选择填空解析篇

选择填空解析篇（通用6篇）

篇1：选择填空解析篇

初中英语阅读完形填空100篇答案解析和名师点评

（八）第七十一篇 名师点评

这是一个黑色幽默，饥寒交迫的老妇，万般无奈，只好求助于上帝，帮助她的不是上帝而是警察，可警察在人们心中的印象却是“凡被警察碰过的只有一半被留下”，可悲！答案简析

1.C。被派去打仗了，要用被动语态。

2.A。于是，老人总为自己的衣、食而担心。C很具有迷惑性。但它的意思指“考虑”，没有A准确。

3.B。第二天，他被发现死在冰冷的湖里。

4.D。他的衣服被挂在树上。hang – hanged –hanged 此时的hang 作“绞死”讲，hang – hung –hung 意为“悬挂”。

5.A。儿子死了，丈夫没有了，此时她的心情唯有sad来描述。6.B。从but可知政府没有帮助她。fail“没成功”。7.B。fall asleep 固定短语，入睡。

8.D。她需要食物，衣服，但不可以选A，B，C，而D的外延最广，她需要帮助。9.C。finish writing 写完信。

10.A。发现自己没有邮票。从常识不难推断。11.B。上文所提及的那封信。

12.C。这是一个巧合，当然对于老妇来说更是一种幸运。所以其他选项不符合意思。13.B。警察们被信的内容所感动。其他选项都不是他们看信后的心情。14.D。开始老人看到钱，当然很高兴，但开始数钱时，她不是这样想了。15.A。她认为警察把她的钱也给拿走了一半，所以生气。

第七十二篇 名师点评

文章介绍了自己二十多年前，第一次遇到他的老校长的经历。应当说是一个很平凡的经历。但却深深地印在作者的脑海中，也许是因为它太平凡，也许是因为它是作者生活的转折点，也许……其实生活本来就是由无数个平凡所组成的。答案简析

1.B。根据常识，应该是小孩随家人一起回到London。

2.D。上文提及到因为战争，所以没有足够的学校供孩子们。

3.C。无论是从意思上或语法上看，只有用ask，意为“请求他们把我收下”。let sb.do sth., make sb.do sth.没有 hope sb.to do sth.。4.A。had been too“去过”，had gone to“已经去了”，这是初中部分很重要的两个词组，中国学生特别容易混淆。而这里的意思说“我们去过我家附近的所有的学校。”

5.A。in the end 最终，at first 起初，at once 立刻，by then到那时为止。根据意思当然选A。6.B。five kilometers away from home 离家5公里处。这里很多学生会选far,事实上我们只能用副词away。

7.C。从at least可知不选A或B，但根据上下文可知也不可能选D，C 最恰如其分 8.D。这里强调“让我们走进他的办公室”。9.C。根据常识可知。

10.B。由此可见作者知道校长大多要问这样的问题，也想出了一些回答方法。think of “想出”。

11.A。从上下文的意思看是转折关系。

12.A。此处只有用anyone，意为“谁也不认识”。

13.B。A和C绝不能用，因为后面有名词boys，the other表示“其他所有的男孩”，故也不能选。

14.B。意为“还有空位子”。

15.D。among the happiest of my life 意为“是我一生中最快乐的时候的一部分”。其他介词都不对。

第七十三篇 名师点评

这是一篇关于圆珠笔怎样发明使用的文章。由于钢笔易漏水给工作带来了许多不方便，通读此文，你就会明白圆珠笔在什么情况下发明推广使用。结合圆珠笔使用的方便和有关历史知识，能顺利完成短文。答案简析

1.B。从上下文判断应选B。

2.B。用笔写可用“write with pens”来表达。

3.A。钢笔里的墨水容易从笔管溢出来，所以选A。4.D。指他在为一家报社工作。

5.C。at one’s desk意思是“坐在桌前”。6.C。批改文稿可用correct pages来表达。

7.B。往笔里装墨水可用fill the pen with ink。这里省略了with ink.。8.A。用副词well修饰动词write。

9.C。由于他发现用钢笔写有麻烦，所以他和朋友开始做实验，想更好的方法。10.D。Why not +动词原形。11.D。他们喜欢他的设想。

12.B。the time of 表示“……的时候”。13.C。指当时空军正需要这样的笔。14.A。句意理解和实际判断想结合。

15.A。他们生产并销售圆珠笔供空军使用，故选sold。

第七十四篇

名师点评

这篇文章讲的是关于大家都知道但都不知道该如何处理的一个问题——代沟。代沟时时处处都有，怎样对待它？作者给了我们一点较好的建议，相互理解，换位思考，相信这个世界一定会变得更美丽。答案简析

1.A。很显然代沟已经是一个很严重的问题。2.C。从下文可知这是报纸上的一篇报道。

3.D。这篇文章是关于代沟的问题，所以应该是孩子和父母吵架后自杀，而不是和其他人。4.A。stay，work 不可能与time组成词组，have time不符合上下文的意思。因此用spend，意为把更多的时间花在工作上。5.D。本句与下文的关系是因果关系。

6.C。本句意为“因此就没有许多时间和小孩呆在一起，这样就会产生代沟”（与文章所谈论的话题相符）。所以不可能选其他选项。7.D。指父母与小孩双方都有这样的感觉。

8.B。没有共同的话题。其他选项虽无语法错误，但不符合文章的意思。

9.A。the same topics to talk about，这里动词不定式充当定语修，饰前面的名词，同时the same topics又是about的宾语。意为所谈论的话题。10.B。当然应是多和小孩子一起。11.C。这几个词组放在这儿都没有语法错误，父母一般说来都要和小孩相处（A）、照顾他们（B）、爱他们（D），但作者的意思是父母要理解小孩。12.D。把自己的感觉告诉给父母。

13.B。从常识不难推断。意为“他们是爱你们的人”。

14.A。把你们的内心所想告诉他们。say在这里有语法错误，ask与answer意思不对。15.A。这样你们才会更好地相互理解。这里强调“会，能”，故用can。

第七十五篇 名师点评

这是一篇描述巴黎景观的短文，文章抓住了该城的一个特色——灯城来展开描述，虽只有两段文字，却包含了丰富的内涵。答案简析

1.C。看文章的首句和尾句之后，此空便可迎刃而解。2.A。“what...mean”这是习惯性搭配。

3.B。灯要在夜里开，evening虽为“晚上”之意，但不可与at搭配。4.D。顺承上文华灯竞开，自然亮如白昼。

5.C。不看下一句，似乎4个选项均成立，但下文提到车灯，自然应

选驾车。

6.D。由于街上十分明亮，即使天黑了也不必开车灯。

7.A。文章最后又提出一个原因，说明不是唯一的原因才对。8.C。从上文可知用many。

9.A。由于巴黎乃世界科学和艺术中心，因此吸引了许多科学家和艺术家来此学习和研究。10.B。习惯用法。注意最后的lights显然不是指具体的灯，而是指“显赫人物；名家；名流”。

