雅思小作文对比的技巧

第一篇：雅思小作文对比的技巧

雅思小作文图表题的分析技巧

柱状图：“比较”(找出similarity)和“对比”(找出difference)，是写作的关键，既要横向总结所有柱状图表的共性特征，也要分别描写各个柱子的个性特征。

饼图：是所有图表题中最好写的一种，值得注意的是要处理好怎样丰富百分比的表达和“占”的表达。不要一直用数字加百分比的格式，如25%。特定的数字可以采取多样性的表达，如25%=a quarter of, 50%=half of, >50%=a,or the majority of。

曲线图：关键是把握好曲线的走向和趋势，学会general classification,即在第二段的开头部分对整个曲线进行一个阶段式的总分类，使写作层次清晰。接下来在分类描述每个阶段的specific trend,同时导入数据作为你分类的依据。注意不要不做任何说明就机械性的导入数据!可以使用一些比较native的单词和短语来描述trend。

表格题：考察例举数字的能力和方法。注意怎样通过举一些有代表性的数据来有效地说明问题。

流程图：注意流程图里的“因果关系”或每一流程的“承前启后”关系;表达每一流程的主体内容，阐明这种关系;揭示其内在联系或规律;最后，给予简要归纳和总结。

以上美联英语学习网为各位考生整理了雅思小作文图表题的分析技巧，供考生们参考使用。

第二篇：雅思小作文

饼图Pie

As shown in the first chart, oil was the world’s main energy source, accounting for 37% of the energy consumption in 2005. Followed by coal and natural gas, constituting 28% and 23% respectively. By comparison, the proportion of nuclear power was small, 6%, equating that of hydro-electricity.

Saudi Arabia accounts for the largest proportion of the world’s oil reserves, 20%, well ahead of Canada, the country with the second biggest reserve, 14%. Behind Canada are four Middle East countries, namely Iran(10%), Iraq(9%), Kuwait(8%) and United Arab(8%). By contrast, the reserves of Venezuela, Russia and the united states are relatively small, making up 6%, 5% and 2@ respectively. The remaining 18% is found in other countries.

Pic

The three pie charts show how university students in three countries spent their money in the year 2003.

In general, students in countries A spent slightly more than those in country B(US$5,000 and US$4,500 respectively). In comparison, student expenditure in country C was considerably lower, at only US$1,500 per year.

Accommodation and food were the two biggest items of expenditure. Altogether they constituted around 60% of the total students’ expenditure in all the three countries. The difference is that in country A and B accommodation spending exceeded food spending while the reverse was true for country C.

The rest of the students’ spending was divided among leisure, books and others. Leisure spending constituted a larger percentage (around 20%) of student expenditure in both country A and B, while in country C more money was spent on books(12%) than on leisure(12%).

Overall, as wealth decreased, the percentage of students’ spending on non-essential items reduced.

柱状图Bar

Pic

This bar chart shows the changes in the amount of oil discovered worldwide every 5 years from 1950 to 2005 and the predicted figures from 2010 to 2020.

In 1950, the world oil discovery stood at 20 billion barrels a year, which grew dramatically over the next 15 years to reach a peak at approximately 56 billion barrels in 1965. However, from this year onwards, the growth of oil discovery was suddenly replaced by a sharply downward trend, with some ups and downs, to approximately 6 billion barrels a year in 2005, about 1/10of its peak amount in 1965.

It is predicted that 7 billion barrels of oil will be discovered worldwide in the year 2010, and this figure is forecast to decline steadily to an all-time low of only 3 billion barrels in 2020.

In conclusion, this chart shows that world oil discovery peaked in the 1960s but has been declining for over 40 years, and this trend is expected to continue into the near future.

The bar chat shows information about the areas of land damaged by human activities in four major continents of the world.

The area of land damaged in Africa and Asia are similar, totalling approximately 1,200 million hectares for each, while in Australia and Europe the numbers are considerably lower, averaging between 300and 400 million.

