实用服装专业英语

第一篇：实用服装专业英语

实用服装英语第七章第一节

CHAPTER 7 FASHION MODELING

7.1 How to Product Your Own Fashion Show

Planning Is Half the Battle 计划就是半个战场

A successful fashion show doesn’t just happen. It must be well planned from start to fashion. When a group of women get together to plan a moneymaking event, which is what they usually have in mind with a fashion show, they frequently haven’t the slightest idea where or how to begin. They have two alternatives. They can either blunder through (with the best will in the world) or hire professional help. 一个成功的时装表演不会自然而然地产生。从开始到时装表演结束它必须计划周详。当一群妇女在一起计划一个赚钱的事件,她们通常想到的就是一场时装秀,他们经常还完全没有头绪,或如何开始。她们有两个选择。不是犯错(拥有世界上最好的意愿)就是雇专业人事帮忙。

Sometimes, out of sheer luck and with the help of some heretofore unsuspected genius, a beautiful production will result from the first method. More often, it will be obviously amateur. Hiring professional help will result in a professional production, but the money so invested will have to be siphoned off from whatever has been earned for the organization. Hobson’s choice? Not really. There is one other alternative. The women can work with a plan that has been geared-specifically to their particular needs. This article has been prepared to assist groups and organizations with the business of putting on a perfect fashion show. 有时，除非是出于纯粹的运气，且在某些前所未有的天才人物的帮助下，一场精彩的表演才会产生自第一种方法。此外，很明显地他将是业余的。雇用专业的人帮忙会有专业的产品，但是投资在这上面的钱无论赚了多少都会被专业团体抽走。霍布森的选择?并非如此。还有另一种选择。妇女可以制定一个完全可以满足她们特殊需求的计划。本文旨在帮助那些从事完美的时装表演的团体和组织。

This can be done by an organization, a dress shop, a church, a school, or another group. Your planning will actually cover two categories: administration and fashion show production. 这可以被做到通过一个组织，一个服装店，一座教堂，一所学校，或其他的群体。你的计划通常包括两方面：管理和时装秀产品。

Administration involves the backstage workings of the entire endeavor. Under this heading come most, sometimes all, of your committees. It covers tickets, publicity, prizes, hostesses, wardrobe women, and so on. 管理涉及到后台运作的整个努力。在这个标题下又是最多想到的就是你的所有的委员会。它包括票，宣传，奖品，迎宾员，展台的女性，等等。

Fashion Show Production, as its name implies, will cover selection of a theme, preparing the program, choosing the models, the clothes, and the accessories. In short, all the drama of a fashion show from rehearsals to the finale. 时装表演组织，正如它的名字显示的，它包括一个主题的选择，准备表演，选择模特，服装和配饰。简言之，就是一个时装表演从彩排到最后的所有的情节。

Since you should have all your administration details ironed out before you attempt anything else, let’s have first things first. 既然你本应该在尝试别的其他东西以前将你的所有管理细节解决，那就首先做第一件事情。

Planning Your Administration 计划你的管理

Within an organization, many will have to give up much of their time and/or talent. Before any of you touch a pencil or lift a telephone, you must select your time, pick your place, and choose your committees. 在一个组织里，很多人不得不放弃他们的许多时间或才能。任何人在拿起笔或接电话以前，都必须选择自己的时间，找准位置和选择委员会。

Time The first thing to be considered is the time you plan to have your showing. Always plan for an early spring or fall showing. You never plan a fashion show when all the sales are going on. Merchants want to show new merchandise early to stimulate buying for the coming season. The committee in charge of selecting the fashions should check with the stores whose clothes they plan to use, and make sure when their merchandise will be available. 首先需要考虑的事情就是你计划举办表演的时间。计划是在早春表演还是秋季表演。你不能计划一场时装表演当所有的销售已经在进行。商人想要尽早的展示新的商品去刺激购买在下季度来临时。负责选择时装的委员会应该商议哪家商店应打算出售谁的服装，然后当他们的商品可以使用的话就会确定下来。

Before you do even this, it’s a wise idea to call your local Chamber of Commerce and find out what fashion shows and other city events are planned during the same month. It is always good judgment to have your show on a day that is clear of other events. You will lose out on revenue if you find yourself competing with a function that your potential patrons will find equally-or more- attractive than yours. 在你这样做之前,即使是这个,这是一个明智的想法要联系你当地的商会和找出时装表演和其他城市事件计划同月。它总是好的判断你的显示某一天是明确的其他事件。你将失去收入,如果你发现自己在和一个函数,你的潜在顾客会发现同样或更多——比你的吸引力。

August, September, and October are best for a fall showing. November and December are a little late, but a showing can be planned for then. There are fashion shows in December, but people are buying for Christmas, we hope, before December. 八月、九月、十月是最好的下跌显示。11月和12月都有点晚了,但一个显示可以计划然后。有时装表演在12月,但人们购买圣诞节,我们希望,在12月前。 March, April, and May are for your spring and summer fashion shows. In some areas, February could be used, but stores might not have all their spring merchandise in. They may, but you’ll have to check this out with the stores. June and July are rather late, as they are sale months. January and February are sale months also. 三月,四月,五月是为你的春季和夏季时装表演。在一些地区,2月可以被使用,但是商店可能没有他们所有的弹簧商品。他们可能,但你得看看这个和商店。六月和七月是相当晚,因为它们是几个月出售。一月和二月是销售月也。

Once you have established you date, planning two months ahead, I would say, is ideal and should give you enough time. Just to keep you on the calendar for your own city, though, it doesn’t hurt to plan six months in advance. This is most important. 一旦你建立了你的日期,规划两个月前,我会说,是理想的,应该给你足够的时间。只是让你的日历上为你自己的城市,不过,它不会伤害到计划提前六个月。这是最重要的。

Place Most fashion shows are held in dining rooms of hotels, and a luncheon is part of the package. You can also hold a fashion show in a clubroom or a special room in a hotel, a cocktail room or small ballroom, or a restaurant. Perhaps one of the theater owners in your city will let you use his facilities. You could use the community theater, or if it’s a school presentation, you have the school auditorium. 大多数时装秀在餐厅举行的酒店,和一个午宴是计划的一部分。你也可以持有一个时装表演在一个俱乐部聚会室或一个特别的房间在一个旅馆,一个鸡尾酒房间或小舞厅,或一个餐馆。也许一个剧院老板在你的城市将会让你用他的设施。你可以使用社区剧场,或者如果它是一个学校演讲,你有学校礼堂。

