zebra的用法详解和例句

2024-05-04

zebra的用法详解和例句(共6篇)

篇1:zebra的用法详解和例句

例句:

The lion was stalking a zebra.

狮子偷偷接近斑马。

The quagga was a strikingly beautiful variant of the zebra

斑驴是一种极美丽的.斑马变种。

The entire whole body of a zebra is marked with black and white stripes.

斑马的全身都有黑白条纹。

篇2:“作”和“做”的用法

“作”和“做”都是动词, 读音也相同, 可是用起来却十分棘手。用它们来组词还比较好办, 例如:“作法”与“做法”、“作人”与“做人”、“作主”与“做主”、“作为”与“做为”, 等等, 拿不准时只要翻翻字典, 一般就能够解决;但“作贡献”与“做贡献”, “作调查”与“做调查”, “作报告”与“做报告”, “作文章”与“做文章”等等, 要考虑哪个对就举棋不定, 字典、词典上一般也未列出或未列尽, 这就很难办。

根据国家语委厉兵先生写的一份材料所称:后面的宾语是动词名词, 就用“作”;宾语是名词, 就用“做”。例如:贡献、调查、分析、比较、介绍、证明、实 (试) 验、报告、修改等动名词做宾语, 前面的动词就用“作”;文章、事情、学问、功课、手术、结论等一般名词做宾语, 前面的动词就用“做”。这样一来, 问题的关键就变成如何判断某个词是动名词还是一般名词。判别方法是:拿到一个词, 看它能不能带宾语或状语, 能, 就是动词;再看它能不能做宾语或带定语, 能, 就是名词。例如:“贡献”, 能说“贡献力量”, 或者能说“积极贡献”, 所以它必是动词;能说“有贡献”, 也能说“突出贡献”, 所以它是名词。总起来, “贡献”是动名词, 所以, 可以说“作贡献”。“文章”不能带宾语, 它是一般名词, 可以说“做文章”。

篇3:yet,but和or的用法详解

1.用作连词时,与but一样主要用于转折,意为“但是”“而”。如:

I have failed, yet I shall try again. 我失败了,但我还要尝试。

The judge was stern, yet completely fair. 法官很严厉,却完全公正。

They are the same, yet not the same. 它们一样,但又不一样。

It is strange, yet it is true. 那真是怪事,然而却是事实。

I’ve been away only for three years, yet I can hardly recognize my hometown.

我仅在外三年,可我几乎认不出我自己的故乡了。

He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn’t help us. 他说他是我们的朋友,但却不肯帮助我们。

2.有时用在句首。如:

Yet the house was cheerful. 但屋子里显得很欢快。

Yet its population has doubled. 但它的人口翻了一番。

3.有时可与并列连词and或but连用,构成习语and yet和but yet,且两者大致同义(均相当于表转折的but)。如:

I gave him ten pounds (and) yet he was not satisfied. 我给了他十镑但他仍不满足。

She’s vain and foolish, and yet people like her. 她很虚荣且愚蠢,但人们却喜欢她。

She drove very fast to the airport, but/yet/and yet she missed the plane.

她开快车去机场,可还是误了飞机。

4.although不能与表示转折的but连用,但是却可以与yet连用。如:

Although we have made some progress, yet we still have a long way to go.

我们虽然取得了些进步,但还是远远不够的。

but的用法:

1.用作连接词或短语。如:

It was a sunny but not very warm day. 那一天天气晴朗,却不太暖和。

He drives not carefully but slowly. 他开车不是很小心,但是很慢。

2.用于连接句子。如:

This isn’t a good one but it will answer. 这不太好,但是有效。

He looks honest, but actually he’s a rogue. 他看起来很老实,实际却是一个坏蛋。

She has said “Good morning” to him, but he gave no answer.

她向他说了早上好,但他没有回应。

The ice remained, but there was no water underneath. 冰还在,但下面却没有水。

Mrs. Brown was about to begin, but Jennie spoke first. 布朗夫人正要开始讲话,珍妮先讲了。

At first he was a little shy, but now he acts more natural.

开始时他有些腼腆但现在他表现得很自然了。

There was a little trouble at first, but things were soon quiet.