Looking at the causes behind land damages, it can be seen that in African, Europe and especially Australia, breeding is the leading cause of land loss, damaging approximately 500, 100 and 400 million hectares of land respectively. Next comes tree-cutting which takes away slightly larger areas of land than farming in all the three regions.

Asia shows a slightly different picture, where tree-cutting activities have led to the largest amount of land loss (450 million hectares). Breeding and farming account for the remaining damage (380 and 420 million hectares respectively). Overall, breeding causes the most pervasive damage to land around the world.

折线图 line

Overall, the world population rose sharply from less than 500 million in the 1400s to 6 billion in 2000, a growth of 12 times over 600 years. The increase was more dramatic after 1800 and only in the 1700s was there an obvious decline (1.2 billion to 0.9 billion).

The ozone hole was at its smallest size of about 400 thousand square km in 1980, but 20 years later, it was enlarged by 9 times to 3.6 million square km. The only period when there was a reduction in size was in the early 1990s (from 2 to 1.2 million square km).

流程图diagram

The diagram shows the stages in the process of making chocolate.

Chocolate comes from the cacao tree, which is grown in parts of south America, Africa and Indonesia. The tree produces large red pods which contain white cocoa beans. Firstly when the pods are ripe, they are harvested, the beans are removed and they are fermented for several days in large wooden boxes. During the fermenting process, the beans turn brown.

Next, the brown beans are spread in the sun to dry. They are then put in large sacks and transported by train or lorry. After this, the beans are taken to a chocolate factory where they are roasted in an oven at temperatures of between 250 and 350 degree Celsius.

After being roasted, the beans are crushed and the outer shell is removed. This part is not needed for making chocolate. Finally, the inner part of the bean is pressed and liquid chocolate is produced.

(pic)

The chart describes how water is obtained outdoors.

According to the figure, the first step of obtaining water outdoors is to find a hole with green plants on its bottom. Next, remove the green plants in the middle and put a container there. Then, cover the hole with a plastic sheet and place two stones on both ends of it to secure its position. A third stone is laid on the middle of the plastic sheet so that the middle part is also the lowest part.

When the sun shines on the green plants in the hole, water evaporates from these plants. The vapour rises up and then cools down to form water drops on the plastic sheet. When there is more and more water, it flows along the sheet to accumulate on the lowest part. Finally, water falls down into the container directly under the middle stone.

Thus, water is collected successfully through evaporation from green plants.

Pic

In cool climate special attention is given to the use of building materials that have a high thermal mass. Insulation is used on the outside of heavy materials such as concrete, brick or adobe. This kind of material stores heat and slowly releases it while external insulation ensures that all heat absorbed by wall materials is released inside the building. Careful positioning of the building and large windows facing winter sunlight also assist to passively heat the house. The roof has an extreme angle to assist with snow runoff and roof overhang does not interfere with sunlight.

Homes in warm climate require the opposite approach. Insulation and reflective roof material aim to keep heat from the sun out. Windows are placed under a wider roof overhang so that they are shaded form direct light in the day and so that cooler night air can move through the house when the windows are open.

Map地图

(pic)

The three diagrams illustrate what the village of Kelsbey looked like in 1780, 1860, and 2000.

In 1780, Kelsbey had only 100 homes, but it had a large expense of woods in the eastern part of the village and four plots of farmland in the middle. In the west there was a river running from north to south.

The year 1860 saw a doubling of the number of homes but the size of farmland and woods was reduced by half. In the same year, a bridge could be seen over the river and a road was constructed linking the river to the residences.

140 years later, the number of homes more than doubled to 500, but farms and woods completely disappeared. Several school buildings and sports facilities were constructed at the south-eastern corner of the village, which were connected with the residential area in the north by a newly-built road. Some shops opened up along the river bank and a large stretch of wetland for birds was established at the southern end of the river.

