称甲方) ;

合同另一方为 (另一方名称) , 是一家依照 (国家名称) 法律组织而存在的公司, 其住所在 (地址) (以下简称乙方) 。 (王振国、李艳琳, 2014:292)

英文合同的导言行文模式趋于程式化, 包括合同签约方的名称/姓名、国籍、主营业地/住所、合同签订的日期和地点。尽管其行文和结构相对固定, 但翻译时需要特别注意一些细节。

合同生效的要件之一是主体合法。合同签约方作为合同行为主体, 其签订的合同是否有效成立依赖一些基本事实, 因此在合同开始交代签约方的名称、组织形式、签订地点和时间就具有重要的法律意义, 可据此判断主体是否合法, 而万一以后发生争端, 也方便选择合同的管辖地, 根据中国合同法规定, 签约一方的主营业地、注册地和签约地的法院对合同都享有管辖权。

分析译文, 有两点值得商榷。

(1) duly organized and existing的译文不妥

合同中的每一个单词都有其存在的必要性和意义, 不能视为赘词而不翻译。根据公司法规定, 组建一家公司要经历设立和成立两个阶段, 公司设立是公司设立人依照法定的条件和程序, 为组建公司并取得法人资格而必须采取和完成的法律行为。公司的成立是指已经具备了法律规定的实质要件, 完成设立程序、由主管机关发给营业执照而取得公司法人主体资格的一种法律事实, 表现为一种法律上的状态。公司设立是成立的必经程序, 而公司的成立则是设立的法律后果或直接目的。原文中的duly强调设立过程中一切都符合法律规定, 合法有效, 因而确保公司得以成立。译文中对duly一词视而不见, 辜负了合同起草者的一片苦心。原译文中, organized被翻译成“组织”, 显属外行话, 组织当动词使用时, 其搭配要符合汉语习惯, 我们可以组织一次活动, 但不能组织公司成立, 此处如果翻译成“组建”当属最佳选择。如前分析, 组建涵盖了设立和成立两个步骤, 翻译成“成立”也可以, 它强调一种组建后的结果。原译文中将existing翻译为“存在”, 没有反映出这个词的内涵和其想强调的事实。合同签订中, 一方最怕遇到对方是“骗子公司”, 尽管是合法成立了, 但已经不再实际经营或失去了民事主体资格, 因此有必要强调其是有效存续, 而不仅仅是形式上的存在。

(2) 译文顺序应调整, 以适应读者的思维逻辑

译文的准确和通顺与否不仅取决于对字词的准确理解和搭配, 而且应关照到译文读者的阅读习惯和逻辑思维。原文是按合同签订时间、地点和合同主体的顺序排列的, 但对于合同译文的读者, 他首先关注合同主体是谁, 是否具备签订合同的主体资格, 然后才是合同签订的时间和地点。鉴于此, 译文的顺序应做必要的调整为佳。

2 鉴于条款的翻译

原文和翻译:

Whereas Party A has been engaged in the manufacture and marketing of (name of products) , and possesses valuable upto-date technology, relating to the manufacture, assembly and marketing of the said products;whereas Party B has been a leading trading company in theﬁeld of the said products and is willing to arrange for the manufacture, assembly and marketing of the said products, and whereas both parties are desirous to establish a joint venture company to manufacture, assemble and market the said products;

鉴于甲方长期从事 (产品名称) 的制造和推销, 并拥有制造、装配、推销上述产品的有价值的先进技术;

鉴于乙方长期以来是一家经营上述产品的主要贸易公司, 愿意安排上述产品的制造、装配和推销;

鉴于双方都希望建立一家合资公司, 来制造、装配和推销上述产品; (王振国、李艳琳, 2014:292)

鉴于条款也称之为“叙述性条款” (recital) 、说明条款或订约背景 (background) , 因该段的开头多以whereas引导的句子并列行文, 故此得名。鉴于条款由合同当事人对订约目的、希望和意图所作的陈述性说明构成, 但鉴于条款不单单是几个陈述句的堆砌, 其存在有着重要的法律意义。鉴于条款具有证约的功能, 一旦发生争议, 鉴于条款对于双方订约的目的与意图以及解释某些具体条款将起到一定的作用。依据英美法的一项法律原则——“意思表示禁反语” (estoppels by representation) 之要求, 签约方在条款中写明某项事实的, 不能主张与此相反的事实, 并不得以此为由提起诉讼。亦即一方在合同中进行不真实的 (事实) 阐述, 对方信赖其所述并据之采取行动时, 有不真实阐述的一方应对其误导行为负责, 不得以己方所述不实为理由主张客观真实的情况。 (王相国, 2014:69)