起初有点小麻烦但后来事端就平息了。

3.用于句首。如:

But that question doesn’t arise. 但没发生那个问题。

But in secret she was delighted. 但她暗中感到高兴。

But what else can we do? 可是我们还能做什么?

But in the end he gave in. 但最后他还是让步了。

But there’s one thing we are agreed on. 但有一点大家的意见是一致的。

4.用于道歉的表达之后。如:

Sorry, but we’re behind schedule. 抱歉,我们落在计划后了。

I’m frightfully sorry, but I can’t see you today. 太对不起了,我今天不能见你。

Excuse me, but I don’t think that’s quite true. 很抱歉,我认为这与事实略有出入。

5.用于not…but…,表示“不是……而是……”。如:

Not you but I am to blame. 不是你的错而是我的错。

6.用在某些否定词后,表示“只……”。如:

He eats nothing but hamburgers. 他只吃汉堡包。

You have nobody but yourself to blame. 只能怪你自己。

No one but me saw her. 只有我看见她了。

7.用于next(last) but one 中,表示“隔壁再过去”“倒数第……”。如:

He lives in the next house but one. 他住在隔壁再过去一家。

He was the last but one to arrive. 他是倒数第二个到的。

8.can’t help but 不得不…… 如:

You can’t help but respect them. 你不得不尊敬他们。

I can’t help but admire his courage. 我不得不赞赏他的勇气。

注意:不要按汉语意思将“虽然……但是……”直译为although/though…but…:

误:Though we are poor, but we are happy. (去掉though或but)

or的用法:

1.表示选择,意为“或,还是”。如:

Is the radio off or on? 收音机关了还是开着?

Would you prefer tea or coffee? 你喜欢茶还是咖啡?

Is he asleep or awake? 他睡着了还是醒着?

Are you going to America by boat or by air? 你去美国是坐船还是坐飞机?

2.表示一种否定的条件,意为“否则”。如:

Hurry up, or you’ll be late for school. 赶快,否则你上学就要迟到了。

Dress warmly, or else you’ll catch cold. 穿暖和点,否则你会感冒的。

Be careful, or you’ll break that vase!小心,否则你会把那花瓶打碎的!

3.表示“要不就是”。如:

He must be joking, or else he’s mad. 他一定在说笑话,要不就是疯了。

The book must be here, or else you’ve lost it. 这书一定在这儿,要不就是你弄丢了。

4.用于否定句中代替and。如:

He was not clever or good-looking. 他不聪明,长得也不好看。

比较:They sang and danced. 他们既唱歌又跳舞。

They didn’t sing or dance. 他们既没有唱歌也没有跳舞。

5.用于习语。如:

The work is more or less finished. 工作多少做了一点儿。

They consist of 1700 or more tribes. 他们由1700个或更多部族组成。

There’s just one or two details I want to make sure about. 还有一两个细节我想弄清楚。

篇4:反义疑问句用法详解

反义疑问句也叫附加疑问句,指的是在陈述句后面附加一个简短的一般疑问,用于对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问或表示证实。陈述部分与附加部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致,但是肯定和否定形式却彼此相反,即陈述部分为肯定式时,疑问句部分用否定式;陈述部分为否定式时,附加部分用肯定式。如:

He’s late, isn’t he? 他迟到了,不是吗?

He isn’t late, is he? 他没有迟到,不是吗?

反义疑问句的附加部分不管是肯定的,还是否定的,通常都可译为“是吗”“对吗”“是不是”“对不对”“不是吗”“不对吗”等。

2. 反义疑问句的缩写问题当反义疑问句的附加部分为否定式时,习惯上只用缩写形式,不能分开来写。

如:

误:You love him very much, do not you?你很爱他,对不对?

正:You love him very much, don’t you?你很爱他,对不对?

3. 反义疑问句的主语问题

反义疑问句部分的主语应与陈述部分主语一致,且只能是代词,不能是名词。如:

误:Jim likes English very much, doesn’t Jim? 吉姆很喜欢英语,对吗?

正:Jim likes English very much, doesn’t he? 吉姆很喜欢英语,对吗?

注意:如果陈述部分的主语为somebody, someone, everyone, everybody, no one, nobody等指人的复合不定代词时,其附加部分的主语在正式文体中用he,在口语或非正式文体中通常用they。如:Nobody likes it, does he[do they]?没有一个人喜欢它,是吗?

