初二说明文阅读及答案

2022-10-16

第一篇：初二说明文阅读及答案

初三说明文阅读与写作专项训练及参考答案

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说明文阅读与写作专项训练

阅读下面几段文字，回答文后的问题

(一)

大豆原产于我国，在古代称为"菽"，已有五千多年栽培历史。本世纪初，大豆还只有我国和我国近邻的一些国家种植。近几十年，世界上到处引种，成为栽培面积扩大的最多的作物之一。目前，我国大豆播种面积有一亿多亩，产量(占、居)世界第三位。大豆品种众多，我国现有的品种不下五千种。无霜期在一百天以上的地区，就可以种植大豆。我国北起黑龙江的最北部，南至两广，大豆分布极广。东北地区、黄河、淮河流域和长江流域，是三大集中产区。大豆色泽有黄、青、褐、黑和双色五种。子粒大小差别很大：小粒品种百粒重只有

四、五克，大粒品种百粒重可达五十克，小粒的重量约是大粒的十分之一。大豆的花多在上午8-9点钟开放，开放时间只有一个多小时，全株的花开完大约需要半个月。

1"世界上到处引种"的"引"字与前面的_________字相照应。

2"产量(占、居)世界第三位。"应选括号中的__________字。

3把"我国现有的品种不下五千种"中的"不下"去掉，写出一个不改变原意的句子：

______________________________________

4"大豆的花多在上午8-9点钟开放。"中的"多"是不能改成"都"的，因为______________________________________

5对"大豆的花多在上午8-9点钟开放，开放时间只有一个多小时，"一句，有两种不同的看法。你认为正确的是：( )

A这句话错了：因"8-9点钟"最多只有一个小时，怎么能说开放"一个多小时"呢?

B这句话对的：因"8-9点钟"是指花初开的时间，"一个多小时"是指一朵花开放的全部时间。 6明明说大豆的花"开放时间只有一个多小时"，怎么又说"全株的花开完大约需要半个月"? ________________________________________

7上文在说明大豆"子粒大小差别很大"时，用了_________和__________两种说明方法。(二)

①人的皮肤由表皮、真皮和皮下组织三部分组成。指纹就是表皮上突起的纹线。由于人的遗传特性，虽然指纹人人皆有，但各不相同。伸出你的手，仔细观察，就可以发现小小的指纹也分好几种类型;有同心圆或螺旋型纹线，看上去像水中漩涡的，叫斗型纹;有的纹线是一边开口的，就像簸箕似的，叫箕型纹;有的纹像弓一样，叫弓型纹。各人的指纹除了形状不同之外，纹线的多少、长短、粗细等也有差别。即使是_____、______、______、兄弟或姐妹，即使他们的相貌极为近似，但指纹也有明显不同。据说，全世界的50多亿人中，还没有发现有两个指纹完全相同的人呢。更有趣的是，指纹是胎儿从第

三、四个月便开始产生，到六个月左右就形成了。当婴儿长大成人，指纹只不过_____________，它的形状特征却固定不变。

②你可别小看指纹，它的用途可大啦!指纹由皮肤上许多小颗粒排列组成，这些小颗粒感觉非常敏锐，只要用手触摸物体，就会立即把感觉到的冷、热、软、硬等各种"情报"通报给大脑这个司令部，然后，大脑根据这些"情报"发号施令，指挥动作。指纹还具有增强皮肤摩擦的作用，使手指能紧紧地握住东西，不易滑掉。我们平时画图、写字、拿工具、做手工，所以能够那么得心应手，运用自如，这里面就有指纹的功劳。

③正因为指纹的这些特性，它很早就引起了人们的兴趣。在古代，人们把指纹当作"图章"，印在公文上。据说，在一百多年前，警察就开始利用指纹破案。(A)现在，随着科学技术的发展，

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(B)指纹在医学上又有了新的用途，有的医生发现，通过检查人的指纹、掌纹，能够查出某些疾病。(C)近年来，指纹又和电子计算机成了好朋友。(D)

④小小的指纹将来究竟还会有哪些新的用途?新的迷宫又摆在我们的面前，等待着我们去探索，去寻求。

8在①段的四条横线上依次填入词语，最恰当的是：( )

A父子母女孪生变大增粗

B父子母女同胞变多增长

C父女母子孪生变直增粗

D父女母子同胞变细增多

9根据①段内容，完成下面图表：

(_______)

(____________) …指纹 (_______)

(____________)(____________)(_______)

( 皮下组织)