分析原文发现, 三个whereas引导的分句分别交代了订约双方从事的业务、拥有的技术和合作的意图, 阐述了订约背景的基本信息。译文中将本属于一段的三个分句分成了三段, 实无必要, 英文段落结构的安排有其自己的考量, 译者一般不宜自作主张改变原先的段落顺序或增添原文没有的序列编号。重新分段后, 译文的段落顺序无法和原文一一对应, 假如下文出现对前款的指引参考时, 将出现指代错位情况, 容易引起理解争议。另外, 译文对个别词语的处理过于刻板和随意, 如将marketing译作“推销”, 从行业术语贴切角度考虑, 建议改译成“销售”更切合语境, 推销在一定语境下带有贬义, 不像“销售”这个中性词, 态度上不偏不倚。

3 过渡条款的翻译

原文和翻译:

Therefore, in consideration of the premises and conventions herein contained and other good and valuable considerationsﬂowing from either party to the other, the receipt whereof both parties by their execution of this Contract do hereby acknowledge, the parties hereby agree as follows:

考虑到上述各点和本合同所载各项条款, 以及双方通过签署本合同而确认收到的彼此间的其他有效相应报酬, 双方特定此协议如下: (王相国, 2014:69)

过渡条款位于鉴于条款之后, 合同主文开始之前, 起到承上启下的纽带作用, 前面的导言和鉴于条款陈述签约主体、时间、地点和签约的缘由, 而在鉴于条款之后, 合同的主文, 即规约合同当事人权利义务等条款就开始了。过渡条款的行文非常程序化, 一般以大写的NOW, THEREFORE打头, 其后是in consideration of/词组引导的约因语句, 其中文翻译也非常模式化。此处需要特别注意consideration一词, 通用英语里, consideration是“考虑”的意思, 但在法律性文本中, 某些情况下有考虑的含义, 但一般译作“约因”或“对价”。对价是英美合同法中的重要概念, 是一方为换取另一方做某事的承诺, 而向另一方支付的金钱代价或提供的承诺, 从法律上看是一种等价有偿的允诺关系。对价被认为是合同的构成要件之一, 没有对价的合同不能强制履行, 对价可以是金钱等价物, 也可以是某种允诺, 如放弃诉权、承担某种责任等, 对价不必等价, 但应具有真实价值。

分析原译文发现, 译者显然没有明白consideration一词的含义, 将其翻译成“报酬”, 而且对前面的两个限定形容词视而不见, 随意地翻译成“相应的”, 没有忠实地传递出原文想表达的意义。另外, 译文的个别选词也违背了法律文件的翻译原则, 即保持同一术语译文的“一致性”。原文是一份英文合同的序言部分, 译文中也多次出现“合同”的译语对应英文的contract, 但到了译文的结尾, 非常突兀地出现了“协议”, 显然有违这一公认的翻译原则。法律翻译有一个非常重要的原则, 即在法律文件中要保持法律术语或相同句式结构译文的同一性和一致性, 不能随意用不同形态的同义词或近义词表达相同的法律概念, 也不能让同样的句式结构有多种不同形式的翻译表达。法律翻译中只要认准并用准了某词语, 就千万别怕反复使用这一词语。 (仲人、吴娟, 1994) 法律文字的翻译在译名的选词上不能像文学翻译那样灵活多样和丰富多彩, 而必须坚持译名的同一律原则。 (刘法公, 2001) 再之, 译文最后一句“双方特定此协议如下”中的“定”字属于“订”字的误用, 或者属于“约定”一词不适当的省略。其实这两个单词在法律合同中经常被误用, 严重时会损害当事人的利益。一个典型的例子就是“订金”和“定金”, 定金属于一种债务履行担保, 对应的英语为earnest money或deposit, 适用定金罚则, 给付定金的一方在对方不履行债务义务时可以要求双倍返还定金, 具有违约罚金性质, 而“订金”在无论是担保法或合同法中都没有明确规定, 一般视作一种预付款, 其对应的英文为subscription或down payment, 收受订金的一方无须双倍返还, 而合同实践中也不乏有人故意误用两者的区别, 以逃避违约的责任。