第七十六篇

名师点评

这是一篇以情景推理的语境题目为主的完形填空，它谈到了英国人对足球的狂热程度，这方面背景知识的 了解会大大有助于该题的解答。全文内容紧密结合英美人生活实际，足球乃世界第一大球，在英国，人们日常生活的话题除了天气之外，大概谈的最多的就是足球了，只要理解了这一点，结合上下文的语言环境，分析好句法关系，应该能够应付自如。答案简析

1.B。从to see this和常理可以判断出去看的是比赛，而非其他。2.D。指球迷们激动的场面：大声叫喊。

3.A。看球的人为一方或另一方而呐喊助威，这种球迷的狂热劲应有所闻，也不难理解。4.C。短文讲的就是英国人对足球的狂热。

5.D。在这个长句中，主语one后带有一个“of”短语，而表语后带有

“of短语＋定语从句”，文章首 句已点明本文谈的是英国，对一个陌生人来说，英国足球最让

人拍案称奇的是，甚至小孩子也会对足球知之甚多。6.A。指球队队员。

7.B。这是一个由三个分句连接的并列句，tell，has，knows的内容

根据常识不难判断，这就是说这 些小孩子能告诉你大多数重要球队所有队员的名字，而且还有他们的照片，知道许多场比赛的结果。8.D。他们希望哪个队会赢。9.C。从上下文便知。

10.B。这是一个包含两个复杂分句的并列句，中间由and连接，填空处8 he hopes系插入语，即He will tell you(he hopes)who will win...；后一分句是包含同级比较be as good as的句子。9空处指“评球 ”才合适，全句意为：他会告诉你，他希望这场那场比赛中谁赢，而他关于足球的观点通常同成年人一样好，那些成年人的年龄比他们大两、三倍。

第七十七篇 名师点评

这篇短文告诉我们学习必须要有好的方法，劳逸结合，高效出成果。读后把它用到学习中去, 时刻提醒自己。答案简析

1.C。表示一端时间，time是可数名词，可以说 for a long time，除此，只能选择C项。2.A。句意是“帮助不大”，help 符合句意。3.D。return后跟介词 to搭配。

4.B。此处learn more 与study better为并列关系，用 and。5.A。Psychologists 的发现，用动词find。

6.C。注意下面表示“以……为例”的表达法的区别： take ……for example, take……as an example，关键是那个 an。7.D。stay表示“保持原状”，是联系动词。

8.C。通过上下文stay the same和 give up，判断是“没有学到知识”。9.B。take a big jump 意思是“发生很大的飞跃”。10.C。与effective相互应的褒义词是 interesting。

第七十八篇 名师点评

这篇短文讲的是一位老师在带学生参观的途中，由于司机酒后驾驶出了事故，造成五位学生死亡。他决心离开学校当警察，查处违规司机。答案简析

1.B。上文说：他教得好。推断：他是个老师。2.A。从上句推断：他教得好，学生当然喜欢他。

3.D。从下文发生的交通事故使他不做老师改当警察来推断，故选change。4.C。他带学生参观。

5.D。下文说：他们玩得痛快。推断：看到许多有趣的事。6.A。car 学生们外出参观坐bus。7.C。车祸中五名学生死了。

8.B。车祸中半数学生受伤。9.A。事故大，老师当然难过。

10.B。老师深恶痛绝司机的违章，故离开学校，当了警察。11.C。这天埃文斯当班。

12.D。从上下文判断，这是一辆轿车。13.A。这里谈到的交通。

14.B。埃文斯要看她的驾驶证。15.C。那女司机要他自己看。

第七十九篇 名师点评

本文是关于世界闻名的大学——剑桥大学的发展及其现状。城市即大学，大学即城市，谁也说不清哪儿是大学，哪儿是城市。真是一个令人向往城市，——不，真是一个令人向往的大学。答案简析

1.B。谁也不能给出一个明确的答案。2.A。大学周围没有围墙。

3.D。四个选项中，只有libraries属于大学里的设施之一。4.C。用its代指the city’s。

5.D。四个选项中，只有teachers属大学里的成员之一。

6.C。整句话的意思为“剑桥早在800年前就是一个发展中的城镇了。7.B。

8.B。这个城镇过去被叫做…… 9.A。建在河上的理应是桥。

10.D。很明显的因果关系。因此用so。11.C。more and more意为“越来越多”。12.C。发展得快。

13.A。从城镇变成了一个城市。14.B。其他的国家。

15。C。其他国家的学生都希望到剑桥来学习。

第八十篇 名师点评

“我”深夜回家，无法进屋，只好爬窗，巧遇警察。“我”和警察的对话，生动幽默。短文常用短语较多，完成空格时多加注意。答案简析 1.A。“叫醒某人”应表达为wake up sb.or wake sb.up。2.C。ring the bell（按门铃）是常用短语。3.B。fast asleep表示“睡得很熟”。4.D。against the wall表示“靠墙”。5.B。梯子放好了就往上爬。

6.A。作者爬窗户时，听到下面有个男人的说话声。

7.C。at this time 表示“此刻”。

8.D。作者回头看见警察时，差一点儿摔下梯子。

9.B。couldn’t help doing something表示“禁不住做什么”。10.B。did = answered。

11.B。作者说：我喜欢夜里擦窗户。

12.D。警察说：So do I =我也喜欢夜里擦窗户。13.A。mind + doing something 是常用搭配。

14.C。从作者的上述表现来看，他的确把钥匙给忘了。15.D。下文说：我的钥匙！推断上文：你的什么？

篇2：选择填空解析篇

No matter what our ideas are，we must try hard to achieve them．When we are young we are full of energy．We have the 63．_____（good）conditions in our lives．Good memories，good understandings and so on．We should make full 64．_____ of these conditions to study more．

For 65．_____，we should do as many things as possible we want to do．Of course，they must enrich our lives，66．_____ can make it possible for us to gather many different experiences that are worth 67．_____（remember）when we are old．

Then when we are really old，when we cannot mxperienced in happiness 70．_____ we can say we have no regret in our lives．ove any 68．_____，we can be proud of our 69．_____（achieve）that we have ever e

语篇导读：本文讲述年轻就是财富，随着时间的流逝一切都将消失，但为青春奋斗所取得的成就会让我们的人生更加丰富。

答案及剖析：

61．with 考查介词。with time going by 随着时间的流逝。

62．that 考查强调句。句意：在我看来，实现自己的价值，是非常重要的。It is．．．that用来强调 to realize our value，our idea。