4. 反义疑问句用于there be句式

当陈述部分为there be句型时,附加部分仍用there be句式。如:

There is a garden at the back of the house, isn’t t

here? 房子背后有一座花园,对吗?

5. 涉及情态动词的反义疑问句

一般情况下,当陈述部分含有情态动词时,反义疑问句会重复前面同样的情态动词。如:The boy can read and write, can’t he? 这男孩会读写,是吗?We shouldn’t help him, should we? 我们不应该帮他,对吗?

但是当陈述部分含有情态动词must时,要分两种情况:

① 若must表示“必须”或“有必要”,则附加部分可用 mustn’t 或needn’t。如:You must leave at once, mustn’t [needn’t] you? 他必须(有必要)马上离开,是吗?

② 若must表示推测,意为“一定”时,其附加部分不能用must,而应根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。如:

He must be tired, isn’t he? 他一定累了,是吗?

He must have left yesterday, didn’t he? 他昨天一定是走了,对吗?

6. 涉及祈使句的反义疑问句

若陈述部分为祈使句,则其附加部分通常用will you、won’t you、would you等。如:

Come tomorrow, will you? 明天来吧,好不好?Try it again, won’t you? 再试一次,好吗?

但是,如果前面为否定的祈使句,则其附加问句部分要用肯定形式will you,而不能用否定式形式won’t。如:

Don’t tell him, will you? 不要告诉他,好吗?

注意:祈使句以Let’s...或Let us...开头时,情况比较特殊——

①由于Let’s...表示建议,所以其后的附加部分用shall we。如:

Let’s have a break, shall we? 我们休息一下吧,好不好?

Let’s meet on Monday, shall we? 咱们星期一碰头吧,好不好?

② Let us...有时表示请求,有时表示建议,所以要区别对待:表示请求时,附加部分用will you;表示建议时,附加部分用shall we。如:

Let us know your address, will you? 请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗?

Let us go swimming together, shall we? 我们一起去游泳吧,好吗?

7. 涉及have的反义疑问句

当陈述部分含有动词have时,要分清它是助动词还是实义动词。如果是助动词,则附加部分仍将其用作助动词。如:

He has finished his homework, hasn’t he? 他做完作业了,对不对?

如果是实义动词,则分为两种情况:

①当have表示“所有”时,则附加部分既可以用have,也可以用助动词do。如:

He has a lot of money, hasn’t [doesn’t] he? 他有很多钱,是吗?

② 当have表示“吃”、“玩”等意思时,则附加部分用助动词。如:

He has supper at 5 p.m., doesn’t he? 他下午5点吃晚餐,是吗?

但是,若陈述部分用的是have的否定式,则反义疑问句用have还是用do,取决于陈述部分的动词形式。如:

He hasn’t any money, has he? 他没有钱,是吗?

He doesn’t have any money, does he? 他没有钱,是吗?

篇5:“it”做形主和形宾的用法详解

笔者读《兰亭集序》感受颇深,有几点拙见同大家探讨:

一、清淡的景趣

“此地有崇山峻岭,茂林修竹,又有清流急湍,映带左右。”“是日也,天朗气清,惠风和畅.”迷人的自然风景总是给人生理上一种快感。这是一种浅层次的感官享受,在这种本能中,作者感受到“信可乐也。”魏晋时期人们高谈玄理,崇尚老庄,寄情山水。而王羲之一反“清虚寡欲,尤善玄言”的风气和追求骈体的形式主义之气,以豪迈、豁达的精神姿态,勇敢追求人格自由和心灵解放,用写景传达出自己清静淡雅的灵性美。

二、昂扬的志趣

“夫人之相与,俯仰一世。”用极简短的语言概括出了人一生的短暂。不同的人有不同的生活方式。有的人“取诸怀抱,悟言一室之内;”而有的人“因寄所托,放浪形骸之外。”人的态度千差万别,性格不一样。当人们遇到喜欢的事物,心满意足时,“不知老之将至”。对向往或得到的事物感到厌倦,变为陈迹后,不能不引起感触。王羲之选择了积极的人生态度。为官期间,深知百姓疾苦,他身体力行,忠于职守,办了许多实事,留下了众多佳话。而当时的康帝,穆帝以为能请来王羲之作为自己理朝政治清明的标志。本文表达了作者乐观豁达的人生态度和超脱生死的生命境界,阐述了深邃的哲学思想。这给当时的官场追逐名利的人以思索,给后人以感触。