综上分析, 拟将译文整体修改如下:

本合同由______, 一家依照_______法律合法组建并有效存续的公司, 其住所地位于_______ (以下简称“甲方”) , 和________, 一家依照_______法律合法组建并有效存续的公司, 其住所地位于_______ (以下简称“乙方”) , 于20____年____月____日在_____签订。

鉴于甲方长期从事_____产品的生产和销售, 并拥有关于该产品生产、组装和销售的有价值的先进技术;鉴于乙方是一家长期从事该产品经营的大型贸易公司, 并且愿意安排该产品的生产、组装和销售;以及鉴于双方都愿意建立一家合资公司, 以生产、组装和销售该产品。

鉴于上述事实和本合同所载条款, 以及其他双方通过签署本合同而确认收讫相互提供的有效并有价的约因, 双方兹此订约如下:

4 结语

英文合同是一种结构和遣词造句都高度规范化的法律性文件, 了解法律文本的语言特征和翻译的一般原则, 对翻译质量的提升具有重要作用。本文仅针对翻译教材中的实例, 对英文合同的序言部分翻译做了简要分析。需要指出的是, 作为一本供非英语专业大学生使用的翻译教材, 《新英汉翻译教程》对合同翻译一节的取材和设计过于简单, 既没有对合同语言特点、用词、典型句型和一般合同结构做任何介绍, 也没有详实充分的实例讲解, 没能反映英文合同的全貌。提供的参考实例也有很多值得商榷的地方, 除译文中一些似是而非的选词, 原文中也不乏错误, 如导言部分的cooperation (应为corporation) 和鉴于条款中relating to前面多余的逗号等。英文合同的翻译难度高, 除句子长、概念复杂、同义词堆砌之外, 还有就是典型句型难以理解。熟悉英文合同的结构, 正确理解常见句型, 掌握规范的中文译法, 将对提升英汉法律文本的整体翻译质量提供可靠保证。

摘要：英文合同的结构相对规范、固定, 其序言部分交代了订约背景, 由导言、鉴于条款和过渡条款组成。序言的用词和句式呈现模式化的特点, 但仍不乏翻译难点和陷阱。

关键词：鉴于条款,约因,一致性

参考文献

[1]刘法公.涉外经济法规汉英翻译规律[J].中国科技翻译, 2001 (2) .

[2]王相国.鏖战英文合同——英文合同的翻译与起草[M].中国法制出版社, 2014.

[3]王振国, 李艳琳.新英汉翻译教程[M].高等教育出版社, 2014.

篇4：法律顾问合同英文

【关键词】商务英文合同概括性法律语言翻译

1．概括性法律语言的语言特点

1.1 词汇特点

（1）专业术语的使用

如，“Execution”作为一个常用词时是“执行”，然而在法律语言中意义是“签订”。“presents” 作为一个常用词是“礼物”，然而在法律语言中意思是“本文件”。

（2）古体词的使用

在商务英文合同中, 以下词用的很多，如，“herein”, “hereafter”, “hereto”, “hereunder” “therein”, “thereunder”, “whereby”, “wherein” 等等。

（3）外来语的出现

如，“bar” 意为“法庭，审判台”（法语）, “coemptio”意为“买卖婚姻”（拉丁语）。

（4）同义词的大量使用

如，“loss, injury or damage” 指“伤亡”。 “terms or condition”, 为 “条件”。 “stipulations and provisions” 意为“条款”。

（5）shall的使用

Party B shall warrant the promised condition of the work within one year after the date of receiving the work by Party A.（张福林，1998：297-298）

1. 2句式特点

（1）长句的使用

（2）條件句的使用

Subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth, ABC company will indemnify and protect the Purchaser against any losses or damage.

（3）平行句的使用

An enterprise as legal person shall terminate for any of the following reasons:

a) if it is dissolved by law.

b) if it is disbanded.

c) if it is declared bankrupt in accordance with the law; or

d) for other reasons.

（4）被动句的使用

If his habitual residence is not the same as his domicile, his habitual residence shall be regarded as his domicile.

（5）命令句式

The lawful civil rights and interests of citizens and legal persons shall be protected by law; no organization or individual may infringe upon them.