10按照合理的顺序先把下边几个小句调整为一个大句子，再把调整出来的大句子插入第③段合适的位置上。

a这种锁的钥匙就是人的指纹

b真神

c当人们开门时，只要用手按一下设在门上的计算机

d科学家已研制出一种"指纹锁"

e如果是的话，门马上就自动打开了。

f计算机就能迅速准确地识别开门的人是不是主人

(1)调整后的顺序是：_________

(2)调整后的句子应插入第③段(A)(B)(C)(D)四处中的__________处。

11根据②③段内容，完成下面图表。

a(________)

(无意识的运用)

b(________)

(________)(________)a(________)b(________)c(________)d(________)

a b a b c d

12第①段的中心句是________;第②③段的中心句是__________________

13用简要的话概括本文所说明的内容。(不得超过10个)__________________

14第①段运用的说明方法有_______、________、________、________、________。 15下列说法与本文内容不符的几项是：( )

A人的指纹各不相同，一是形状不同，二是纹线的数量、长度和粗细也不同

B人的指纹在半周岁左右形成，以后它的形状特征固定不变。

C人们能运用自如地拿着笔写字，全是指纹的功劳。

D古代把指纹当作"图章"，如果从科学观点看，这种"图章"不及一般印章精确。

(三)

①黄河是我国的第二大河，也是世界上______指可数的名川，她像一条金色的巨龙，昂首盘曲，横卧在我国北部辽阔的大地上。她从巴颜喀拉山北麓起步，接纳百川千溪，一路浩浩______，奔腾东流，经青海、四川、甘肃、宁夏、内蒙古、陕西、山西、河南、山东等九个省区，在山东省垦利县注入浩翰的大海，全长5464公里，流域面积75万多平方公里。

②a在古代，黄河流域的自然环境是很优越的。那时，这里的气侯温暖湿润，土地肥沃。植物种类繁多;b殷代以后黄河中下游成为我国开发最早的地区，经济发展，人口繁衍较快，政治、文化比较先进，因此黄河流域成为中华民族成长的摇篮。

③相传中华民族的始祖c黄帝出生在黄河流域的中游，他和他的族系主要活动的区域在黄河中游d在新石器时代中期，黄帝族就已开始使用彩陶，产生了e仰韶文化f。后来的夏g商h周王朝都是黄帝的后裔，他们自称"华"或"夏"，而当时的华族聚居在中原地区，人们认为"中原"是居四方之中，所以又称为"中华"。后来，"中华"又成了整个中国的代称。

④黄河孕育了中华民族的古代文化，黄河成为古代文明发祥地之一。从西安市半坡村发掘的仰韶文化遗址中，可以见到5000-6000年以前人们使用的简陋木、石农具，木结构的房屋，储粮的窖穴以及各式各样的陶器，其中有□的带有图案的彩陶，反映了中华民族历史的悠久和艺术才能的高超。

⑤根据历史记载，我国好几个朝代的都城都建立在黄河流域，我国历史上六大都城的一半是黄河流域的古城(今西安、洛阳和开封)，特别是几代帝王的都城长安，曾是我国东西方交通的 □，也是古代著名的丝绸之路的起点，长安所代表的我国唐代文化是当时世界文化的高峰，影响着世界各国，尤其是亚洲各国的文化。

⑥几千年来，黄河流域是封建统治的中心，也是革命斗争的舞台。历史上著名的农民起义军都曾在黄河流域进行过□的农民革命斗争，推动了我国历史前进。抗日战争和解放战争时期，中华民族的优秀儿女，在这里打击敌寇，为全国的解放，建立了不朽的功勋。

⑦黄河，以丰富的乳汁，□ 了中华民族。而中华民族的优秀儿女在她身旁辛勤劳动，创造了光辉灿烂的古代文化。黄河不愧是中华民族的摇篮，中国文化的源头。

16填空组成成语，并解释它们在文中的意义。

(1)____指可数：(2)浩浩______ :

17解释下列词语在文中的意义，并给加点字注意。

(1)北麓()(2)浩翰()

(3)繁衍()(4)后裔()

18在第③段" "内应填的标点符号是：( )

题号 c d e f g h

A。 " " 、、

C ，， " " 、、

D - 。 '、、

19在和④⑤⑥段中的"□ "内应填的词语依次是：( )

A精美枢纽轰轰烈烈孕育

B简陋通道轰轰烈烈哺育

C精美枢纽轰轰烈烈哺育

D精美枢纽光辉灿烂哺育

20在第②段的第a、b两句话之间还有一句话，这句话应是：( )

A青山绿野为原始人类的生存提供了有利条件。

B青山绿野是原始人类生存的唯一条件。

C为原始人类生存提供有利条件的是青山绿野。

D原始人类生存的有利条件是青山绿野。

21第①段中运用的主要说明方法是：( )

A下定义列数字B列数字作比较

C打比喻举例子D打比喻列数字

22本文的说明顺序是：( )

A时间顺序 B空间顺序 C逻辑顺序

23本文的层次划分应是：( )