Once you’ve decided on the place, it’s up to the proper committee to make sure that the location is available for the chosen date, that facilities will be ample for your needs, what exactly is provided by the management, and that the contracts, or letters of agreement, are gone over carefully before singing. 一旦你已经决定在这个地方,需要适当的委员会,以确保位置可供选择的日期,这将为你的设施充足需求,究竟什么是提供的管理,合同,或字母的协议,已经超过前仔细唱歌。 Committees Next, you select your committees, and each committee should have a co-chairman and someone to assist her. When all committees are chosen, the Ways and Means chairman has jurisdiction over all committees and keeps in touch with all of them. All reports are given to her, and she should keep a chart of the calls that come in and what is being done. 接下来,您选择您的委员会,每个委员会都应该有一个联合主席和有人来帮助她。当所有的委员会选出,该方法和手段主席有权管辖所有委员会和保持联系,与所有这些。所有的报告都给她的,她应该保持一个图表的电话,进来,正在做什么。

There should be regular periodic meeting of individual committees, as well as meetings of committee chairmen. Each chairman and co-chairman should know her own responsibilities. 定期会议应当有个人的委员会,以及会议的委员会主席。每个主席和联合主席应该知道自己的责任。

You will need a committee for each of these: 下面的每一项你将都需要一个委员会： 1. Publicity 宣传 2. Program 表演 3. Table decorations 桌上的装饰品 4. Tickets 票 5. Backstage

(lights,

props,

decorations,

etc.) 后台(灯光，道具，饰品，等等) 6. Prizes 奖品

Besides these committees, you will need: 1. Fashion coordinator 时装合作者

2. Commentator (sometimes the same person as the coordinator) 协调者(有时候和合作者是同一人)

3. stage manager and stagehands 舞台监督和工作人员 4. Musician or musicians 音乐家

5. Spotlight man and electricians 灯光人员和电工 6. Sound man (microphone) 音响师 7. Wardrobe 服装 8. Hostesses 服务员

Music Music for your production is most important. You cannot present a good show without it. 音乐,对您的产品是非常重要的。没有它你不能举办一场好的表演。

Keep it simple and easy to understand. Word it so that you can be as original as you like within a short title. I think it’s the clever little touches that make all the difference. 保持简单和容易理解。单词,这样你可以作为原始只要你喜欢在一个短标题。我认为这是聪明的小触动,使所有的差异。

Of course, the commentary will have to be build around this theme up to a point, but don’t be afraid to be original. Make up something more imaginative than just “Springtime Fashion”or “Fall Fashion.” You can do better than that! 当然,评论必须建立在这个主题在一定程度上,但是不要害怕被原始。编造一些更有想象力不仅仅是“春季时尚”或“秋季时装。“你能做得更好!

Your Script

Use scenes to give your fashion show meaning. You can have four, six, eight scenes. You may have as many as you think you can handle, within reason. 使用场景给你的时尚秀意义。你可以有四,六,八个场景。你可能会有多达你认为你能处理,理智的。

Let’s assume you have six scenes. Your opening scene would be “Sports.” “Daytime”would be second, “Travel,” third, “Theater,” fourth, “Cocktail Party,” fifth, and “Formal,” sixth. 让我们假设你有六个场景。你的开头场景将是“体育。“白天”将是第二,“旅行”,第三,“戏剧”,第四,“鸡尾酒会,”第五,和“正式的”,第六。

This can vary in many ways. It might be a “Swimming Party” and you’ll show a whole scene of bathing suits, or “Outdoor Fun” and you’ll build it around several outdoor sports. 这可以在很多方面有所不同。这可能是一个“游泳派对”,你就可以让整个场景的泳衣,或“户外乐趣”,您将构建在一些户外运动。

Build your own scenes, even if the subject is a housewife - in the kitchen, on the patio, or gardening. What will she wear gardening? You can have many brief scenes, but I don’t want to complicate it too much. I’m just suggesting how to put on a fashion show for an organization, and I’m not trying – much as I would like to!–to make a big production of it. 构建自己的场面,即使这个话题是一个家庭主妇,在厨房,在院子里,或园艺。她会怎么穿园艺吗?你可以有很多简短的场景,但是我不想复杂太多。我只是建议如何举办了一场时装秀,一个组织要和我不尝试,就像我想!——做一个大生产它。

In an opening scene, since all the models are dressed, it’s really very effective to have most of them onstage when the curtain opens. You may position them around the setting or in a group. Let them model, one at a time, or two at a time. Whichever you like. This makes a marvelous grand opening. 在开头的场景,因为所有的模型都是穿着,它真的很有效,他们中的大多数在舞台上当窗帘打开。你可能位置在设置或一个团体。让他们的模型,一次一个,或两次。不论你喜欢。这使得一个了不起的盛大开幕。

From then on, the models will need time to dress. With an organization-where the girls aren’t professionals who are able to dress quickly-eight or ten models would be used. Ten would be best, because then they would have plenty of time to change. With professionals, you can do it with six models. They can dress quickly. Eight is certainly much easier. I wish I could always use eight in a fashion show, but organizations can’t always afford eight professionals, so six are used. Eight or ten are ideal. 从那时起,模型将需要时间来礼服。与一个组织,这些女孩并非专业人士能够衣服很快八或十模型将被使用。10将是最好的,因为他们都有足够的时间来改变。与专业人士,你可以做到有六个模型。他们可以穿很快。八个当然是容易得多。我希望我能总是使用一分之八的时装表演,但组织不能总是承担八个专业人士使用,所以六。八到十个是理想的。

If an organization would like to have more of their members model, there is nothing wrong with having sixteen models, if they choose, and have fewer changes. Instead of wearing six changes, let each model wear four or even three so that all have a chance to participate. 如果一个组织想要更多的成员模型,没有错有十六个模型,如果他们选择,有更少的变化。而不是穿六变化,让每个模型穿四个甚至三个,都有机会参与。

Have a theme and have different scenes. If you have enough models, they can come out in different groups or colors. 有一个主题,有不同的场景。如果你有足够的模特，他们可以以不同组合或颜色出场。

第二篇：电气专业实用英语(英汉对照)

电气实用英语汇编

一.电气名词 Electric items 二.线路(母线、回路)Lines (Bus, circuits) 三.设备 Equipments 四.保护、继电器 Protection , relays 五.电气仪表 Electric instruments 六.防雷 Lightning protection 七.接地 Grounding, earthing 八.室、所 Room , Substation 九.电修车间设备 Equipments of electric repair 十.材料 Material 十一.图名 Drawings, diagrams 十二.表头 Tables 十三.标准图词汇 Terms from standard DWG