（6）名词化句式

Smuggling of goods whose import or export are subject to prohibition or restrictions, which constitute criminal offences shall be subject to…

2．概括性法律语言在商务英文合同中的翻译

2.1词法层面的翻译

2.1.1 古体词

在商务英文合同中经常使用古体词来增加合同的规范性与正式性，所以在翻译的过程中，对于主要的古体词应该着重强调。（孙致礼，2003：70-73）

（1）“Here-prep” type 基本的意思是：“本……”，“此……”。如，hereafter翻译成“以下”“此后”“下文中”等等。

2.2.2 同义词

在商务英文合同中，有一些同义词词义相似互补，但仍然存在细微的差别。译者应该尽可能的找到中文里相应的对等词。如，deterioration, defect or loss，损蚀、缺陷或损失。

2.2.3 shall

Shall一词通常情况下翻译成应该和必须，但是在表示权利的时候，可以省略。

The seller shall not be held liable for the delay in shipment. 卖方概不负责。

2.2 句法层面的翻译

2.2.1条件句的翻译

通常 “should + S + V” 结构的句子，表示可能性很小，通常翻译成 “若”，“如果”。如，Should the quality and specifications of the goods be found not on conformity with the contract, the buyer is entitled to put up claim against the seller. 如果发现货物的数量和合同规定不符，买方有权向卖方提出索赔。

2.2.2长句的翻译

长句的原因大致有三种：多重修饰、平行结构与复杂句子结构。关键是先找主干。根据刘宓庆对长句的分析，最基本的一些策略，包括植入埋藏策略、剪辑策略、倒置策略等等。

如，植入埋藏策略

The seller shall not be responsible for delay in shipment or non-delivery of the goods due to Force Majeure, which has occurred during the manufacturing process or in the course of loading or in transit. 因在生产、装运或运输过程中发生的不可抗力事件，卖方对迟交或未交货不负责任。

2.2.3状语从句的翻译

Where 句子的翻译中，where经常被翻译为“如果”。（杜金榜，2004：245）如，Where no settlement can be reached, the disputes shall be submitted for arbitration. 如果得不到解决，应将争议提交仲裁。

参考文献

[1]杜金榜，法律语言学[M]，上海：上海外语教育出版社，2004。

[2]张福林，实用法律英汉翻译[M]，武汉：武汉测绘科技大学出版社.，1998.10

篇5：法律顾问合同英文

This Separation and Release Agreement(“Agreement”)is made and effective this [DATE], BETWEEN: [EMPLOYEE NAME](the “Employee”), an individual with his main address at:

[COMPLETE ADDRESS]

AND:[YOUR COMPANY NAME](the “Company”), a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the [State], with its head office located at:

[YOUR COMPLETE ADDRESS]

RECITALS

Employee is a former employee of the Company and the Parties wish to resolve any claim by Employee against the Company and all other existing differences completely and amicably, without litigation.Employee acknowledges that the payment to him under this Agreement is being made for the sole purpose of avoiding the uncertainties, vexations and expense of litigation.The Parties represent that they have been advised about the Agreement by their respective counsel, are competent to enter into it, fully understand its terms and consequences, and enter into it knowingly and voluntarily.NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the above recitals and the mutual promises and conditions contained in this Agreement, the Parties agree as follows:

1.NO ADMISSION

This Agreement is entered in connection with the compromise of disputed claims.Neither this Agreement nor any action or acts taken in connection with this Agreement or pursuant to it will constitute and admission by Company or any other person or entity of any violation of law, nor will it constitute or be construed as an admission of any wrongdoing whatsoever.In fact, Company, its officers, employees, agents and representatives specifically deny committing any unlawful act against Employee at any time.2.PAYMENT

Within three(3)days after execution of this Agreement, and in consideration for the promises and covenants contained herein, Company will cause to be delivered to counsel for Employee a check in the amount of [AMOUNT].Except for this payment, Employee acknowledges and agrees that he is entitled to receive no other payments, benefits, or compensation from Company.Employee represents that there are no outstanding advances or other sums due Company from Employee.3.TAX

Appropriate tax deductions shall be made by the Company from the payment made under Section 2.4.RELEASE