A①②/③④/⑤⑥⑦B①/②③④⑤⑥/⑦

C①/②③④/⑤⑥/⑦D①/②③/④⑤/⑥⑦

24本文之所以把黄河比作"中华民族的摇篮"主要是因为：( )

A中华民族的始祖黄帝出生在黄河流域。

B黄河流域是封建统治的中心，革命斗争的舞台。

C黄河流域自然条件优越，适宜原始人类生活。

D黄河哺育了中华民族，孕育了中华民族古代文化。

(四)

①我叫爬山虎，在植物分类中属葡萄科。我的卷须顶端长有吸盘，使我成为爬山爬墙的好手。②我占地少，生长快，覆盖面积大。我国不少城市绿化覆盖率较小，房屋毗连，空地较少，大量开辟庭院的可能性较小。例如上海市区人均公共绿地面积目前只有0.96平方米，绿地覆盖率只有11.7%。而我只需利用围墙一角，便能生根发芽，攀墙生长，一根茎粗2厘米的藤条，种植2年，墙面的绿化覆盖面积便可达30至50平方米，三四年后，我能把整幢房屋的墙面爬满。③我在环境保护中发挥着多方面的作用。我的叶片较大、呈广卵形。宽10至20厘米。炎夏，从根部吸收的水分经叶片蒸腾，可带走空气中的热量，降低环境温度。我的茎叶密集，覆盖在房屋墙面上，可以遮挡强烈的阳光，又可以使空气在叶片与墙面之间流动，因而降低室内温度。我的卷须式吸盘能吸收墙上的水分，有助于潮湿房屋的干燥;而干燥季节，有我遮蔽墙面，又可以保持房屋的湿度。我的绿叶能制氧，是空气中氧气的一个重要来源。我的枝叶攀缘在围墙，房屋的墙面上，可以吸收环境中的噪音，还能吸附飞扬的尘土。

④[]我在一般土壤中都能生长。我喜阳，又较耐阴，耐干旱，种植后一般不需管理，只是在夏委久旱不雨、土壤过干时，浇些水就可以了。我既可地栽，又宜盆植、播种、压条、扦插都能繁殖生长，但最简单的是扦插。早春时剪取藤枝一段，直接插入土中，5月中旬就能生长发芽，倚墙攀缘。不久，我便能送给您一片绿荫。

25爬山虎善于爬山爬墙的原因是___________________________________。

26简要写出爬山虎能降低室内温度的两个原因：

(1)___________________________________________

(2) __________________________________________

27对第②段运用的说明方法，理解正确的一项是：( )

A举例子下定义B作比较打比喻

C举例子列数字D分类别作比较

28根据第③段的内容填空：__________________________________________

爬山虎在环境保护中的作用有：(1)降低温度;(2)______;(3)_______;(4)_____噪音;(5)_____尘土。

29第④段[]内应填入的最恰当的一句话是：( )

A我耐干旱。B我的繁殖方法多种多样。

C我生性随和，适应性强。D我能给您送上一片绿荫。

30第②段"便可达30至50平方米"中的"至"能不能改为"或"?为什么?

______________________________

写作

31介绍一种有效的学习方法。

要求：

①写成短小的说明文。

②题目自拟。

③不超过150字。

32写一段说明性文字，介绍你面前的一份模拟试卷。

要求：

①简要说明这份试卷，使他人了解试卷的概貌。

②不必介绍每道试题的具体内容，也不需要对试题进行评析。

③只写一段话，不超过160字，否则扣分。

33下图是一幅漫画，请你用简明的语言，写一段说明文字，把它的内容介绍出来。

要求：

①说明内容具体，方位顺序清楚，漫画含义明确。

③ 字数不超过150字，否则扣分。

34写一段说明文字，准确地反映下边表格中的内容(字数不超过100)

我国小学适龄儿童入学率(%)

35用部首检字法在《新华字典》中查"惬"字的读音，将正确的查法写出来。(《新华字典》中的部分名词术语;(①部首目录②检字表③字典正义)

36请写一篇短文，介绍你喜爱的一张邮票。

要求：找出邮票图案的条理，图案各部分的相互关系，然后抓往特征逐一说明。

37说明你的校园(或你所在的村庄、市镇)的结构和布局。

要求：按空间顺序写。文后最好再附一张平面图。

38以______的自述"为题写一篇说明文。选一种自己熟悉的事物，如"书包"、"镜子"、"伞"等，填在横线上，字数在300以内。

39请你介绍一下乒乓球、篮球或羽毛球不同的特征、性能和打法，要求正确认识构成物体的各个部分，抓住关键处，确定合理的说明顺序，然后用通俗、准确的语言写成文章。

参考答案

(一)1原 2居 3我国现有的品种不少于五千种("……五千种以上"也对)4前者是大多数的意思，后者是全部的意思 5B 6这是因为全株的花不是在同一天开放的 7列数字作比较(二)8A 9皮肤表皮……(指纹) 斗型纹箕型纹 (弓型纹) 真皮 (皮下组织)10(1)d a e f e b (2)D 11指纹的用途无意识的运用 a感觉物体和冷热软硬 b增强皮肤的摩擦作用有意识的运用 a作图章 b破案件 c检查疾病 d制"指纹锁"12指纹人人皆有，但各不相同你可别小看指纹，它的用途可大啦 13指纹的特性和用途