三、人生的理趣

“固知一死生为虚诞,齐彭殇为妄作。后之视今,亦由今之视昔,悲夫。”这里的“悲”指人对死生认识的局限性。即当时士族借老庄思想来逃避现实,寄情山水,麻醉自己,漠视生命的态度,而王羲之对自由精神的追求,对生命的珍视,对死亡的超脱,勇敢的面对自然规律。在《论语·先进》中曾皙曾描绘,“暮春者,春服既成,冠者五六人,童子六七人,浴乎沂,风乎舞雩,咏而归。”孔子表达了见解上的一致。而王羲之的“每览昔人兴感之由,若合一契,未尝不临文嗟悼”,将上文兰亭美景的描绘,视为“乐事”,正是孔子的隔世关照和认同。他渴望见到曾点描述的盛世,但已到暮年,对“死生”的感悟不觉有了“后之视今,亦由今之视昔”的历史沧桑感,体现出人生哲理的理趣美。

篇6:英语动词不定式用法详解

【关键词】动词不定式 句法功能 时态语态 否定式 疑问词+不定式 省略

非谓语动词是由动词变来但不能作谓语的动词形式,但可以带自己的宾语或状语,构成非谓语动词短语。不定式是最常用的非谓语动词之一,下面从句法功能、时态和语态等方面举例说明其用法。

一、句法功能

动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词之特性,同时也保留动词特征,同自己的宾语和状语一起构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语。

1.作主语

To love and to be loved are both happiness.

(1)不定式作主语时,为了避免头重脚轻,常用it作形式主语,不定式作真正主语,常见句型有:

It is very nice to get up early and do morning exercise.

It is a great honor to make a speech at the meeting.

It took me five hours to finish my homework yesterday.

It is against my will to tell her the secret.

(2)不定式的逻辑主语用of或for引出。用for时,它前面的形容词说明不定式的性质,而不是说明逻辑主语,常见的形容词有:important, necessary, difficult等;用of时,常用表示人的品质的形容词,常见形容词有:nice, good, cruel, typical, silly, foolish, stupid, bright, clever, wise, right, wrong, mistaken等,也可以用“逻辑主语+系动词+该形容词”模式改写:

It is very important for us to fasten safety belts.

It was silly of her to believe what he said = She was silly to believe what he said.

2.作宾语

(1)agree, beg, choose, decide, afford, fail, expect, hope, long, offer, manage, plan, prepare, pretend, strive, refuse, intend, promise, seem, wish, want等后常跟不定式作宾语。不定式一般不作介词宾语,但可以作but, except的宾语:

My parents agreed to send me abroad for holidays if I passed the exam.

He had no choice but to have a rest at home.

(2)like, love, hate, continue等动词后跟不定式和动名词作宾语意义接近,区别在于不定式表示具体的动作,动名词表示抽象概念:

I like reading, but I don’t like to read in the classroom today.

(3)不定式作宾语时,用it作形式宾语,常跟一个形容词或者名词作宾补:

We consider it necessary to learn English well in case you go abroad.

We have made it a rule not to watch TV during dinner time.

3.作定语

(1)作定语时,与被修饰词之间有逻辑上的“主谓关系”、“动宾关系”等:

He is always the first to come and the last to go. (主谓关系)

I have a very important meeting to attend this afternoon. (动宾关系)

I will go to Shanghai. Do you have anything to be taken there? (主谓关系)

注:此句中you不是不定式逻辑主语,故anything就成逻辑主语,anything与take之前构成被动关系,故用被动形式,但也可用主动形式:

I will do some washing. Do you have any clothes to wash (to be washed)?

There is a lot of homework to do (to be done) today.

(2)如果作定语的动词不能与被修饰词之间构成动宾关系时,要加相应的介词,构成介宾关系:

I have bought a pen to write with and some paper to write on.

(3)某些抽象名词ability, way, need, possibility, determination等后也跟不定式作定语:

The girl has the ability to operate this modern machine.