Employee, on behalf of himself and his representatives, spouse, agents, heirs and assigns, releases and discharges Company and Company’s former, current or future officers, employees, representatives, agents, fiduciaries, attorneys, directors, shareholders, insurers, predecessors, parents, affiliates, benefit plans, successors, heirs, and assigns from any and all claims, liabilities, causes of action, damages, losses, demands or obligations of every kind and nature, whether now known or unknown, suspected or unsuspected, which Employee ever had, now has, or hereafter can, shall or may have for, upon or by reason of any act, transaction, practice, conduct, matter, cause or thing of any kind whatsoever, relating to or based upon, in whole or in part, any

act, transaction, practice or conduct prior to the date hereof, including but not limited to matters dealing with Employee’s employment or termination of employment with the Company, or which relate in any way to injuries or damages suffered by Employee(knowingly or unknowingly).This release and discharge includes, but is not limited to, [SPECIFY LAW], claims arising under federal, state and local statutory or common law, including, but not limited to, [SPECIFY LAW], claims for wrongful discharge under any public policy or any policy of the Company, claims for breach of fiduciary duty, and the laws of contract and tort;and any claim for attorney’s fees.Employee promises never to file a lawsuit or assist in or commences any action asserting any claims, losses, liabilities, demands, or obligations released hereunder.5.KNOWN OR UNKNOWN CLAIMS

The Parties understand and expressly agree that this Agreement extends to all claims of every nature and kind, known or unknown, suspected or unsuspected, past, present, or future, arising from or attributable to any conduct of the Company and its successors, subsidiaries, and affiliates, and all their employees, owners, shareholders, agents, officers, directors, predecessors, assigns, agents, representatives, and attorneys, whether known by Employee or whether or not Employee believes he may have any claims, and that any and all rights granted to Employee under [LAW] or any analogous state law or federal law or regulations, are hereby expressly WAIVED, if applicable.Said Section [NAME] reads as follows：

[RETYPE PARAGRAPH]

6.NON-DISCLOSURE

Employee and his counsel represent that they have not disclosed the terms of this Agreement to anyone other than Employee’s spouse.Employee, his counsel and Employee’s spouse agree to keep the terms of the Agreement, including the fact that a payment was made to Employee and the amount of such payment, strictly confidential and, unless required by court order or other law, will not disclose such information without the prior written permission of the Company to anyone except Employee’s attorneys or tax advisors, if any, but only after informing those persons that they too must keep the information confidential.If asked about the status of the dispute between the Parties.Employee, his counsel and Employee’s spouse may state only that “ the matter has been resolved” or words to that effect, but will not otherwise disclose any information about this Agreement or its terms.Because a breach of this confidentiality paragraph would cause Company damages that are impracticable or too difficult to fix, in the event of such a breach, Employee shall be liable to Company for liquidated damages in the amount of

[AMOUNT] for each breach, plus any attorneys’ fees and costs owed pursuant to Section 18 herein and any equitable relief.7.EMPLOYER PROPERTY AND TRADE SECRETS

Employee will return to Company any and all of its property and documents which he or she may have in his or her possession, including, but not limited to, documents, equipment, tools, computers, customer lists, correspondence, handbooks, manual reports, plans, projects, drawings, marketing materials, software, tapes, phones, cars, keys, security devices, inventions, formulas, and proprietary information within [DAYS] from the execution of this Agreement.8.NO FUTURE EMPLOYMENT

Employee promises not to seek employment or any other business relationship at any time in the future with Company or any of its parents or affiliates and he forsakes any right to be employed or to have any other business relationship in the future with Company or any of its parents or

9.NON SOLICITATION OF CLIENTS AND CUSTOMERS

The Employee, on behalf of himself or herself, their agents and assigns, agrees that, for a period of [NUMBER] year following the execution of this Agreement, or so long as Company is in operation, whichever is less, he or she will not, for any reason whatsoever, directly or indirectly solicit the clients or customers of Company, without the written permission of Company.The Parties agree that any breach of this provision is a material breach of this Agreement.10.NON SOLICITATION OF EMPLOYEES

The Employee, on behalf of himself or herself, his or her agents and assigns, agrees that for a period of [NUMBER] year following the execution of this Agreement, or so long as Company is in operation and in good standing, whichever is less, he or she will not, directly or indirectly, recruit any of the employees of Company then employed by Company for the purpose of employment in any outside business.The parties acknowledge that any breach of this provision is a material breach of this Agreement.11.NO DISPARAGEMENT

Employee agrees not to disparage Company or any of its officers, employees, agents or representatives and will not knowingly say or do anything that would have an adverse impact on Company.12.REFERENCES

In response to any request to Company from any prospective employer for an employment reference regarding Employee, the Company shall provide only Employee’s dates of employment and final job title.13.NO ADMISSION OF WRONGDOING