大作文

Body paragraph A

It is first important to realise that art is the key part of cultural legacy; therefore, it is meaningful to conserve the art for the cultural diversity. For example, painting in different culture has a range of styles, genres, tools and materials. If we did not protect it, a form of art would be disappeared. Besides, some work of art such as graffiti, spark people’s imaginations and provide them a novel perspective to view the world. The arts can develop a culture which people pursue art as a hobby. Furthermore, arts also improved the environment attractive, which is reflected in architecture and gardening design.

Body paragraph B

Although arts are very important, we observe public facilities should get more subsidy than arts from government. Citizens are more interested in the availability of public facilities, such as, water and electricity supply, schools, libraries and roads, these facilities have a direct impact on their daily lives. By contrast, for most people, sculptures, paintings or operas are luxury items, which cannot bring any tangible benefit to them. Another reason is that the arts can sometimes yield high returns and therefore succeed in receiving business sponsorship. This is particularly the cause when arts include music, movies, operas and creative arts. Therefore, it is pointless to support the use of public funds for this purpose, if basic facilities are underfunded.

第三篇：雅思小作文常见错误

A 普通图表作文

1. “millions” 或者“thousands”在句子中出现时不能加复数，只有“数字+million or thousand”的说法。 2. “the number of”后面一般接可数名词的复数 ，“the amount of”，“the quantity of”和“the volume of”类似，后面一般接不可数名词。

3. 图表作文中不可以出现“I”或者“We”，雅思图表作文需要正式的书面语言，因此在语言使用方面要减少第一人称的使用，减少非正式的说法。

4. 引用数据时不需要使用定语从句，直接引用数据即可。

错误的例子：North America had a lower proportion of degraded land, which was only 5%.

正确的例子：North America had a lower proportion of degraded land, at only 5%.

5. 上升”和“下降”这些词(Increase, drop 等)都是不及物动词，没有被动语态。也就是“was increased”错的。

6. Reduce 和 raise 这两个词小作文用不到，因为是及物动词;arise 也不能替代 rise;“ascent/descent”不能用在小作文里。

7. 表示“占据”的时候，最好不要用“occupy”，而是使用“account for/represent/constitute”

8. “outnumber”的主语一般是可数名词的复数，不能是不可数名词;而“overtake/surpass”的主语多用于不可数名词，或者是“number/figure/amount/proportion”这样的词;“exceed”表示超过某一个特定的数字或容量。

9. 对象词的错误。对象词就是图里的数字所代表的东西。

10. 时态的错误。多为一般过去时，有时候可能出现一般现在时或者将来时态。过去进行时不可能出现。 11. 动态图过分注重数据和小的波动，而忽视趋势。所谓趋势，就是一个区间内最主要的一个变化(譬如说，如果大部分时候是上升，就是上升趋势)

12. 静态图过分侧重读数据，没有将数据归类和归纳(具备类似特征的数据要放在一起)

13. 很多学生使用奇怪的上升或者下降的替换词，而忽视词性的变换(应该使用名词或者分词去替换动词)。 14. Increase/rise/drop 这些词用作名词的时候，要用不定冠词“a”，譬如说“saw a drop” 15. 比较句中，比较对象不一致。 16. doubled 不及物动词，没有被动。

17. rise 的过去时是 rose，而不是 rised。过去分词是 risen，而不是 rose。

18. “Percentage/proportion…accounted for”永远是错的，只有人或者物可以充当 “accounted for”的名词。

19. Per cent 前面要加数字,譬如说“40 per cent”，而 percentage 一般充当主语，后面要 加 OF，“the percentage of …”

20. While 是连词，要连接两个句子。

21. 副词修饰动词，应该在动词后面。譬如说“increased slightly”，但是不能说“slightly increased”;slightly 也不能修饰名词，也就是“a slightly increase”是错的，应该是“a slight increase” 22. 形容词不能修饰比较级别，譬如说“was slight higher than”是错的，要说“was slightly higher than”

23. remained 后面只能加形容词，也就是“remain constantly”是错的，只有“remain constant”。“Maintain”不是“remain”的替换词，譬如说，只能说“remained the most important means of transport”，而不能是 maintained 24. “reach”这个词后面直接可以读数据，譬如说“reached 32 million”，不需要加“to” 25. 在动态图里，一般是 rose “数字”-fold，而不是“rose five times” 26. 没有“comparing with”的说法，只有“compared with”的说法