He has showed the determination to finish the work ahead of time.

4.作状语

不定式作状语时,通常表示原因、目的和结果,逻辑主语通是句子的主语,有主动和被动之分:

I was very pleased to hear the satisfactory news. (原因)

In order to go to college, I have to learn English well. (目的)

The question is very difficult to answer. =To answer the question is very difficult.

注意:不定式在这种情况下作状语,一般是及物动词,与主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,翻译为“…起来”,不用被动式:

The woman is very difficult to deal with.= To deal with the woman is very difficult.

He woke up at midnight, only to find the door was open.(结果)

He hurried to the school, only to be told that in was Sunday. (结果)

注意:分词也可作结果状语,但不定式的主动和被动形式都表示出乎预料的结果,而现在分词和过去分词均表示必然结果:

He was late again and again, thus making the boss angry.

He smoked again at work, thus caught by the boss.

5.作补语

(1)作宾补或主补时,不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的宾语或者主语,有主动和被动之分。常用动词有:advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, consider, desire, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, oblige, order, permit, persuade, prefer, request, teach, tell, want, warn等:

Our school doesn’t permit anyone to smoke in the school campus.(宾补)

We were forced to leave the classroom when school was over. (主补)

(2)动词notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, look at, watch, observe, have, feel跟省略to的不定式作宾补,但这些动词变为被动语态时,作主补的不定式要加上to:

I noticed a young lady enter the room hurriedly.

A young lady was noticed to enter the room hurriedly.

6.作表语

不定式作表语既可表示将来发生的动作,也可表示应该做某事:

My job is to teach children English after graduation.

Who is to blame for the broken window?

二、动词不定式的时态和语态

不定式不仅有时态的变化,而且有语态的变化。当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时,就用被动语态。

1.一般式表示动作或状态与谓语动词动作或状态同时发生或之后发生:

He likes to swim in the small river this afternoon.

Nobody likes to be criticized in public.

2.完成式表示动作或状态在谓语动词动作或状态之前发生:

He was lucky to have met a kind and helpful man.

The book is said to have been translated into English.

3.进行式表示动作在谓语动词动作或状态发生时正在发生:

He pretended to be sleeping when his mother told him to do washing.

4.完成进行式表示在谓语动词动作或状态发生之前开始的动作,到谓语动词动作发生时可能停止,也可能会持续下去:

He seems to have been standing there for five hours.

三、动词不定式的否定及其它

1.不定式的否定式是在不定式符号to前面加not:

The teacher ordered us not to make any noise in the classroom.

2.疑问词+不定式

“疑问词+不定式”相当于一个名词,在句中作主语、宾语和表语,其中的不定式常用一般式:

When to start for the journey has not been decided.

If you don’t know when to start for the journey, you’d better call him.

The problem is when to start for the journey.

3.不定式to的省略情况

(1)在had better, would rather…than…, would…rather than…, do nothing but \ except \ other than, might as well, cannot help but \ cannot choose but \ cannot but以及情态动词、助动词之后:

I would rather stay at home than go to the cinema in such terrible weather.

There is nothing I can do other than \ but \ except ask for a leave.

(2)动词help后可直接跟省略to的不定式,即help do sth.;help后的不定式作宾补时,如果句子主语直接参与不定式动作时省略to,句子主语不直接参与不定式动作时,一般不省略to:

Please help do housework, as I am too busy.

Would you please help me carry the box upstairs?

The book will help me to improve my writing skills.

(3)在why 或why not开头、表示建议的疑问句中:

Why argue with your mother?

Why not go outside and breathe some fresh air?

(4)并列的两个以上的不定式,从第二个开始省略to,但对比关系中不能省略:

She will come to help us and give us a lecture.

We haven’t decided whether to go to America or to stay in China during the vacation.

(5)不定式作表语时,系动词前边有动词do的任何形式;句子主语是all或what引导的从句;主语被only, first, one, least及形容词最高级所修饰时:

The first thing I want to do now is (to) thank all the people who have helped me in my life.

All I can do is (to) offer him some money to buy food and clothes.

What she really hopes is (to) marry an honest man.

The only thing he can do is (to) do well in the exam.

参考文献:

[1]薄冰英语语法.开明出版社.

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