14下定义分类别打比喻举例子列数字 15B C D

(三)16(1)屈形容世界上像黄河这样的大河数量不多 (2)荡荡形容黄河气势广阔壮大 17

(1)

lù山脚 (2)hán广大 (3)yǎn 逐渐增多或增广 (4)yì后代18B19C20

A21D22C23B24D

(四)25卷须顶端长有吸盘(答"有吸盘。也可")26(1)茎叶遮挡阳光(或"遮挡强烈的阳光")(2)使空气在叶片与墙面之间流动 27C 28调节湿度制取氧气吸收吸附29C 30不能。因为用"至"表示从30到50平方米之间的任何一个数;改成"或"，只表示"30平方米"与"50平方米"二者中的一个数，这与实际情况不符。

第二篇：初二英语阅读理解(含答案)

英语阅读

A A young man asked Albert Einstein , the great German scientist , what the secret of success is. The scientist told him that the secret of success is hard work. A few days later the young man asked the same question again . Einstein was very annoyed . He did not say anything ,but wrote a few words on a piece of paper . On it was written: A=X+Y+Z. “What does this mean ?” asked the young man . “A means “ success”” explained the old scientist . “X stands for hard work ,Y for good method (方法) and Z Z means stop talking and get down to work.” 1. The young man _________. A. wanted to meet Einstein B. wanted to be a great scientist like Einstein C. was eager (渴望) to know the secret of success D. wanted to be a student of Einstein 2. In Einstein’s opinion the secret of success was ________. A. to work with great energy (精力，活力) B. to study hard day and night C. to learn from great scientists D. to raise (提出) questions as many as you could 3. “Y” stands for _______. A. hard work B. great energy C. great success D. good manner(方法) 4. The word “annoyed” means ________. A. angry B. sad C. lovely D. glad 5. Einstein was a man who ______ A. liked to talk with young people B. liked to help others C. liked to make friends with young people D. liked to work , but didn’t like to talk

B British newspapers are much smaller than they used to be and their readers are often in a hurry ,so newspapermen write as few words as possible .They tell their readers at once what happened ,where ,when and how it happened and what was the result : how many people were killed ,what change was done and so on .Readers want the fact(事实) set out as fully and accurately as possible .Readers are also interested in the people who have seen the accident. So a newspaperman always likes to get some information (信息)from someone who was there, which can be given in the person’s own words .Because he can use only a few words ,the newspaperman must choose those words carefully ,every one must be effective(有效). Instead of “he called out in a loud voice”, he writes” he shouted”; instead of “the loose stones rolled noisily down the side of the mountain”, he will write” they thundered down the mountainside”. Because many of the readers aren’t very clever, and most of them are in a hurry. 1. From the text, we learn that newspapermen write as few words as possible ,because readers___. A. want to know more about the news B. take no interest in what has happened

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英语阅读

3. The old man got up and ran in his room to ________. A. keep healthy B. Forget he was sad and hungry C. Make him warm D. Find a way to forget he was hungry 4. The old man shouted outside the police station because______ A. he hated Hitler very much B. he hoped the policeman could help him C. he wanted to make the policemen angry D. he thought the he would be given some food in prison (监狱) 5. Which statement is true? A. The old policeman hated Hitler , too B. The old policeman found that the old man his best friend C. The old policeman would send the old man in prison D. The old policeman liked Hitler better than pigs

D Miss Gorgers taught physices in a New York school. Last month she explained to one of her classes about sound, and she decided to test them to see how successful she had been in her explanation. She said to them, “Now I have a brother in Los Angeles. If I was calling him on the phone and at the same time you were 75 feet away, listening to me from across the street, which of you would hear what I said earlier, my brother or you and for what reason?”

Tom at once answered, “Your brother. Because electricity travels faster than sound waves.” “That’s very good,” Miss Gorgers answered; but then one of the girls raised her hand, and Miss Gorgers said, “Yes, Kate?”

