英文书信用词要求

第一篇：英文书信用词要求

英文简历中常用词

个人品质常用语

able active ambitious amicable 有才干的，能干的 主动的，活跃的 有雄心壮志的 友好的

adaptable aggressive amiable analytical aspiring 适应性强的 有进取心的 和蔼可亲的 善于分析的

有志气的，有抱负的 apprehensive 有理解力的

audacious careful competent cooperative dedicated diplomatic dutiful efficient expressivity frank genteel humorous independent ingenious intelligent logical modest precise realistic sensible steady purposeful temperate

大胆的，有冒险精神的 capable

办理仔细的 candid 能胜任的 constructive 有合作精神的 creative 有奉献精神的 dependable 老练的，有策略的 disciplined 尽职的 well--educated 有效率的 energetic 善于表达

faithful 直率的，真诚的 generous 有教养的 gentle 有幽默 impartial 有主见的

industrious 有独创性的 motivated 理解力强的 learned 条理分明的 methodical 谦虚的 objective 一丝不苟的 punctual 实事求是的 responsible 明白事理的 sporting 踏实的 systematic 意志坚强的 sweet-tempered稳健的

tireless

个人资料常用语

有能力的，有才能的 正直的 建设性的 富创造力的 可靠的 守纪律的 受过良好教育的

精力充沛的 守信的，忠诚的 宽宏大量的 有礼貌的 公正的 勤奋的 目的明确的 精通某门学问的 有方法的 客观的 严守时刻的 负责的 光明正大的 有系统的 性情温和的

孜孜不倦的

name pen name alias age bloodtype address

permanent address province city county prefecture autonomous region nationality citizenship native place duel citizenship family status single separated health condition excellent far-sighted date of availability president director society in. ft. street

education

姓名 district 笔名 house number 别名 lane 年龄 height 血型 weight 地址 born 永久住址 birthday 省 birthdate 市 birthplace 县 home phone 专区 office phone 自治区 business phone 民族;国籍 current address 国籍 date of birth 籍贯 postal code 双重国籍 marital status 家庭状况 married 未婚 divorced 分居 number of children 健康状况 health (身体)极佳 short-sighted 远视 ID card 可到职时间 membership 会长 vice-president 理事 standing director 学会 association 英寸 secretary-general 英尺 research society 街

road

教育程度常用语

学历

educational history

区 门牌 胡同，巷 身高 体重 生于 生日 出生日期 出生地点 住宅电话 办公电话 办公电话 目前住址 出生日期 邮政编码 婚姻状况 已婚 离异 子女人数

健康状况 近视 身份证 会员、资格副会长 常务理事 协会 秘书长 研究会 路

学历

educational background major

educational highlights specialized courses special training part-time jobs vacation jobs

extracurricularactivities recreational activities social activities scholarship excellent leader off-job training educational system semester supervisor fail examination post doctorate master graduate student abroad student extern prize fellow graduate auditor

教育程度 主修 专门课程 特别训练 业余工作 假期工作 课外活动 娱乐活动 社会活动 奖学金 优秀干部 脱产培训 学制 学期(美) 论文导师 不及格 考试 博士后 硕士 研究生 留学生 走读生 奖学金生 毕业生

curriculum minor courses taken social practice summer jobs refresher course physical activities academic activities rewards student council in-job training academic year term pass marks degree doctor(Ph.D) bachelor abroad student undergraduate commoner intern boarder guest student

课程 副修 课程包括 所学课程 社会实践 暑期工作 进修课程 体育活动 学术活动 奖励 学生会 在职培训 学年 学期(英) 及格 分数 学位 博士 学士 留学生 大学肆业生 自费生 实习生 寄宿生 旁听生(英) 走读生

