名著读后感英文版（共8篇）
篇1：名著读后感英文版
Oliver Twist, one of the most famous works of Charles Dickens’, is a novel reflecting the tragic fact of the life in Britain in 18th century.
The author who himself was born in a poor family wrote this novel in his twenties with a view to reveal the ugly masks of those cruel criminals and to expose the horror and violence hidden underneath the narrow and dirty streets in London.The hero of this novel was Oliver Twist, an orphan, who was thrown into a world full of poverty and crime.He suffered enormous pain, such as hunger, thirst, beating and abuse.While reading the tragic experiences of the little Oliver, I was shocked by his sufferings.I felt for the poor boy, but at the same time I detested the evil Fagin and the brutal Bill.To my relief, as was written in all the best stories, the goodness eventually conquered devil and Oliver lived a happy life in the end.One of the plots that attracted me most is that after the theft, little Oliver was allowed to recover in the kind care of Mrs.Maylie and Rose and began a new life.He went for walks with them, or Rose read to him, and he worked hard at his lessons.He felt as if he had left behind forever the world of crime and hardship and poverty.How can such a little boy who had already suffered oppressive affliction remain pure in body and mind? The reason is the nature of goodness.I think it is the most important information implied in the novel by Dickens-he believed that goodness could conquer every difficulty.Although I don’t think goodness is omnipotent, yet I do believe that those who are kind-hearted live more happily than those who are evil-minded.For me, the nature of goodness is one of the most necessary character for a person.Goodness is to humans what water is to fish.He who is without goodness is an utterly worthless person.On the contrary, as the famous saying goes, ‘The fragrance always stays in the hand that gives the rose’, he who is with goodness undoubtedly is a happy and useful person.People receiving his help are grateful to him and he also gets gratified from what he has done, and thus he can do good to both the people he has helped and himself.To my disappointment, nowadays some people seem to doubt the existence of the goodness in humanity.They look down on people’s honesty and kindness, thinking it foolish of people to be warm-hearted.As a result, they show no sympathy to those who are in trouble and seldom offer to help others.On the other hand, they attach importance to money and benefit.In their opinion, money is the only real object while emotions and morality are nihility.If they cannot get profit from showing their ‘kindness’, they draw back when others are faced with trouble and even hit a man when he is down.They are one of the sorts that I really detest.Francis Bacon said in his essay, ‘Goodness, of all virtues and dignities of the mind, is the greatest, being the character of the Deity, and without it, man is a busy, mischievous, wretched thing, no better than a kind of vermin.’
That is to say a person without goodness is destined to lose everything.Therefore, I, a kind person, want to tell those ‘vermin-to-be’ to learn from the kind Oliver and regain the nature of goodness.
篇2：名著读后感英文版
It is divided into two parts: the collection of Chinese New Year is a collection of essays written by lu xun to reflect the life of childhood and adolescence. It is a first-hand account of lu xuns life history, and we may see the complete image of lu xun in the early years. “The battle cry” is the collection of lu xuns short stories from 1918 to 1922. He was full of ambition in his youth, and hoped that China would get rid of the old system and stale traditional ideas. But the frustration he suffered gradually made him feel desperate and lonely.
The true story of ah Q shows us the true face of a deformed China and a group of deformed Chinese before and after the 1911 revolution. It is the epitomies of the people under the feudal rule. The author ascribes the smugness of ah Q to “Chinese spiritual civilization crowns the world ”, thus breeding a group of ignorant, ignorant and self-important citizens. At that time, the people were enslaved by imperialism and feudalism. Once beaten, he was healed by “spiritual victory”. Deserves to be thinker, politician, writer lu xun, his pen as the blade, spend a lifetime thinking about national issues, the anatomy of the Chinese soul, spirit of people of the negative aspects to thoroughly expose and criticize.
“Looking angrily condemned means, head bowed as a willing ox”, “cold” under the appearance of lu xun, is sending out the light of human nature, such as “long with the maid in shanhaijing o o long, let a person feel thick warmth. In this paper, we first after Yang suppression, o first confessed long too fat, poor sleep, and seek my hidden rat cause I dislike for her. But illiterate her to buy me the shanhaijing but struggled. Which makes me full of respect for her. The long feudal society of China is an ordinary woman. Good, poor, foolish, but given the deep love of lu xun. This paper with deep feeling of the language, to express the sincere of the working women miss and the memory of the time that young and foolish.