“I disagree,” Kate said. “Your brother would hear you earlier because when it’s 11 o’clock here it’s only 8 o’clock in Los Angeles.” 1. Miss Gorgers was teaching her class . A. how to telephone

B. about electricity C. about time zone(时区)

D. about sound 2. Miss Gorgers asked this question because she wanted to know whether . A. it was easy to phone to Los Angeles

B. her student could hear her from 75 feet away C. her students had grasped(理解)her lesson D. sound waves were slower than electricity 3. Tom thought that electricity was . A. slower than sound waves

B. faster than sound waves C. not so fast as sound waves D. as fast as sound waves 4. Kate thought Tom was wrong because . A. clocks in Los Angeles showed a different time from those in New York B. electricity was slower than sound waves C. Tom was not good at physics at all D. Tom’s answer had nothing to do with sound waves 5. Whose answer do you think is correct acoording to the law of physics? A. Tom’s B. Kate’s C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B

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英语阅读

a long beard(胡子) and takes good care of it. It was Sunday yesterday. There was a big football match of the year on the playground in the centre of the city. Mr. King likes the game very much and of course he was going to watch it. With his friends’ help he got a ticket a few days ago. After breakfast he hurried to the bus stop, but a lot of people were waiting there. A bus came and he hardly got on. There were plenty of people in it and it was difficult for them to put their feet. He had to grip(抓住)the back of a chair. At the next stop a boy got on the bus. He looked around and saw Mr. King’s beard and grip it. The man found it at once and called out, “Let go of(松开)my beard, boy!”

“Are you going to get off, sir?” asked to boy. 11. Mr. King is a . A. player B. runner

C. teacher D. driver 12. Mr. King was going to watch the match because . A. he teaches P. E. in a middle school B. he likes football very much C. he had already got a ticket

D. he didn’t go to work yesterday 13. It was difficult for Mr. King to stand because . A. he had drunk too much B. the bus was too small C. he got on the bus too late D. it was very crowded in the bus 14. The boy gripped Mr. King’s beard because . A. he was afraid to fall again

B. he wanted to make the man angry C. he hoped the man to find a seat for him D. he hoped the man to get off soon 15. Mr. King was afraid , so he shouted at him. A. the boy would pull him down B. the boy would hurt his beard C. the boy could be hurt again

D. the boy would borrow his ticket

G My friend is a taxi drives. He has been a taxi driver for ten years. It’s a nice job most of the time. He can meet a lot of people. He always works at night because there is too much traffic during the day. He usually goes home between two o’clock in the morning. There are some very strange things, which often happen at night. One day my friend was taking a woman back home from a party at three o’clock in the morning. She had her little dog with her. When they got to her house, she found she had lost her key. So my friend waited in the car with the dog while she climbed in through the window. My friend waited and waited. After half an hour of honking he decided to find out what was going on. He tied the dog to a tree and started to climb in through the window. At that moment some policemen came. They thought my friend was a thief. Luckily, the woman came downstairs. She must have gone to sleep and forgotten about my friend and the dog. 16. The driver always works at night because it is easier to . A. drive B. climb in through window C. make money D. meet a lot of people 17. The woman climbed in through the window because . A. she wanted to have a sleep B. her husband didn’t open the door for her C. she didn’t want to pay the money D. she couldn’t find her key 18. The story happened .

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英语阅读

D. The three men had to land because they felt cold.

I Americans with small families own a small car or a large one. If both parents are working, they usually have two cars. When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van(住房汽车) A small car can hold(容纳)four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded(拥挤). A van hold seven persons easily, so a family three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel They could all travel together. Mr. Hagen and his wife had a third child last year. This made them sell a second car and buy a van. Their children sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family of five must carry many suitcases(衣箱)when they travel. When they arrive at their grandparents’ home, the suitcases are brought into the two seats can then carry the grandparents. Americans call vans motor homes. A motor home is always used for holidays. When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks. All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together. That is why motor homes have become very popular. In America there are many parks for motor homes. 6. From the passage, a van is also called ____________. A. a motor car B. a motor home C. a motorbike D. a big truck 7. Before Mr. Hagen and his wife bought a van, they__________. A. sold their old house B. moved to their grandparents’ house C. built a new place for a van D. sold their second car 8. A motor home is usually owned by a family with__________. A. a baby B. much money C. more than two children D. interest in vans 9. Americans usually use motor homer____________. A. to travel with all the family members of holiday B. to do some shopping with all the family members C. to visit their grandparents at weekends D. to drive their children to school every day 10. Motor homes have become popular because___________. A. they can take people to another city when people are free B. they can let families have a happier life when they go out for their holidays C. some people think motor homes are cheap D. big families can put more things in motor homes

J One day he went on a long way alone. Before he left home，his wife said，Now you have all these things. You need them on your way. Take care of your things on the way.He went to the station. He bought a ticket and got on the train with it. About an hour later，the conductor began to see the tickets. He came to the old man and said，Will you please show me your ticket?The old man looked for his ticket in all his pockets but he could not find it. He was very worried. I cant find my ticket. I really bought a ticket before I got on the train，said the old man. I think you are right. I believe you bought a ticket. All right，you dont have

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英语阅读

A few days later，Mrs. Weeks read another newspaper story to the class Some school pupils brought toys to Children’s Hospital last week. The toys were made by the pupils of Grade Three in Green Street School. The doctor said，We have never had so many wonderful toys. Our children are very happy with them. They say，‘THANK YOU，GRADE THREE.’