27. 当表示“数字很低，几乎可以忽略”的意思，应该用 minimal，而不是 minimum 28. 表示年龄的时候，可以说“people aged between 20 and 40”，不能把“aged”写成“age” 29. 图表作文总结段不能表达个人观点、进行推测和预测，图表作文只需要根据数据进行总结和分析。 30. 图表作文总结段不能出现数据，因为数据的表述已经在主体部分完成。

B 流程图

31. Equipment 是不可数名词，facilities 是可数名词复数

32. Materials 是材料的意思，而 element 是元素的意思(不能用于流程图) 33. 如果 A 步骤是在 B 步骤之前发生，那么应该是“A happens, before B” 34. 流程图不能使用祈使句

C 地图

35. Cross 是动词，而 across 是介词(不能充当谓语) 36. Expand 是扩大的意思，expend 是花费的意思

37. Happen, take place 表示“发生”的意思，都没有被动语态

38. 地图题只能说西边和东边(western side 或者 eastern side)，不能说左边和右边(left side 和 right side)

第四篇：雅思小作文经典文本

线图

The figure reveals that before 1:00 p.m. there were more radio audiences, while after 1:00 p.m. more people turned to television. Radio The data indicated that radio listeners increased substantially before 8:00 am, when the percentage reached to a peak of 27%.

Then, it declined steadily in the following 20 hours, bottoming out at 2% at 4:00 a.m. of the next day.

The period from 4:00 am to 6:00 am saw another slight rise to 4% in radio listeners. TV As for TV viewers, The period from 6:00 a.m.to 8:30 a.m. saw a sharp increase , when there was a leveling off at 8% until 10:00 am.. From then on, it generally maintained a sharply upward trend until the peak(45%) was reached at 8:00 p.m., in spite of some small fluctuation.

However, there was a slump thereafter in the percentage. The percentage reached the bottom of 3% at 3:00 a.m, when there was a slight rise afterwards The general trend was that the percentage of both radio and television audiences rose first and then decrease, while the total number of the latter was bigger than the former. In addition, the prime time for radio and television was 8 am and 8 pm, respectively.

表格

P1 The table demonstrates how different modes of travel changed in England in 15 years spanning from 1985 to 2000. In general, the modes are classified into two kinds in terms of average miles travelled per person per year: one enjoyed rising popularity while the other decreasing. P2 The travel modes which gained popularity in the period included cars, long distance buses, trains, taxis and others.

Cars remained top among the modes in the 15 years, with its average miles increasing considerably from 3,199 in 1985 to 4,806 in 2000.

Long distance buses and taxis seemed to be warmly welcomed by travelers, so average miles travelled in the two modes almost tripled P3 Travels by walking, bicycles and local buses lost travelers’ favor in the one and a half decade.

Average travelling distance by local buses suffered the biggest decrease, dropping from 429 to 274, while the number of miles by walking and bikes fell mildly from 255 to 237 and from 51 to 41 respectively. P4 Overall, the number of miles travelled by the average per person rose from 4,740 miles in 1985 to 6,475 miles in 2000, with the increase of cars accounting for almost all of that increase.

饼图

P1 The following two pie charts illustrate the energy use in the U.S.A. The two pie charts describe the data of the energy use and the residential energy use in detail in the United States.

P2 It can be seen from the first pie chart that the energy is used for four purposes. Specifically, industry accounts for the largest proportion(41%) of the used energy while demand of transportation makes up 26% of the total need of energy. The Residential and commercial represent 19% and 14% respectively. P3 According to the second pie chart, it clearly shows that heating and air conditioning account for the largest proportion (62%) in the residential energy use while the small appliances makes up the least proportion (10%).

The heating water and miscellaneous ( including cooking) constitutes 15% and 13% respectively. P4 From the chart, we may have a basic understanding of the situation of energy use in the United States.