课程重点部分 curriculum included

excellent league member 优秀团员

government-supported student公费生

旁听生(美) day-student

工作经历常用语

work experience responsibilities

工作经历 职责

occupational history 工作经历 specific experience 具体经历 second job

第二职业

professional history 职业经历

achievements assist accomplish adept in authorized break the record control cost demonstrate design devise double effect enlarge exploit establish execute generate guide initiate invest justified maintain negotiate overcome perform be promoted to realize recorded registered replace revenue self-dependence settle

工作成就，业绩 administer 辅助

adapted to 完成(任务等) appointed 善于

analyze 委任的;核准的 behave 打破纪录 breakthrough 控制 conduct 成本;费用 create 证明，示范 decrease 设计 develop 设计，发明 direct 加倍，翻一番 earn 效果，作用 eliminate 扩大

enrich 开发(资源，产品) enliven 设立(公司等);使开业 evaluation

实行，实施 expedite 产生 good at指导;操纵 improve 创始，开创 innovate 投资

integrate 经证明的;合法化的 launch 保持;维修 modernize 谈判 nominated 克服 perfect 执行，履行 profit 被提升为 be proposed as实现(目标)获得(利润) reconstruct

记载的 refine 已注册的 regenerate 接替，替换 retrieve 收益，收入 scientific 自力更生 serve 解决(问题等)

shorten

管理 适应于 被认命的 分析 表现

关键问题的解决 经营，处理 创造 减少 开发，发挥 指导 获得，赚取 消除 使丰富 搞活 估价，评价 加快;促进 擅长于 改进，提高 改革，革新 使结合;使一体化开办(新企业) 使现代化

被提名;被认命的使完善;改善 利润

被提名(推荐)为重建 精练，精制 更新，使再生 挽回

科学的，系统的 服务，供职 减低……效能

simplify standard supply test valuable working model

简化，精简 标准，规格 供给，满足 试验，检验 有价值的 劳动模范

spread supervises systematize well-trained target

advanced worker

传播，扩大 监督，管理 使系统化 训练有素的 目标，指标 先进工作者

介绍离职原因常用词汇

for more specialized work 为更专门的工作 for prospects of promotion 为晋升的前途

for higher responsibility 为更高层次的工作

for wider experience 为扩大工作经验

due to close-down of company 由于公司倒闭

due to expiry of employment 由于雇用期满

sought a better job 找到了更好的工作

to seek a better job 找一份更好的工作

第二篇：模联 基本用词 英文

Role call 点名Present 到Placard 席卡Page 意向条Simple Majority 简单多数Two-thirds Majority 三分之二多数Are there any points or motions on the floor? 台下有无任何问题或动议?Set the topic 确定议题Formal Debate 正式辩论General Speaker’s List 主发言名单To whom would you like to yield your time? 您希望怎样让度您的时间(三种选择：1. Back to Chair

2. To the floor 3. To XXModerated Caucus 有主持核心磋商：Unmoderated Caucus 自由磋商(需动议进行，Personal Privilege 个人特权问题boint of Order 组织性问题(纠正主席的错误)Procedure voting 程序性投票(每个代表国必须投赞成或反对)此时有3种选择：1. Yes赞成2. No反对3. Abstain弃权The chair would like a motion to…… 主席建议动议……Draft Resolution 决议草案Position Paper 立场文件Friendly Amendments 友好修正案

模联必备词群

1、“…化”

现代化→modernize市场化→marketize地区化→regionalize多极化→polypolarize 干部队伍的革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化。

The ranks of the cadres become more revolutionary, younger in average age, better-educated and more professionally competent. Cadres are more revolutionary, younger, better-educated and more professional. 国际关系民主化

Democracy should be practiced in international relations. We should practice democracy in international relations. 企业化→turn …into business institutions make…function as an enterprise 集团化→incorporate…into an enterprise 公开化→to be brought into the open 股份化→transfer…into share holding

如果两岸客运包机实现“节日化”，还可以向常态化发展。 节日化→on all festivals and holidays 常态化→develop toward normalization develop into a regular practice develop and normalize/regularize this practice

2、“在…的…下”