篇3：高中英文名著阅读教学之策略探讨
《普通高中英语新课程标准 (实验) 》明确提出, 除教材外, 高中学生的课外阅读量应累计达23万词以上, 能在教师的帮助下欣赏浅显的英语文学作品, 特别提出要提高学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力。
2 高中英语名著课外阅读的重要性
笔者对五年来全国各地英语高考试卷中阅读理解和完形填空做个详细研究, 发现阅读词数、阅读难度及阅读速度的要求在逐年提高。单纯掌握教材 (福建省泉州地区使用的是《北师大版高中英语》教材) 中的词汇是否能从容应对高考阅读对学生多种阅读能力的考查?能否真正用英语去思考?显然, 答案是否定的。教材内容无法满足高校选拔人才的需要。所以, 增加学生对英语国家文化和习俗的了解, 增加外语语言材料的输入已成为现代高中英语语言教学的必须。
改革开放以来, 我国经济得到迅速发展, 国际交往更频繁, 随之而来的对外社交, 更是要求我们必须培养为之需要的人才, 除能熟练掌握本国语言外, 外语也逐渐成为必不可少的社交工具, 尤其是国际上广泛使用的英语, 显然, 我们目前的应试教学模式培养出的人才已与市场脱节, 不能满足当代社会的需求。众所周知, 英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言, 要想放眼未来, 尽快地实现利益最大化, 培养新型人才是当前迫切要完成的任务。为了加快与世界接轨的步伐, 同学们在初中就开始学习英语, 甚至有些学校在小学就已经开启了英语课程, 可见国家或有关单位对英语的重视程度。用一句话来说, 如果初中英语是我们学习一门外语的入门手册, 那么高中英语则是人才成型的关键环节。欲使中学生英语能力有所改善, 那么我们要做的决不仅仅是阅读几篇课文、做几道练习题那么简单了。多读好书, 多读与英语有关的书籍那是不言而喻的, 中学生尤其要多涉猎一些古今中外的名著, 笔者建议, 在读国外名著的时候, 最好是读原著, 旁边放一部英汉词典, 在读不懂的时候可以查一查词典, 当然刚开始时效果欠佳, 但久而久之, 你的阅读能力定会增强不少, 而且对原著的思想领悟更深、更透彻。这样不仅能提高学生自己的认知力, 还能激发学生的学习兴趣。如果通过实践, 让英文名著的阅读与高中英语的教学同行, 往往会取得意想不到的教学成果。
3 精心挑选适合学生的英文名著, 正确指导阅读方法
阅读英文名著是一个长期的过程, 无计划无目的地去读收不到良好效果, 教师的指导计划要尽量细化, 计划中应包括阅读任务、阅读进度、训练内容、指导方式等具体内容和措施, 不能流于空泛。
阅读英语名著也是一个循序渐进的过程, 需要由浅入深, 由易到难。由于成长环境的不同和个体素质的差异, 应根据每个学生的实际情况来实施教学, 断不可一概而论, 采取相同策略这样往往适得其反。有时我们大可采取异步施教的方式:基础扎实的可以先人一步, 即在课外可以多读一读其他国外名著以增加自己的阅读量和增长自己的见识, 或者可以对课文进行深一步的了解 (比如多了解课文作者的写作背景, 写作方法技巧等) ;对于基础相对薄弱的学生可以从简到难, 呈阶梯式渐进 (比如先多积累课文里面的单词、短语, 然后学习一些经典句子的语法, 再到对课文的基本把握等等) 。可见因材施教可以有助于学生认识到自己的能力所在, 从而才会使学生对学习英语产生兴趣。
(1) 明确阅读篇目, 制定阅读计划
如高二年教学中, 我们为学生选择了通俗易懂的外文读物Gulliver’s Travels (《格列佛游记》) , 提前给学生布置了Gulliver’s Travels阅读任务:
1) What is the message that the author is trying to put acrossto the reader?
2) Which parts of the story do you like most?Why?
3) Write a short summary of the story (about 150 words) .