一.电气名词 Electric items 交(直)流 Alternating (direct) current 短路电流 Short-circuit current 起始次暂态短路电流 Initial subtransient short-circuit current 冲击电流 Impulse current 稳态短路电流 Steady state short-circuit current 临界电流 Critical current 切断电流 Rupturing current 熔断电流 Blow-out current 故障电流 Fault current 计算电流 Calculating current 极限有限电流 Limit effective current 过电流 Over current 逆电流 Inverse current 整定电流 Setting current 额定电流 Rated current 电流密度 Current density 短路电流最大有效值 Maximum effective value of short-circuit current 高压 High-voltage , High-tension 低压 Low-voltage , Low-tension 计算电压 Calculating voltage 激磁电压 Exciting voltage 冲击电压 Impulse voltage 临界电压 Critical voltage 残留电压 Residual voltage 击穿电压 Puncture voltage 脉动电压 Pulsating voltage 供电电压 Supply voltage 电力电压 Power voltage 照明电压 Lighting voltage 灯丝电压 Filament voltage 额定电压 Rated voltage 电压损失 Voltage loss 过(欠)电压 Over (under) voltage 线路电压 Line voltage 电压降 Voltage drop 工作电压 Working voltage 一次电压 Primary voltage 二次电压 Secondary voltage 电源 Electric source (power supply) 自控电压 Power supply for process control 6kV控制闪光电源 Flashing supply for 6kV control 工作电源 Working power supply (electric source) 保安电源 Emergency power supply (electric source) 直流稳压电源 Stabilized D.C. source 控制电源 Control supply 直流电源 D.C. source 交流电源 A.C. source 负荷计算 Load calculation 设备容量 Installed capacity 需要容量 Electric demand 功率因数 Power factor 安装高度 Mounting height 耐电压 Breakdown voltage 工频耐压 High-voltage test with working frequency 表面闪络 Surface flash-over 直流泄漏 D.C. leakage 体电阻率 Volume resistivity 介质损失角 Dielectric loss angle 击穿强度 Puncture intensity 电压等级 Voltage grade 比重 Specific gravity 性能 Feature 相序 Phase sequence 瞬时 Instantaneous 倾角 Angle of inclination 跨度 Span 正极 Positive pole 负极 Negative pole 截面(积) Cross section area 辅助电源 Auxiliary source 遮断容量 Interrupting capacity 载流量 Current-carrying capacity 校正系数 Correction factor 连续负荷 Continuous load 长期载流量 Continuous capacity 长时间额定值 Longtime rating 电动机堵转电流 Locked-rotor motor current 限定负荷 Limited load 电感负荷 Inductive load 感应电流 Induced current 二.线路(母线、回路)Lines (Bus , circuits) 母线 Bus-bar 合闸电源 母线 Closing power source bus 闪光母线 Flashing-bus 备用母线 Spare bus 装在支柱上的插接式母线 Post-supported plug-in bus way 装在吊钩上的插接式母线 Hook-supported plug-in bus way 装在支架上的插接式母线 Bracket-supported plug-in bus way 小母线 Miniature bus 电源小母线 Power supply miniature bus 操作小母线 Operating miniature bus 事故信号小母线 Miniature bus for fault signal 闪光小母线 Flashing miniature bus 主母线 Main bus 直流主母线 D.C. main bus 预告母线 Prewarning bus 干线 Main line 照明干线 Lighting main line 接地干线 Grounding main line 插座干线 Receptacle main line 电压干线 Voltage main line 端子出线 Terminal outgoing 中性线 Neutral 支线 Branch-line 引入线 Lead-in 电气线路 Electric circuit 交流配电线路 A.C. distribution circuit 直流配电线路 D.C. distribution circuit 事故照明线路 Emergency lighting circuit 控制线路 Control circuit 接地或接零线路 Grounding or neutralizing circuit 信号线路 Signal circuit 有接地极的接地线路网 Grounding with grounding electrodes 定子绕组测温回路 Temperature measuring circuit for stator winding 接地信号回路 Grounding signal circuit 闪光信号回路 Flashing-signal circuit 开阀回路 Circuit for opening valve 关(闭)阀回路 Circuit for closing valve 开度计回路 Circuit for opening meter 电流测量回路 Current-measuring circuit 差动保护回路 Differental protective circuit 过流保护回路 Over-current protective circuit 合闸回路 Closing circuit 停车延时回路 Delayed shutdown circuit 掉闸回路 Trip circuit 激磁回路 Exciting circuit 备用回路 Spare circuit 主回路 Main circuit 馈路 Feeder circuit 现有回路 Existing circuit 单线回路 Single-wire circuit 接地回路 Earthed circuit 有电压的电路 Live circuit 三.设备 Equipments 高压开关柜 H.V. switchgear 动力配电箱 Power distribution cabinet 电源配电箱 Source distribution cabinet 直流配电屏 D.C. switchboard (distribution panel) 交流低压配电屏 A.C.L.V. switchboard (distribution panel) 静电电容器柜 Static capacitor cabinet 多种电源插销箱 Receptacle box for miscellaneous power supplies 控制箱 Control cabinet 照明配电箱 Lighting (distribution panel) 连接箱 Junction box 出线盒 Outlet box 开关箱 Switch box 控制台 Console 分段屏 Sectionalizing panel 进线屏 Incoming line panel 电控箱 Electric control panel 边屏 Side board 端子箱 Terminal box 供电盘 Power supply box 瓶车箱 Synchronizing cabinet 感应调压器专用变压器高压柜 Special transformer H.V. cabinet for induction voltage regulator 电压互感器柜 Potential transformer cabinet 信号屏 Signal panel 浮充屏 Floating panel 蓄电池屏 Battery panel 充电屏 Charging panel 母线联络柜 Bus tie cabinet 转换开关 Transfer switch 电压表转换开关 Voltmeter change-over switch 铁壳开关 Metal-clad switch (Iron-clad switch) 管式熔断器 Cartridge fuse 真空断路器 Vacuum circuit breaker (V.C.B.) 自动开关 Automatic switch 高压 负荷开关 H.V. load break switch 三极高压断路器 3-pole HV circuit-breaker 刀开关 Knife switch 转换开关 Transfer switch 双极铁壳开关 2-pole iron-clad switch 风扇变速开关 Fan speed regulator switch 密闭照明灯开关 Hermetic lighting switch 防爆照明灯开关 Explosion-proof lighting switch 行程开关 Limit switch 高压隔离开关 H.V. disconnecting switch 明装单极板钮开关 Surface-mounted single-pole toggle switch 暗装单极板钮开关 Flush-mounted single-pole toggle switch 三路开关 Three-way switch 气密式组合开关 Hermetic packet type switch 防护式开关 Guard type switch 联锁开关 Interlock switch 操作方式选择开关 Selecting switch for types of operation 控制电源开关 Switch for control supply 主令开关 Master switch (controller) 多切点切换开关 Multi-point change-over switch 按钮 Push-button 控制按钮 Control push-button 防爆控制按钮 Explosion-proof control push-button 事故紧急按钮 Emergency stopping push-button 起动按钮 Starting push-button 停止按钮 Stopping push-button 现场按钮 Push-button in field 挡板 damper 音响解除按钮 Push-button for sound release 起动器 Starter 磁力起动器 Magnetic starter 综合起动器 Combination starter (Magnetic starter combination) 电力变压器 Power transformer 调压变压器 Voltage regulating transformer 电压互感器 Potential transformer 电流互感器 Current transformer 照明变压器 Lighting transformer 三相三绕组变压器 3-phase tertiary winding transformer 高压试验变压器 H.V. testing transformer 局部照明变压器 Local lighting transformer 多量程仪用电流互感器 Multi-range current transformer for measurement 降压变压器 Step-down transformer 伺服电动机 Servo-motor 双电压电动机 Dual-voltage motor 感应电动机 Induction motor 交流异步电动机 A.C. asynchronous motor 同步电动机 synchronous motor 三相滑环感应电动机 3-phase slip-ring induction motor 三相鼠笼感应电动机 3-phase squirrel-cage induction motor 绕线式电动机 Wound-rotor induction