在改革开放的推动下→Thanks to the further push by the opening-up and reform 在中国共产党的领导下→Under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party 在盟友的帮助下 →With its allies’ help 在改革开放政策的带动下→Driven by the reform and opening-up policy

3、“是”

constitute/represent /form/prove/系表结构以外的形式 ……已是世界文化遗产之一

...has been included in the World Cultural Heritage List 旅游一直是人们增长知识、丰富阅历、强健体魄的美好追求。

Tourism has demonstrated the happy wish for more knowledge, varied experience and good health. 21 世纪头20年，是中国全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化的重要战略机遇期，也是中国旅游业发展的有利时期。The first 20 years of the 21st century represents an important strategic period for China to achieve all-round construction of a better-off society and to speed up its socialist modernization.

4、“对…表示赞赏”

we appreciate we’d like to express our appreciation for… we think highly of… …deserve our admiration we see something constructive/admirable/meaningful/inspiring in your…

5、正向强化 + 加强合作→strengthen cooperation 促进发展→promote development

增加机会→increase opportunities 深化改革→deepen reform 推动贸易 →facilitate trade 万能动词further

6、“值得(我们)欣慰/高兴/欣喜/庆贺/的是…”

It is gratifying/delightful/pleasing/wonderful/great (for us) to know/see… We/people are gratified/delighted/pleased/happy/glad to know/see…

7、“是…的原因”

be the instrument of

A generates/gives rise to/gives birth to/leads to/results in B

As a result/Consequently/Finally/…

各国有着不同的发展历史、文化传统、政治制度和经济模式，这是亚太地区富有发展活力的重要原因。 Countries are different in history, cultural tradition, political system and economic model, which gives the region its very vigor and vitality.

8、“问题”problem 安全问题→security concerns/security issues/security threats

台湾问题→Taiwan issue/problem/question

根本问题→basic question

原则问题→matter of principle

找出问题→locate the fault

扬声器有问题→There is a fault in the loudspeaker.

我今天谈四个问题→I’d like to make four points today.

9、“方式” ways/approaches 管理/领导方式→style of management/leadership

各种付款方式→various methods of payment

经营方式→mode of operation

生活方式→way of life/life style/mode of living 运输方式→means/forms of transport 方式更加隐蔽，手段更加残忍。

Their activities are becoming more secretive, and means more brutal. 用和平谈判的方式解决问题

solve a problem by peaceful negotiation 他做什么事都有自己的一套方式。 He has a style of his own in everything.

10、主张/坚持/提出/倡议/倡导

stand for/maintain/hold/believe/agree/put forward/propose advocate/affirm/attest/avow/aver 主张改革→favor reforms/in favor of reforms 主张维护世界和平→stand for the maintenance of world peace 坚持全面的、历史的、发展的观点

persist in the comprehensive, historical and developmental viewpoint 倡导禁止核武器→take the initiative in banning nuclear weapons

11、“重点”

重点项目→key project

重点工作→focal point of the work

重点发展→put priority on the development of sth

主张改革→favor reforms/in favor of reforms 重点支持生产区发展粮食生产→Support will be focused on increasing production in major grain producing areas.

12、“工作”、”现象”、“形势”

大多数美国人，尤其是少数民族，都确信美国经济制度中存在着不公正现象。

Most people in America, minority people in particular, are convinced that injustices exist in their economic system. 最高级会议的准备工作继续进行。

Preparations for the summit meeting continued. promote innovation on a national scale 促进全国的创新工作 世界形势继续发生深刻变化。

The world is further witnessing deep changes.

13、“充分发挥/发扬”

充分发挥积极性→ give full play to one’s initiative bring one’s initiative into full play 我们应当充分发扬自力更生的精神。

We should give full play to the spirit of self-reliance. 科研机构转制为企业后，将建立现代企业制度，适应市场需要，从而充分发挥其研究、开发和创新的优势。

Scientific research institutions, when transformed into enterprises, shall establish the modern enterprise system and orient/gear themselves geared to the needs of the market, giving full play to their strength in research, development and innovation.