63．best 考查最高级。句意：在我们生活中有最好的状态。根据in our lives可知用最高级。

64．use 考查动词短语中的名词。make full use of 充分利用。

65．another 考查固定短语。上文提到for one thing，一方面，故此处用for another另一方面。

66．which 考查定语从句。句意：它们必须能丰富我们的生活，这会给我们增加很多不同的经历，当我们岁数大时这些经历很值得记住。

67．remembering 考查固定短语。be worth doing值得做某事。

68．more/longer 考查固定短语。not any more/longer不再。

69．achievements 考查名词。我们能为我们所取得的成就感到骄傲，我们没有任何遗憾。

70．and 考查连词。我们能为我们所取得的成就感到骄傲，我们没有任何遗憾。两个句子是并列关系。

(二)According to a recent survey，violence did exist in schools．Students 1．_____（show）their fear and parents and teachers also expressed their great concern about it．2．_____（expert）hope the whole society will pay more attention to the mental health of adolescents．

Nowadays，school violence is 3．_____ hot issue．I think this is a phenomenon，4．_____calls for our great concern．We should try every effort 5．_____（prevent）violence happening at school for more and more students would drop out of school if theirp ersonal 6．_____（safe）could not be guaranteed．In fact，violence can be learned．Children learn violent behavior from adults or from 7．_____they see on television or on the Internet．

If I meet with school violence，I will not answer violence 8．_____violence，for it will result in 9．_____（much）fighting． I will tell my teachers or parents about it． I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys．

All in all，every student should behave 10．_____（he）and keep away from violence．

语篇导读：文章作者向我们介绍了对校园暴力的看法。

答案及剖析：

1．showed 此处需要填一个谓语动词，根据句中另一个谓语动词expressed可知，应该用一般过去时态，所以填所给动词的过去式。

2．Experts 根据谓语动词hope可知，此处需要填提示词的复数形式。

3．a 此处需要填一个不定冠词表示一个的意思。

4．which 此处需要一个非限制性定语从句的引导词，因为先行词为物，所以要用which。

5．to prevent 此处需要一个动词不定式作目的状语。

6．safety 本题考查提示词的名词形式safety，表示“安全”。

7．what 引导一个宾语从句，并且在从句中作宾语，所以要用连接代词what。

8．with 此处考查介词 with的用法，表示“用，以”。

9．more 此处需要用所给词的比较级。由语境可知，以暴力对付暴力，只能产生更多的暴力。

篇3：选择填空解析篇

一、落实语境教学

毋庸置疑, 语境对于学生更为精确地理解语篇的意义, 把握整个语篇结构是极为重要的。语篇本身就产生于特定的文化语境 (cultural context) 和一定的情景语境 (situational context) 。所谓文化语境, 是整个语言系统的文化背景。它包括有关文化风俗习惯、交际惯例, 有关客观世界和主观世界的认知框架等。而情景语境是语言运用时的环境。它包括话语范围, 事件的性质, 参与者的关系、时间、地点、方式等。可以说, 没有对语境的正确理解, 就不可能对语篇作出正确的解读。因此, 阅读时, 文化共识、情景和参与者的主观因素都是解读语篇的必要条件。以两个小的语篇为例:

1.As soon as the wedding ceremony was over, we rushed to the bride and struggled with each other for her pockets.I was the first to put my hand into her pocket.I felt the coins.A sudden feeling of happiness ran over me.

如果读者是不了解中国某些农村地区婚俗的西方人, 那么就难以解读这个语篇了。文化语境的作用从中可见一斑。

2.The storm raged for four hours, pouring more rain on us than we had seen in the last five years.As expected, the river broke its banks and came slowly up towards the houses and the stock.

Then just as we were beginning to lose hope, the storm stopped as suddenly as it had begin.The animals were safe, and the roof was still nailed on.“All’s well that ends well, ”said my mother.

该语篇为读者提供了清楚无误的情景语境。暴雨倾盆, 河水猛涨, 威胁人畜……读者尽可运用其曾遭遇暴雨袭击的经历来感悟语篇的内容。在大脑中重新构建暴雨肆虐的情景语境。这样, 他对于母亲所说的“All’s well that ends well.”这句话的理解就会准确了。

从以上两例中可以看出, 在阅读教学中只注意语言本身而忽视语境的组织和再组织是很难帮助学生全面提高阅读能力的。在进行阅读理解的过程中, 学生对作者构建的语境的认识、与作者交流的主动性及重新构建语境的能力等因素, 对理解的准确性和速度有很大影响。如果没有有意识地开拓学生的语境反应能力, 其结果将是学生在阅读中语境重构迟缓, 造成步步考虑词义, 句句死抠语法, 理解过程艰难。因此, 我们应有意识地加大对学生语境反应和重构能力的培养。

笔者认为在平时教学中, 教师可通过丰富并地道的语篇阅读材料来深化学生对词汇量的理解, 使他们感知词汇中的文化意义。让他们在阅读中发现并感受中外文化的差异, 获得一种跨文化交际的敏感性, 使之对西方国家的社会制度、历史、民族习俗及价值观等文化现象有一个较为系统全面的了解。以不同文化的价值观为例。在我们的价值取向上, 个人主义被视为消极的东西, 而在美国, 从早期移民拓荒者那里延袭下来的个人奋斗精神一直被视为一种积极的国家精神。如果某个语篇的作者写一篇宣扬个人主义的文章, 学生以中国人的价值观来解读的话, 对文章的理解就会产生偏差。恰如对单词individualist的理解, 不少学生把它等同于个人主义者, 而了解了美国人的价值取向之后, 很自然地会把它理解为特立独行、有独立见解的人。

此外, 教师可拿出一定的课时选取合适的材料, 重点强化学生的语境意识。具体说来, 可以在学生读完语篇后, 提出一些精心设计的问题。以问题作为教学的切入点, 把学生的注意力引向对语篇场、语篇方式及上下文设置的主要情景的关注。使他们运用已有的经历或知识构建出新的语境, 这些问题可大致分为字面性问题 (literal comprehension) 、重组性问题 (reorganization) 、推测性问题 (referential) 、评价性问题 (evaluation) 和欣赏性问题 (appreciation) 。以一段简单对话为例:

———Is George a good cook?

———He’s English.