motor 反应式电动机 Reaction motor 柴油发电机 Diesel generator 励磁发电机 Excitation generator 明装双极插座 Surface-mounted 2-pole receptacle 暗装双极插座 Flush-mounted 2-pole receptacle 双极带接地插座 2-pole receptacle with grounding contact 单相三孔明插座 Surface-mounted single phase 3-pole receptacle 防护式明装三相四孔插座 Guard type surface-mounted 3-phase 4-pole receptacle 配照型灯 Standard dome lighting fitting 搪瓷深照型灯 Enameled high bay lighting fitting 防水防尘灯 Water and dust proof lighting fitting 安全灯 Safety lighting fitting 隔爆灯 Explosion-proof lighting fitting 弯灯 Goose-neck light 壁灯 Wall light 高压水银灯 High pressure mercury vapor lighting fitting 投光灯 Flood-light (projection light) 信号灯 Signal lamp 天棚灯 Ceiling-mounted lighting fitting 局部照明灯 Local lighting fitting 灯座 Lamp holder 事故照明灯 Emergency lighting fitting 高压水银荧光灯 H.P. mercury fluorescent lighting fitting 广照型工厂灯 Wide lit type industrial fitting 深照型灯具 High bay lighting fitting 白炽灯具 Incandescent lamp (bulb) 圆球型灯 Globe lamp 嵌入式荧光灯 flush type fluorescent lighting fitting 红色障碍灯 Red obstruction lamp for aviation 厂区道路照明灯 Street lighting in plant area 路灯 Street lamp 视孔灯 Inspection hole lamp 立杆弯灯 goose-neck post lamp , pole lamp 模拟报警信号 Semigraph and alarm signal 自整角机 Selsyn 励磁机 Exciter 显示器 Display 电位器 Potentiometer 内电阻 Internal resistance 固定电阻(器) Fixed resistance 脱扣 Release , trip 分励 Shunt trip 特殊失压脱扣器 Special no-voltage release “或”开关放大器 “Or” switch amplifier 制动器 Brake 电容 Capacitor 整流器 Rectifier 镇流器 Chock 分流器 Shunt 油变阻器 Oil immersed rheostat 频敏电阻器 Frequency sensitive rheostat 滑线变阻器 Sliding rheostat 蜂鸣器 Buzzer 电机加热器 Space heater (for motor) 空气断路器电机操作机构 Motor operating mechanism for air circuit-breaker 可控硅励磁装置 Silicon controlled rectifier excitation device 保护装置 Protective device (element) 闪光装置 Flashing device 接闪装置 (避雷器) Lightning arrester 断相保护 Phase failure protection 四.保护、继电器 Protection , relays 信号继电器 Signal relay 过电流继电器 Over-current relay 电压继电器 Voltage relay 时间继电器 Time relay 中间继电器 Auxiliary relay 热继电器 Thermal relay 温度继电器 Temperature relay 瓦斯继电器 Gas relay 控制电源中间继电器 Auxiliary relay for control supply 自动操作继电器 Relay for auto-operation 低电压继电器 Under-voltage relay 过电压继电器 Over-voltage relay 联锁继电器 Interlock relay 冲击继电器 Impact relay 合闸位置继电器 Close position relay 逆流继电器 Reverse-current relay 差流继电器 Differential current relay 差动继电器 Differential relay 电流继电器 Current relay 功率继电器 Power relay 接地继电器 Earthing relay 重合闸继电器 Reclosing relay 同步继电器 Synchronous relay 速动继电器 Quick acting relay 定时限继电器 Definite time relay 光电继电器 Photoelectric relay 电子继电器 Electronic relay 电磁式继电器 Electromagnetic relay 电动式继电器 Electrodynamic relay 气压继电器 Gas-pressure relay 继电器常开触点 Relay N.O. contact 继电器常闭触点 Relay N.C. contact 继电器保护触点(常开) Relay holding contact (N.O.) 能自动返回的常闭按钮触点 Self-return button with N.C. contact 模拟信号触点 Contact for semigraph signal 强励磁接点 Shock excitation contact 电感线圈 Induction coil 电流线圈 Current coil 脱扣线圈 Trip coil 合闸线圈 Close coil 释放线圈 Releasing coil 掉闸线圈 Tripping coil 予告信号 Prewarning signal 掉闸回路断线信号 Breakage signal of trip circuit 断路器事故掉闸信号 Fault trip signal of breaker 掉闸音响信号 Tripping audible signal 重瓦斯预告信号 Heavy gas prewarning signal 温度预告信号 Temperature prewarning signal 手动、自动操作时事故信号 Fault signal in manual/automatic operation 保护掉闸 Protective trip 控制掉闸 Control trip 手动跳闸 Manual trip 变电所紧急停车 Emergency shutdown at substation 工艺故障 Fault in process 励磁故障 Fault in excitation 工作电源失电报警 No-voltage alarm of working electric source 工作电源分合闸 On and off of working electric source 工作电源投入 Throw-in of working electric source 保安电源送电 supply of emergency electric source 运转指示 Indicating of operation 投入指示 Indicating of throw-in 同步指示 Indicating of synchronism 延时停车 Delayed shutdown 电源切除 Switch off the power supply 速断及过流断通 Instantaneous trip and over-current off/on 自保持 Self-holding 自锁 Self-lock 联锁 Interlocking 绝缘监视 Insulation supervision 电压监视 Voltage supervision 联锁解除 Release of interlock 工作、保安电源切换 Transfer of working and emergency power supply 发电机与工作母线并车 Synchronization of generator to working bus 重瓦斯保护 Heavy gas protection 开或闭超扭矩保护 Over-torque protection during opening and closing valve 电机起动顺序 Sequence of motor starting 铭牌框注字 Name plate denotation (inscription) 五.电气仪表 Electric instruments 电流表 Ammeter 电压表 Voltmeter 三相三线有功电度表 Three-phase three-wire kilowatt-hour meter , kWh meter 单相电度表 Single-phase kilowatt-hour meter 三相无功电度表 Three-phase kilovar-hour meter 有功功率表 Active power meter , kilowatt meter 无功功率表 Reactive power meter , kilovar meter 三相瓦特表(功率表) Three-phase watt meter 功率因数表 Power factor meter 频率表 Frequency meter 验电流器 Galvanoscope 欧姆表 Ohmmeter 相位表 Phase meter 转速表 Tachometer 波长表 Wave-length meter 三相四线制标准电度表 3-phase 4-wire standard watthour-meter 过载电流表 Overload ammeter 低功率因数瓦特表 Low power-factor wattmeter 交直流两用钳型电流表 A.C./D.C. multi-purpose tongtester 兆欧表 Megger , Megohmmeter 万用表 Avometer 微安表 Microammeter 毫安表 Milliammeter 各种测量仪表 Various kind of measuring instruments 接地电阻测量仪 Earthing resistance tester 真空管电压表 Vacuum tube voltmeter 电动秒表 Electric second-meter 六.防雷 Lightning protection 避雷装置 Lightning protector 避雷针 Lightning rod 避雷带 Strap type lightning protector 避雷网 Network of lightning protector 避雷针支架 Lightning rod support 避雷针尖 Tip of lightning rod 避雷针拉铁 Brace for lightning rod 避雷器 Lightning arrester , surge discharger 球型避雷器 Spherical arrester 管形避雷器 Tubular arrester 阀形避雷器 Auto-valve arrester 低压避雷器 Low voltage arrester 角形 避雷器 Horn arrester 多隙避雷器 Multigap arrester 铝避雷器 Aluminum cell arrester 氧化膜避雷器 Oxide film arrester 击穿保险器 Puncture lightning arrester 雷击 Lightning stroke 直接雷击 Direct lightning stroke 感应雷击 Induction lightning stroke 雷电日 Thunderbolt days 雷电或然率 Lightning and thunder probability 触电 Electric shock 静电感应 Electrostatic induction 七.