14、“有利于…”

beneficial/conducive/advantageous/wholesome/favorable/helpful 中国将扶持有利于高新技术发展的资本市场。

China will help foster capital markets conducive to the development of high-tech industries.

15、“携手”

hand in hand/join hands/work jointly/make a concerted effort 中国的科技部门将与国际科技界和全球经济界、商界携手共建新世界的创业平台。

China’s science and technology sector will work in partnership with the international community of science and technology as well as the economic and business circles of the world to build up a platform for innovation in the new century.

16、“关键”

key/decisive factor/hinge/crux关键的一年→crucial year关键人物→person of importance到关键时刻→when it comes to the crunch起关键作用→play a pivotal roleThe crux of the matter is that attitudes have changed.问题的关键是人们的态度改变了。Now we come to the crux of the problem现在我们来谈问题的症结所在。双方的谈判已到了关键时期。The negotiations between the two sides are approaching the crisis.

17、“在…层面/方面/问题/战线上”

18、on + side/front/level/plane 在内部方面→on the internal side在外交战线→on the diplomatic front在意识形态战线→on the ideological front在高层领导层面→on the top leadership level在有利方面→on the plus side在不利方面→on the minus side在精神层面→on the spiritual plane在物质层面→on the material plane

18、“由于…”

Thanks to/By virtue of (褒义)Because of /Owing to/ Due to/On account of (中性) In consequence of

(贬义)

由于缺乏沟通而产生的问题→problems arising out of the lack of communication 由于时间晚了，我现在要回家了。 Since it is late, I shall go home now.

19、“流传” 谣言在街上流传。

Rumor circulated through the town. 有关他辞职的消息传得很快。

Word spread quickly about his resignation. 在中国，也流传着这样的话…… a century-old popular saying a long-held popular view/opinion

20、“具有”

具有悠久的历史→with a long history 具有高度的责任心→possess a high sense of responsibility 具有深远的意义→have a profound historical significance 具有浓郁东方气息→possess a rich oriental flavor 具有丰富的资源和众多的人口→boast abundant resources and populations 具有法律义务承担责任→under the legal obligation to undertake the responsibility

21、“适应”

adapt to/be accustomed to/fit in with 中国地毯业在保持中华民族传统特色的同时，还将在融汇东西方文化的精粹和适应国际流行色调上下功夫。

这里的“适应”并不是指“中国地毯也怎样从不适应走向适应”，而是指“怎样跟上国际流行色调”、“怎样与国际流行色调保持同步”，或者“怎么迎合国际流行色调的品味”，因此可译为： to keep up with international fashions in color and tone to conform to international fashions in color and tone to gear to internationally prevalent colors and tones

22、“精粹”/ “精华”/ “精髓”

古典文学精髓→quintessence/cream of classical literature马克思主义精髓→pith and marrow of Marxism概括文章的精华 →sum up the gist of an article取其精华，去其糟粕→select the essence and discard the gross他们是这一代人中的精华→They are the cream/pick of this generation.日月之精华→radiance of the sun and moon文章必须短小而精粹→The article must be short and succinct中国地毯业在保持中华民族传统特色的同时，还将在融汇东西方文化的精粹和适应国际流行色调上下功夫。

blending/merging the picks of Oriental and Occidental cultures

23、“什么”

两岸对话和谈判即可恢复，而且什么问题都可以谈。 we can talk about any issue any issue can be talked about/discussed There will be no limitations to the kind of issues in our talks. No limitations will be set to the issues in our talks. We will set no limitations to the issues to be discussed in the two-party talks.

24、“轨道”

我们希望台湾当局早日回到“九二共识”的轨道上来。We hope that Taiwan authorities could return to the course of the “1992 Consensus” at an early rate. path course/track 他们设法使自己国家的经济走上正轨。

They tried to put their country’s economy on course. 双方都像使他们的谈判沿着正确的轨道进行。 Both sides want to put their talks on the right track.