如果读者原有的知识框架中对英国人的烹调技艺了解, 知道人们常对英国饭菜单调乏味而抱怨的话, 那么, 他就即刻能建立一个新的语境, 理解到George的手艺并不高明。而在教学过程中, 教师则要善于提出问题。如:Are the English good atcooking in general?What’s the feature of English cooking?以这样的问题来激发学生的典型情景的心理呈现。

再者, 教师要着力培养学生对下文的快速预测能力, 要求学生在接受篇章的同时即刻预测下文可能出现什么内容。而准确的预测首先需要对相关语境进行重构。

二、关注语篇的衔接手段

语篇的衔接手段主要是指照应 (reference) 、替代 (substitution) 省略 (ellipsis) 、语汇衔接 (lexical cohesion) 和过渡连结 (conjunction) 等。在语篇教学过程中, 教师要积极引导学生去观察、发现并体验各种衔接手段。笔者重点谈一下照应、连接和词汇衔接手段。在语篇解读中, 首先要重视对代词指代照应理解。如:Perhaps everyone has a beautiful dress in his or her heart.Only some people are not aware of it, forget it or abandon it Beauty is a power force or weapon———that’s something unrealized by many of us.It can arouse fine qualities that humans are born with but has so far hidden somewhere.上文中共有四个it。它们所指对象都相同吗?在教学中教师必须向学生提出这个问题。又如:Families might use the time for a real family hour.Without the distraction of TV, they might sit around together after dinner and actually talk to one another.文中的代词they是回指前面的fami-lies吗?这个问题教师应当向学生提出, 以引起他们对这种照应现象的思考和重视。

其次, 要引导学生关注连接这种衔接手段。连结指的是在语篇中应用过渡词语或过渡句来连接句子等, 如:

表示换言连接关系的in other words, that is, I mean, to put i another way;

表示矫正连接关系的or rather, be more precise;

表示母论连接关系的in any case, anyway, leaving that aside;

表示总结连接关系的in short, to sum up, in conclusion;

表示继续连接关系的as I was saying, to resume, to get back to the point。

例如, My client says he does not know this witness.Further, he denies ever having seen her or spoken to her.“further”一词就是表示递进的过渡词;When you smile at someone, you are saying, “I want to be friendly, ”but you are not using speech.而but则

是表示转折的连词。

再次, 要注意词汇衔接手段。它包括同义词、反义词、上下义词和搭配等。如, We find ourselves rich in goods, but ragged in spirit.文中rich in good/ragged in spirit这一对反义词的使用反映了演讲者对当时美国存在的物质丰富、精神空虚现象的不满。这种衔接手段在英语语篇中十分常见。它使得语篇前后衔接, 意义连贯。然而它在某种程度上成为学生解读语篇的困难之一。教师要通过具体实例让学生理解它, 通过词汇选择在语篇中建立一个贯穿始终的链条, 从而建立语篇的连续性。以近义词 (near synonym) 为例, 它可以帮助解释或界定某个概念或思想, 或使某个行为进一步具体化。

如:A baby who won’t stop crying can drive anyone to despair.You feed him, you change him, you nurse him, you try to settle him, but the minute you put him down, he starts to howl.

在教学中, 教师可让学生在语篇中寻找含有意义相同或密切相关词汇的句子, 把这些句子集中起来。使得taking care of a baby who is crying具体化、形象化。

三、语篇解读在完形填空解题中的应用

完形填空要求学生修复信息不完整的语篇。它通常针对与语篇话题相关的核心词的语义辨析和用法及逻辑联系语设题。学生必须依据语篇从整体着眼, 把握语篇的层次结构和其内容的逻辑关系来达到“完型”与“完义”的统一。如果仅以句子为单位进行分析、解题, 那等同于肢解一个完整而连续的语篇, 而以语篇为单位进行分析、解读, 从语境、衔接、语义逻辑这几个方面来考虑则非常有利于完形填空的解题。

1.重构语境

关于语境对语篇的解读作用, 本文已有叙述。再以何自然先生所举的“Today is Sunday.”为例:

(1) 一对夫妇, 丈夫天天伏案工作, 妻子在星期天对丈夫说:“John, today is Sunday!” (表示关切、劝告)

(2) 一对夫妇, 说好星期天丈夫帮忙干家务, 可丈夫到那一天只专心看电视, 妻子说:“John, today is Sunday!” (表示命令)

(3) 父子住在郊区, 星期天来了, 孩子想进城对父亲说:“Pa, today is Sunday.” (表示请求)

这进一步说明只有在一定的语境中, 句子的意义才是明确的, 以2006年江西高考试卷完形填空题为例:

While I studied at school, I felt a great difficulty in learning my Latin translations.I way always very 36 in using a dictionary.

36.A.quick B.stow C.hard D.good

这段话为我们提供一个学习拉丁文翻译困难重重的学生在校学习的情景语境。学的艰难自然进展缓慢, 故36应选slow。

又如:In one station, a kind lady told me that______stations couldn’t risk hiring an inexperienced person, “Find a small station...”

通过解读这段话, 我们很容易构建这样一个语境:一个好心人告诉一个没有工作经验的求职者去小型电台试试。言外之意则是大电台不会冒风险聘用无经验者, 故该空只能选择big。

再以2010年江西高考试卷完形填空题为例:

When Alice started to cycle home from Jenny’s home, she wasn’t nervous.She was certainly not afraid of the dark., it was only a 15-minute ride home.But halfway there, she began to wish that she hadn’t been so.

As she rounded a sharp bend, it suddenlycold———very cold.Alice’s breath became puffs of white cloud and her legs were so cold that it became hard to ride.

文本的该部分明显地为我们设立了一个科幻故事的背景。天黑了Alice骑车回家, 开始时她感觉正常, 但走到半路她懊悔了。在一急转弯处, 温度聚降……

根据上述重构的语境, 36应填besides, 以递进的方式来描述当时的情景。37应填brave, 用以表述当时自身的鲁莽。38应填grew表示变化。

2.利用语篇衔接手段

语篇通常通过各种衔接手段实现语义连贯。我们可充分利用这些词汇关系进行语篇信息的修复。

如:The beauty of a woman is not in theshe wears, the figure she carries.Theof a woman must be seen in her eyes.

这两个句子通过词汇的重复, 上下义词的运用而衔接起来。beauty一词的重复强调了主题, 作为上义词, 它很自然地引出了后出现的下义词clothes和figure使其语境意义更为明确。毕竟很多人是试图通过体形和服饰来展示其美的。所以正确选项 (1) 是clothes, (2) 是beauty。

又比如, Growing up, Sherithought for a moment that she should make it to college., she took a job driving a truck.years passed, she found it boring.she changed her job.

第一题选B, 第二题选C, 第三题选A, 第四题选B。

该语段应用几个连词将篇章衔接起来。

3.把握语义逻辑关系

在一个语篇里, 语意的逻辑联系紧密。在解答完形填空题时, 需要我们利用某些逻辑联系语整理上下句之间的逻辑关系。

如:Before leaving, I had turned the heaterin the roadhouse, so that when we went in, it was nice and.

so that在这里为信息词, 表明前后文之间的因果关系。所以第一空应填on, 第二空应填warm。在平时对学生进行训练时, 教师还可以要求学生不看选项, 而全部根据重构的语境和语义逻辑关系及语篇衔接来解答完形填空。以下面一个语段为例, 该语段选自2010年湖北高考题。

The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps.She paid the driver and then, using her hands tothe seats, settled in one of them.

It had been a year since Susan became blind.As the result o an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of.Susan’s husband Mark watched herinto hopelessness and he wasto use every possible means to help his wife.