接地 Grounding , earthing 接地保护 Ground protection , earth protection 防雷接地 Grounding for lightning 保护接地 Protective earthing 人工接地 Artificial grounding 工作接地 Working grounding , working earthing 重复接地 Multiple earthing 屏蔽接地 Screen earthing , shielding ground 中性点接地 Neutral point grounded 接地系统 Grounding system , earthing system 接地故障 Ground fault , earth fault 单相接地 Single phase earthing 母线接地 Bus ground 接地装置 Grounding device , earthing device 引下线 Down-lead , down conductor 引下线固定 Clamping plate of support for fixing 支架夹板 Down lead 引下线固定支脚 Support for fixing down lead 接地线 Ground connector 接地干线 Ground(ing) main , (bus) 接地网 Grounding network , earthing network 接地极 Earth electrode (pole) 接地电阻 Earth resistance 接地电路 Earth (ground) circuit 连接条 Connecting strip 断接卡 Connecting clamp 八.室、所 Room , Substation 贮藏室 Storage 套间 Compartment 蓄电池室 Battery room 控制室 Control room 配电室 Distribution room 维修间 Repair room 变电所 Substation 高压配电室 H.V. distribution room 休息室 Rest room 九.电修车间设备 Equipments of electric repair 砂轮机 Emery wheel grinder 台钻 Bench drilling machine 交流电焊机 A.C. welding machine 移动式空气压缩机 Portable air compressor 手电钻 Electric hand drill 单速手摇绕线机 Single speed hand winding machine 导线钳压器 Wire jointing press-clamp 油压千斤顶 Hydraulic jack 电吹尘器 Electric dust cleaner 存放柜 Store chest 高压试验变压器 H.V. testing transformer 泄漏试验变压器 Leakage testing set 大电流发生器 Strong current generator 油浸自冷感应调压器 Oil-immersed self-cooled induction voltage regulator 多量程仪用电流互感器 Multi-range current transformer for measurement 仪用电感互感器 Instrumental voltage transformer 单相自耦变压器 Single-phase auto-transformer 三相自耦变压器 3-phase auto-transformer 硅整流器 Silicon rectifier 仪表试验台 Testing stand for instrument 接触器，继电器试验台 Relay and contactor testing stand 慢扫描示波器 Slow scanning oscillograph 交流电子稳压器 A.C. electronic voltage stabilizer 携带式交流电桥 Portable A.C. electric bridge 接地电阻测量仪 Earthing resistance tester 电缆故障探伤仪 Cable fault detector 直流单臂电桥 D.C. single-arm electric bridge , Wheatstone bridge 十.材料 Material 绝缘包布 Insulating tape 填料 Filler , packing 绝缘膏 Insulating compound 电缆膏 Cable compound 防腐油 Anti-corrosive oil 沥青漆 Bituminous varnish 绝缘漆 Insulating varnish 瓷漆 Enamel varnish 有色金属 Non-ferrous metal 黑色金属 ferrous metal 白金属 White metal 云母 Mica 环氧树脂 Epoxy resin 聚氯乙烯 Polyvinyl chloride , PVC 蜡 Wax 滑石粉 Talc powder 电胶木 Bakelite 聚丙烯外壳 Polyacrylic cover 耐油橡胶管 Oil-proof rubber tubes 接地铜线 Grounding copper wire 垫圈 Pad 塑料绝缘线 Plastics insulated wire 橡套电缆 Rubber sheathed cable 中间接头 Splice 填充剂 Filling agent 绝缘电线 Insulated wire 移动软电缆 Movable flexible cable 补偿导线 Extension wire 套管 Bushing 母线槽 Busway 悬索 Cable suspension 滑触线 Trolley conductor 镀锌煤气管 Galvanized gas pipe 镀锌角钢 Galvanized steel angle 镀锌扁钢 Galvanized steel strap 钢丝绳 Steel wire rope 电笛 Siren 电磁阀 Electromagnetic valve 连接片 Connecting link 切换片 Transfering link 端子排 Terminal board 半导体二极管 Semiconductor diode 开度计 Opening meter 逻辑元件 Logical element 接线盒 Junction box 仪表槽板 Instrument trunking 电缆吊架 Cable hanger 出线套 Outgoing line sleeve 十一.图名 Drawings , diagrams 电气图纸目录 Contents of electric drawings 电力系统图 Electric power system diagram 照明系统图 Lighting system diagram 电力平面布置图 Electric power layout plan 照明平面布置图 Lighting layout plan 单线图 One line diagram 控制箱面部布置图 Surface arrangement of control box 背部接线图 Back wiring (diagram) 外部接线图 External (outside) wiring diagram 内部接线图 Internal (inside) wiring diagram 控制原理图 Principle control diagram 原理图 Schematic diagram 展开图 Developed diagram 电气标准图 Electric standard drawing 电气施工图 Electric working drawing 复用图 Reproducibles (drawing) 电缆联系图 Cable hook-up diagram 转换开关接点图 Contact diagram of transfer switch 箱侧视图 Side view of box 正视图 Front view , facade 背视图 Back view 剖面图 Section 参考图 Reference drawing 电缆敷设图 Cable laying diagram 箱内框架布置图 Arrangement of frames inside the cabinet 控制箱台面展开图 Surface developed diagram of console 出线端子示意图 Schematic diagram of terminal outgoing lines 端子接线图 Diagram of terminal connections 电气管线表 List of wire , cable and conduits 设备材料表 List of equipment and materials 十二.表头 Tables 电力系统图 Power system diagram 引入线 Lead in 保护设备 Protective device 型号 Type 额定值 Rating 整定值 Setting 主启动设备回路 Circuit to starting device 导线型号、芯数、截面及管径 Conductor type , cores , section & diameter of conduit 线长 Wire length 管长 Conduit length 启动设备 Starting device 型号规格 Type , specification 保护元件 Protective element 计量装置 Calculating device 用电设备主回路 Main circuit of electric equipment 控制回路 Control circuit 控制装置 Control device 用电设备 Electric equipment 设备容量 Consumer capacity 生产设备 Production equipment 位号 No. of location 名称 Name 备注 Remarks 引入线 Feed in 配电箱 Distribution cabinet 型号及编号 Type and No. 开关型号 Switch type 保护装置 Protective device 回路编号 Circuit No. 相别 Phase 灯数 Number of lamps 插座数 Number of receptacles 电缆编号 No. of line 起点 Starting 终点 Ending 母线截面 Section of bus 零母线 Neutral bus 屏编号 Panel No. 型号及方案号 Type and variant No. 控制原理图号 Principle control diagram 工艺位号 Process item No. 十三.标准图词汇 Terms from standard DWG 电工系统图图形符号 Graphic symbols for electric system 交流电的相别 A.C. phase sequence 直流电的正负极 D.C. positive and negative poles 有中性点引出线的星形连接的三相绕组 Star-connected three phase windings with neutral outlet 开口三角形连接的三相绕组 3-phase winding with open delta connection 互相连接的导线 Cross connection of wires 不连接的跨越导线 Crossing wires not in contact with each other 可拆卸的电气连接 Removable connection 电缆终端头 Pothead of cable or cable end 自耦变压器 Auto-transformer 感应 调压器 Induction voltage regulator 凸极同步电动机 Salient pole synchronous motor 带接换装置的蓄电池组 Accumulator battery with tap-changers 空气断路器 Air circuit-breaker 保持触点 Holding contact 热元件 Thermal element 自动复位的操作开关 Spring-return operating switch 插接器 Plug-in connector 电喇叭 Horn 电炉 Electric furnace 分流器 Shunt 可控硅整流箱屏 Silicon controlled rectifier box panel 直流配电屏 D.C. distributing panel 磁力起动器组 Magnetic starter group 自动开关箱 Automatic switch box 行程开关 Limit switch 局部灯 Local lighting fitting 荧光灯列 Series fluorescent lighting fitting 防护式灯开关 Protective switch 导线引上 Conductors turning up 导线引下 Conductors turning down 导线由上引来 Conductors turning from above 导线由下引来 Conductors turning from below 电缆沟 Cable trench 调压器 Voltage regulator 隔离变压器 Isolating transformer 击穿保护器 Puncturing safety device 晶体管 Transisorized diode 地坪 Grade level 电缆与水管平行 Cable running parallel to a water supply pipe 电缆与热力管道交叉敷设 Cable running across heat pipeline 车道 Drive way 电缆穿管与管道交叉 Cable protective pipe across a pipeline 双(单)侧支架电缆沟 Trench with rack on both sides (one side) 室外地坪 Outdoor grade 跨接线 Jumper 金属软管 Flexible metal tube 过渡接头 Adapter