25、“方针”

……寄希望于台湾人民的方针决不改变。 policy guidelines/guiding principle Our guiding principle of placing hope on Taiwan people will remain unchanged. Never change the guiding principle of placing hope on Taiwan people.

26、“分隔”

“台独”分裂势力越是想把台湾同胞同我们分隔开来，我们就越是要更紧密地团结台湾同胞。 separate/divide isolate/insulate The more the “Taiwan independence” secessionist forces try to insulate Taiwan compatriots from us, the more closely we will try to unite with them.

27、“没有”

如果没有西方的价值观体系，就没有任何社会可以真正地实现现代化。 if there is no Western value system without the Western value system Without embracing the Western value system, no society in the world would ever be able to achieve modernization.

28、“陆续” 代表陆续到达上海。

The delegates arrived in Shanghai one after another. 好消息接二连三地陆续传来。 Good news came to us in succession. 我们将进一步陆续出台解决台湾同胞关心的问题、维护台湾同胞正当权益的政策措施。

We will make further efforts to introduce policies and measures from time to time to address issues that Taiwan compatriots are concerned with and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.

29、“解决”

我们将进一步陆续出台解决台湾同胞关心的问题、维护台湾同胞正当权益的政策措施。

We will make further efforts to introduce policies and measures from time to time to address issues that Taiwan compatriots are concerned with and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. solve/settle/resolve 30、“热衷于”

许多西方学者热衷于探讨不同文明的关系。 evince a strong passion

for

crave

be

fond

of

be

keen

onhave shown/demonstrate/displayed/taken deep/strong/keen interest in He hankers after personal fame and gain. 他热衷于追名逐利。他们热衷于溜冰。 They are fond of skating.

31、“思想”

孔子的“仁政”和“和而不同”思想，对于一个国家的治国者，不能说是没有意义的。

Confucius’ idea of “benevolent governance” and his concept of “being harmonious while remaining different” are of great significance to any leader of a country. thought/thinking/idea/ideology 对外改革开放的思想→the idea of the reform and opening-up to the outside world 有中国特色的市场经济思想→the concept of a market economy with Chinese characteristics

32、“涉外”

concerning foreign affairs or foreign nationals involving/related to foreign nationals and countries

涉外工作→working involving foreign countries or foreign nationals 涉外问题→issues related to foreign countries or foreign nationals 涉外经济法规→laws and regulations governing business relations with foreign organizations and individuals 涉外饭店→hotels designated for accommodating foreigners 涉外经济合同→an economic contract involving a foreign partner/party

33、“根据”

根据本条例→in accordance/accord with the spirit of this regulations 根据合同使用劳动力→use labor on a contract basis 根据具体情况→in the light of the circumstances 根据先例→based on precedents 根据重量→by weight 根据现行中国法律→under the existing Chinese law 毫无根据→be utterly groundless 她的怀疑是有充分根据的→There is great cause for her suspicion

第三篇：英文简历常用词

a useful glossary for personal data(个人资料有用词汇)

name 姓名

aliss 别名

pen name 笔名

date of birth 出生日期

birthdate 出生日期

born 生于

birthplace 出生地点

birthday 生日

age 年龄

native place 籍贯

province 省

city 市

autonomous region 自治区

prefecture专区

county县

nationality 民族 ;国籍

citizenship 国籍

duel citizenship 双重国籍

address 地址

current address 目前住址

pressent address 目前住址

permanent address 永久住址

postal code 邮政编码

home phone 住宅电话

office phone 办公电话

tel.电话

sex 性别

male 男

female 女

mr.先生

miss 小姐

mrs.太太

ms (小姐或太太)