在阅读时间和进度上, 要求学生根据自己的实际情况, 制定出可行的计划, 每天抽出20分钟左右的时间读2~5页左右, 长期坚持, 以保证定量的语言输入。
(2) 指导阅读方法, 养成阅读习惯。
阅读英文名著的方法多种多样, 笔者指导学生掌握如下行之有效的阅读方法:
1) 快速阅读法:训练学生静心阅读, 有一定的阅读速度并能记准作者、记清主要情节、人物及其关系等, 读后能回答一般的问题。
2) 精读式阅读法:在阅读过程中, 对关键情节静心细读。对生字词能不查字典就不查字典, 根据上下文可进行猜测, 随着学生阅读英文名量的增加, 原先陌生的单词通过不断重复和再现自然变成了“熟词”。经过一阶段的阅读指导, 学生就能有选择对文中的美词、美句、美段加以欣赏, 并做一定的评注。
3) 浏览式阅读方法:浏览式阅读法的主要目的在于在最短的时间内掌握最准确的文中信息。主要方式有博览、浏览、泛读等, 浏览目的在于是深刻而又清晰的看到文中主旨, 抓住关键词。就阅读而言, 把要阅读的内容大略地翻翻, 泛泛地读一遍。浏览一般采取默读方式, 用目光扫视。通过浏览这些内容, 对全书的概貌可以有基本的认识, 了解读物的主要内容, 特别留意有特点有新意的内容。
4) 跳跃式阅读法:这种阅读方法一般在做习题时采用, 在练习阅读理解的时候, 许多阅读段的大意往往在一段的首句或尾句, 这样先阅读每段的句首和句尾掌握其主旨, 然后再看后面的问题, 先将能做的题做了, 再带着不能答的题通读全文, 进而逐一解决所有问题。
(3) 开设阅读俱乐部, 创设阅读氛围
笔者指导学生开设阅读俱乐部, 每两周定期安排一个聚会, 适当开展激发学生名著阅读兴趣的活动, 让学生对这阶段的阅读展开交流。如深受学生喜爱的朗读名著比赛:学生们以个人或小组形式一起有感情、分角色朗诵名著故事, 一起感受英语名著的迷人魅力所在。还有最有利于于学生写作能力的方法:写读后感或缩写名著。每两周每人任选一本名著的一个章节写一篇读后感或缩写, 俱乐部内交流再集结成集。学生们通过这些活动分享心得, 能够得到大家的赞赏, 成功的喜悦会强化学生阅读的兴趣。同时, 学生的独到见解也激发了其他同学的好奇心, 引领他人更主动去探索。
(4) 多与外国人互动, 理论与实践相结合
实践是检验真理的唯一标准, 我们要多为学生争取与外国人交流的机会, 做到理论与实践相结合, 学习中获取的知识被实实在在地运用到生活中, 才不致失掉其初衷。学生若有很多机会与外国人接触、互动, 并且还可以了解英语国家的文化和习俗, 这样一方面让学生体验到了英语社交的乐趣, 对英语产生浓厚的学习兴趣, 另一方面对于提升口语也是非常重要的环节。由于受到现实条件的约束, 很多学生没有机会直接与外国人接触, 但我们可以通过其他方式与外国人互动, 如使用软件进行视频聊天、看外国电影、进英语论坛等。通过对英语的日累月积, 学生阅读名著的能力必定会提高。
4 结语
高中英语名著与教学同步就是让学生先阅读名著后再进行相应的语言输出, 让学生学到了许多课堂之外的知识, 并运用了纯正的原汁原味的英语语言, 能有效促进学生英语语言能力的提高。
参考文献
[1]陈瑜.简易读物泛读教学活动设计.中小学外语教学 (中学篇) , 2013 (7) .
[2]胡春来.科学指导课外阅读培养学生英语阅读理解能力, 2011.
[3]孙志斌.引导英语课外阅读.中学外语教与学, 2012 (5) .