第三篇：服装布料外贸英语专业词汇

2005-3-3 19:39:28

靛蓝青年布：Indigo chambray

人棉布植绒：Rayon cloth flocking

PVC植绒：PVC flocking

针织布植绒：Knitting cloth flocking

珠粒绒：Claimond veins

倒毛：Down pile making

平绒：velveteen (velvet-plain)

仿麂皮：Micro suede

牛仔皮植绒：Jeans flocking

尼丝纺：Nylon taffeta (Nylon shioze)

尼龙塔夫泡泡纱：Nylon seersucker taffeta素面植绒：plain flocking

印花植绒：flocking(flower)

雕印植绒：Embossing flocking

皮革沟底植绒：Leather imitation flocking

牛仔植绒雕印：Embossing jeans flocking

兔羊绒大衣呢：Angora cachmere overcoating双面呢：double-faced woolen goods羊毛

立绒呢：cut velvet

顺毛呢：over coating

粗花呢：costume tweed

弹力呢：lycra woolen goods

塔丝绒： Nylon taslon

塔丝绒格子：N/Taslon ripstop

桃皮绒：polyester peach skin

涤塔夫：polyester taffeta

春亚纺：polyester pongee

超细麦克布：Micro fiber

锦棉稠(平纹)：Nylon-cotton fabric (plain)

重平锦棉稠：Nylon-cotton-cotton fabric(double weft)人字锦棉纺：Nylon-cotton fabric

斜纹锦棉纺：Nylon-cotton fabric (twill)

素色天鹅绒：solid velvet

抽条磨毛天鹅绒：Rib fleece velvet

雪花天鹅绒：melange velvet

轧花天鹅绒：ginning velvet

粒粒绒布：pellet fleece velvet

麻棉混纺布：linen/cotton blended fabric

麻棉交织布：linen/cotton mixed fabric

素色毛巾布：solid terry

蚂蚁布：fleece in one side

素色卫衣布：solid fleece

鱼网布：fleece

彩条汗布：color-stripes single jersey

T/R弹力布：T/R bengaline

T/C色织格子布：T/C solid check fabric

弹力仿麂皮：Micro suede with spandex

T/R仿麂皮：T/R Micro suede

仿麂皮瑶粒绒复合布：100%polyester micro suede bounding with polar fleece仿麂皮针织布复合：100% polyester bounding with knitting micro suede fabric仿麂皮羊羔绒复合布：100% polyester micro suede bounding with lamb fur蜡光缎：cire satine

全消光尼丝纺：Full dull nylon taffeta

半消光尼丝纺：semi-dull nylon taffeta

亮光尼龙：Trilobal nylon

全消光塔丝隆：Full dull nylon taslan

全消光牛津布：full dull nylon oxford

尼龙格：Nylon rip-stop

塔丝隆格：Taslan rip-stop

哑富迪：Full dull Micro polyester pongee

全消光春亚纺：Full dull polyester pongee

春亚纺格子：polyester pongee rip-stop

全消光涤纶桃皮绒：Full dull polyester peach

宽斜纹桃皮绒：Big twill polyester peach

涤锦复合桃皮绒：poly/nylon peach

涤纶格子：polyester taffeta rip-stop

涤纶蜂巢塔丝隆：polyester honey taslan

全消光涤纶低弹牛津布：Full dull poly textured oxford

涤锦交织桃皮绒：Nylon/polyester inter-woven peach

第四篇：服装艺术设计类专业英语教学与改革

摘要：服装专业英语是服装设计专业学生的一门专业必修课，具有很强的专业性，是大学基础英语课程的延伸。能够开拓学生的国际视野，加强学生国际合作与交流的能力。本文从提高学生兴趣和教学效果着眼，对服装专业英语的教学方法和手段、教学内容和课程考核方式等方面提出了相应的教学改革，对于提高服装专业英语的教学效果起到指导作用。