height 身高

cm. 厘米

ft. 英尺

in 英寸

weight 体重

kg 公斤

lbs 磅

marital status 婚姻状况

family status 家庭状况

married 已婚

single 未婚

unmarried 未婚

divorced 离异

separated 分居

number of children 子女人数

none 无

street 街

lane 胡同，巷

road 路

district 区

house number 门牌

health 健康状况

bloodtype 血型

a a型

b b型

o o型

excellent (身体)极佳

very good 很好

good 好

strong 强壮

short-sighted 近视

far-sighted 远视

color-blind 色盲

id card 身份证

no. 号码

date of availability 可到职时间

available 可到职

membership 会员、资格

president 会长

director 理事

standing director 常务理事

secretary-general 秘书长

society 学会

association 协会

research society 研究会

january (jan.) 一月

february (feb.) 二月

march (mar.)三月

april(apr.) 四月

may 五月

june 六月

july 七月

august (aug.)八月

september (sept.) 九月

october (oct.)十月

november (nov.) 十一月

december (dec.) 十二

第四篇：英文推荐信的用词

留学申请时，推荐信的作用很重要，好的推荐信对申请人来说能够起到事半功倍的作用。在写推荐信时，必然会提及被推荐人的品性(Characters)。介绍每个人独特的个性用词也十分讲究，下列Characters是国外大学所欣赏的形容词，请各位读者参考。

(1)Scholastic aptitude(学习方面的才能) a. Native intellectual ability(天赋) b. Imagination(想象力) c. Creativity(创造力) d. Capacity for analytical thinking(分析思考能力) e. Intellectual curiosity; spirit of inquiry(好奇心) f. Ability to work independently(独立学习工作的能力) g. Memory(记忆力) h. Accuracy(准确性) i. Methodology(研究方法) j. Capability for abstract reasoning(抽象推理的能力) k. Potential as a researcher(研究的潜力) 1.Potential as a teacher(教学的潜力) m. Ability to express his ideas orally and in writing(口头或文字的表达能力) n. Capacity, desire and determination for good quality graduate work(获得学业成功的能力、愿望与决心) o. Probable success as a graduate student(作为研究生成功的可能性)

(2)Academic performance(学业上的表现) a. Breadth of general knowledge(知识丰富) b. Knowledge of literature in his field(本专业领域知识) c. Grade or achievement(成绩或成就) d. Industry, diligence(勤勉) e. Participation in discussion(讨论积极) f. Academic maturity(学业上的成熟)

(3)Languages(语言能力) a. Ability to speak, understand, read and write the English language(听、说、读、写英文的能力) b. Ability to read significant literature in other languages than English(英语以外的语言阅读能力)

(4)Character(品行) a. Honesty; integrity(诚实) b. Sincerity(诚恳) c. Sense of responsibility(责任感) d. Cooperation (合作) e. Enthusiasm(热诚) f. Conscientiousness(自觉性) g. Ethical and moral standards(伦理与道德标准) h. Reliability; dependability(可靠性)

第五篇：英文合同翻译用词——hereof

二 hereof

英文释义: of this

中文译词:关于此点;在本文件中

用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”时，使用该词。例如表示本合同条件、条款时，可以说“the terms, conditions and provisions hereof”，这里hereof表示“of this Contract”;又如表示本工程的任何部分，可用“any parts hereof”，这里hereof表示“of this Works”。 语法：一般置于要修饰的名词的后面，与之紧邻。

hereof和thereof的区别：hereof强调“of this”。例如，上面的“the terms, conditions and provisions thereof”中的thereof表示of the Contract;“any parts thereof”中的thereof表示of the Works。

例1

Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not, the owner of the goods shall, without interruption, by day and night, including Sundays and holidays (if required by the carrier), supply and take delivery of the goods. Provided that the owner of the goods shall be liable for all losses or damages including demurrage incurred in default on the provisions hereof.