篇4：名著读后感英文版
关键词：英文名著；大学生；英语水平
一、大学生阅读英文名著的好处
1.学习外国文化，促进学生的跨文化交际能力
阅读英文名著，可以使读者了解不同时期外国的风土人情，一本小说呈现的就是一个社会，这对提升学生的跨文化交际能力有着显著的作用。因此，一名成功的英语教师，只有自己首先吃透教材，提前做大量的语言文化信息准备工作，才能在课堂上恰到好处地导入文化信息。比如：在讲莎士比亚的作品时，教师除了对小说内容和作者进行介绍，还要让学生了解作者写作的时代，以及小说背后蕴含的更深层次的文化内涵，还可鼓励学生用课余时间多阅读英文名著，并就西方文化进行古今对比、中西比较研究。
2.了解更多英语中的生活用语，贴近实际
小说是通过人物、情节和环境的具体描写来反映社会生活的一种文学体裁。小说反映社会生活的主要手段是塑造人物形象。小说中的人物，我们称为典型人物，这些人物是作者根据现实生活创作出来的，不同于真人真事，“杂取种种人，合成一个”，通过这样典型的人物形象反映生活，更集中、更有普遍的代表性。因此，小说的突出特点：一是典型；二是虚构，虚构的不是虚假的，小说能反映社會生活、揭示社会生活的本质和规律。通过阅读英文小说，可以了解不通时期不同阶层人民的真实生活状态。
3.能有效提高大学生的英语阅读能力
我们以往的英语阅读教学有许多不尽人意的地方。一些英语教师由于缺乏先进理念的指导，囿于传统的阅读教学模式，漠视教学过程中学生的主体地位，直接影响了学生的阅读兴趣以及能力的培养。而阅读英文原版的小说恰恰能弥补这种不足。培根说过：“关于方法的知识，是世界上最宝贵的知识。”因此，要提高学生的阅读能力，就必须引导学生在学习方式上有一个根本的变化。阅读英文名著就是提高大学生英语阅读水平的有效手段之一。
4.有助于大学生学习英语词汇
阅读不是被动吸收的过程，而是主动参与。要善于对所学东西进行归类，发现规律，这样会大大提高学习效率。就单词而言，因为词汇在人脑中是以激活扩散的方式提取的，就像往河里扔石子会产生涟漪一样，遇见一个单词，往往还会激活其他相关的单词。教师要善于引导学生把学到的生词建立成网络状，要由一个词联想到其他词。这种联想可以是近反义词，也可以是某个特定的场合下的其他单词。
5.有效提高大学生英语写作水平
通过阅读英文小说能促使学生英语写作能力的提高，使阅读和写作在具体的教学中结合起来。针对写作，可以进行专门阅读活动，重视阅读对写作的影响。随着阅读量的加大和阅读写作观念的强化，学生基本上会把握自己阅读的方式，他们会在阅读中更多地融入自己的思想和体会，也开始留意各种语言现象在真实的英文作品中被一一运用。
二、经典英文名著推荐
1.The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Howthorne（《红字》霍桑著）
小说惯用象征手法，人物、情节和语言都颇具主观想象色彩，在描写中又常把人的心理活动和直觉放在首位。因此，它不仅是美利坚合众国浪漫主义小说的代表作，同时也被称作是美利坚合众国心理分析小说的开创篇。
2.The Great Gatsby by F.S. Fitzgerald（《了不起的盖茨比》菲茨杰拉德著）
20世纪二三十年代是美国小说的黄金时代，群星灿烂，各放异彩。德莱塞出版了一部又一部长篇巨著，并且在1952年发表了他的代表作《美国的悲剧》。同年4月，《了不起的盖茨比》在纽约出版，著名诗人兼文艺评论家T·S·艾略特立刻称之为“美国小说自亨利·詹姆斯以来迈出的第一步”。海明威在回忆菲氏时写道：“既然他能够写出一本像《了不起的盖茨比》这样好的书，我相信他一定能够写出更好的书。”艾略特和海明威都是以苛刻闻名的批评家，因此我们就不难领会这些评价的分量了。
3.The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway（《老人与海》海明威著）
《老人与海》是海明威最著名的作品之一，它围绕一位老年古巴渔夫与一条巨大的马林鱼在离岸很远的湾流中的搏斗展开。《老人与海》奠定了海明威在世界文学中的突出地位，对于他1954年获得诺贝尔文学奖也发挥了重要作用。
4.Moby Dick by Herman Melville（《白鲸》麦尔维尔著）
小说描写了亚哈船长为了追逐并杀死白鲸莫比·迪克的经历，最终与白鲸同归于尽。故事营造了一种让人置身海上航行、随时遭遇各种危险甚至是死亡的氛围，小说场面宏阔博大，思想内涵复杂，哲理性很强，而且文笔沉郁瑰奇，堪称杰作。
5.Martin Eden by Jack London （《马丁·伊登》杰克·伦敦著）
在美国文学发展史上，《马丁·伊登》起着先驱作用，后来不少描写“美国梦”破灭的作品都或多或少地受到它的影响。围绕这部书引起的争论首先是在主题上，按照杰克·伦敦的本意，写这部书的宗旨之一是攻击个人主义，但大多数评论家都认为他是在为个人主义辩护，而相当多的读者是把马丁·伊登当作“个人奋斗”的典型来接受的。其次是语言，有人认为“充满元气和力量”，也有人认为“粗糙”“变化少”。杰克·伦敦是以“超人”自居的，他并没有成为超人，但《马丁·伊登》的确是一部超越了时代的作品。
读英文名著能让学生在学习知识的同时，提高写作水平，领略大文豪们的文采，同时懂得许多人生哲理。
参考文献：
[1]王亚琼.读简本小说促英文写作[J].咸宁学院学报，2006，（05）.