关键词：服装;专业英语;教学改革;教学模式

中图分类号：G642.0 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1674-9324(2015)38-0115-03

一、前言

据中国海关总署最新统计数据显示，2014年1～9月我国服装累计出口1387.87亿美元，累计比去年同期增长6.5%[1]。服装业的不断深化发展趋势及激烈的人才竞争迫使服装专业的学生成为不仅会服装设计的人才，更为紧要的是成为既能从事服装设计又能获取国际服装资讯和进行国际交流的人才。《服装专业英语》是在大学英语课程修完的基础上，针对艺术设计(服装设计方向)的学生开设的一门专业限选课。是基础英语与国际时尚资讯的结合，能及时获取一手资讯信息，增进与国际著名设计师进行沟通和合作的能力，将中国元素更好地应用到服装设计中，在世界掀起中国风，进一步提高国际影响力。对专业英语的掌握能够提高学生在国际服装设计大赛中的影响力和活跃性。此外，在学生就业方面，专业英语的能力提高是至关重要的敲门砖，尤其是在服装外贸跟单、服装大型展、博览会或新产品推介会以及外资服装或服装定制生产企业等职位，较强的专业英语能力能够提升职业技术能力，提高学生在求职应聘中的竞争力。行业的发展及就业的需求使得服装专业英语的教与学的重要性日益凸显[2]。

服装专业英语这门课程在各大服装院校陆续开设[3]，目的是以服装专业知识为载体，培养学生在本专业领域运用英语进行专业沟通的能力。该课程的目标是培养国际上专业资讯等阅读的能力，另外针对服装专业学术文献的阅读，如艺术设计、服装工程、服装材料、服装生产管理、营销和销售等领域的动态及发展前沿;提高学生在专业知识上的听、说、读、写、译的能力。并为日后开展自学专业英语打下坚实的基础。但在现实的教学过程中，由于各种因素的影响导致了服装艺术设计专业的英语教学效果不太理想。

二、服装艺术设计专业英语教学现状及存在的问题

在设计类专业英语教学过程中普遍存在以下窘境[4-7]。首先，艺术设计专业的学生英语基础比较薄弱，对服装专业英语教学的重要性认识有待提升，缺乏专业英语学习主动性和兴趣，内心有恐惧心理，影响专业英语教学的顺利开展。其次，为使学生对专业整体框架有所把握，专业英语一般设置在专业课结束后的第七学期，这样的教学顺序比较合理但也会有一定的困境――学生面临找工作、参加面试、实习或考研复习、出国等情形，影响学生的出勤率。再有，教学方式比较单一，主要以教师的“教”为主，服装专业教师在口语方面稍有欠缺，课堂上的英语讨论对话环节薄弱;陈旧的教学内容，脱离专业前沿的教材等，教材的难易程度不一，或过于简单，或超出了设计类的专业范围，没有结合培养计划和学生的实际英语水平;最后，教学手段相对落后，以课堂说教及提问为主，没有充分利用多媒体，不能形成视、听、说相结合的语言学习氛围。这些消极因素，在激发学生的学习兴趣的过程中遇到障碍，学生对课程产生抵触，使教学效果不理想，何谈拓宽视野、与国际著名设计师交流以及吸收国际前沿资讯等更高层次的要求，使此门课程在人才培养方案中“形同虚设”。为提高教学效果，本课程组针对服装设计专业英语实施过程中的窘境，提出一系列的教学改革措施。

三、教学改革

针对专业英语的教学现状和存在的问题，教师通过实例强调使学生从思想上认识到专业英语学习的重要性，意识到专业英语在职业发展中的提升作用，突出课程内容的职业指向性、实践性、实用性、时代性和前瞻性[8]，为提高学生学习兴趣和主动性，王红歌等[9]采用项目教学法，苗绘[3]将元认知策略引入教学中，从而转变学生的学习观念。对于师资方面，教师可以利用国家留学基金委的项目申请到国外知名院校做访问学者等以提升英语口语的能力，加强师资的能力建设。本课程组在课程内容设置上增加国际时尚资讯的影音资料，在加强口语和听力训练的同时培养并提高学生的兴趣，使其树立自我学习的观念和提高学习主动性，在教学方法和手段、课堂组织方式及考核方式上进行了改革，结合学生参加简历投递、求职面试、实习和与国内外导师沟通及后续的毕业设计译文[10]等环节的要求，提出引入“个人风采展示”这一环节。帮助学生养成浏览专业外文网站的习惯，使其能快速准确地获取国际时尚资讯。

1.教学方法和手段。传统的教学模式主要采用阅读和翻译相结合，读、写能力的训练较多，听、说能力的训练非常欠缺。教师讲学生听，师生之间的互动主要是通过让同学翻译来进行的，授课形式单

一、枯燥。本课程组采用在授课过程中增设服装专业相关的“模拟情景对话”、“角色扮演”等部分，以小组内学生为中心和主体塑造情景对话，如播放一段设计师讲解的视频，通过几个问题引出时装发展史等相关内容，从而训练学生的听力和口语表达，从学生的兴趣出发使学生逐渐克服抵触的心理。这就需要教师在备课时搜寻关于服装设计方面的视频和音频资料，可以安排听力训练，让学生复述或听写，开展互动教学，以学生为主体共同完成教学内容。让学生根据自身情况写英文简历，搜索服装设计方面的招聘信息，并向外企投递求职信。针对平时作业有抄袭现象设置课堂风采展示这一环节，包括第一阶段的个人英文简历展示、感兴趣的国际资讯介绍(要求对着英文ppt或网站脱稿介绍)，毕业设计译文解读(不是逐句翻译)等，为避免集中展示所带来的疲惫，我们采用每堂课每个学生限时15分钟的个人风采展示。通过自我风采展示，学生必定会加强课下的自主学习。让学生成为课堂的“主角”，阐述他们感兴趣的时尚资料时，教师也从中摸索出学习的兴奋点，学生在搜罗及整理资料的同时学到更多并有一定的成就感，从而促使学生对新知识的渴求，增强其提高英语能力的强烈意识，最大限度地调动学生自主学习的积极性，激发学生的自主学习兴趣，真正把自己作为学习的主体，培养其自学能力，这个过程中潜移默化地完成“授之以鱼不如授之以渔”的教育精髓。

第五篇：服装设计印花实用英文短句

1、Adversity reveals genius; fortune conceals it. (Horace, ancient Roman poet)

苦难显才华，好运隐天资。(古罗马诗人 贺拉斯)

2、Almost any situation---good or bad ---is affected by the attitude we bring to. (Lucius Annaus Seneca, Ancient Roman philosopher)