注释：

(1) Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not：不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反，whether… or not：不论……是否

(2) the owner of the goods：货方

(3) without interruption：无间断地

(4) carrier：承运人

(5) in default on the provisions hereof：违反本款规定 hereof：of this Clause

参考译文：

不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反，货方都应昼夜地，包括星期日和假日(如承运人需要)，无间断地提供和提取货物。货方对违反本款规定所引起的所有损失或损坏，包括滞期应负担赔偿责任。

例2

Foreign trade dealers as mentioned in this Law shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, cover such legal entities and other organization as are engaged in foreign trade dealings. 注释：

(1) foreign trade dealers：对外贸易经营者

(2) as mentioned in this Law：本法所称

(3) the provisions hereof：the provisions of this Law 本法规定

(4) legal entity：法人

(5) be engaged in foreign trade dealings：从事对外贸易经营活动

参考译文：

本法所称对外贸易经营者，是指依照本法规定从事对外贸易经营活动的法人和其他组织。 例3

The establishment of a limited liability company or a company limited by shares shall comply with the conditions and provisions of this Law. A company complying with the conditions and provisions hereof may be registered as a limited liability company or a company limited by shares. Provided that if a company fails to comply with the conditions and provisions hereof, the company in question shall not be registered as a limited liability company or a company limited by shares.

注释：

(1)a limited liability company：有限责任公司 (2)a company limited by shares：股份有限公司

(3)provisions hereof：本法规定 hereof: of this Law (4)may be registered as：登记为 参考译文：

设立有限责任公司、股份有限公司，必须符合本法规定的条件。符合本法规定的条件的，登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司;不符合本法规定的条件的，不得登记为有限责任公司或股份有限公司。 例4

If, as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons, an arbitrator fails to perform his duties as an arbitrator, another arbitrator shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, be selected or appointed. 注释：

(1) as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons：回避或者其它原因 (2) arbitrator：仲裁员

(3) the provisions hereof：the provisions of this Law 本法规定 (4) be selected or appointed：选定或指定 参考译文：

仲裁员因回避或者其它原因不能履行职责的，应当依照本法规定重新选定或指定仲裁员。 例5

In the event of conflict between the provisions on arbitration formulated and prepared prior to the effective date of this Law and the provisions of this Law, the provisions hereof shall prevail. 注释：

(1) conflict：相抵触

(2) prior to the effective date of this Law：本法施行前

(3) the provisions hereof shall prevail：以本法为准 hereof：of this Law 参考译文：

本法施行前制定的有关仲裁的规定与本法的规定相抵触的，以本法为准。 例6

Where, in accordance with laws, the circumstance(s) specified in Article 15 and Article 16 of this Law is /are confirmed, the organization with compensatory obligations shall pay compensation in any of the circumstance in question.

Where the claimant for compensation demands the confirmation of one of the circumstances specified in Article 15 and Article 16 hereof, and the demanded organization refuses to make the confirmation, the claimant shall have the right to lodge a complaint. Where the claimant claims compensation, the claim, shall, first, be lodged to the organization for compensatory obligations. The provisions of Article 10, Article 11 and Article 12 hereof shall apply to/ in the procedures of compensation. 注释：

(1) the organization with compensatory obligations：赔偿义务机关 (2) shall pay compensation：应当给予赔偿 (3) the claimant for compensation：赔偿请求人

(4) Article 15 and Article 16 hereof：本法第十五条、第十六条 hereof：of this Law

(5) shall have the right to lodge a complaint：有权申诉 (6) claims compensation：要求赔偿 (7) apply to/ in：适用 More Examples: The comment applies equally here. /That argument does not apply in this case. /That applies to at least nine-tenths of the people we see about. /These remarks apply to every town in this kingdom. /The rules of safe driving apply to everyone. 参考译文：

赔偿义务机关对依法确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定的情形之一的，应当给予赔偿。 赔偿请求人要求确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定情形之一的，被要求的机关不予确认的，赔偿请求人有权申诉。赔偿请求人要求赔偿，应当先向赔偿义务机关提出。赔偿程序适用本法第十条、第十一条、第十二条的规定。 例7