篇5：英文名著读后感
The novel description is one year near sixty years of age senior fisherman, when alone goes to sea in one fishing, fished one big fish, actually did not pull. The senior fisherman socialized several days after the fish, only then discovered this was the big marlin which one surpassed the oneself fishing boat several fold, although knew perfectly well very difficult to win, but still did not give up. Afterwards and further because in the big marlin wound fish fishy smell brought in several crowds of shark fish snatches the food, but the old person still did not hope like this to give up, finally highlighted encircles tightly, returned to the big fish belt the fishing port, lets other fishermen not admire already.
When I read ” the senior fisherman think: Here to the seacoast really was too near, perhaps could have a bigger fish in a farther place... “ When, I extremely admire this senior fisherman, because he by now already projected on some fish, but he had not settled to the present situation, but was approaches the bigger goal advance. Again has a look us, usually meets one slightly is difficult, we all complain incessantly. We will be the motherland future, will be supposed to like this old person same mind lofty aspiration, will even better pursue even better, the bigger goal.
When I read ” the big marlin start fast to gather round the young fishing boat hover, twined the cable on the mast, the old person right hand lifted up high the steel fork, leapt the water surf-ace in it the flash, did utmost throws to its heart, one wail ended the big fishs life, it was static static floats on the water surf-ace... “ When, my heart also liked together the big stone falls. I extremely admire old person that kind do not dread, the relentlespirit, although knows the match strength is very strong, but he not slightly flinches, but is welcomes difficultly above. Just because had this kind of spirit, the senior fisherman only then achieved this life and death contest success. We also must study senior fishermans spirit in life, handles the matter does not fear the difficulty, only then can obtain successfully.
Was reading the big fishs smell of blood is smelled by one crowd of shark fish, struggled swims snatches the food, old persons left hand happen to in the convulsions, he only could use the right hand, with wooden stick， the mouth and so on all was allowed to use for the weapon self-defense which attacked, and finally expelled this crowd of shark fish. But the big fishs meat was already eaten one most, but the old person also charmingly criticized oneself the left hand ” this work time actually was resting “ time, I also was subdued by the old person optimistic spirit. In the life, some losses are inevitable, we should treat by the optimistic manner, cannot be calculating.
Finally, the novel sees by one youth the senior fisherman fully has 18 foot long big marlin in the measure, once more described this fishs hugeness, explained senior fisherman overcomes the difficulty was big, non- was more common than.
篇6：名著英文读后感
The novel description is one year near sixty years of age senior fisherman, when alone goes to sea in one fishing, fished one big fish, actually did not pull. The senior fisherman socialized several days after the fish, only then discovered this was the big marlin which one surpassed the oneimmolation fishing boat several fold, although knew perfectly well very difficult to win, but still did not give up. Afterwards and further because in the big marlin wound fish fishy smell brought in several crowds of shark fish snatches the food, but the old person still did not hope like this to give up, finally highlighted encircles tightly, returned to the big fish belt the fishing port, lets other fishermen not admire already.
When I read ” the senior fisherman think: Here to the seacoast really was too near, perhaps could have a bigger fish in a farther place... “ When, I extremely admire this senior fisherman, because he by now already projected on some fish, but he had not settled to the present situation, but was approaches the bigger goal advance. Again has a look us, usually meets one slightly is difficult, we all complain incessantly. We will be the motherland future, will be supposed to like this old person same mind lofty aspiration, will even better pursue even better, the bigger goal.