1. What was the first newspaper story mainly(主要)about? A. Sick children in Children’s Hospital B. Doctors in Children’s Hospital. C. Mrs. Weeks and her students. D. Toys made by the boys and girls. 2. What idea did Mrs. Weeks have in mind? A. Ask the class to give some money to the children in the hospital. B. Ask the class to send some of their own toys to the children in the hospital. C. Let the class make some toys themselves and give them to the children in the hospital. D. Tell the class to go to see the children in the hospital. 3. Doctors in Children’s Hospital didn’t have ____ to keep the children happy and quiet. A. enough time B. enough boys and girls C. get money to buy toys for D. enough doctors 4. At first，the doctors in Children’s Hospital wanted to ____ the sick children. A. give some money to B. make some toys for C. get money to buy toys for D. borrow some toys for 5. What Mrs Weeks really wanted to do is to ____. A. let everyone know her class B. save some money for toys C. make herself famous D. teach the pupils to do things themselves and be helpful to others

L Mr Smith made many tests (作试验) with different animals and the monkey was the cleverest of all the animals. One day Mr Smith put a monkey in a room. He also put some small boxes in it. In one of the boxes there was some food. " How long will it take the monkey to find the food? " Mr Smith said to himself. " Let me wait and see. " He left the room and waited outside. Three minutes later, he put his eye to the keyhole (钥匙眼). What did he see? He saw the eye of the monkey. The monkey was on the other side of the door and looked at Mr Smith through the keyhole. 1. Mr Smith made tests with __________. A. different animals B. the monkey only C. all the monkeys D. all of the cleverest animals 2. There was some food in _______ of the small boxes. A. some B. none C. one D. each 3. Mr Smith put a monkey and some boxes in a room because he wanted to know___________. A. how much food monkey could find B. how many boxes the monkey could carry C. how long it would take the monkey to put its eye to the keyhole

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第三篇：说明文《木棉》阅读答案

导语：作者逐一交代木棉花的开花时间、色泽、形状、大小等等，全面地解说了木棉花的特点;关于说明文《木棉》阅读答案，下面是小编给大家整理的相关内容，希望能给你带来帮助!

阅读下面的文章，完成24-27题(12分)

木棉，高十余丈，大数抱，枝柯一一对出，排空攫挐①，势如龙奋。正月发蕾，似辛夷而厚，作深红、金红二色，蕊纯黄六瓣，望之如亿万华灯，烧空尽赤，花绝大，可为鸟窠，尝有红翠、桐花凤之属藏其中。元孝诗：巢鸟须生丹凤雏，落英拟化珊瑚树。佳绝。

子大如槟榔，五六月熟，角裂，中有绵飞空如雪。然脆不坚韧，可絮而不可织，絮以褥以蔽膝，佳于江淮芦花。或以为布，曰緤，亦曰毛布，可以御雨，北人多尚之。绵中有子如梧子，随绵飘泊，著地又复成树。树易生，倒插亦茂，枝长每至偃地，人可手攀，故曰攀枝。其曰斑枝者，则以枝上多苔文成鳞甲也。

南海祠前，有十余株最古，岁二月，祝融生朝，是花盛发。观者至数千人，光气熊熊，映颜面如赭。花时无叶，叶在花落之后，叶必七，如单叶茶。未叶时，真如十丈珊瑚，尉佗所谓烽火树也。舟自牂牁江而上至端州，自南津、清岐二口而上至四会，夹岸多是木棉，身长十余丈，直穿古榕而出，千枝万条，如珊瑚琅玕②丛生。花垂至地，其落而随流者，又如水灯出没，染波欲红。自春仲至孟夏，连村接野，无处不开，诚天下之丽景也。其树易长，故多合抱之干，其材不可用，故少斧斤之伤，而又鬼神之所栖，风水之所藉，以故维乔最多与榕树等。

[注]①挐(ná)：通拏，执持。②琅玕(lánggān)：其一指美玉。其二指珠树，传说和神话中的仙树，其实似珠。

24、在文中找出木棉的别称：___或____(2分)

25、文章第一段的画线句写出了_______(2分)

26、根据文章内容，完成下面的表格。(4分)

说明对象

特征

说明方法

高十余丈，大数抱，枝柯一一对出。

木棉的果实

打比方、作比较

树易生、倒插亦茂

27、文章对木棉花进行了细致的描写，请对此作简要的赏析。(4分)