差不多任何一种处境——无论是好是坏——都受到我们对待处境的态度的影响。(古罗马哲学家 西尼加 L A)

3、Although the world is full of suffering, it is full also of the overcoming of it. (Hellen Keller, American writer)

虽然世界多苦难，但是苦难总是能战胜的(美国作家 海伦·凯勒)

4、As fruit needs not only sunshine but cold nights and chilling showers to ripen it, so character needs not only joy but trial and difficulty to mellow it. (Hugh Black, American writer)

水果不仅需要阳光，也需要凉夜。寒冷的雨水能使其成熟。人的性格陶冶不仅需要欢乐，也需要考验和困难。(美国作家 布莱克 H)

5、Everything can be taken from a man but one thing; the freedom to choose his attitude in any given set of circumstances. (Leonhard Frand , German novelist)

我可以拿走人的任何东西，但有一样东西不行，这就是在特定环境下选择自己的生活态度的自由。(德国小说家 弗兰克 L)

6、Every tragedy makes heroes of common people. (Normna Stephens, American writer)

每场悲剧都会在平凡的人中造就出英雄来。(美国作家 斯蒂芬斯 N)

7、He who allows himself to be insulted, deserves to be. (F.C.Comford, British writer)

自己甘愿受辱的人，受污辱也活该。(英国作家 科福德 F C)

8、I find life an exciting business and most exciting when it is lived for others. (Helen Keller,Ameican writer)

我发现生活是令人激动的事情，尤其是为别人活着时。(美国作家 海伦·凯勒)

9、I wept when I was born, and every day shows why.(Jack London, American novelist)

我一生下来就开始哭泣，而每一天都表明我哭泣的原因。(美国小说家 杰克·伦敦)

10、If you want to live your whole life free from pain

如果你想一生摆脱苦难

11、You must become either a god or else a coupes

你就得是神或者是死尸

12、Consider other men‘s troubles

想想他人的不幸

13、That will comfort yours

你就能坦然面对人生

14、Menander, Ancient Athenian playwriter

古雅典剧作家 米南德

15、In this world there is always danger for those who are afraid of it. (George Bernad Shaw, British dramastist)

对于害怕危险的人，这个世界上总是 危险的。(英国剧作家 肖伯纳 G)

16、It is not true suffering ennobles the character; happiness does that sometimes, but suffering, for the most part, makes men petty and vindictive. (William Somerset Maugham, British novelist)

说苦难能使人格得到升华，这是不确切的;幸福有时倒能做到这一点，而苦难常会使人心胸狭窄，产生复仇的心理。(英国小说家 毛姆 W S)

17、Trouble is only opportunity in work clothes.(H.J.Kaier, American businessman)

困难只是穿上工作服的机遇。(美国实业家 凯泽 H J)

18、Light troubles speak; great troubles keep silent. (Lucius Annaeus Seneneca, Ancient Roman Philosopher)

小困难，大声叫嚷;大困难，闷声不响。(古罗马哲学家 尼加 L A)

19、Mishaps are like knives that either serve us or cut us as we grasp them by the handle or blade.(James Russell Lowell, American poetess and critic)

灾难就像刀子，握住刀柄就可以为我们服务，拿住刀刃则会割破手。(美国女诗人、批评家 洛威尔 J R)

20、No one can degrade us except ourselves; that if we are worthy, no influence can defeat us.

(B.T.Washington, American educator)

除了我们自己以外，没有人能贬低我们。如果我们坚强，就没有什么不良影响能够打败我们。(美国教育家 华盛顿 B T)

21、No pain , no palm; no thorns , no throne ; no gall, no glory; no cross, no crown. (William Penn, British admiral)

没有播种，何来收获;没有辛劳，何来成功;没有磨难，何来荣耀;没有挫折，何来辉煌。(英国海军上将 佩恩 W)

22、Optimists always picture themselves accomplishing their goals. (Lucius Anaeus Seneca, Ancient Roman philosopher)

乐观主义者总是想象自己实现了目标的情景。(古罗马哲学家 西尼加 L A)

23、Perhaps you can‘t control your job, but you may be able to make other changes in your life. (Alan Loy Mcginnis ,British writer)

或许你不能支配自己的工作，但你能够使生活发生转变。(英国作家 麦金尼斯 A L)

24、Prosperity doth best discover vice, but adversity doth discover virtue.顺境时显现恶习，逆境时凸现美德

25、Rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation. (John Kennedy, American president)

从希望中得到欢乐，在苦难中保持坚韧。(美国总统 肯尼迪 J)

26、Sweet are the uses of adversity.(William Shakspeare,British Playwriter)

苦尽甘来。(英国剧作家 莎士比亚 W)

27、The chinese word for crisis is divided into two characters, one meaning danger and the other meaning opportunity. (Burejer, British writer)

中文的“危机”分为两个字，一个意味着危险，另外一个意味着机会。(英国作家 布瑞杰)

28The misfortunes hardest to bear are those which never come.(James Russell Lowell,

American Poetess and critic)

最难忍受的不幸是那些从未来临的不幸。(美国女诗人、评论家 洛威尔 J R)

29、We have all sufficient strength to endure the misfortunes of others. (La Rochefoucauld, French writer)

我们都有足够的力量来忍受别人的不幸。(法国作家 拉罗什富科)

30、The tragedy of life is not so much what men suffer, but what they miss. (Thomas Carlyle, British essayist and historian)

生活的悲剧不在于人们受到多少苦，而在于人们错过了什么。(英国散文家、历史学家 卡莱尔 T)

31、The very remembrance of my former misfortune proves a new one to me. (Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish writer)

对于过去不幸的记忆，构成了新不幸。(西班牙作家 塞万提斯 M)

32、We shall defend ourselves to the last breath of man and beast. (William II, King of England)

只要一息尚存，我们就要为保卫自己而战。(英国皇帝 威廉二世)

33、Let us suggest to the person in crisis that he cease concentrating so upon the dangers involved and the difficultie，and concentrate instead upon the opptunity---for there is always opportunity in crisis. (Seebohm Caroline, British physician)

让我们建议处在危机之中的人：不要把精力如此集中地放在所涉入的危险和困难上，相反而要集中在机会上——因为危机中总是存在着机会。(英国医生 卡罗琳 S)

34、The more you fight something, the more anxious you become ---the more you‘re involved in a bad pattern, the more difficult it is to escape. (Seebohm Caroline, British Physician)

你越是为了解决问题而拼斗，你就越变得急躁——在错误的思路中陷得越深，也越难摆脱痛苦。(英国医生 卡罗琳 S)

35、 Tough--minded optimists approach problems with a can-do philosophy and emerge stronger from tragedies. (Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Ancient Roman Philosopher)

意志坚强的乐观主义者用“世上无难事”人生观来思考问题，越是遭受悲剧打击，越是表现得坚强。(古罗马哲学家 西尼加 L A)