篇7：英语名著英文读后感
Austen left this problem for us to think.The genius of Jane Austen lies in this perfect simplicity, the simplicity that reflects big problems.Although Austen was only 21 when she wrote ¡°Pride and Prejudice¡±, her sharp observation of social lives makes the style of this book surprisingly mature and lively.The plots in her works are always very natural.The development of the plot is as inevitable as a problem in mathematics.I think the depth of Pride and Prejudice is the reason that makes this book prominent and classic.Today, her book still can be the guide telling us the economic relationships both at her time and in modern time.Leave Dead Man Island£¨ÍöÁ鵺£©
Carol was once a happy and sunshiny girl.But after her father died in a plane crash, she became bad and took drugs.She had secrets in her heart and didn¡¯t want others to know them.When Carol went to an island, she found the host had a bigger secret than hers: he had killed a girl in a car crash.So he needed an island to hide himself.This is the story in Dead Man¡¯s Island.I think everybody has done something wrong and wants to keep the secrets in his or her heart.But do you know, even if we can escape from others¡¯ eyes, we can¡¯t escape from our own hearts.I had been told a story like this: A woman felt ill and she went to see a doctor.The doctor examined her carefully and told the woman, ¡®There is a tumor in your uterus.You¡¯d better take an operation immediately.¡¯ The woman agreed.When the doctor cut open the woman¡¯s abdomen, he got such a big surprise¡ªthere was a baby in the uterus, not a tumor.The doctor was sweating all over.¡®What to do? Take out the baby, or told the woman¡¯s husband that it was just a tumor?¡¯ ¡®But ¡-I am a doctor!¡¯ He thought.At last, the doctor sewed up the woman¡¯s abdomen.When he told the woman¡¯s husband the truth, the man didn¡¯t move for a while.But then, the man jumped to the doctor, shouting at him.He was so angry and wanted to hit the doctor.After the accident, a friend of the doctor¡¯s asked him ¡®Why did you do so? If you took out the baby, no one knows.¡¯ ¡®But I know!¡¯ said the doctor.I have a very similar experience.That was a Monday, I was cleaning the classroom after school.John, my friend came up to me.He was looking for my maths teacher.But the teacher had been after work.So I told John to come again the next day.I said to myself, if I met the maths teacher, I would tell him that John had been looking for him.When I was on my way home, I just looked at the ground, thinking about something.At that moment, my maths teacher came towards me and passed by.When I realized that, it was too late.The teacher had gone far away.At night, when I was lying on the