参考答案：

24、攀枝、斑枝

25、木棉枝条昂扬遒劲的姿态

26、说明对象

特征

说明方法

木棉的树干(外型)

高十余丈，大数抱，枝柯一一对出。

列数字

木棉的果实

大如槟榔、绵如飞雪，绵中有子

打比方、作比较

木棉的习性

树易生、倒插亦茂

27、作者逐一交代木棉花的开花时间、色泽、形状、大小等等，全面地解说了木棉花的特点;并运用比喻手法，形容其为亿万华灯、烧空尽赤、水灯出没，染波欲红，再加上观者至数千人，光气熊熊，映颜面如赭的侧面烘托，细腻生动地描绘出木棉花开时红艳繁华的盛景。

第四篇：说明文阅读(选择题)答案

三、说明文阅读(选择题)答案

(一)

1、C

2、C

3、C

4、B

(二)

5、A

6、D

7、A

(三)

8、A

9、D

10、C

(四)

11、A

12、B

13、C

14、B

第五篇：七年级语文说明文阅读专题训练和答案

. 语言的运用(40分) 1. 根据拼音写出汉字(10分) 盘曲línxún( ) lòu空( 休qì( ) yí和园( wéi幕(

) 丘hè(

) 鸣钟击qìng( )

)

) jiǒng然不同(

) ) zhuó磨(

2. 解释下列句中加线词语的意思。(4分)

a. 造型不够轻巧，色彩又觉伧俗。( ) b. 有的像注视行人，千态万状，惟妙惟肖。( ) 3. 填空题(10分) ①银烛秋光冷画屏，

。

②乡泪客中问，。③坐观垂钓者，。 ④《苏州园林》的作者是

，原名是

，是我国著名的作家、教育家、编辑家。

，讲究近景远景⑤为了达到这个目的，他们讲究亭台轩榭的，讲究假山池沼的，讲究花草树木的的。(a映衬 b布局 c层次 d配合) 4. 指出下列句子使用了什么说明方法(8分)

①这些石刻狮子，有的母子相抱，有的交头接耳，有的像倾听水声，有的像注视行人，千态万状，惟妙惟肖。( )

②几个园里有古老的藤萝，盘曲línxún的枝干就是一幅好画。( )

③布局和前三殿基本一样，但庄严肃穆的气氛减少了，图案也有明显的变化。( )

④我国的石拱桥几乎到处都有。……其中最著名的当推河北省赵县的赵州桥，还有北京丰台区的卢沟桥。( )

5. 找出并改正下列词语中的错别字：(4分) 重峦叠嶂诸如此类因地治宜巧妙绝论

俯仰生姿珠光宝气

自出心裁陡劳无益

6. 下面是桥梁专家茅以升对“桥”的解释。请你依照示例，以形象化的语言介绍一下“书”、“家”、“黑板”。(4分)

示例：桥是什么?不过是一条板凳，两条腿架着一块板，板上就可以承担重量，把这块板凳放大，“跨”过一条河，或是一个小谷，那就形成一座桥。

二. 阅读题

〈一〉赵州桥横跨在洨河上，是世界著名的古代石拱桥，也是造成后一直使用到现在的最早的石桥。这座桥修建于公元605年左右，到现在已经一千三百多年了，还保持着原来的雄姿……。

赵州桥非常雄伟，全长50.82米，两端宽9.6米，中部略窄，宽9米。桥的设计完全合乎科学原理，施工技术更是巧妙绝伦。唐朝的张嘉贞说它“制造奇特，人不知其所以为”。这座桥的特点是：

(一)全桥只有一个大拱，长达37.4米，在当时可算是世界上最长的石拱。桥洞不是普通的半圆形，而是像一张弓，因而大拱上面的道路没有陡坡，便于车马上下。

(二)大拱的两肩上，各有两个小拱。这个创造性的设计，不但节约了石料，减轻了桥身的重量，而且在河水暴涨的时候，还可以增加桥洞的过水量，减轻洪水对桥身的冲击。同时，拱上加拱，桥身也更美观。

(三)大拱由28道拱圈拼成，就像这么多同样形状的弓合拢在一起，做成一个弧形的桥洞。每道拱圈都能独立支撑上面的重量，一道坏了，其他各道不致受到影响。

(四)全桥结构匀称，和四周景色配合得十分和谐;桥上的石栏石板也雕刻得古朴美观。唐朝的张鷟说，远望这座桥就像“初月出云，长虹饮涧”。赵州桥高度的技术水平和不朽的艺术价值，充分显示了我国劳动人民的知识和力量。桥的主要设计者李春就是一位杰出的工匠，在桥头的碑文里刻着他的名字。 7. 赵州桥第二个特点中的“不但……而且”能否删去?为什么?(3) 8. 文中画线句表现了石拱桥的特点是：