综合应用上述方法, 我们可以判断第一题填feel, 第二题填darkness, 第三题填sink, 第四题填determined。

摘要：本文探讨了中学英语语篇阅读教学中的一些问题。对于利用语境重构和注意衔接来解读语篇并解答完形填空提出了一些对策。

关键词：语篇教学,语境重构,语篇衔接,完形填空

参考文献

[1]刘辰诞.教学篇章语言学[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 2000.

[2]张德禄, 苗兴伟, 李学宁.功能语言学与外语教学[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 2005.

篇4：完形填空精练及解析

另外，解题时要注意运用一些技巧：如遇有“紧贴行文逻辑类”考题时，应上下句中了解行文的走向和句子之间的逻辑关系，然后顺着文章的意思做出逻辑判断，轻松找到答案；遇有“概述和具体互辉映”时，应考虑到很多时候，命题老师喜欢用给出概述，让你选择对应的具体形式或者反过来，给出具体形式，让你归纳概述这种方式，从而为自己找到解题线索。因此考生应学会去捕捉这类提示信息。

根据以上所说，请各位同学试一试以下一篇完形填空。

Valentine’s Day was the time my father chose to show his love for the special people in his life．Over the years I fondly (天真地) thought __1__ him as my “Valentine man”.

My first recollection of the__2__ he could bring to Valentine’s Day came when I was six．That morning at the breakfast table I found a card and a gift-wrapped package at my chair．The card was __3__ “Love, Dad” and the gift was a ring with a small piece of red glass to __4__ my birthstone, a ruby (红宝石)．There is__5__ difference between red glass and rubies to a child of six, and I remember __6__ that ring with pride that all the cards in the world __7__ not surpass (超越).

__8__ I grew older, the gifts gave __9__ to heart-shaped boxes filled with my __10__ chocolate and always included a __11__ card signed “Love, Dad”．In those years my thank-you became __12__ of a perfunctory (敷衍) response．The cards seemed less __13__ , and I took for granted that the Valentine would __14__ be there．I had __15__ my hopes and dreams in receiving cards and gifts from “significant others” and “Love, Dad” just didn’t seem quite __16__.

His final card remains on my desk today．It’s a__17__ of how special fathers can be and how important it has been to me over the years to know that I had a father who continued a __18__ of love with simple acts of understanding and an ability to express happiness over the people in his life.

Those things never __19__ , nor does the memory of a man who never 20 being my Valentine.

1．A．of

B．about

C．upD．over

2．A．memoryB．magic

C．puzzleD．presents

3．A．readB．written

C．shownD．signed

4．A．recoverB．resemble

C．representD．replace

5．A．muchB．little

C．greatD．less

6．A．havingB．owning

C．wearingD．watching

7．A．couldB．did

C．mustD．should

8．A．BecauseB．Since

C．WhenD．As

9．A．roomB．way

C．honourD．seat

10．A．favorite

B．lovely

C．dearD．precious

11．A．usualB．common

C．strangeD．special

12．A．lessB．little

C．moreD．much

13．A．importantB．beautiful

C．familiarD．standard

14．A．surelyB．always

C．regularlyD．often

15．A．letB．kept

C．placedD．remembered

16．A．suitableB．enough

C．effectiveD．sacred

17．A．signalB．certificate

C．consequenceD．reminder

18．A．traditionB．hobby

C．habitD．custom

19．A．loseB．die

C．missD．appear

20．A．thoughtB．wanted

C．triedD．stopped

【文章概括】 提到情人节，人们可能马上联想到鲜花、巧克力以及年轻的恋人们，认为情人节仅是属于他们的。但情人也包括所有我们深爱的人以及深爱着我们的人。情人节里人们常常借助于小小的礼物来传递或者表达心中的一份爱意或亲情。本文作者回忆小时候父亲在情人节给卡片的事件展开叙述，引出话题，真情流露，展示出父女间的一份亲情和回忆。

【脉络梳理】 本文难度适中，分三个层次，第一小节为第一层次，点出主题。第二、三小节为第二层次，作者回忆自己小时候第一次收到父亲礼物及长大后对父亲的情人节礼物的态度的变化。第四、五节为第三层次，首尾呼应表达出作者对父亲的怀念。

【解题技巧】 对于叙议结合的文章考生应该把握文章的整体内容，区分结构的层次和内容的逻辑关系，去选择适合文章情节的答案，不能孤立于整体之外去选填，因为四个选项无论是从词法还是从词类及它们的语法功能上都能满足孤立的句子的要求，唯有结合上下文语境才能选出正确答案。如第2题，从语法角度来看，四个选项均正确，但从整体来看，作者回忆父亲在情人节给自己带来的那份独特的感受来着笔描述，所以B项最能表达出这份情感。第11题也是如此。

答案与解析

1．A think of ..．as ..．是固定短语，意为“

把……视为／看作……”。

2．B 该句大意为“我对情人节的记忆最早是从我六岁那年开始的”。该题易误选D项。此处所说的是情人节给作者带来的那份魅力和回忆，而不仅仅是礼物。

3．D 卡片上有父亲的签名。该选项从下文也可得到提示。

4．C 戒指上的红玻璃代表着我的诞生石——红宝石。

5．B 对一个六岁的孩子而言，红玻璃和红宝石没有什么不同。

6．C 表示佩戴首饰只能用wear。

7．A 世界上所有的卡片都不能超过它。

8．D as在此处引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”。

9．B give way to是固定短语，意为“为……所代替”。

10．A 该题可采用排除法，修饰巧克力不能用“可爱的；亲爱的；宝贵的”，但可以用“最喜爱的”。

11．D 父亲的卡片对作者来说是特殊的。

12．C 该句句意为“而我的感谢越来越成为一种敷衍的回应”。从上下文可知，此处是与以前相对比。

13．A 这些卡片看起来已经不是那么重要。

14．B 我想当然地认为情人节年年都有。

15．C 我把梦想和希望放在收到那些来自“重要的其他人”的卡片和礼物上。

16．B 来自父亲的贺卡似乎远远不能够（满足女儿的需要）。

17．D 父亲送我的最后一张卡片在提醒着我：父亲对子女的爱是多么特别又是多么重要。

18．A 父亲表达的是一种传统的爱。

19．B 该句句意为“这些事情永远不会消逝，就如同我对一位男子的记忆，他永远是我的情人”。这句话表达了女儿对父亲永远的怀念。

篇5：课文语篇填空必修②

课文语篇填空

必修②1.历史文化

Hello, I’m Jan Hasek, an old 1 _____(mine)from the Czech Republic.In April 1945 I heard something 2 _________(explode)at midnight.I got up and ran outside.The sound came from a mine 3 ______hadn’t been used 4 ____ a long time.5 _________(Sudden)I saw some German soldiers by the light of the moon.They were taking wooden boxes from trucks and putting 6 _______in the mine.A week 7 ______(late)I decided 8 _____(go)and see for myself.To my surprise, the entrance 9 ______the mine was closed.Some people say that the Amber Room and some gold 10______(bury)in the mine.I think it might be so, as the Amber Room has never been found.2.体育运动