bed, my brain was full of the thing happened in the afternoon.The next day, John would find the maths teacher and not think about me, just as nothing happened.But I felt sorry for John.I wanted to do something for him, but I didn¡¯t.Nobody knew what my idea was, but I knew.Many things like the dead man on the island.After the crash, he made himself ¡®dead¡¯ and hid on the island.Maybe, he made others forget the crash, forget himself, but he couldn¡¯t forget.He always felt remorseful and locked himself in his heart house.What others think is not important, we should listen to ourselves.I think every one may face sad things, like relatives¡¯ death, missing the good high school, losing your best friends.Sometimes we feel cross and often ask ¡®Why does the God do this to me?¡¯
篇8：名著读后感英文版
《全日制义务教育普通高级中学英语课程标准 ( 实验稿) 》把高中阶段英语课程的目标要求分为六至九级共四个级别, 达到七级目标要求, 即达到英语学科的毕业要求。对于参加高考的考生, 必须达到七级以上的目标要求。七级目标的阅读要求除教材外, 课外阅读量应累计达到30万词以上, 而八级则要求36万词以上。此外, 对近五年NMET试卷中阅读理解稍做研究, 我们不难发现阅读难度及阅读速度的要求在逐年提高。
英语课本 (江苏学生使用的是《牛津高中英语》教材) 是学生学习英语的基本载体, 阅读材料过于大众化, 数量有限, 内容相对稳定, 更新较慢。因此, 学生很难对语言本身及语言现象有浓厚的兴趣, 语言的载体功能也就被弱化 (庄晓蕙) 。相比较而言, 英文文学名著不以“交际”、“语法”为纲, 不以“实用”、“速成”为目标, 而是以学生的“精神世界”为重, 以培养学生的想象能力和思维能力、提高学生的综合语言素养为目标, 这符合我国英语素质教育的要求。
二、阅读英文名著简写本的优势
目前, 市面上适合高中学生阅读的英文名著简写本有:外研社和牛津大学出版社共同编撰的“书虫牛津英汉双语读物”、外研社的“企鹅英语分级有声读物”、外教社的“轻松读经典丛书”、“简写本世界名著丛书”、《典范英语》、《黑猫英语系列有声名著简写本》等。这些名著简写本具有以下优点:
1.英 文 名 著 简 写 本 保证 学 生 有 大 量 、整 体 、优 质 的语言输入。
文学名著的魅力在于其原汁原味的语言、较高的艺术价值和丰厚的思想内蕴。英文名著的简写本往往是由文学修养和造诣比较高的行家里手改写的, 这就确保了英文名著简写本的语言优质、地道。阅读英语名著简写本, 可以帮助学生了解世界和中西方文化的差异, 弥补学生英语学习中欠缺的背景知识。20世纪80年代, 美国语言学家克拉申的著名理论认为:人使用语言的能力主要不是“学得”, 而是“习得”。学生可以通过阅读英文名著简写本吸收大量的语言输入。
2.英文名著简写本有助于激发学生学习英语的浓厚兴趣。
英文名著简写本有英汉对译和全英文的, 有初、高级之分, 有些名著简写本还会有重要生词和短语的注解。例如, 《典范英语》除了在每本名著的后面附录作者生平介绍、其他代表作和词汇注释外, 还于第一页编排了助读提示:About thisbook, Talking points and After reading。学生可以根据自己的英文水平挑选合适的读本。学生读完一部简写本之后会有一种成就感, 对英语学习就会产生越来越浓的兴趣。再者, 学生课后自主浏览网站、下载原版电影欣赏等都有助于学习兴趣的激发。
3.英文名著简写本能提高学生英语综合运用能力。
实验证明, 普通学生完全可以在教师的指点和督促下, 一周完成一部作品的阅读。随着学生阅读英文名著简写本的增加, 原先陌生的单词通过不断重复和再现变成了“熟词”。学习英语的正确方法是“整进整出”, 学生从大量的整体输入中自然吸收语言, 那么, 他们的语感、阅读和跨文化交际能力就得到长足进步。此外, 阅读英文名著简写本后, 学生通常会被要求写篇book review, 坚持一学年, 学生的书面表达就会有内容、有思维。
三、英文名著简写本在高中学生自主阅读中的实践研究
自主阅读, 是指学生在教师的正确引导下, 充分发挥自身的主体作用, 通过“激发兴趣—培养习惯—自我监控—师生共议”的学习模式, 逐渐养成每天阅读一至两个章节、每周完成一篇作品的习惯, 从而达到在轻松愉快的氛围中掌握地道英语、全面提高英语素养的目的。
我校选定全国教育科学“十一五”规划教育部重点课题“中国基础英语素质教育的途径与方法”的实验教材———《典范英语》 (Good English) , 原名Oxford Reading Tree (《牛津阅读树》) , 作为英文名著简写本的自主阅读教材。高一学生选择使用《典范英语9》, 高二学生选择使用《典范英语10》。这套书共有14篇文学名著, 其中包括Gulliver’s Travels (《格列佛游记》) , David Copperfield (《大卫·科波菲尔》) 和Wuthering Heights (《呼啸山庄》) 等脍炙人口的英美文学经典。
下面以高二学生选择使用的《典范英语10》为例, 说明这四个操作步骤:
1.激发兴趣。