(3)

9. 选段说明赵州桥的特点时，前后的顺序是否能颠倒，为什么?(3) 10. 说说下面句中加点的词语的表达作用。(6)

① 在当时可算是世界上最长的石拱。 ② 大拱的两肩上，各有两个小拱。 ③ 桥的主要设计者李春就是一位杰出的工匠。

11. 作者说“赵州桥非常雄伟”，同时引用唐朝的张嘉贞的话“制造奇特，人不知其所以为”，又引用唐朝的张鷟的话，说“初月出云，长虹饮涧”，但其说明的角度不同：(3) 作者是从说的;张嘉贞的话是从说的;张鷟的话是从方面说的。

12. 本文段采用了多种说明方法，请你举例列举三种。(3)

〈二〉屏可以分隔室内室外。过去的院子或是天井中，为避免从门外直接望见厅室，必置一屏，上面有书有画，既起分隔作用，又是艺术点缀，而且可以挡风。而空间上还是流通的，如今称为“流动空间”。小时候厅上来了客人，就躲在屏后望一下。旧社会男女有别，双方不能见面，只得借助屏风了。古代的画中常见室内置屏，它与帷幕起着同一作用。在古时皇家的宫廷中，屏就用得更普遍了。 13. 选段介绍了屏的作用是 14. 找出选段的中心句 15. 选段的结构方式是

(3)

，运用的说明方法有

(4)

(3)

16. 选段写小时候躲在屏后及古时男女借助屏风相望，是为了说明什么?这样写的作用是什么? (3)

17. 屏的作用除了文章所说的以外，还有其他的作用吗?你试着说一说。

〈三〉①“撒哈拉”在阿拉伯语中意为“大荒漠”。人类自有文字记载以来，最早提及“撒哈拉”这个词大约是在公元前430年。当时的希腊学者希罗多德在文献里第一次把“撒哈拉” 描述成一片人烟稀少的大沙漠，今天的情形与2000多年前没多大改变：沙海茫茫，无路可寻; 。

②然而“撒哈拉”并不是希罗多德笔下所描述的那样，自古就是不毛之地，这一点从撒哈拉沙漠中发现的史前壁画和岩画得到证明。大约公元前5000年至公元前2500年，撒哈拉处于一个绿茵时代，曾有过充沛的雨量，蓊郁的森林，青葱的草原，发达的畜牧业。 ③这片一度丰yú( )的沃土，而今为何面目全非呢?据科学家考察研究，这首先缘于“季风雨”的变化。

(3)

大约在史前期的后期，季风雨从非洲西部及中部把水分带到撒哈拉。公元前1万年左右，撒哈拉草原越来越潮湿;公元前3500年左右，湖泊面积也越来越大。可是，从这以后不知什么原因，撒哈拉的季风雨却少了起来，降雨量和蒸发量发生了无可逆转的失调。降下的雨水本已减少，又很快被太阳蒸发，水分难以积存，江河湖泊日益干hé( )。撒哈拉大草原就在这种湿润期和干旱期的反复更迭中，逐渐演变成为大沙漠。 ④当然，撒哈拉的变迁也无不与非洲最早的刀耕火种、乱伐森林、践踏植被有着密切的关系。就这样，经过了一个又一个世纪，这里的植物枯萎退化。撒哈拉从热带的“稀树草原”变成“干旷草原”，又从“干旷草原”变成沙漠。

⑤撒哈拉的变化给人类留下了不少值得深思的问题。 18. 根据文中的拼音写出汉字。丰yú 干hé

(2)

19. 根据上下文解释加点词语“不毛之地” (2) 20. 第1段末尾的横线上与上文衔接最恰当的一句是( A. 炎热的气候，行人很少。 B. 奇热的气候，少人问津。

)(3) C. 气候炎热，谁还去问津呢? D. 气候奇热，人迹罕至。

21. 从全文看，撒哈拉沙漠形成的过程是(3) ( )→( )→(

)→(沙漠)

22. 第四段开头加点的“当然”“也”“无不”在文中有什么作用?试加以解说。(3)

23. 本文是按照怎样的顺序来说明撒哈拉沙漠的变迁的：

(3)

24. 第3段中“降雨量和蒸发量发生了无可逆转的失调”在文中具体含义是什么? (3)

25. 指出撒哈拉草原变为沙漠的原因，并谈谈撒哈拉草原变为沙漠给我们的启示：(4) ① 撒哈拉草原变成沙漠的原因是： ② 撒哈拉草原变成沙漠给我们的启示是：

【试题答案】 1. 嶙峋镂 2. 粗俗鄙陋壑磬憩颐