I first became 1 ___________(interest)in football 2 ______I was nine.Now I play in my school team and join my friends for 3 ___ game every week on a regular basis.It’s fun.My favourite footballer is David Beckham 4 ________ I also like Ronaldo.They are 5 _____ excellent and have great skills too.Apart from 6 ________(play)at school, I 7 ____(go)to sports school every weekend.I learn many 8 ______(skill)there, such as passing the ball and scoring.I 9 __________(especial)like playing on the wing like Beckham but 10 _________(be)a striker is good as well.3.网络时代

My first football competition was in Nagoya, Japan several years ago.Last year our team went to Seattle, Washington in the USA.We won 1 ______(two)place.2 ___________(personal), I think the team that won first place 3 ________(cheat).They had developed a new type of program just 4 ________the competition.So we need to encourage our 5 _________(program)to improve our intelligence too.We are determined to create an even 6 ______(good)system.In a way our programmer is like our coach.She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while 7 _________(watch)human games.Then she prepares reliable moves to use 8 ____ a new situation arises.In this way I can make up new moves using my “artificial intelligence”.I would really like to play 9 _____________a human team, for I have been programmed to act just like them.After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, 10 _______(use)my intelligence is what I’m all about!4.生物保护

Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth.1 _____most famous of these animals are dinosaurs.2 _____ lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long 3 ______humans came into being and their future seemed secure 4 __ that time.There were many 5 _________(difference)kinds of dinosaur and a number of them used to live in China.Not long ago a rare new species of bird-like dinosaur 6 _______(discover)in Chaoyang County, Liaoning Province.When scientists inspected the bones, they were surprised 7 ________(find)that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.Dinosaurs died out suddenly about 65 million years ago.Some scientists think it came after an 8 __________(expect)incident when a huge rock from space hit the earth and put too much dust into the air.9 _______ think the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any more.Nobody knows for sure 10 ____ and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in such a short time.2016高考备考

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5.文娱活动

Have you ever wanted to be part of a band as a famous singer or musician? Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people 1 _____ a concert? To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to 2 _________(become)rich and famous.But just how do people form a band?Many musicians meet and form a band 3 ________ they like to write and play their own music.They may start as a group of high-school students, for whom 4 ________(practice)their music in someone’s house is the first step to fame.Sometimes they may play to 5 _________(passer-by)in the street or subway so that they 6 _____ earn some extra money for

7___________(them)or to pay for their instruments.Later they may give 8 ____________(perform)in pubs or clubs, for which they 9 ________(pay)in cash.Of course they hope to make records in a studio and sell millions of copies to become 10 ___________(million)!

必修③1.节假活动

The most 1________(energy)and important festivals are the ones 2_____ look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring.At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red bags.There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together.Some 3_______(west)countries have very exciting carnivals, 4______ take place forty days before Easter, usually in February.These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud noise, loud music and colorful clothing of all kinds.Easter is 5___ important religious and social festival for Christians around the world.6___ celebrates the return of Jesus from the death and the comingof spring and new life.The country，7________(cover)with cherry tree flowers，looks as if it is covered with pink snow.People like to get together to eat，drink and have fun 8____ each other.Festivals let us enjoy life，be proud of 9____ customs and forget our work 10____ a little while.2.饮食健康

It had been a very strange morning.Wang Peng felt very 1__________(frustrate)when he saw none of his customers would eat in his restaurant as usual.2___ his opinion, nothing could be 3______(good)than his fried rice, mutton kebabs, fatty pork or his sugary cola.4______ following one of his best friends into Yong Hui’s newly opened restaurant, 5 ___ was amazed 6 __ the menu there: raw vegetables, fruit and water.In order to win his customers back, before long he went to the library to do some research, 7______ showed Yong Hui’s menu didn’t give the customers energy-giving food.In fact, there was 8_______(weak)in Wang Peng’s menu as well.So the only solution is 9___________(combine)the two menus together to get 10 __ balanced menu.6.财富人生 2016高考备考

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Born in Florida, Mark Twain, an American renowned writer and speaker, spent his boyhood in Hannibal, Missouri，along the Mississippi River, three of 1_____ most famous books describe people on this great river.As this author loved the river so much that even 2___ pen name comes from the river.As we know, “Twain” is 3___ old word for “two”.So, to “mark twain,” that is to say, the water is equal 4____ two fathoms(英寻)deep.Being poor，Twain dropped school at the age of twelve 5________(look)for work.Over the next two decades he worked as a printer，a riverboat pilot，a soldier，a gold miner，a businessman and a newspaper reporter to support the family.Being poor，Twain dropped school at the age of twelve 5________(look)for work.Over the next two decades he worked as a printer，a riverboat pilot，a soldier，a gold miner，a businessman and a newspaper reporter to support the family.It was said that his first 6________(success)story was about a jumping frog contest.And his works became extremely famous for their descriptions of common people and the way they talked, especially 7___ his humor.As a result, he became very rich from his works, 8____ the last years of his life 9 ________(fill)with sad events, the deaths of his wife and children, the loneliness and the loss of much money.For this，his writings lost most of their humor and became sad 10 ______ him.Yet he is still regarded as one of the best-known writers in the modern world.7.航天科技

No one knows exactly how the earth began.However, according to a widely accepted theory, it began 1______ a “Big Bang”.Then the earth exploded loudly and produced water vapor and many gases, 2_______(make)the earth’s atmosphere.And then as the earth cooled down, water appeared and stayed 3___ the surface.It was the presence of water 4____ allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas, 5 ______ made it possible for life to develop.And the 6____________(appear)of small plants encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.Next, green plants began to grow on land.7_____ were followed by land animals.Later, reptiles appeared for the first time, after which dinosaurs developed.However, they suddenly 8__________(appear).Therefore, mammals rose on the earth.Finally, humans appeared and spread all over the earth.However, they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, making the earth too hot to live on.So 9_______ life will continue on the earth will depend on whether this problem can 10_______(solve).8.美丽世界

Li Daiyu and Liu Qin were on a trip to Canada to visit 1____ cousins on the Atlantic coast.Rather than take the aeroplane all the way，they took the train west to east across Canada.The thought 2 ____ they could cross the whole continent all the way was exciting.Canada is the second 3______(large)country in the world.People say Vancouver is Canada’s most beautiful city 4__________(surround)by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.On the northern coast of Vancouver, 5___ is so wet there that the trees are 6_________(extreme)tall.That afternoon aboard the train，the cousins settled 7_____ in their seats.They knew cowboys from all over the world compete in the Stampede.Many cowboys have a gift 8___ riding wild horses.They also learned that most Canadians live within 320 kilometers of the USA border 9____ the population 2016高考备考

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is only slightly 10_____ thirty million.必修④