This Agreement shall not in any way be construed as an admission by the released Parties of any acts of wrongdoing whatsoever against Employee or any other person.14.FURTHER DOCUMENTS

Each party agrees to execute or cause their counsel to execute any additional documents and take any further action which may reasonably be required in order to consummate this Agreement or otherwise fulfill the obligations of the Parties there under.15.DISPUTE

Should a dispute arise concerning this Agreement or its performance, such dispute shall be resolved, at the election of the party seeking to enforce the Agreement, either by court action, or by binding arbitration administered by the [ASSOCIATION/ORGANIZATION] under its commercial dispute resolution rules.If arbitration is initiated, the arbitration shall be held in [CITY], [STATE].16.MODIFICATION AND WAIVER

Any modifications to this Agreement must be in writing and signed by duly authorized representatives of each of the Parties and must be expressly state that it is the intention of each of the Parties hereto to amend the Agreement.No breach of any provision of this Agreement shall be deemed waived unless the waiver is in writing signed by a duly authorized representative of the waiving party.Waiver of any one breach shall not be deemed a waiver of any other breach of the same or any other provision of this Agreement.17.CONSTRUCTION

This Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the [STATE].The language of this Agreement shall be construed as to its fair meaning and not for or against either

18.ATTORNEYS’ FEES

Should any action be brought by any party to this Agreement to enforce any provision thereof, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover, in addition to any other relief, reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs and expenses of litigation or arbitration.19.INTEGRATION

This Agreement constitutes an integration of the entire understanding and agreement of the Parties with respect to the matters referred to in this Agreement.Any representation, warranty, promise or condition, whether written or oral between the Parties with respect to the matters referred to in this Agreement, which is not specifically incorporated in this Agreement shall not be binding upon any of the Parties hereto and the Parties acknowledge that they have not relied, in entering into this Agreement, upon any representations, warranties, promises or conditions not specifically set forth in this Agreement.No prior or contemporaneous oral or written understanding, covenant, or agreement between the Parties, with respect to the matters referred to in this Agreement, shall survive the execution of this Agreement.Each party hereto assumes the risk of misrepresentation, concealment or mistake, and if any party should subsequently discover that any fact relied upon in entering into this Agreement was untrue, or that any fact was concealed from it, or that its understanding of the facts or law was incorrect, it shall not be entitled to set aside this Agreement by reason thereof.This Agreement may be modified only by a written agreement executed by both Parties hereto.20.BINDING AGREEMENT

The Parties understand and expressly agree that this Agreement shall bind and benefit(as applicable)the heirs, employees, owners, officers, shareholders, directors, subsidiaries, spouses, affiliates, successors, predecessors, agents, witnesses, attorneys, representatives, and assigns of the Company and Employee.21.COUNTERPARTS

This Agreement may be executed in counterparts and when each party has signed and delivered at least one such counterpart, each counterpart shall be deemed an original and all counterparts taken together shall constitute one and the same Agreement, which shall be binding and effective as to all Parties.22.HEADINGS

Headings in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and are not a part of the substance hereof.23.TIME FOR ACCEPTANCE AND REVOCATION

If required by applicable law, Employee shall have up to [NUMBER] days from the date this Agreement is presented to Employee to accept the terms of this Agreement, although Employee may accept it at any time within those [NUMBER] days.If required by applicable law, after acceptance, Employee will still have an additional [NUMBER] days in which to revoke his acceptance.To so revoke, Employee must send the Company a written statement or revocation to be received by the Company by the end of the seventh day.24.STATEMENTS TO UNEMPLOYMENT BOARD AND TO OTHERS

Company agrees that it will not contest Employee’s application for unemployment insurance benefits.Notwithstanding this agreement, however, Company reserves the right to truthfully furnish information requested by the unemployment board or any other agency and to rebut

false or misleading information submitted by the Employee, whether requested to do so or not.25.SEVERABILITY

If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remaining provisions shall remain in full force and effect, except that, should paragraphs 4,5 or 6 to held invalid, void or unenforceable, either jointly or separately, as a result of any action by Employee.Company shall be entitled to rescind the Agreement and/or recover from Employee any benefits provided to her under Section 2 above.The Parties each hereby execute this Agreement as of [DATE]

CompanyEmployeeAuthorized SignatureAuthorized SignaturePrint Name and TitlePrint Name and Title

CERTIFICAION BY EMPLOYEE’S COUNSEL