If an arbitrator involved in one of circumstances specified in Item 4, Article 34 of this Law, and if it is serious, or those specified in Item 6, Article 58 hereof, the arbitrator in question shall, in accordance with the law, bear the legal liability and responsibility. The arbitration commission shall remove the name of the arbitrator in question from the list of arbitrators. 注释：

(1) arbitrator：仲裁员

(2) Article 58 hereof：本法第五十八条 hereof：of this Law (3) bear the legal liability and responsibility：承担法律责任 (4) the arbitration commission：仲裁委员会

(5) remove the name of the arbitrator in question from the list of arbitrators：将其除名 参考译文：

仲裁员有本法第三十四条第四项规定的情形，情节严重的，或者有本法第五十八条第六项规定的情形的，应当依法承担法律责任，仲裁委员会应当将其除名。 例8

If, pursuant to this Law, the relevant responsible authorities with the duty of approvals fail to grant approval to such an application as meets the requirements and provisions hereof, or the company registration authorities fail to register a company whose application meets the requirements hereof, the party in question may, in accordance with laws, apply for reconsideration or bring an administrative suit. 注释：

(1) the relevant responsible authorities with the duty of approvals：履行审批职责的有关主管部门

(2) meets the requirements and provisions hereof：符合本法条件 (3) the company registration authorities：负责公司登记的主管部门 (4) the requirements hereof：本法条件 hereof: of this Law (5) apply for reconsideration：申请复议

(6) bring an administrative suit：提起行政诉讼 参考译文：

依照本法，履行审批职责的有关主管部门，对符合本法条件的申请不予批准，或负责公司登记的主管部门不予登记，当事人可以依法申请复议或者提起行政诉讼。 例9

This Decision shall apply to the crimes committed against Article 9, Article 10 and Article 11 hereof by the staff and workers of enterprises other than limited liability companies and

companies limited by shares. 注释：

(1) the crimes committed：犯罪行为

(2) against Article 9, Article 10 and Article 11 hereof：犯有本决定第九条、第十条、第十一条规定 hereof: of this Decision 参考译文：

有限责任公司、股份有限公司以外的企业职工有本决定第九条、第十条、第十一条规定的犯罪行为的，适用本决定。 例10

Companies registered and established prior to the effective date of this Law shall, in accordance with Laws, administrative regulations, local regulations and pursuant to the “Standard Opinion on Limited Liability Companies” or the “Standard Opinion on Companies Limited by Shares” issued by the relevant responsible department of the State Council, continue to exist.

Those companies not completely satisfying the requirements of this Law shall, within the specified time limit, meet the requirements hereof. Specific methods for implementation of this Law will be set out in separate regulations issued by the State Council. 注释：

(1) companies registered：已登记成立的公司

(2) the “Standard Opinion on Limited Liability Companies”：《有限责任公司规范意见》 (3) the “Standard Opinion on Companies Limited by Shares”：《股份有限公司规范意见》 (4) the relevant responsible department of the State Council国务院有关主管部门 (5) in separate regulations issued by the State Council：由国务院另行规定 参考译文：

本法施行前已登记成立的公司，应依照法律、行政法规、地方性法规和国务院有关主管部门制定的《有限责任公司规范意见》，和《股份有限公司规范意见》，继续保留。其中不完全具备本法规定的条件的，应当在规定的期限内达到本法规定的条件。具体实施办法，由国务院另行规定。 例11

Unfair competition mentioned in this Law refers to acts of such business operators as contravene the provisions hereof, with a result of damaging the lawful rights and interests of other business operators, and disturbing the socio-economic order. 注释：

(1) unfair competition：不正当竞争 (2) business operators：经营者 (3) contravene the provisions hereof：违反本法规定 the provisions hereof：本法规定 hereof：of this Law

(4) the lawful rights and interests：合法权益

(5) disturbing the socio-economic order：扰乱社会经济秩序

参考译文：

本法所称的不正当竞争，是指经营者违反本法规定，损害其他经营者的合法权益，扰乱社会经济秩序的行为。