1.巾帼英雄

Nobody before Jane fully understood chimps’ behavior.She spent years observing and 1_________(record)their daily activities.2_____ her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment.However，this was not easy.When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960，it was 3_______(usual)for a woman 4______(live)in the forest.Only 5____ her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.Her work changed the way people think about chimps.6___ example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat.Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts.She actually observed chimps as 7___ group hunting a monkey and then eating 8__.She also discovered 9____ chimps communicate with each other, and 10___ study of their body language helped her work out their social system.2.农业技术

Dr.Yuan was born in Beijing in 1930.1_____ he graduated from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953，he has devoted 2___ life 3 __ finding ways to grow more and more rice.As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.At that time,hunger was 4__ serious problem in many parts of the country.Dr.Yuan searched for a way 5______(increase)rice harvests without expanding the area of fields.In 1950，Chinese farmers could only produce fifty million tons of rice.Last year，however, 6______(near)two hundred million tons of rice 7____________(produce).These increased harvests mean 8____ 22% of the world’s people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China.Dr.Yuan is now circulating his 9__________(know)in India，Vietnam and other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests.Thanks to his research，the UN is trying to rid the world 10___ hunger.Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.3.语言幽默

Charlie Chaplin was a humorous actor.He astonished us with 1__________(humor)feelings he inspired in us.Born 2___ poverty, he 3________(become)famous by using a particular form of acting in entertaining silent movies.He was 4 __ charming character, being well known throughout the world.He played a poor and homeless person, 5________(wear)large trousers and carrying a walking stick.The character was a social failure in the movies, 6___ he was loved by all the people.By overcoming difficulties，by being kind to people unkind to7____, by making a sad situation entertaining, and by eating a boiled shoe, Charlie Chaplin made 8__ happy and excited.He used nonverbal humour in the film The Gold Rush.In the middle of the nineteenth century，in search of gold, people rushed to California 9______ gold was discovered, panning for gold, washing gold from water in a pan of water, and hoping to pick up gold.Charlie Chaplin produced, directed, and wrote the movies that he starred in.He was given a special Oscar in 1972 10___ his lifetime outstanding work of bringing humour to us all.4.肢体语言 2016高考备考

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Your director has sent you to meet business people at Pudong Airport.1_____ are visitors coming from several countries, who are interested in the development of business in China.They are from Europe, North America，South America and Asia.They will be meeting at a major hotel 2 _____ local business people and people 3_____ represent the Chinese government.Four people enter looking around 4 __ a curious way.You do not want to disappoint your boss，and this is an 5________(excite)experience for you，So you stand watching and 6_________(listen).The first person who arrives is Mr.Garcia from Columbia, closely 7______(follow)by Julia Smith from Britain.You introduced them to each other，and are surprised by 8____ you see.Mr.Garcia approaches Ms.Smith, 9______(touch)her shoulder and kisses her on 10 ___ cheek.5.主题公园

There are various kinds of theme parks in the world with a specific theme for each.The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland，1______ will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true.You can not only meet your favorite Disney cartoon characters but also enjoy exciting rides，2_____ swinging ships to freefall drops.Dolleywood shows 3_____ celebrates America’s 4_________(tradition)south-eastern culture.For example，people come from all over America 5______(see)carpenters and other craftsmen make wood, glass and iron objects 6__ the old-fashioned style.If 7____ want to experience the ancient days and great deeds of English Knights and 8_____(lady)，princes and queens，then English Camelot Park is 9___ place for you.When you enter Camelot Park，you feel like10 _______(enter)a world of fantasy about ancient England.必修⑤ 1.科普知识

John Snow was a well-known physician in London in the 19th century.1___ famous was he that he even attended Queen Victoria to ease the 2_____(bear)of her babies.However, he decided to defeat cholera, a deadly disease at that time when he saw thousands of people 3_______(expose)to it died every time there was an outbreak.In 1854 when cholera broke out，he began to gather information and marked on a map 4 ______ all the dead people had lived.He found many people who had drunk 5___ dirty water from the pump died.So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera.He found a woman and 6 ___ daughter who had the water delivered from the pump every day died of cholera after drinking the water.7____ this extra evidence John Snow announced that the polluted water was 8 ________(blame).He suggested the source of all water supplies 9________(examine)and new methods of dealing 10____ water be found.Finally，“King Cholera” was defeated.2.国家地理

Great Britain consists of four countries： England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.In the 13th century Wales was linked 1___ England.In 1603, they were joined to Scotland.They were united in peace instead 2___ by war.However, just 3____ they were going to get Ireland connected 4_______(form)United Kingdom, the southern part of Ireland broke away, 5__ only Northern Ireland joined with England.England is the 6_______(large)of the four countries and for convenience 7__ was divided into three zones： the South of England，the Midlands and the North.Most of the population 2016高考备考

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8_________(settle)in the South，but most of the industrial cities are located in the Midlands and the North.London is the capital city with the great 9________(history)treasures.It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the 1st century AD，the oldest building begun by 10___ Anglo Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066.3.计划与愿望

The passage is about a letter written by Li Qing who is taking up the prize that 1__ won last year.At first he was nervous and 2_________(certain)about the journey.However，with Wang Ping’s guiding，Li Qing was transported into the future safely.Hit by a lack 3__ fresh air，his head ached and he tried to make the necessary 4__________(adjust)to this new situation.Soon he was back 5___ his feet again 6____ flew after Wang Ping in a hovering carriage 7______(drive)by computer.Arriving at Wang Ping’s house，Li Qing was shown into 8___ large room with a green wall made of trees，9______ leaves provided the room with oxygen.10_________(exhaust), Li Qing slid into bed and fell fast asleep.4.新闻报道

Zhou Yang will never forget his first assignment 1__ a reporter in China Daily.At the office his talk with his new boss influenced his life strongly.His boss told him not to go out to cover an event 2________ a professional photographer.During the interviews，he had to listen to a lot of facts in detail 3______ getting well prepared for the next question based on 4____ the person said.If the person 5____________(interview)agreed，he should use a recorder to record what the interviewee said.The boss also gave him 6___ example of the importance of a recorder.Once a footballer was accused of taking money for 7__________(deliberate)not scoring goals.He admitted that someone 8________(try)to bribe him，but denied taking the money.With the recording，9__ was proved that he was guilty.He was 10_____(anger)and tried to stop it，but failed.5.医学常识

There are three types of burns.Burns are called first，second or third degree burns，depending on 1_______ layers of the skin are burned.First degree burns

These affect only 2 ____ top layer of the skin.These burns are not serious and should feel better 3______ a day or two.Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by 4________(touch)a hot pan，stove or iron for a moment.Second degree burns

These affect 5____ the top and the second layer of the skin.These burns are serious and take a few weeks 6______(heal).Examples include severe sunburn and burns caused by hot liquids Third degree burns

篇6：GRE填空难题解析

A. eliminated 消灭

B. reinforced 增强

C. put to rest 消除

D. intensified 增强

E. recognized 承认

F. established 建立

答案：AC

分类：直接重复

解析：when提示了近似的因果，则前后两个分句的句意为同意重复。前半句称评论家捏造了一种界限，则这种界限并不存在。故后半句艺术家解释自己作品时，这种界限同样不存在。选项AC正确。happily也提示了这种感情色彩。

翻译：在美国印第安艺术中，假定存在的现代和传统的界限不过是评论家捏造的结果。而令人高兴的是，艺术家在解释他们自己的作品时，这种界限看起来消失了。

以上是关于GRE填空难题的一些解析，希望大家能从中学到一些解答难题的思路和技巧，平时自己做题也要多注意总结，从错题中吸取经验获得进步，在GRE填空部分得到满意的成绩。

GRE填空必考题型之零售业务的复苏

1. The corporation expects only _________ increases in sales next year despite a yearlong effort to revive its retailing business.