柱状图

P1 The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960, 1980 and 2000.

The bar graph shows the changing patterns in commuting by train, car, tube or bus for commuters in one European city in the years 1960, 1980 and 2000. P2 The number of people using trains at first rose from just under 20% in 1960 to about 26% in 1980, but then fell back to about 23% in 2000. P3 Use of the tube was relatively stable, falling from around 27% of commuters in 1960 to 22% in 1980, but climbing back to reach 25% by 2000. P4 On the other hand, the use of cars increased steadily from just over 5% in 1960 to 23% in 1980, reaching almost 40% by 2000, whereas the popularity of buses has declined since 1960, falling from just under 35% in 1960 to 27% in 1980 and only 15% in 2000. P5 The graph indicates the growing use of cars for commuting to work between 1960 - 2000, and the continued decline in the popularity of buses from being the most popular mode of transport in 1960 to the least popular in 2000.

地图

The three maps illustrate how the village of Kelsby changed in 1780, 1860 and 2000. In 1780, Kelsby had only 100 homes. There was a large expanse of woods in the eastern part of the village and four plots of farmland in the centre. In the west was a river flowing from north to south. The year 1860 saw a doubling of the number of homes, but the size of farmland and woods was halved. In the same year, a bridge was constructed over the river and a road was paved linking the river to the residences. 140 years later, the number of homes more than doubled to 500, but farms and woods completely disappeared. In their places, several school buildings and sports facilities were constructed at the south-eastern corner of the village, which were connected with the residential areas in the north via a newly-build road. Some shops opened up along the river bank and a large stretch of wetland for birds was established at the southern end of the river.

流程图

The diagram shows the stages in the process of making chocolate.【所有的小作文第一句话都要用一般现在时。流程图必备三个词：process：整个过程, stage：阶段，step：步骤】

Chocolate comes from the cacao tree, which is grown in parts of South America, Africa and Indonesia.【开头不能冲上来就直接介绍cacao tree，而是通过主题词chocolate引出，否则显得太唐突】【流程图特点之一：介 绍过程要使用一般现在时】【流 程图特点之二：大量使用定语从句，将有关联的两句话连接。】【流程图特点之三：大量使用被动语态】The tree produces large red pods which contain white cocoa beans. Firstly,【流程图特点之四：使用一些表示顺序的连接词】when the pods are ripe, they are harvested, the beans are removed and they are fermented for several days in large wooden boxes.【三个句子的并列：“句子A，句子B and 句子C”。】During the fermenting process, the beans turn brown.【流程图特点之五：要 适当地添加个别图中没有交代但能从图片中直接读出来的的一些内容，否则可能达不到字数要求。但是一定要把握尺度，千万不要加上自己的主观观点，否则会扣 分】

Next, the brown beans are spread in the sun to dry. They are then put in large sacks and transported by train or lorry. After this, the beans are taken to a chocolate factory where they are roasted in an oven at temperatures of between 250 and 350 degree Celsius.

After being roasted, the beans are crushed and the outer shell is removed. This part is not needed for making chocolate. Finally, the inner part of the bean is pressed and liquid chocolate is produced.

第五篇：雅思小作文图表作文数据写法

1. 介词

 From..to..The proportion of married people decreased by 11% to about 59%. 趋势名词+ofThe minutes of local fixed line calls reached the peak at around 90 billion.  With(带一个或几个静止的数值)

- In 1979, beef was the most popular of these food, with about 225 grams per person per week. Both nuclear power and oil went up during the period, although the rise of oil was not as dramatic as that of nuclear power (from 15, 20 to 126, 25 respectively).

3.

从句 与括号类似，都起到解释的作用。 括号→从句：在括号内容前加which+ v.People in Turkey spent on food with the largest percentage, which was 32.14%.Both nuclear power and oil went up during the period, although the rise of oil was not as dramatic as that of nuclear power, which increased from 15, 20 to 126, 25 respectively.

4. 直接 (数字+趋势名词)

- There was an 11% decline to around 59% in 2000 in the proportion of married people.