兴趣是最好的老师, 兴趣是学习的动力。高中学生课外阅读的兴趣越浓, 自主学习的积极性就越高, 相应的, 学习的效果就越好。实践开始的时候, 教师根据学生的心理特点、现有水平和兴趣爱好, 预先阅读故事, 为全体学生精心挑选合适的学习内容, 并设计好对应的阅读任务。这样比让学生自己各自选择一本书来读要好, 原因有二:一是学生自选的书可能没有梯度性或较强的故事性。如果第一本书生词过多, 学生务必会产生畏难情绪, 导致阅读进行不下去, 这样肯定会大大挫伤继续阅读的积极性;二是学生每周所读的作品相同, 教师便于开展形式多样的阅读活动, 如“单词王”擂台赛、“演讲之星”争霸赛、“英语剧本”表演赛和“名著作品争鸣”赛等;同样, 共读同一部作品也便于教师检查阅读效果。
2.培养习惯。
教育家乌申斯基说:“良好的习惯是人在神经系统中有效的道德资本。这个资本不断增值, 而人在其整个一生中享受着它的利息。”这句话表明:良好的习惯一旦养成, 便会成为个人的宝贵财富, 且终生受用。但是, 良好习惯的养成绝非一朝一夕之功, 需要持之以恒, 也需要有意识、有计划的训练。
自主阅读是一种开放式的阅读。学生根据自己的实际情况, 每天抽出20分钟左右的时间, 自觉地、主动地参与英语学习, 以保证定量的语言输入。一般来说, 学生从周末开始一篇新作品的阅读, 到周五之前读完。周末、节假日是学生自主阅读的最佳时机, 我们鼓励学生在这个时候进行更多的阅读, 周一至周五可以适当减少一点阅读量, 但是不能没有。
实践初期, 为帮助学生养成天天自主阅读的好习惯, 教师要充分发挥指导者和引领者的作用, 帮助学生制定自主阅读进度表和设计自主阅读任务, 并督促学生完成。以《典范英语10》中的第三篇Gulliver’s Travels (《格列佛游记》) 为例。
班级_______________姓名___________
Gulliver’s Travels (《格列佛游记》) 阅读任务:
(1) What is the message that the author is trying to put acrossto the reader?评价项目满分60分
(2) Which parts of the story do you like most? Why?完全 (10分) 基本 (8分) 不够 (6分) 没有 (2分)
(3) Write a short summary of the story (about 150 words) .能完成规定的
3.自我监控。阅读内容
培养学生课外自主阅读的习惯贵在坚持。如果“三天打鱼能阅读规定之两天晒网”, 必然收效甚微。在培养学生自主阅读习惯的过程外的内容中, 我们要求学生有相应的自我监控能力。
美国心理学家调查尖子生学习活动的特点, 发现尖子生在智力上并不十分突出, 也没有什么特殊才华, 他们的最大特点是有极强的自我监控能力, 经常把学习活动看成自己应该自觉承担的责任, 知道合理地安排学习时间, 并采取具体行动来控制、调节学习过程。例如, 尽管周一至周五课业负担繁重, 但他们还是会挤出20分钟左右的时间用于阅读, 而周末则是他们“大快朵颐”文学巨著的好时机。
要提高学习者的自我监控能力, 教师必须借助外部约束 (如制定一份跟踪评价表) , 辅以适当的刺激 (如表扬等) , 使要求变为发自内心的自觉行动。表二就是一份自主阅读的评价表。
班级___________姓名_________阅读日期_________
4.师生共议。
在学生阅读完一部作品并获取大量文本信息的基础上, 教师每周要舍得花一到两节课时, 围绕阅读作品的内容, 开展各种语言实践活动:如模仿、倾听、朗读、复述、表演或讨论。在课堂上, 学生的口、耳、心、眼、手并用, 全方位接触语言。当然, 说话不求语速快, 但求表达有内容。写作不以重复原话、语法正确为满足, 而以自创新句、表达深刻为追求。教师要引导学生善于总结故事情节、理清人物关系、评价人物性格、点评作家的写作风格和了解作品的社会影响。假以时日, 学生的词汇量就会扩大, 语言知识就会增长, 阅读能力和写作能力就会提高。相反, 如果没有课堂教学的带动, 仅凭学生的课外自主阅读, 效果肯定不尽如人意。例如, 《典范英语10》中的第四篇名著是David Copperfield (《大卫科波菲尔》) , “师生共议”活动之一就是教师为学生设计人物关系配对练习, 旨在帮助学生理清错综复杂的人物关系:
Match column A and column B
Column AColumn B
1. Peggottya. David’s mother
2. Mr. Murdstoneb. David’s cruel stepfather
3. Betseyc. David’s landlord
4. J. Steerforthd. a law student of Mr. Wickfield
5. Mr. Micawber e. David true friend and second wife
6. Mr. Wickfield f. David’s housekeeper
7. Uriah Heep g. the owner of the law firm calledSpenlow and Jorkins
8. Agnes h. David’s protector at Salem House
9. Mr. Spenlow i. David’s aunt
10. Claraj. Aunt Betsey’s solicitor
(Answers f b i h c j d e g a)
四、结语
英文名著简写本犹如源头活水, 汩汩不断地为学生提供鲜活、地道的语言应用实例。通过一两年的自主阅读, 学生英语学习兴趣大大提高, 语感和跨文化交际能力增强, 阅读理解的速度和准确率也上了一个新台阶。因为每篇名著阅读后学生都被要求写150字以上的读书报告, 相应的, 他们的英语语言表达日益丰富, 学会频繁使用复合句、强调句和倒装句等高级句式及多种形式的短语。总之, 学生的写作能力得到有效提高。
参考文献
[1]庄晓蕙.英语报刊阅读在初中课堂教学中的应用研究.中小学英语教学与研究, 2013 (11) .
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[3]赵辉.赏析英语名著简写本, 提高英语综合运用能力.http://www.langfly.com/a/20110425/164531.shtml.
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