(A) unquestionable

(B) sequential

(C) modest

(D) exaggerated

(E) groundless

分析：空格填入一个形容词，修饰“销售增长(increases in sales)”，并且这是公司所“期待(expects)”的。despite 表达让步转折，所以空格要体现和“一年的努力来让零售业务复苏(a yearlong effort to revive itsretailing business)”不相匹配的结果。A 毫无疑问的;B 连续的;C 适当的，有限的;D 夸张的;E 无理由的。C 选项正确。

翻译：尽管用了一年的努力来让自己的零售业务复苏，但是这个公司仅仅期待明年在销售上能获得一定的增长。

2. The eradication of pollution is not merely a matter of ______, though the majestic beauty of nature is indeed an important consideration.

(A) economics

(B) legislation

(C) cleanliness

(D) aesthetics

(E) restoration

分析：空格填入一个名词，表示对“根除污染(The eradication of pollution)”的描述;though 表达让步转折，not 表示否定，所以空格应该体现和“大自然壮丽的美景(the majestic beauty of nature)”相同的含义。A 经济学;B 立法，法律;C 清洁;D 美学;E 恢复。D 选项正确。

翻译：尽管大自然壮丽的美景的的确确是应该重视的问题，但是污染的根除却不仅仅是一个美学问题。

扩展：本题可以扩展到环境保护涉及到的相关问题，比如公共政策，环境对人类的影响等。

3. For more than a century, geologists have felt comfortable with the idea that geological processes, although very_________, are also _________ and so are capable of shaping the Earth, given enough time.

(A) minute...sporadic

(B) slow...steady

(C) complex...discernible

(D) unpredictable...constant

(E) ponderous...intermittent

分析：本题构成了“A and B 模式”。空格 1 应该填入一个形容词，修饰“地质作用(geological processes)”，although 表示让步转折，所以空格 1 至少体现和“能够构造地球(capable of shaping the Earth)”相反的语义，即一个负评价词。A 微小的“”时有时无的，零星的;B 缓慢的“”稳定的;C 复杂的“”可辨别的;D 不可预测的“”不变的;E 沉重的，笨重的“”间歇的。ABC 都可以候选。空格 2 填入一个形容词，也是修饰“地质作用”，所以空格 2 应该体现和空格 1 相反而不矛盾，所以应该是正评价词，并且，空格 2 后的 so表示空格 2 还要和“能够构造地球”形成因果关系。所以只有 B 选项正确。

翻译：一个多世纪以来，地质学家对这个思想感到很满意，即地质作用虽然非常缓慢，但是很稳定，所有如果有足够的时间，它也有能力构造地球。

扩展：本题可以了解关于地质作用的一些知识，其中包括地质作用的表现形式，比如风化，腐蚀等，以及地质作用的特点和所受到因素的影响。

GRE填空必考题型之忠诚度大考验

1. Their ________ of loyalties is first to oneself, next to kin, then to fellow tribe members, and finally to compatriots.

(A) merging

(B) hierarchy

(C) definition

(D) judgment

(E) cognizance

分析：空格填入一个名词，表示对“忠诚度(loyalties)”状态的描述，并且要体现表语部分first…next…then…finally所表达的层次结构特征。A 合并;B等级，层次;C 定义;D 判断;E 认识。B选项正确。

翻译：他们的忠诚度次序首先是自己，然后是家属，接着是伙伴部落成员，最后是自己国家的同胞。

2. The idealized paintings of nature produced in the eighteenth century are evidence that the medieval_________natural settings had been _______ and that the outdoors now could be enjoyed without trepidation.

(A) fear of...exorcised

(B) concerns about...regained

(C) affection for...surmounted

(D) disinterest in...alleviated

(E) enthusiasm for...confronted

分析：空格 1 填入一个名词+介词的结构，表示“中世纪(medieval)”人们对“自然环境(natrual settings)”的态度，空格 2 填入一个动词，表示空格 1 所承受的动作。Now 和 medieval 构成了时间对比关系，其中 now不是指“现在”而是指“那个时候”，也就是 18 世纪;without 表示否定。所以，空格 1 应该体现 “恐惧(trepidation)”的同义概念，而空格 2 则应该体现一个负动作，和“享受(enjoyed)”相对;或者空格 1体现和“恐惧”相反的含义，空格填入一个正动作。A 害怕，畏惧“”驱赶，驱逐;B 关心“”夺取，夺回;C 爱，“”克服，打破;D 冷漠“”缓解，减轻;E 狂热“”面对，面临。A 选项正确。

翻译：18 世纪理想的风景写生证明了中世纪人们对大自然的恐惧已经消除，那时候人们已经可以毫不害怕地享受户外景色。

扩展：本题可以扩展中世纪人们对于大自然的认知状况和态度，以及宗教对于人的思想意识的控制，从而了解当时的社会发展状况，以及艺术的发展状况。

3. Art _________ science, but that does not mean that the artist must also be a scientist; an artist uses the fruits of science but need not _________ the theories from which they derive.

(A) precedes...anticipate

(B) incorporates...understand

(C) transcends...abandon

(D) imitates...repudiate

(E) resembles...contest

分析：空格 1 填入一个动词，表示“艺术(Art)”和“科学(science)”之间的关系;分号表示前后复指，空格 1 应该和“使用(uses)”对应。空格 2 填入一个动词，表示“艺术家(artist)”对“理论(theories)”做的动作，应该体现“艺术家不需要成为科学家(that does not mean that the artist must also be a scientist)”的含义，所以空格 2 要填入“科学家应该对理论作的动作”。A 领先于“”期望;B 整合，融为一体“”理解;C 超越“”放弃;D 模仿“”否定，拒绝接受;E 类似“”竞争。B 选项正确。

翻译：艺术和科学是融为一体的，但是这并不意味着艺术家也必须是科学家;一个艺术家使用科学的成果，但是不需要理解带来这些成果的理论。